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  1. Cosmovisioni e realtà: la filosofia di ciascuno.Roberto Thomas Arruda - 2024 - São Paulo: Terra à Vista.
    Cosmovisione è un termine che dovrebbe significare un insieme di fondamenti da cui emerge una comprensione sistemica dell'Universo, delle sue componenti come la vita, il mondo in cui viviamo, la natura, il fenomeno umano e le sue relazioni. Si tratta, quindi, di un campo della filosofia analitica alimentato dalle scienze, il cui obiettivo è questa conoscenza aggregata ed epistemologicamente sostenibile su tutto ciò che siamo e conteniamo, che ci circonda e che in qualche modo si relaziona con noi. È qualcosa (...)
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  2. Environmental Radicalism: Talking About a Revolution.Matthew J. LaVine & Claudia J. Ford - 2023 - Journal for the Study of Radicalism 17 (2):111-148.
    In this article, we advocate for a particular form of environmental radicalism that realizes a revolution in ways of thinking, knowing, and acting in human relationships with ourselves, with others—in multiple senses of the that term—and with the earth. In this endeavor, we join many environmental researchers and activists in calling for a fundamental shift in the terms and enactment of the human relationship to the planet and its natural systems. However, we are convinced that to be successful in halting (...)
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  3. Mobilizing Hope Against Pessimism and Plutocracy.Darrel Moellendorf - 2024 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 27 (1):129-145.
    This paper offers responses to the challenges and questions rasied by the comments of John M. Meyer, Gwen Ottinger, Mark Reiff, and Steve Vanderheiden to my book Mobilizing Hope: Climate Change and Global Poverty. Their concerns are insightful, many, and varied. My reply focuses on the following themes: The relationship between moral concern about climate change and moral concern abut global poverty, the role of hope in responding to climate change, the problem of plutocratic influences in democratic politics and international (...)
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  4. Hope Springs Eternal?Steve Vanderheiden - 2024 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 27 (1):125-128.
    As Darrel Moellendorf observes in Mobilizing Hope, climate change and poverty are intertwined in various ways, including the facts that climate impacts threaten to exacerbate global poverty as well...
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  5. All I Ask of You.Gwen Ottinger - 2024 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 27 (1):112-115.
    Mobilizing Hope asks that we take the eradication of poverty as morally mandatory, that we pursue technological development, and that we act on the belief that it is possible to do both of those things at once. It resolutely does not ask that we redefine prosperity in other-than-economic terms, reconsider the binary between “human” and “nature,” question financialization, colonialism, or other root causes of global poverty, accept qualitatively different lifestyles, or endure painful transitions. While this may seem strategic, I argue (...)
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  6. Thinking about Hope, Vision, and Mobilization with Darrel Moellendorf’s Mobilizing Hope.John M. Meyer - 2024 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 27 (1):108-111.
    Darrel Moellendorf places hope at the core of his call for climate-change vision and action, positing a ‘hopeful vision of a sustainable and prosperous world’ committed to ‘green growth’ – along th...
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  7. Using Synthetic Biology to Avert Runaway Climate Change: A Consequentialist Appraisal.Daniele Fulvi & Josh Wodak - 2024 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 27 (1):89-107.
    We attempt to justify the use of synthetic biology in response to the climate crisis, based on the premise that it is impossible to avert runaway climate change without sequestering sufficient greenhouse gases (GHG), which could only become possible through Negative Emissions Technologies (NETs). Then, moving from a consequentialist standpoint, we acquiesce to how the consequences of using NETs through synthetic biology are preferable to the catastrophic consequences of runaway climate change. In conclusion, we show how our analysis of synthetic (...)
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  8. Understanding Feasibility of Climate Change Goals and Actions.Anna Döhlen Wedin - 2024 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 27 (1):48-62.
    Climate change goals and actions are often discussed with reference to their feasibility. However, in the climate change literature, there is no agreed upon understanding of what feasibility means. In this paper, insights from political philosophy are used to address this problem in a two-fold way. First, different uses of the term feasibility in the climate change context are critically analyzed, surfacing problematic uses that can have severe consequences for what goals or actions are considered. Second, the ‘conditional probability account (...)
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  9. Rationing and Climate Change Mitigation.Nathan Wood, Rob Lawlor & Josie Freear - 2024 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 27 (1):1-29.
    In this paper, we argue that rationing has been neglected as a policy option for mitigating climate change. There is a broad scientific consensus that avoiding the most severe impacts of climate change requires a rapid reduction in global emissions. We argue that rationing could help states reduce emissions rapidly and fairly. Our arguments in this paper draw on economic analysis and historical research into rationing in the UK during (and after) the two world wars, highlighting success stories and correcting (...)
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  10. Accounting for Future Generations in Energy Ethics: The Case for Temporalized Ethical Matrices.Céline Kermisch & Christophe Depaus - 2024 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 27 (1):30-47.
    Accounting for future generations is central in energy ethics and the ethical matrix can be used to reveal ethical impacts on them. However, the way it integrates future generations is questionable. The aim of this paper is to show why this tool does not consider ethical impacts on future generations appropriately and to propose a novel temporalized framework, which characterizes future people according to temporal, spatial and role features. By stimulating the disclosure of intergenerational conflicts, this temporalized matrix provides support (...)
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  11. Synthetic Biology and the Goals of Conservation.Christopher Hunter Lean - forthcoming - Ethics, Policy and Environment.
    The introduction of new genetic material into wild populations, using novel biotechnology, has the potential to fortify populations against existential threats, and, controversially, create wild genetically modified populations. The introduction of new genetic variation into populations, which will have an ongoing future in areas of conservation interest, complicates long-held values in conservation science and park management. I discuss and problematize, in light of genetic intervention, what I consider the three core goals of conservation science: biodiversity, ecosystem services, and wilderness. This (...)
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  12. Another Shake of the Bag: Stefansson and Willners on Offsetting and Risk Imposition.Christian Barry & Garrett Cullity - forthcoming - Ethics, Policy and Environment.
    There is a difference between acting with a probability of making a difference to who is harmed, and worsening someone’s prospect. This difference is relevant to debates about the ethics of offsetting, since it means that showing that emitting-and-offsetting has the first feature is not a way of showing that it has the second feature. In an earlier paper, we illustrate this difference with an example of a lottery in which you shake the bag from which a ball will be (...)
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  13. Nature et abolitionnisme chez Henry David Thoreau.Olivier Provencher - 2023 - Ithaque 1 (33):81–110.
    L’ambition du présent article est de montrer la filiation entre le naturalisme d’Henry David Thoreau et ses positions antiesclavagistes. Je défends que cette filiation se fait voir par la façon dont l’éthique de Thoreau s’appuie sur une certaine conception de la nature et par la manière dont ses vues abolitionnistes découlent de cette éthique. Je fais valoir, plus précisément, que la fuite de Thoreau dans la nature n’est pas seulement, comme le prétend le politologue Malcom Ferdinand, un moyen comme un (...)
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  14. What the Heck Cattle Have to Do with Environmentalism: Rewilding and the Continuous Project of the Human Management of Nature.Eric Katz - forthcoming - Ethics, Policy and Environment.
    In the 1920s and 1930s, an attempt was made to resurrect the aurochs (Bos primigenius primigenius), the extinct wild ancestor of contemporary domestic cattle. The back-bred species that was produced are called ‘Heck cattle’. I argue that the attempt to create the Heck cattle as a form of resurrected aurochs, and their subsequent use in rewilding projects (as in the Oostvaardersplassen in the Netherlands) is a prime example of the continuous human project of the domination of nature. The consideration of (...)
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  15. Stress in Plants : The Hidden Half.Rishikesh Upadhyay - 2023 - United Kingdom: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
    This book, in a comprehensive manner, provides an overview of the challenges of increasing crop or agricultural productivity to meet the demands of a growing population, linking descriptions of physiological, ecological, biochemical and molecular activity in plants with their tolerance and adaptation to natural environments. In the case of plants, a stress is an adverse condition or substance that affects or blocks a plant’s metabolism, growth, or development. The threat to productivity in crops and agriculture due to these stresses cannot (...)
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  16. Dalia Nassar. Romantic Empiricism.Fraser Gray - 2023 - Environmental Philosophy 20 (2):338-342.
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  17. Zoltán Boldizsár Simon. The Epochal Event.Forrest Clingerman - 2023 - Environmental Philosophy 20 (2):343-345.
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  18. Simon P. James. How Nature Matters.Tom Greaves - 2023 - Environmental Philosophy 20 (2):333-337.
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  19. Henry Dicks. The Biomimicry Revolution.Alessio Gerola - 2023 - Environmental Philosophy 20 (2):324-328.
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  20. Luke Fischer and David Macauley, eds. The Seasons: Philosophical, Literary, and Environmental Perspectives.T. T. Wright - 2023 - Environmental Philosophy 20 (2):329-332.
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  21. Dipesh Chakrabarty. One Planet, Many Worlds.Joshua Jones - 2023 - Environmental Philosophy 20 (2):319-323.
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  22. On the Concept of Independent Nature.J. Michael Scoville - 2023 - Environmental Philosophy 20 (2):237-265.
    Multiple concepts of nature are at play in environmental theory and practice. One that has gripped several theorists is the idea of nature as referring to that which is independent of humans and human activity. This concept has been subject to forceful criticism, notably in the recent work of Steven Vogel. After clarifying problematic and promising ways of charac­terizing independent nature, I engage Vogel’s critique. While the critique is compelling in certain respects, I argue that it fails to appreciate what (...)
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  23. From the Dialectic of Power to the Posthumanist Sublime.Chad Córdova - 2023 - Environmental Philosophy 20 (2):215-236.
    This essay rereads the Kantian sublime both as an epitome of humanism and as a lesson for posthumanist thought. First, I unfold “On the Dynamically Sublime” as a failed dialectic in which “reason” seeks to sublate the power of “nature.” But Kant’s sublime is irreducible to the “Analytic,” I argue: it exemplifies a quasi-dialectical relation between human and nonhuman that recurs across the third Critique and defines its humanist teleology as a whole. Rereading Kant against that telos, and heeding the (...)
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  24. The Existential Threat of Climate Change.Johanna Oksala - 2023 - Environmental Philosophy 20 (2):191-214.
    The article analyzes the experience of climate anxiety. The investigation is phenomenological in the sense that I will attempt to show that contemporary climate anxiety has a distinctive structure and philosophical meaning, which make it different from both psychological anxiety and existential anxiety, as commonly understood. I will also draw out the consequences of my phenomenological analysis for climate politics. My contention is that forms of prefigurative climate politics can respond to the profound disorientation and apathy regarding our future and (...)
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  25. On the Dubious Merit of Ontologizing Bohr.Robert Booth - 2023 - Environmental Philosophy 20 (2):289-318.
    Despite thinking that an appropriately nonanthropocentric approach to the more-than-human world requires understanding phenomena to be ontologically basic, Karen Barad engages with phenomenology only fleetingly. Here, I suggest that Barad ought to take Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology more seriously for two reasons. First, Barad’s objections to his prospects for a suitably nonanthropocentric phenomenology rely upon a misdirected charge of representationalism. Second, Merleau-Ponty offers theoretical and methodological tools corrective to our tendencies toward metaphysical and behavioral colonialism which align with Barad’s project, yet, (...)
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  26. Of Imaginaries, Places, and Fences.Jared L. Talley - 2023 - Environmental Philosophy 20 (2):267-287.
    We are in places. Some places beckon us, some are to be avoided, and some are banal. However, this emplacement urges reflection. In this essay I consider the role of place in environmental experiences, beginning with analysis of the concepts of place and space that motivate the development of four environmental imaginaries (extractive, wilderness, managed, and reciprocal). Ultimately, through a discussion of fences, I aim to show how place-meanings are materially inscribed on the landscape while evidencing the value of place-based (...)
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  27. Justice for Animals: Our Collective Responsibility Justice for Animals: Our Collective Responsibility, by Martha Nussbaum, 2023, Published by Simon & Schuster, 400 pp., $28.99 (Hardback), ISBN 978-1982102500. [REVIEW]Ronald Sandler, Ryan Baylon & Anya Ghai - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (3):496-500.
    In Justice for Animals: Our Collective Responsibility Martha Nussbaum applies her capabilities approach (CA) to justice to non-human sentient animals (hereafter animals). The book is very much an e...
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  28. How Might Stoic Virtue Ethics Inform Sustainable Clothing Choices?Kai Whiting, Edward Simpson, Angeles Carrasco, Aldo Dinucci & Leonidas Konstantakos - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (3):455-473.
    This paper explores sustainable fashion choices from a Stoic philosophical perspective. Ancient Stoic teachings can help us reexamine our relationship with clothes in the 21st century and provide direction for the considerable number of people that are influenced by contemporary Stoicism. Stoicism provides a clear justification for sustainable living, given its call to live in harmony with Nature. Given the environmental facts, contemporary Stoics would do well to reduce the size of their wardrobe to what is necessary and functional. They (...)
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  29. The Motivation Problem: Jamieson, Gardiner, and the Institutional Barriers to Climate Responsibility.Tim Christion - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (3):387-405.
    After decades of institutional failure to address climate change, the need for ethically-motivated collective action is clear. It is equally clear that this issue is not widely perceived as an ethical problem. As founders of climate ethics research, Dale Jamieson and Stephen Gardiner offer compelling accounts to explain why. Nevertheless, questions of ethical motivation in the face of institutional failure arguably mark an impasse in these otherwise essential contributions. This essay identifies the philosophical limits of Jamieson and Gardiner’s accounts of (...)
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  30. Does Wilderness Matter in the Anthropocene? Resolving a Fundamental Dilemma About the Role of Wilderness in 21 st Century Conservation.Patrick Kelly & Peter Landres - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (3):422-437.
    Should wilderness be understood as primarily untrammeled or primarily natural? In this paper, we examine the conceptual and philosophical roots of untrammeled and natural in the context of the 1964 Wilderness Act and show how in some situations tension can arise between them, leading to a stewardship dilemma and subsequent debate over the future conservation role of wilderness. After showing that this debate is ultimately rooted in a false dichotomy, we offer a conceptual framework that presents managers with the tools (...)
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  31. The Social Cost of Carbon, Abatement Costs, and Individual Climate Duties.Colin Hickey - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (3):474-491.
    In this paper I examine the relation between Social Cost of Carbon (SCC) estimates, abatement cost analyses, and individual climate duties. I first highlight the stakes that SCC and abatement cost estimates potentially have for the content of individual duties to either pay the full or fair cost of their carbon emissions, or offset the volume of their emissions. I survey four methodological options (a minimalist approach, a precautionary approach, an averaging approach, and what I call a ‘sufficiency-bounded’ precautionary approach) (...)
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  32. Exploitation: A Missing Element to Our Understanding of Environmental Justice.Christopher H. Pearson - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (3):374-386.
    Environmental justice crucially depends on issues of distributive justice. However, absent from philosophical examinations of environmental justice has been careful consideration of the role exploitation should occupy in our moral evaluations of some cases the initially present as instances of environmental injustice. This paper seeks to both motivate the importance of understanding the significance exploitation has in select cases of environmental justice, as well as provide a conceptual framework for how to assess the ethics of those cases.
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  33. Irreplaceable Goods: Bridging Sustainability and Intergenerational Sufficientarianism.Rita Vasconcellos Oliveira - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (3):438-454.
    In 1987, the Brundtland Commission urged nations to improve present conditions without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Against the background of this appeal for sustainable development, there is a call for intergenerational justice, under a sufficientarian framework. Despite their strong relation, we claim that, to some degree, intergenerational sufficientarianism disregards relevant sustainability notions. This neglect undermines intergenerational sufficientarianism in the context of sustainability, here operationalized as sustainable development. In response, we propose the concept of irreplaceable (...)
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  34. Mobilizing Hope _Mobilizing Hope_ , by Darrel Moellendorf, Oxford University Press, 2022, 248 pp., £22, ISBN: 9780190875619. [REVIEW]Alex McLaughlin - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (3):492-496.
    If we are to have a chance of limiting climate change to 1.5C, the production of energy through fossil fuels must be rapidly reduced and then ceased altogether. The problem is that urgent poverty a...
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  35. Water Justice as Socioenvironmental Justice.Cameron Fioret - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (3):406-421.
    Humanity will face water scarcity as this century progresses. Water use grew twice as fast as the global human population last century, and an increasing number of regions around the world are facing, or will face, freshwater scarcity. Four billion people face water scarcity at least one month out of the year. Scarcity makes water valuable for privatizers and commodifiers as an investment vehicle; it emboldens the currency of commodification. I will argue for water justice as socioenvironmental justice. The injustices (...)
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  36. Towards an Ethic of Ecological Resilience.Felipe Bravo-Osorio - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (3):359-373.
    In this paper I use the concept of ecological resilience as a basis for a moral approach to the environment. Particularly, I propose a reformulation of Leopold'ss moral principle, central to ecocentrism, through the lense of ecological resilience. I will do this by, first, reviewing the main assumptions of ecocentrism and resilience ethics. I will then focus on the concept of resilience and its philosophical description, and I will try to further develop resilience ethics by reformulating the resilience principle and (...)
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  37. How to Blow Up a Pipeline How to Blow Up a Pipeline, by Andreas Malm, Polity, 2021.Chris Armstrong - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):351-353.
    The central problem Andreas Malm’s engaging new book grapples with is the climate movement’s ongoing failure to bring about radical emissions cuts. New coal mines are still being built, and this su...
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  38. Beyond ‘Native V. Alien’: Critiques of the Native/alien Paradigm in the Anthropocene, and Their Implications.Charles R. Warren - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):287-317.
    Classifying species as ‘native’ or ‘alien’ carries prescriptive force in the valuation and management of ‘nature’. But the classification itself and its application are contested, raising philosophical and geographical questions about place, space, rights, identity and belonging. This paper discusses leading critiques of the native/alien paradigm, including its conceptual fluidity, dichotomous rigidity and ethical difficulties, as well as the incendiary charge of xenophobia. It argues that valorizing ‘native nature’ as inherently the ‘best nature’ is not only obsolete but impracticable in (...)
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  39. Reducing Wild Animal Suffering Effectively: Why Impracticability and Normative Objections Fail Against the Most Promising Ways of Helping Wild Animals.Oscar Horta & Dayron Teran - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):217-230.
    This paper presents some of the most promising ways wild animals are currently being helped, as well as other ways of helping that may be implemented easily in the near future. They include measures to save animals affected by harmful weather events, wild animal vaccination programs, and projects aimed at reducing suffering among synanthropic animals. The paper then presents other ways of helping wild animals that, while noncontroversial, may reduce aggregate suffering at the ecosystem level. The paper argues that impracticability (...)
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  40. On the Horns of a Dilemma: Let the Northern White Rhino Vanish or Intervene?Craig Callender - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):318-332.
    Two females, Nadine and Fatu, are the sole surviving Northern White Rhinos (NWR). The subspecies is functionally extinct. Hope for NWR now lies in emerging reproductive and genetic technologies, which could potentially produce NWR from induced pluripotent stem cells. What is the rationale for this project? This question raises almost every philosophical issue facing conservation science today. I argue that NWR recovery is hard to justify via many traditional paths (e.g., historical fidelity, ecosystem health, biodiversity), but if we shift focus (...)
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  41. Ecological Zoos and the Limits of the Public Trust Doctrine.Derek Halm - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):333-350.
    The Public Trust Doctrine is the key normative premise for American wildlife management. Current interpretations suggest that natural resources, such as game species or all wildlife, are owned by the state and held in trust for the public. I argue that using the doctrine as a normative principle biases decisions in favour of consumptive uses of organisms, contrary to the field’s stated goals to employ an ecumenical normative foundation. I use the Red Cliffs Desert Reserve in Utah as a case (...)
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  42. Wild Animal Ethics: A Freedom-Based Approach.Eze Paez - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):159-178.
    On expectation, most wild animals have lives of net suffering due to naturogenic causes. Some have claimed that concern for their well-being gives us reasons to intervene in nature on their behalf. Against this, it has been said that many interventions to assist wild animals would be wrong, even if successful, because they would violate their freedom. According to the Freedom-based Approach I defend in this paper, this view is misguided. Concern for wild animal freedom does indeed gives us reasons (...)
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  43. Vulnerability and the Ethics of Environmental Enhancement.Catia Faria - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):179-197.
    In this paper, following the taxonomy developed by Mackenzie, Rogers and Dodds of different sources and states of vulnerability, I claim that wild animals are inherently and situationally vulnerable. This is because they can experience suffering as a response to certain internal and external states and have a high exposure to, and a low capacity to cope with, harmful natural processes. From this it follows that we have a moral obligation to support and assist individuals who are occurrently vulnerable and (...)
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  44. Positive Duties to Wild Animals: Introduction.Kyle Johannsen - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):153-158.
    This paper is the introduction to a collection I guest-edited called Positive Duties to Wild Animals. The collection contains single-authored contributions from Catia Faria, Josh Milburn, Eze Paez, and Jeff Sebo; and co-authored contributions from Mara-Daria Cojocaru and Alasdair Cochrane, and Oscar Horta and Dayrón Terán. It was published as a special issue of Ethics, Policy and Environment.
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  45. How to Blow Up a Pipeline: by Andreas Malm, Polity, 2021. [REVIEW]Chris Armstrong - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):351-353.
    The central problem Andreas Malm’s engaging new book grapples with is the climate movement’s ongoing failure to bring about radical emissions cuts. New coal mines are still being built, and this su...
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  46. Uniting Ecocentric and Animal Ethics: Combining Non-Anthropocentric Approaches in Conservation and the Care of Domestic Animals.Helen Kopnina, Joe Gray, William Lynn, Anja Heister & Raghav Srivastava - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):265-286.
    Currently, there is no non-anthropocentric guide to the practice of nature conservation and the treatment of invasive species and domestic animals. In examining the so-called ‘ecocentric’ and ‘animal’ ethics, we highlight some differences between them, and argue that the basic aspiration for support of all nonhuman life needs to be retained. We maintain that hierarchies of value need to be flexible, establishing basic principles and then weighing up the options in the context of anthropocentrism, industrial development and human population growth. (...)
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  47. Wishful Thinking vs. Hopeful Action: Response to Diehm on American Chestnut Restoration. [REVIEW]Evelyn Brister & Andrew E. Newhouse - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):354-358.
    Christian Diehm has argued against using a genetically modified American chestnut variety in forest restoration. He is concerned that a GM variety sets a bad precedent and is disrespectful toward nature. He is also concerned that not enough has been done to consult with Native American tribes. We give evidence that consultation with tribes, environmental organizations, and the public is valuable and necessary – and that there is support for the GM chestnut. Genetic modification that saves a species from functional (...)
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  48. Solidarity with Wild Animals.Mara-Daria Cojocaru & Alasdair Cochrane - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):198-216.
    ABSTRACT‘Solidarity’ is a key concept in political movements and usually bears on matters of labour, health and social justice. As such, it is essential in the reproduction and transformation of communities that support their members and protect their interests. It is sometimes overlooked that interspecies solidarity already pertains with a number of domesticated animals, and that people are willing to carry substantial emotional, financial and social burdens to benefit them. There has been even more reluctance to acknowledge wild animals as (...)
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  49. The Rebugnant Conclusion: Utilitarianism, Insects, Microbes, and AI Systems. [REVIEW]Jeff Sebo - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):249-264.
    This paper considers questions that small animals and AI systems raise for utilitarianism. Specifically, if these beings have more welfare than humans and other large animals, then utilitarianism implies that we should prioritize them, all else equal. This could lead to a ‘rebugnant conclusion’, according to which we should, say, create large populations of small animals rather than small populations of large animals. It could also lead to a ‘Pascal’s bugging’, according to which we should, say, prioritize large populations of (...)
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  50. Welcoming, Wild Animals, and Obligations to Assist.Josh Milburn - 2023 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 26 (2):231-248.
    What we could call ‘relational non-interventionism’ holds that we have no general obligation to alleviate animal suffering, and that we do not typically have special obligations to alleviate wild animals’ suffering. Therefore, we do not generally have a duty to intervene in nature to alleviate wild animal suffering. However, there are a range of relationships that we may have with wild animals that do generate special obligations to aid – and the consequences of these obligations can be surprising. In this (...)
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