Results for ' standard conception'

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  1.  6
    Anmeldelse: Jens Hebor: The Standard Conception as Genuine Quantum Realism.David Favrholdt - 2006 - Res Cogitans 3 (1).
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  2.  12
    The Counsel of Rogues?: A Defence of the Standard Conception of the Lawyer's Role.Tim Dare - 2009 - Routledge.
    There is a widespread perception that even when lawyers are acting squarely within their roles, being good lawyers, they display the vices of dishonesty and deviousness. At the heart of the perception is the so called standard conception of the lawyer's role according to which lawyers owe special duties to their clients which render permissible, or even mandatory, acts that would otherwise count as morally impermissible. Many have concluded that the standard conception should be set aside. (...)
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  3.  69
    Jens Hebor, The standard conception as genuine quantum realism, University Press of Southern Denmark, Odense (2005) 231 pp., US $40, 225 kr., ISBN: 8778388481. [REVIEW]H. Groover - 2007 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 38 (4):983-986.
  4. Back to basics, and beyond belief : the radical re-valuation project of the new standard conception.Rob Atkinson - 2023 - In Julian S. Webb (ed.), Leading works in legal ethics. New York, NY: Routledge.
     
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  5. Justice, post-retirement shame, and the failure of the standard conception of lawyers' roles.Justin Oakley - unknown
     
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  6.  24
    Developments in Brain Death: Challenges to the standard concept.David Lamb - 2003 - New Review of Bioethics 1 (1):159-168.
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  7.  11
    The Standard Analytic Conception of Knowledge.Stephen Hetherington - 2011 - In How to Know: A Practicalist Conception of Knowledge. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 1–25.
    This chapter contains sections titled: ‘Knowing is a Belief State (or Something Similar)’ ‘Knowledge is Well Supported’ ‘Knowledge is Absolute’ ‘Knowing Includes not being Gettiered’ ‘Knowledge‐that is Fundamentally Theoretical, not Knowledge‐how’ The Standard Analytic Conception of Knowledge Prima Facie Core Problems.
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  8.  49
    Putnam's model-theoretic argument, natural realism, and the standard conception of theories.Gregory Landini - 1987 - Philosophical Papers 16 (3):209-233.
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  9.  37
    A review of T Dare, The Counsel of Rogues? A Defence of the Standard Conception of the Lawyer's Role. [REVIEW]Duncan Webb - 2009 - Legal Ethics 12 (2):249-257.
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  10. Gendered Concepts and Hume's Standard of Taste.Carolyn Korsmeyer - 1995 - In Peg Zeglin Brand Weiser & Carolyn Korsmeyer (eds.), Feminism and Tradition in Aesthetics. Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 49-65.
    Feminist scholarship has awakened us to the suspicion that such reliance on "common human nature" renders philosophical concepts not neutral and universal, as Hume believed, but heavily inflected by models of ideal masculinity that inform discussions of human nature. One purpose of this essay is to extend this line of thought by elucidating the idea of gendered concepts. By this phrase I refer to concepts that, lacking any obvious reference to males or females, or to masculinity or femininity, nevertheless are (...)
     
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  11.  45
    The best interest standard and children: clarifying a concept and responding to its critics.Johan Christiaan Bester - 2019 - Journal of Medical Ethics 45 (2):117-124.
    This work clarifies the role of the best interest standard (BIS) as ethical principle in the medical care of children. It relates the BIS to the ethical framework of medical practice. The BIS is shown to be a general principle in medical ethics, providing grounding to prima facie obligations. The foundational BIS of Kopelman and Buchanan and Brock are reviewed and shown to be in agreement with the BIS here defended. Critics describe the BIS as being too demanding, narrow, (...)
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  12.  5
    The Golden Standard of Concepts with Necessary Conditions and the Concept of Law.Enrique Cáceres Nieto - 2012 - Problema. Anuario de Filosofía y Teoria Del Derecho 1 (6):39-50.
    In this paper I argue against the thesis defended by Michael Giudice, who claims that it is possible to provide a concept of law by determining the necessary conditions of its essence. My main thesis is: 1) that this goal can exclusively be reached with certain kind of concepts: those satisfying what I propose to call:“Golden Standard of Concepts with Necessary Conditions” and 2) that the concept of “Law” is not such a concept. Therefore I defendmethodological pluralism in opposition (...)
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  13.  80
    The naturalist conception of methodological standards in science: A critique.Gerald Doppelt - 1990 - Philosophy of Science 57 (1):1-19.
    In this essay, I criticize Laudan's view that methodological rules in science are best understood as hypothetical imperatives, for example, to realize cognitive aim A, follow method B. I criticize his idea that such rules are best evaluated by a naturalized philosophy of science which collects the empirical evidence bearing on the soundness of these rules. My claim is that this view yields a poor explanation of (1) the role of methodological rules in establishing the rationality of scientific practices, (2) (...)
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  14.  24
    The concept standard.Anne Mary Nicholson - 1910 - [New York,: AMS Press.
  15.  36
    The Conception of eoikōs/eikōs as Epistemic Standard in Xenophanes, Parmenides, and in Plato’s Timaeus.Alexander P. Mourelatos - 2014 - Ancient Philosophy 34 (1):169-191.
  16.  23
    Journalistic standards in nineteenth-century America/media hoaxes/the watchdog concept: The press and the courts in nineteenth-century America (book).John P. Ferre - 1991 - Journal of Mass Media Ethics 6 (3):182 – 187.
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  17.  18
    Towards a new standard model of concepts?Christian Michel - forthcoming - Philosophical Psychology.
    Guy Dove’s book is about the puzzle of how our minds can represent and process abstract concepts. Abstract concepts have posed a problem for the influential view of the embodied mind and grounded c...
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  18. A forgotten concept: global citizenship education and state social studies standards.Anatoli Rapoport - 2009 - Journal of Social Studies Research 33 (1).
     
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  19. Non-standard models in a broader perspective.Haim Gaifman - manuscript
    Non-standard models were introduced by Skolem, first for set theory, then for Peano arithmetic. In the former, Skolem found support for an anti-realist view of absolutely uncountable sets. But in the latter he saw evidence for the impossibility of capturing the intended interpretation by purely deductive methods. In the history of mathematics the concept of a nonstandard model is new. An analysis of some major innovations–the discovery of irrationals, the use of negative and complex numbers, the modern concept of (...)
     
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  20. Three concepts of decidability for general subsets of uncountable spaces.Matthew W. Parker - 2003 - Theoretical Computer Science 351 (1):2-13.
    There is no uniquely standard concept of an effectively decidable set of real numbers or real n-tuples. Here we consider three notions: decidability up to measure zero [M.W. Parker, Undecidability in Rn: Riddled basins, the KAM tori, and the stability of the solar system, Phil. Sci. 70(2) (2003) 359–382], which we abbreviate d.m.z.; recursive approximability [or r.a.; K.-I. Ko, Complexity Theory of Real Functions, Birkhäuser, Boston, 1991]; and decidability ignoring boundaries [d.i.b.; W.C. Myrvold, The decision problem for entanglement, in: (...)
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  21.  19
    Comparison of Standard Student Performance When Science Study is Organized Around Typical Concepts Versus Local Issues.Robert E. Yager - 1989 - Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 9 (2-3):171-181.
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  22.  32
    Loeb’s “Standard” Questions about Hume’s Concept of Probable Truth.Don Garrett - 2014 - Hume Studies 40 (2):279-300.
    It is an honor to receive such extensive comments from Louis Loeb, whose work I admire and from whom I have learned much. In particular, his landmark 2002 book, Stability and Justification in Hume’s “Treatise” and his 2010 collection of essays, Reflection and the Stability of Belief: Essays on Descartes, Hume, and Reid are essential reading for anyone who wants to understand early modern epistemology. Some of what I have learned from him is reflected in the book on which he (...)
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  23.  39
    The Standard Account of Moral Distress and Why We Should Keep It.Joan McCarthy & Settimio Monteverde - 2018 - HEC Forum 30 (4):319-328.
    In the last three decades, considerable theoretical and empirical research has been undertaken on the topic of moral distress among health professionals. Understood as a psychological and emotional response to the experience of moral wrongdoing, there is evidence to suggest that—if unaddressed—it contributes to staff demoralization, desensitization and burnout and, ultimately, to lower standards of patient safety and quality of care. However, more recently, the concept of moral distress has been subjected to important criticisms. Specifically, some authors argue that the (...)
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  24. The Concept of Accountability in AI Ethics and Governance.Theodore Lechterman - 2023 - In Justin B. Bullock, Yu-Che Chen, Johannes Himmelreich, Valerie M. Hudson, Anton Korinek, Matthew M. Young & Baobao Zhang (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of AI Governance. Oxford University Press.
    Calls to hold artificial intelligence to account are intensifying. Activists and researchers alike warn of an “accountability gap” or even a “crisis of accountability” in AI. Meanwhile, several prominent scholars maintain that accountability holds the key to governing AI. But usage of the term varies widely in discussions of AI ethics and governance. This chapter begins by disambiguating some different senses and dimensions of accountability, distinguishing it from neighboring concepts, and identifying sources of confusion. It proceeds to explore the idea (...)
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  25.  35
    The definition of adequate care in externally sponsored clinical trials: The terminological controversy about the concept “standard of care”.Hans-Jörg Ehni - 2006 - Science and Engineering Ethics 12 (1):123-130.
    The treatment of the control group in externally sponsored clinical trials is the issue of one of the most heated debates in international research ethics. The paradigmatic cases are the mother-to-child HIV-transmission trials that took place in 16 developing countries in 1997, where the control group received a placebo while proven treatment was available in industrialized countries. From this circumstance results the controversy as to whether the sponsor and researchers of externally sponsored trials have to supply a treatment that is (...)
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  26.  35
    Genes in labs - concepts of development and the standard environment.Christoph Rehmann-Sutter - 2006 - Philosophia Naturalis 43 (1):49-73.
    The relationship of genes, genomes, the organism and the environment where development takes place can be explained in two dramatically different ways. The two views are characterized as ,,program theory' and ,,systemic theory' of DNA. The first assumes that genetic information is encoded in DNA and preexists development. Environmental influences are treated as conditions for adequate gene expression, sometimes as selective conditions for different developmental pathways. The second assumes that genetic information that makes a difference in development is generated in (...)
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  27.  3
    The mental age concept and the standardization of group tests.G. H. Thomson - 1928 - Psychological Review 35 (5):398-413.
  28.  52
    Challenging Standard Distinctions between Science and Technology: The Case of Preparative Chemistry.Joachim Schummer - 1997 - Hyle 3 (1):81 - 94.
    Part I presents a quantitative-empirical outline of chemistry, esp. preparative chemistry, concerning its dominant role in today's science, its dynamics, and its methods and aims. Emphasis is laid on the poietical character of chemistry for which a methodological model is derived. Part II discusses standard distinction between science and technology, from Aristotle (whose theses are reconsidered in the light of modern sciences) to modern philosophy of technology. Against the background of results of Part I, it is argued that all (...)
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  29.  45
    Setting standards for empirical bioethics research: a response to Carter and Cribb.Michael Dunn, Jonathan Ives, Bert Molewijk & Jan Schildmann - 2018 - BMC Medical Ethics 19 (1):66.
    This paper responds to the commentaries from Stacy Carter and Alan Cribb. We pick up on two main themes in our response. First, we reflect on how the process of setting standards for empirical bioethics research entails drawing boundaries around what research counts as empirical bioethics research, and we discuss whether the standards agreed in the consensus process draw these boundaries correctly. Second, we expand on the discussion in the original paper of the role and significance of the concept of (...)
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  30.  45
    Standard circumstances and vital goals: Comments on venkatapuram's critique.Lennart Nordenfelt - 2012 - Bioethics 27 (5):280-284.
    This article is a reply to Venkatapuram's critique in his article Health, Vital Goals, Capabilities, this volume. I take issue mainly with three critical points put forward by Venkatapuram with regard to my theory of health. (1) I deny that the contents of my vital goals are relative to each community or context, as Venkatapuram claims. There is no conceptual connection at all between standard circumstances and vital goals, as I understand these concepts. (2) Venkatapuram notes that I stop (...)
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  31. Comparing First-Year Engineering Student Conceptions of Ethical Decision-Making to Performance on Standardized Assessments of Ethical Reasoning.Richard T. Cimino, Scott C. Streiner, Daniel D. Burkey, Michael F. Young, Landon Bassett & Joshua B. Reed - 2024 - Science and Engineering Ethics 30 (3):1-21.
    The Defining Issues Test 2 (DIT-2) and Engineering Ethical Reasoning Instrument (EERI) are designed to measure ethical reasoning of general (DIT-2) and engineering-student (EERI) populations. These tools—and the DIT-2 especially—have gained wide usage for assessing the ethical reasoning of undergraduate students. This paper reports on a research study in which the ethical reasoning of first-year undergraduate engineering students at multiple universities was assessed with both of these tools. In addition to these two instruments, students were also asked to create personal (...)
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  32.  30
    Moral standards in managerial decisions: In search of a comprehensive theoretical framework.Marcos Luís Procópio - 2018 - Business Ethics: A European Review 28 (2):261-274.
    Although ethical decision‐making theory has evolved over the years, within the field of management, research still revolves around James Rest’s (1986) four‐step framework, dominated by a positivist epistemology and a quantitative methodology. Given that currently there is a call for a theoretical, epistemological, and methodological renovation for the enlargement and enrichment of knowledge about how decisions are morally made in organizations, this paper has a double aim. First, by showing the models’ main flaws and limitations, it critically assesses the prominent (...)
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  33.  79
    Standards of practice in empirical bioethics research: towards a consensus.Jonathan Ives, Michael Dunn, Bert Molewijk, Jan Schildmann, Kristine Bærøe, Lucy Frith, Richard Huxtable, Elleke Landeweer, Marcel Mertz, Veerle Provoost, Annette Rid, Sabine Salloch, Mark Sheehan, Daniel Strech, Martine de Vries & Guy Widdershoven - 2018 - BMC Medical Ethics 19 (1):68.
    This paper responds to the commentaries from Stacy Carter and Alan Cribb. We pick up on two main themes in our response. First, we reflect on how the process of setting standards for empirical bioethics research entails drawing boundaries around what research counts as empirical bioethics research, and we discuss whether the standards agreed in the consensus process draw these boundaries correctly. Second, we expand on the discussion in the original paper of the role and significance of the concept of (...)
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  34. The standard model as a philosophical challenge.Edward MacKinnon - 2008 - Philosophy of Science 75 (4):447-457.
    There are two opposing traditions in contemporary quantum field theory (QFT). Mainstream Lagrangian QFT led to and supports the standard model of particle interactions. Algebraic QFT seeks to provide a rigorous consistent mathematical foundation for field theory, but cannot accommodate the local gauge interactions of the standard model. Interested philosophers face a choice. They can accept algebraic QFT on the grounds of mathematical consistency and general accord with the semantic conception of theory interpretation. This suggests a rejection (...)
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  35. Validity Concepts in Proof-theoretic Semantics.Peter Schroeder-Heister - 2006 - Synthese 148 (3):525-571.
    The standard approach to what I call “proof-theoretic semantics”, which is mainly due to Dummett and Prawitz, attempts to give a semantics of proofs by defining what counts as a valid proof. After a discussion of the general aims of proof-theoretic semantics, this paper investigates in detail various notions of proof-theoretic validity and offers certain improvements of the definitions given by Prawitz. Particular emphasis is placed on the relationship between semantic validity concepts and validity concepts used in normalization theory. (...)
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  36.  6
    Standards of philosophical rationality: traditions and modern times.Zbigniew Drozdowicz - 2013 - Zürich: Lit.
    This book focuses on the standards of philosophical rationality, corresponding to a philosophy that aspires to be more than the wisdom that stems from and addresses everyday human needs. It is a search for standards that would, as it were, show the way to philosophical wisdom for anyone who is willing and able to assess it. One of the problems is that people have had a different understanding of the basic concept of rationality, which is the rationale. (Series: Development in (...)
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  37.  58
    The standard ontological framework of cognitive neuroscience: Some lessons from Broca’s area.Marco Viola & Elia Zanin - 2017 - Philosophical Psychology 30 (7):945-969.
    Since cognitive neuroscience aims at giving an integrated account of mind and brain, its ontology should include both neural and cognitive entities and specify their relations. According to what we call the standard ontological framework of cognitive neuroscience, the aim of cognitive neuroscience should be to establish one-to-one mappings between neural and cognitive entities. Where such entities do not yet closely align, this can be achieved by reforming the cognitive ontology, the neural ontology, or both. In order to assess (...)
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  38.  23
    The concept of physical law.Norman Swartz - 1985 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    The Concept of Physical Law is an original and creative defense of the Regularity theory of physical law, the concept that physical laws are nothing more than descriptions of whatever universal truths happen to be instanced in nature. Professor Swartz clearly identifies and analyzes the arguments and intuitions of the opposing Necessitarian theory, and argues that the standard objection to the Regularity theory turns on a mistaken view of what Regularists mean by 'physical impossibility'; that it is impossible to (...)
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  39.  61
    Relative Versus Absolute Standards for Everyday Risk in Adolescent HIV Prevention Trials: Expanding the Debate.Jeremy Snyder, Cari L. Miller & Glenda Gray - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (6):5 - 13.
    The concept of minimal risk has been used to regulate and limit participation by adolescents in clinical trials. It can be understood as setting an absolute standard of what risks are considered minimal or it can be interpreted as relative to the actual risks faced by members of the host community for the trial. While commentators have almost universally opposed a relative interpretation of the environmental risks faced by potential adolescent trial participants, we argue that the ethical concerns against (...)
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  40.  31
    Higher Standards of Validity Evidence are Needed in the Measurement of Emotional Intelligence.Andrew Maul - 2012 - Emotion Review 4 (4):411-412.
    MacCann, Matthews, and Roberts (2012) and Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso (2012) have offered responses to my evaluation of the validity of the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) as a measure of emotional intelligence. MacCann et al. argue that my standards for validity evidence are unrealistically high, but their argument mistakenly supposes that the concept of measurement is somehow relative, rather than absolute. Mayer et al. offer valuable clarifications regarding their emotional intelligence (EI) model, and some new evidence of its correlates. (...)
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  41.  61
    Epistemic Standards: High Hopes and Low Expectations.Erik Stei - 2016 - In Martin Grajner & Pedro Schmechtig (eds.), Epistemic Reasons, Norms and Goals. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 185-198.
    The notion of epistemic standards has gained prominence in the literature on the semantics of knowledge ascriptions. Defenders of Epistemic Contextualism claim that in certain scenarios the truth value of a knowledge-ascribing sentence of the form “S knows p (at t)”—where S is an epistemic subject and p is a proposition S is said to know at time t—can change even if S, p and t are assigned constant values. This sort of variability, contextualists claim, is due to the epistemic (...)
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  42.  8
    A concept analysis of misconduct: Application to nursing education.Said Al Abrawi - 2024 - Nursing Ethics 31 (1):89-100.
    Background Behavior is known as misconduct when individuals do not adhere to ethical standards, rules, or regulations. Several factors lead to misconduct, including the lack of understanding of what misconduct is among undergraduate students. However, misconduct as a concept needs more clarity and specificity. Objective This study aimed to examine the concept of misconduct from the literature and establish an operational definition for application to nursing education. Research design A concept analysis using Rodger’s evolutionary view was used to analyze the (...)
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  43. Ontocommons in the standardization environment.Barry Smith & Rita Giuffrida - 2022 - OntoCommons.
    Ontologies and standards are strongly interrelated and can often be seen as two sides of the same coin. Indeed, standards reflect consensus on the semantics of terms, though different standards might employ different ways to explain the same or very similar concepts semantically. Given the crucial role played by both aspects in OntoCommons, we have interviewed Barry Smith, SUNY Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at the University at Buffalo and one of the External Advisory Board (EAB) members of the OntoCommons project, (...)
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  44. ‘Learning How Not to Be Good’: Machiavelli and the Standard Dirty Hands Thesis.Demetris Tillyris - 2015 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 18 (1):61-74.
    ‘It is necessary to a Prince to learn how not to be good’. This quotation from Machiavelli’s The Prince has become the mantra of the standard dirty hands thesis. Despite its infamy, it features proudly in most conventional expositions of the dirty hands problem, including Michael Walzer’s original analysis. In this paper, I wish to cast a doubt as to whether the standard conception of the problem of DH—the recognition that, in certain inescapable and tragic circumstances an (...)
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  45.  30
    Shared Standards versus Competitive Pressures in Journalism.Lisa Herzog - 2022 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 39 (3):393-406.
    Democratic societies need media that uphold journalistic standards of truthfulness and objectivity. But sensationalism has always been a temptation for journalists, and given the intense competition between news outlets, especially in the online world, there is pressure on them to ‘chase the clicks’. The article analyzes the incentive structures for journalists – focusing on the harmfulness of sensationalist framing as an example – and the challenges of establishing shared standards in a highly competitive online environment. Drawing on concepts and arguments (...)
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  46. Rough Standard Neutrosophic Sets: An Application on Standard Neutrosophic Information Systems.Nguyen Xuan Thao, Bui Cong Cuong & Florentin Smarandache - 2016 - Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 14:80-92.
    A rough fuzzy set is the result of the approximation of a fuzzy set with respect to a crisp approximation space. It is a mathematical tool for the knowledge discovery in the fuzzy information systems. In this paper, we introduce the concepts of rough standard neutrosophic sets and standard neutrosophic information system, and give some results of the knowledge discovery on standard neutrosophic information system based on rough standard neutrosophic sets.
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  47. The Reasonable and the Relevant: Legal Standards of Proof.Georgi Gardiner - 2019 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 47 (3):288-318.
    According to a common conception of legal proof, satisfying a legal burden requires establishing a claim to a numerical threshold. Beyond reasonable doubt, for example, is often glossed as 90% or 95% likelihood given the evidence. Preponderance of evidence is interpreted as meaning at least 50% likelihood given the evidence. In light of problems with the common conception, I propose a new ‘relevant alternatives’ framework for legal standards of proof. Relevant alternative accounts of knowledge state that a person (...)
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  48.  50
    Standards for Health Care Chaplaincy in Europe: Questions from an Orthodox Perspective.Archpriest Dimitrij Count Ignatiew - 2003 - Christian Bioethics 9 (1):127-137.
    The Standards' ecumenical implications are critically assessed in view of the risks which their cross-denominational or cross-faith cooperation implications on the one hand, and, on the other hand, their secular commitments to mutual learning, non-proselytizing, professionalism, and efficiency assessment might carry for chaplains' properly spiritual orientation. The problem posed by the ambiguity of language is raised as a warning that concepts like human dignity have a profoundly different meaning in secular and Christian contexts. Invoking such concepts can be seriously misleading.
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  49. Key Concepts for Understanding Curriculum.Colin J. Marsh - 1992 - Routledge.
    Key Concepts for Understanding Curriculum is an invaluable guide for all involved in curriculum matters. Originally published in 1992, and then re-released as two volumes, the third edition returns to a single volume and includes 21 key topics in the field. The topics comprise the latest trends and issues written in Marsh's clear and accessible style, and are an important source of material for an international readership at every level. The book is divided into six sections including: curriculum planning and (...)
  50.  21
    The Concept of the Universe in Physical Cosmology.Raúl Fernández-Cobos - 2021 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 52 (4):523-542.
    The concept of the universe is used in physical cosmology differently from the usual meaning of the term, naively considered as the entire reality. Traditionally, thinking about the whole led to logical contradictions. Taking as reference the Kantian antecedent, different contemporary philosophical notions of the universe are analysed in the first part of this paper, including realist and constructivist approaches, as well as a notion of the universe as a physical object. In the second part, the specific notion from the (...)
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