Results for 'humanization of assistance'

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  1.  11
    The humanness of artificial non-normative personalities.Kevin B. Clark - 2017 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 40:e259.
    Technoscientific ambitions for perfecting human-like machines, by advancing state-of-the-art neuromorphic architectures and cognitive computing, may end in ironic regret without pondering the humanness of fallible artificial non-normative personalities. Self-organizing artificial personalities individualize machine performance and identity through fuzzy conscientiousness, emotionality, extraversion/introversion, and other traits, rendering insights into technology-assisted human evolution, robot ethology/pedagogy, and best practices against unwanted autonomous machine behavior.
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  2.  62
    The Obligations of Transnational Corporations: Rawlsian Justice and the Duty of Assistance.Nien-hê Hsieh - 2004 - Business Ethics Quarterly 14 (4):643-661.
    Abstract:Building on John Rawls’s account of the Law of Peoples, this paper examines the grounds and scope of the obligations of transnational corporations (TNCs) that are owned by members of developed economies and operate in developing economies. The paper advances two broad claims. First, the paper argues that there are conditions under which TNCs have obligations to fulfill a limited duty of assistance toward those living in developing economies, even though the duty is normally understood to fall on the (...)
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  3.  76
    Key changes in the regulation of assisted reproduction introduced by the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008.Sara Fovargue & José Miola - 2011 - Clinical Ethics 6 (4):162-166.
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  4. Review of Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia: A Natural Law Ethics Approach. [REVIEW]Craig Paterson - 2010 - Ethics and Medicine 26 (1):23-4.
    As medical technology advances and severely injured or ill people can be kept alive and functioning long beyond what was previously medically possible, the debate surrounding the ethics of end-of-life care and quality-of-life issues has grown more urgent. In this lucid and vigorous book, Craig Paterson discusses assisted suicide and euthanasia from a fully fledged but non-dogmatic secular natural law perspective. He rehabilitates and revitalises the natural law approach to moral reasoning by developing a pluralistic account of just why we (...)
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  5.  37
    Alzheimer’s disease: history, ethics and medical humanities in the context of assisted suicide. [REVIEW]Thomas Horst Loew, Joachim Demling & Birgit Braun - 2022 - Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 17 (1):1-7.
    IntroductionDementia diseases, especially Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are of considerable importance in terms of social policy and health economics. Moreover, against the background of the current Karlsruhe judgement on the legalisation of assisted suicide, there are also questions to be asked about medical humanities in AD.MethodologyRelevant literature on complementary forms of therapy and prognosis was included and discussed.ResultsCreative sociotherapeutic approaches (art, music, dance) and validating psychotherapeutic approaches show promise for suitability and efficiency in the treatment of dementia, but in some cases (...)
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  6. The Ethics of Assistance: Morality and the Distant Needy.Deen K. Chatterjee (ed.) - 2004 - Cambridge University Press.
    As globalization has deepened worldwide economic integration, moral and political philosophers have become increasingly concerned to assess duties to help needy people in foreign countries. The essays in this volume present ideas on this important topic by authors who are leading figures in these debates. At issue are both the political responsibility of governments of affluent countries to relieve poverty abroad and the personal responsibility of individuals to assist the distant needy. The wide-ranging arguments shed light on global distributive justice, (...)
     
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  7.  13
    The Implementation of Assisted Dying in Quebec and Interdisciplinary Support Groups: What Role for Ethics?Marie-Eve Bouthillier, Catherine Perron, Delphine Roigt, Jean-Simon Fortin & Michelle Pimont - 2022 - HEC Forum 34 (4):355-369.
    The purpose of this text is to tell the story of the implementation of the _Act Respecting End-of-Life Care,_ referred to hereafter as _Law 2_ (Gouvernement du Québec, 2014) with an emphasis on the ambiguous role of ethics in the Interdisciplinary Support Groups (ISGs), created by Quebec's _Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux_ (MSSS). As established, ISGs provide “clinical, administrative and ethical support to health care professionals responding to a request for Medical aid in dying (MAiD)” (Gouvernement du (...)
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  8.  89
    Defining “Human Dignity” in the Debate Over the (Im)Morality of Physician-Assisted Suicide.Michael J. Hyde - 2001 - Journal of Medical Humanities 22 (1):69-82.
    Leon Kass's often-cited essay, “Death with Dignity and the Sanctity of Life,” provides the basis for a case study in the rhetorical function of definition in debates concerning bioethics. The study examines the way a particular definition of “human dignity” is used to maintain an advantage of power in the debate over the morality of physician-assisted suicide. It also considers sources of human dignity that are deflected from attention by the rhetoric of Kass's formulation.
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  9.  44
    The Obligations of Transnational Corporations: Rawlsian Justice and the Duty of Assistance.Nien-hê Hsieh - 2004 - Business Ethics Quarterly 14 (4):643-661.
    Abstract:Building on John Rawls’s account of the Law of Peoples, this paper examines the grounds and scope of the obligations of transnational corporations (TNCs) that are owned by members of developed economies and operate in developing economies. The paper advances two broad claims. First, the paper argues that there are conditions under which TNCs have obligations to fulfill a limited duty of assistance toward those living in developing economies, even though the duty is normally understood to fall on the (...)
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  10.  11
    Uncertainty of Artificial Intelligence Assistant: The Effect of Assistant Type on Variety Seeking.Yu Zhang, Mengya Yang & Ziling Zhang - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    In service marketing, AI assistants and self-service technology have become popular. As a result, it is critical to enrich the understanding of whether consumers react differently in the artificial intelligence service context in comparison with the human service context. This study examines the effect of assistant type on consumers’ decision-making. Through three experiments, this research finds that variety seeking will be higher when consumers are making decision in AI service environment. Furthermore, we tested uncertainty as the underlying mechanism. Moreover, we (...)
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  11.  5
    Investigating the Impact of Assistive Technologies on Working Memory Load in Manual Assembly through Electroencephalography.Thomas Kosch & Lewis Chuang - 2018 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 12.
  12.  80
    Book Reviews : Conceiving the Embryo: ethics, law and practice in human embryology; and Creating the Child: ethics, law and practice of assisted procreation, edited by Donald Evans. The Hague: Nijhoff, 1996. 2 vols. 358 + 366 pp. hb. 100 each or 180 together. [REVIEW]Teresa Iglesias - 1998 - Studies in Christian Ethics 11 (1):83-90.
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  13.  10
    Reproduction inside/outside: Medical imaging and the domestication of assisted reproductive technologies.Merete Lie - 2015 - European Journal of Women's Studies 22 (1):53-69.
    Contemporary medical imaging technologies produce images on the level of human cells. As a result of such images, egg and sperm cells have become well-known artefacts of popular culture. Medical imaging technology has transformed these gametes from invisible matter integrated in biological processes within the body to identifiable objects. The visualisation of egg and sperm cells has literally lifted the process of human reproduction out of the female body and made the gametes appear as protagonists in the story of human (...)
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  14.  53
    New Directions in the Ethics of Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia.Michael Cholbi & Jukka Varelius (eds.) - 2015 - Cham: Springer Verlag.
    This book provides novel perspectives on ethical justifiability of assisted dying in the revised edition of New Directions in the Ethics of Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia. Going significantly beyond traditional debates about the value of human life, the ethical significance of individual autonomy, the compatibility of assisted dying with the ethical obligations of medical professionals, and questions surrounding intention and causation, this book promises to shift the terrain of the ethical debates about assisted dying. The novel themes discussed in the (...)
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  15.  15
    Human Dignity and Assisted Death.Sebastian Muders (ed.) - 2017 - New York, NY: Oup Usa.
    Assisted dying and human dignity are two extremely contested topics in Bioethics. This volume offers the first book-length attempt to bring both together. Its authors develop detailed philosophical analyses of dignity, and how it relates to assisted suicide and euthanasia.
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  16.  20
    Robot-assisted surgery: an emerging platform for human neuroscience research.Anthony M. Jarc & Ilana Nisky - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9:145657.
    Classic studies in human sensorimotor control use simplified tasks to uncover fundamental control strategies employed by the nervous system. Such simple tasks are critical for isolating specific features of motor, sensory, or cognitive processes, and for inferring causality between these features and observed behavioral changes. However, it remains unclear how these theories translate to complex sensorimotor tasks or to natural behaviors. Part of the difficulty in performing such experiments has been the lack of appropriate tools for measuring complex motor skills (...)
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  17.  6
    Markets, Cultures, and the Politics of Value: The Case of Assisted Reproductive Technology.Brian Salter - 2022 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 47 (1):3-28.
    Assisted reproductive technology is a global market engaging a variety of local moral economies where the construction of the demand–supply relationship takes different forms through the operation of the politics of value. This paper analyzes how the market–culture relationship works in different settings, showing how power and resources determine what value will, or will not, accrue from that relationship. A commodity’s potential economic value can only be realized through the operation of the market if its cultural status is seen to (...)
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  18.  34
    Dignity and the Case in Favor of Assisted Suicide.Ralf Stoecker - 2017 - In Sebastian Muders (ed.), Human Dignity and Assisted Death. New York, NY: Oup Usa. pp. 30-45.
    Advocates of legalization of physician-assisted suicide usually argue that it is as matter of respect for human dignity that people get help in ending their lives (1) because the prohibition interferes with a fundamental liberty to conduct life according to one’s own preferences and (2) because sometimes suicide is an appropriate measure to avoid living an undignified life. In this chapter, it is argued that although the first argument is strong, the second argument is misguided. Hence, from an ethical perspective, (...)
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  19.  32
    Legal conceptions: the evolving law and policy of assisted reproductive technologies.Susan L. Crockin - 2010 - Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Edited by Howard Wilbur Jones.
    Embryo litigation -- Access to ART treatment : insurance and discrimination -- General professional liability litigation -- Paternity and donor insemination -- Maternity and egg donation -- Traditional and gestational surrogacy arrangements -- Posthumous reproduction : access and parentage -- Same-sex parentage and ART -- Genetics (PGD) and ART -- ART-related embryonic stem cell legal developments -- ART-related adoption litigation -- ART-related fetal litigation and abortion-related litigation.
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  20.  29
    Euthanasia, Assisted Suicide, and the Philosophical Anthropology of Karol Wojtyla.Ashley K. Fernandes - 2001 - Christian Bioethics 7 (3):379-402.
    The lack of consensus in American society regarding the permissibility of assisted suicide and euthanasia is due in large part to a failure to address the nature of the human person involved in the ethical act itself. For Karol Wojtyla, philosopher and Pope, ethical action finds meaning only in an authentic understanding of the person; but it is through acting ( actus humanus ) alone that the human person reveals himself. Knowing what the person ought to be cannot be divorced (...)
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  21.  12
    Development assistance in the legal field: promotion of market economy v. human rights.Bakardijeva Antonina - 2009 - In Antonina Bakardjieva Engelbrekt (ed.), New Directions in Comparative Law. Edward Elgar. pp. 33--39.
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  22.  74
    AI Assistants and the Paradox of Internal Automaticity.William A. Bauer & Veljko Dubljević - 2019 - Neuroethics 13 (3):303-310.
    What is the ethical impact of artificial intelligence assistants on human lives, and specifically how much do they threaten our individual autonomy? Recently, as part of forming an ethical framework for thinking about the impact of AI assistants on our lives, John Danaher claims that if the external automaticity generated by the use of AI assistants threatens our autonomy and is therefore ethically problematic, then the internal automaticity we already live with should be viewed in the same way. He takes (...)
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  23.  15
    Deciding with dignity: The account of human dignity as an attitude and its implications for assisted suicide.Eva Weber-Guskar - 2019 - Bioethics 34 (1):135-141.
    Discussions about assisted suicide have hitherto been based on accounts of dignity conceived only as an inherent value or as a status; accounts of dignity in which it appears as a (contingent) attitude, by contrast, have been neglected. Yet there are two good reasons to consider dignity to be an attitude. First, this concept of dignity best allows us to grasp a crucial aspect of everyday language: people often express fears of losing their dignity—and it is not possible to explain (...)
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  24.  23
    The Duty of States to Assist other States in Need: Ethics, Human Rights, and International Law.Lawrence O. Gostin & Robert Archer - 2007 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 35 (4):526-533.
    This article deals with a foreign policy question of extraordinary importance: what responsibilities do States have to provide economic and technical assistance to other States that have high levels of need affecting the health and life of their citizens? The question is important for a variety of reasons. There exist massive inequalities in health globally, with the result that poorer countries shoulder a disproportionate burden of disease and premature death. Average life expectancy in Africa is nearly 30 years shorter (...)
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  25.  31
    Two kinds of physician‐assisted death.Govert den Hartogh - 2017 - Bioethics 31 (9):666-673.
    I argue that the concept ‘physician-assisted suicide’ covers two procedures that should be distinguished: giving someone access to humane means to end his own life, and taking co-responsibility for the safe and effective execution of that plan. In the first section I explain the distinction, in the following sections I show why it is important. To begin with I argue that we should expect the laws that permit these two kinds of ‘assistance’ to be different in their justificatory structure. (...)
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  26.  11
    International Migration of Qualified Human Resources in Social Assistance. Value Dimensions and Professional Dilemmas.Viorica-Cristina Cormoş - 2017 - Annals of Philosophy, Social and Human Disciplines 2 (1):65-73.
    International migration of work force is presently a high amplitude phenomenon. Romanian people have emigrated for work around the world, being engaged both in the physically hardest jobs and in activities that require completion of specialized courses and certification in a particular field. This last category includes social workers who, following schooling and certification and even having a minimal experience in the home country, apply for jobs in the field of social assistance. These recruiters aim to distribute social workers (...)
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  27.  36
    The Duty of States to Assist Other States in Need: Ethics, Human Rights, and International Law.Lawrence O. Gostin & Robert Archer - 2007 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 35 (4):526-533.
    In this article, Gostin and Archer explore the varied lenses through which governments are obligated to address humanitarian needs. States’responsibilities to help others derive from domestic law, political commitments, ethical values, national interests, and international law. What is needed, however, is clarity and detailed standards so that States can operationalize this responsibility, making it real for developing countries. Transnational cooperation needs to be more effective and consistent to provide assistance for the world's poorest and least healthy people.
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  28.  37
    Moral Relevance of Range and Naturalness in Assisted Migration.Helena Siipi & Marko Ahteensuu - 2016 - Environmental Values 25 (4):465-483.
    Assisted migration is a controversial conservation measure that includes moving species threatened by climate change beyond their indigenous range. Sandler argues that assisted migration exhausts most of the value of the species moved and that assisted migration, thus, fails to be a workable conservation measure. We show how accepting the moral relevance of species' indigenous range helps to reconcile Sandler's argument with earlier arguments about value loss in ecosystem restoration by Elliot and Katz. Contrary to Sandler, they do not favour (...)
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  29.  37
    The Ethics of Engaged Presence: A Framework for Health Professionals in Humanitarian Assistance and Development Work.Matthew R. Hunt, Lisa Schwartz, Christina Sinding & Laurie Elit - 2014 - Developing World Bioethics 14 (1):47-55.
    In this article, we present an ethics framework for health practice in humanitarian and development work: the ethics of engaged presence. The ethics of engaged presence framework aims to articulate in a systematic fashion approaches and orientations that support the engagement of expatriate health care professionals in ways that align with diverse obligations and responsibilities, and promote respectful and effective action and relationships. Drawn from a range of sources, the framework provides a vocabulary and narrative structure for examining the moral (...)
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  30.  26
    Assisted Death, Dignity, and Respect for Humanity.Morten Dige - 2022 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 47 (6):701-710.
    Recent works on the concept of dignity have opened up the otherwise quite deadlocked debate about assisted death (AD). Rather than just reinforcing already fixed positions, it seems to me that these conceptions of dignity make room for a moderate and normatively richer position on the moral permissibility of AD. I do not think that we have seen the full potential of the said conceptions and interpretations. I try in this article to contribute my part. First, I briefly recapitulate some (...)
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  31. The Contribution of Natural Law Theory to Moral and Legal Debate Concerning Suicide, Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia.Craig Paterson - 2001 - Universal Publishers.
    Chapter one argues for the important contribution that a natural law based framework can make towards an analysis and assessment of key controversies surrounding the practices of suicide, assisted suicide, and voluntary euthanasia. The second chapter considers a number of historical contributions to the debate. The third chapter takes up the modern context of ideas that have increasingly come to the fore in shaping the 'push' for reform. Particular areas focused upon include the value of human life, the value of (...)
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  32.  35
    Robot-Assisted Training of the Kinesthetic Sense: Enhancing Proprioception after Stroke.Dalia De Santis, Jacopo Zenzeri, Maura Casadio, Lorenzo Masia, Assunta Riva, Pietro Morasso & Valentina Squeri - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8:119835.
    Proprioception has a crucial role in promoting or hindering motor learning. In particular, an intact position sense strongly correlates with the chances of recovery after stroke. A great majority of neurological patients present both motor dysfunctions and impairments in kinesthesia, but traditional robot and virtual reality training techniques focus either in recovering motor functions or in assessing proprioceptive deficits. An open challenge is to implement effective and reliable tests and training protocols for proprioception that go beyond the mere position sense (...)
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  33.  22
    Ethics of Virtual Assistants.Juan Ignacio del Valle, Joan Llorca Albareda & Jon Rueda - 2023 - In Francisco Lara & Jan Deckers (eds.), Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. Springer Nature Switzerland. pp. 87-107.
    Among the many applications of artificial intelligence (AI), virtual assistants are one of the tools most likely to grow in the future. The development of these systems may play an increasingly important role in many facets of our lives. Therefore, given their potential importance and present and future weight, it is worthwhile to analyze what kind of challenges they entail. In this chapter, we will provide an overview of the ethical aspects of artificial virtual assistants. First, we provide a conceptual (...)
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  34.  48
    The Ethics of Engaged Presence: A Framework for Health Professionals in Humanitarian Assistance and Development Work.Matthew R. Hunt, Lisa Schwartz, Christina Sinding & Laurie Elit - 2012 - Developing World Bioethics 12 (3):47-55.
    In this article, we present an ethics framework for health practice in humanitarian and development work: the ethics of engaged presence. The ethics of engaged presence framework aims to articulate in a systematic fashion approaches and orientations that support the engagement of expatriate health care professionals in ways that align with diverse obligations and responsibilities, and promote respectful and effective action and relationships. Drawn from a range of sources, the framework provides a vocabulary and narrative structure for examining the moral (...)
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  35.  23
    Rethinking Assistive Technologies: Users, Environments, Digital Media, and App-Practices of Hearing.Beate Ochsner, Markus Spöhrer & Robert Stock - 2022 - NanoEthics 16 (1):65-79.
    Against the backdrop of an aging world population increasingly affected by a diverse range of abilities and disabilities as well as the rise of ubiquitous computing and digital app cultures, this paper questions how mobile technologies mediate between heterogeneous environments and sensing beings. To approach the current technological manufacturing of the senses, two lines of thought are of importance: First, there is a need to critically reflect upon the concept of assistive technologies as artifacts providing tangible solutions for a specific (...)
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  36. The Legal Ambiguity of Advanced Assistive Bionic Prosthetics: Where to Define the Limits of ‘Enhanced Persons’ in Medical Treatment.Tyler L. Jaynes - 2021 - Clinical Ethics 16 (3):171-182.
    The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence systems has generated a means whereby assistive bionic prosthetics can become both more effective and practical for the patients who rely upon the use of such machines in their daily lives. However, de lege lata remains relatively unspoken as to the legal status of patients whose devices contain self-learning CIS that can interface directly with the peripheral nervous system. As a means to reconcile for this lack of legal foresight, this article approaches the topic (...)
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  37.  49
    Scenarios of robot-assisted play for children with cognitive and physical disabilities.Ben Robins, Kerstin Dautenhahn, Ester Ferrari, Gernot Kronreif, Barbara Prazak-Aram, Patrizia Marti, Iolanda Iacono, Gert Jan Gelderblom, Tanja Bernd, Francesca Caprino & Elena Laudanna - 2012 - Interaction Studies. Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies / Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies 13 (2):189-234.
    This article presents a novel set of ten play scenarios for robot-assisted play for children with special needs. This set of scenarios is one of the key outcomes of the IROMEC project that investigated how robotic toys can become social mediators, encouraging children with special needs to discover a range of play styles, from solitary to collaborative play. The target user groups in the project were children with Mild Mental Retardation,1 children with Severe Motor Impairment and children with Autism. The (...)
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  38.  31
    Assistive HCI-Serious Games Co-design Insights: The Case Study of i-PROGNOSIS Personalized Game Suite for Parkinson’s Disease.Sofia Balula Dias, José Alves Diniz, Evdokimos Konstantinidis, Theodore Savvidis, Vicky Zilidou, Panagiotis D. Bamidis, Athina Grammatikopoulou, Kosmas Dimitropoulos, Nikos Grammalidis, Hagen Jaeger, Michael Stadtschnitzer, Hugo Silva, Gonçalo Telo, Ioannis Ioakeimidis, George Ntakakis, Fotis Karayiannis, Estelle Huchet, Vera Hoermann, Konstantinos Filis, Elina Theodoropoulou, George Lyberopoulos, Konstantinos Kyritsis, Alexandros Papadopoulos, Anastasios Depoulos, Dhaval Trivedi, Ray K. Chaudhuri, Lisa Klingelhoefer, Heinz Reichmann, Sevasti Bostantzopoulou, Zoe Katsarou, Dimitrios Iakovakis, Stelios Hadjidimitriou, Vasileios Charisis, George Apostolidis & Leontios J. Hadjileontiadis - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    Human-Computer Interaction and games set a new domain in understanding people’s motivations in gaming, behavioral implications of game play, game adaptation to player preferences and needs for increased engaging experiences in the context of HCI serious games. When the latter relate with people’s health status, they can become a part of their daily life as assistive health status monitoring/enhancement systems. Co-designing HCI-SGs can be seen as a combination of art and science that involves a meticulous collaborative process. The design elements (...)
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  39. Notions of the Stoic Value Theory in Contemporary Debates: Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide.Evangelos D. Protopapadakis - 2009 - Journal of Classical Studies MS 11:213-221.
    Arguments concerning central issues of contemporary Medical Ethics often not only bear similarities, but also derive their sheer essence from notions which belong to the celebrated history of Ethics. Thus, argumentation pro euthanasia and assisted suicide which focus on the detainment of dignity and the ensuring of posthumous reputation on behalf of the moral agent is shown to echo stoic views on arête and the subordination of life to the primary human goal, namely the achievement of virtue. The progress made (...)
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  40. Attitudes to physician and family assisted suicide: results from a study of public attitudes in Britain.C. O'Neill - 2002 - Journal of Medical Ethics 28 (1):52-52.
    Legalisation of assisted suicide presents a dilemma for society. This arises because of a lack of consensus regarding the precedence to be accorded freedom of choice versus the inviolability of human life. A combination of factors has served to throw this dilemma into sharper focus in recent times. These include population aging,1,2 increased openness regarding end-of-life care,3 development of patients' rights, and increasing secularisation and multiculturalism in society. Against this backdrop and within a context where several countries have addressed legislation (...)
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  41.  1
    Ethics of Virtual Assistants.Juan Ignacio Del Valle, Joan Llorca & Jon Rueda - 2023 - In Francisco Lara & Jan Deckers (eds.), Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. Springer Nature Switzerland. pp. 87-117.
    Among the many applications of artificial intelligence (AI), virtual assistants are one of the tools most likely to grow in the future. The development of these systems may play an increasingly important role in many facets of our lives. Therefore, given their potential importance and present and future weight, it is worthwhile to analyze what kind of challenges they entail. In this chapter, we will provide an overview of the ethical aspects of artificial virtual assistants. First, we provide a conceptual (...)
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  42.  85
    Brain death, states of impaired consciousness, and physician-assisted death for end-of-life organ donation and transplantation.Joseph L. Verheijde, Mohamed Y. Rady & Joan L. McGregor - 2009 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 12 (4):409-421.
    In 1968, the Harvard criteria equated irreversible coma and apnea with human death and later, the Uniform Determination of Death Act was enacted permitting organ procurement from heart-beating donors. Since then, clinical studies have defined a spectrum of states of impaired consciousness in human beings: coma, akinetic mutism, minimally conscious state, vegetative state and brain death. In this article, we argue against the validity of the Harvard criteria for equating brain death with human death. Brain death does not disrupt somatic (...)
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  43. A Survey of Expectations About the Role of Robots in Robot-Assisted Therapy for Children with ASD: Ethical Acceptability, Trust, Sociability, Appearance, and Attachment.Mark Coeckelbergh, Cristina Pop, Ramona Simut, Andreea Peca, Sebastian Pintea, Daniel David & Bram Vanderborght - 2016 - Science and Engineering Ethics 22 (1):47-65.
    The use of robots in therapy for children with autism spectrum disorder raises issues concerning the ethical and social acceptability of this technology and, more generally, about human–robot interaction. However, usually philosophical papers on the ethics of human–robot-interaction do not take into account stakeholders’ views; yet it is important to involve stakeholders in order to render the research responsive to concerns within the autism and autism therapy community. To support responsible research and innovation in this field, this paper identifies a (...)
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  44.  57
    The Moral Gap: Kantian Ethics, Human Limits, and God’s Assistance.Linda Zagzebski & John E. Hare - 1999 - Philosophical Review 108 (2):291.
    The title of Hare’s book refers to the gap between the demand that morality places on us and our natural capacity to live by it. Such a gap is paradoxical if we accept the “‘ought’ implies ‘can”’ principle. The solution, Hare argues, is that the gap is filled by the Christian God. So we ought to be moral and can do so—with divine assistance. Hare’s statement and defense of the existence of the gap combines a rigorously Kantian notion of (...)
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  45.  67
    Food assistance through “surplus” food: Insights from an ethnographic study of food bank work.Valerie Tarasuk & Joan M. Eakin - 2005 - Agriculture and Human Values 22 (2):177-186.
    Abstract.In Canada, food assistance is provided through a widespread network of extra-governmental, community-based, charitable programs, popularly termed “food banks”. Most of the food they distribute has been donated by food producers, processors, and retailers or collected through appeals to the public. Some industry donations are of market quality, but many donations are “surplus” food that cannot be retailed. Drawing on insights from an ethnographic study of food bank work in southern Ontario, we examined how the structure and function of (...)
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  46.  6
    3. Development assistance in the legal field: promotion of market economy v human rights.Michael Bogdan - 2009 - In Antonina Bakardjieva Engelbrekt (ed.), New Directions in Comparative Law. Edward Elgar. pp. 33.
  47.  32
    Framing the ethical and legal issues of human artificial gametes in research, therapy, and assisted reproduction: A German perspective.Barbara Advena-Regnery, Hans-Georg Dederer, Franziska Enghofer, Tobias Cantz & Thomas Heinemann - 2018 - Bioethics 32 (5):314-326.
    Recent results from studies on animals suggest that functional germ cells may be generated from human pluripotent stem cells, giving rise to three possibilities: research with these so‐called artificial gametes, including fertilization experiments in vitro; their use in vivo for therapy for the treatment of human infertility; and their use in assisted reproductive technologies in vitro. While the legal, philosophical, and ethical questions associated with these possibilities have been already discussed intensively in other countries, the debate in Germany is still (...)
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  48. Assisted conception and Embryo Research with reference to the tenets of Catholic Christianity.Piyali Mitra - 2017 - Online International Interdisciplinary Research Journal 7 (3):165-173.
    Religion has a considerable influence over the public’s attitudes towards science and technologies. The objective of the paper is to understand the ethical and religious problems concerning the use of embryo for research in assisting conception for infertile couples from the perspective of Catholic Christians. This paper seeks to explain our preliminary reflections on how religious communities particularly the Catholic Christian communities respond to and assess the ethics of reproductive technologies and embryo research. Christianity as a whole lacks a unified (...)
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    Agricultural economists, human capital, and economic development: How colleges of Agriculture can assist. [REVIEW]John J. Waelti - 1990 - Agriculture and Human Values 7 (3-4):95-100.
    Of the requisites for economic development, human capital is the most “policy-proof,” is the one which developed nations can most effectively render on large scale, and is that which American colleges of Agriculture are uniquely equipped to render. Graduate study in agricultural economics is a popular choice of third world students as it occupies a pivotal position between agricultural science and the liberal arts, giving it substantial relevance to economic development. It is necessary to understand the history, economics, sociology, and (...)
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    The psychological and ethological antecedents of human consent to techno-empowerment of autonomous office assistants.Artur Modliński - 2023 - AI and Society 38 (2):647-663.
    Human organizations’ adoption of the paradigm of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is associated with the growth of techno-empowerment, which is the process of transferring autonomy in decision-making to intelligent machines. Particular persuasive strategies have been identified that may coax people to use intelligent devices. However, there is a substantial research gap regarding what antecedents influence human intention to assign decision-making autonomy to artificial agents. In this study, ethological and evolutionary concepts are applied to explain the drivers for autonomous assistants’ techno-empowerment. (...)
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