Results for 'Pressure groups '

987 found
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  1. Pressure Group and Community.Kenneth Henderson - 1948 - Hibbert Journal 47:259.
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  2.  8
    The Ethics of Pressure Groups.Peter Whawell - 1998 - Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility 7 (3):178-181.
    Are the strategies and tactics that pressure groups use against businesses ethically defensible?
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  3.  8
    Educational Politics: Pressure Groups and Faith-Based Schools.G. Walford - 1996 - British Journal of Educational Studies 44 (4):445-446.
  4.  20
    The ethics of pressure groups.Peter Whawell - 1998 - Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility 7 (3):178–181.
    Are the strategies and tactics that pressure groups use against businesses ethically defensible?
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  5. The "New Social Movements:" Moral Crusades, Political Pressure Groups, or Social Movements?Klaus Eder - 1985 - Social Research: An International Quarterly 52.
  6. Bioethics, Communication Problems: Need for Media and Pressure Group Activism.R. Sharma - 2001 - Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics 11 (4):102-104.
     
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  7.  9
    Time Pressure and In-group Favoritism in a Minimal Group Paradigm.Kaede Maeda & Hirofumi Hashimoto - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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  8.  7
    Social Pressure from a Core Group can Cause Self-Sustained Oscillations in an Epidemic Model.L. H. A. Monteiro & A. P. Baccili - 2023 - Acta Biotheoretica 71 (3).
    Let the individuals of a population be divided into two groups with different personal habits. The core group is associated with health risk behaviors; the non-core group avoids unhealthy activities. Assume that the infected individuals of the core group can spread a contagious disease to the whole population. Also, assume that cure does not confer immunity. Here, an epidemiological model written as a set of ordinary differential equations is proposed to investigate the infection propagation in this population. In the (...)
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  9.  10
    Do Evaluative Pressures and Group Identification Cultivate Competitive Orientations and Cynical Attitudes Among Academics?Tobias Johansson - 2020 - Journal of Business Ethics 176 (4):761-780.
    This article theorizes and analyzes how two aspects of the increasing accountingization of academia in the form of evaluative pressures and group identification, independently and interactively, work to cultivate academics’ self-interest for their social interactions with the scientific community, forming them to adopt more competitive orientations and cynical attitudes. Using data of a large number of faculty members from the 17 universities in Sweden, it is shown that evaluative pressures and group identification perceived by academics jointly reinforce each other in (...)
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  10.  14
    Assessing the needs and perspectives of patients with obesity and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome following continuous positive airway pressure therapy to inform health care practice: A focus group study.Giada Rapelli, Giada Pietrabissa, Licia Angeli, Ilaria Bastoni, Ilaria Tovaglieri, Paolo Fanari & Gianluca Castelnuovo - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the lived experience in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and comorbid obesity following after continuous positive airway pressure therapy made with the disease the device, and to identify barriers and facilitators to the use of CPAP to improve rehabilitation provision and aid in disease self-management.MethodsQualitative research was conducted using three focus groups with a representative sample of 32 inpatients undergoing a 1-month pulmonary rehabilitation program at the IRCSS Istituto Auxologico Italiano San Giuseppe (...)
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  11. Population pressure and prehistoric violence in the Yayoi period of Japan.Tomomi Nakagawa, Kohei Tamura, Yuji Yamaguchi, Naoko Matsumoto, Takehiko Matsugi & Hisashi Nakao - 2021 - Journal of Archaeological Science 132:105420.
    The causes of prehistoric inter-group violence have been a subject of long-standing debate in archaeology, an- thropology, and other disciplines. Although population pressure has been considered as a major factor, due to the lack of available prehistoric data, few studies have directly examined its effect so far. In the present study, we used data on skeletal remains from the middle Yayoi period of the Japanese archipelago, where archaeologists argued that an increase of inter-group violence in this period could be (...)
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  12.  15
    Review of Belle Zeller: Pressure Politics in New York: A Study of Group Representation Before the Legislature[REVIEW]Harold A. Larrabee - 1939 - Ethics 50 (1):97-98.
  13.  19
    Corporate social disclosure under isomorphic pressures: evidence from business groups.Alessia Montecchia & Emiliano Di Carlo - 2015 - International Journal of Business Governance and Ethics 10 (2):137.
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  14.  79
    Effect of Stakeholders’ Pressure on Transparency of Sustainability Reports within the GRI Framework.Belen Fernandez-Feijoo, Silvia Romero & Silvia Ruiz - 2014 - Journal of Business Ethics 122 (1):53-63.
    Transparency is a quality of corporate social responsibility communication that enhances the relationship between the investors and the company. The objective of this paper is to analyze if the transparency of the sustainability reports is affected by the relationship of companies in different industries with their stakeholders. If this were the case, it would indicate that the pressure of significant stakeholders determines the required level of transparency of the reports. We find that the pressure of some groups (...)
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  15.  46
    Stakeholders Pressures and Strategic Prioritisation: An Empirical Analysis of Environmental Responses in Argentinean Firms.D. A. Vazquez-Brust, C. Liston-Heyes, J. A. Plaza-Úbeda & J. Burgos-Jiménez - 2010 - Journal of Business Ethics 91 (S2):171 - 192.
    This article focusses on corporate attitudes to stakeholder environmental pressures in Argentina. It uses a cross section survey of 505 CEOs of Argentinean firms to gather information on environmental attitudes and a stakeholder theory framework to design and interpret the statistical analyses. It is underpinned by theoretical and empirical findings in the literature on stakeholder management, targeting in particular studies that deal with corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Latin America. Its general aim is to gain a deeper empirical understanding of (...)
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  16.  36
    The many faces of altruism: selective pressures and human groups.Lorenzo Baravalle - 2014 - Scientiae Studia 12 (1):97-120.
    No âmbito do debate sobre as unidades envolvidas nos processos seletivos, a controvérsia sobre a possibilidade de comportamentos genuinamente altruístas tem um lugar destacado. Partindo de uma posição declaradamente pluralista, discutir-se-ão, neste artigo, algumas questões relevantes para esse tópico. Em primeiro lugar, o altruísmo será concebido como uma propriedade fenotípica dos grupos biológicos, e não apenas de seus membros. Essa caraterização levará, em um segundo momento, à discussão sobre a relação entre grupos em sociedades complexas, como é o caso das (...)
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  17.  18
    A model of short- and long-run mechanisms involved in pressures toward uniformity in groups.Herbert A. Simon & Harold Guetzkow - 1955 - Psychological Review 62 (1):56-68.
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  18.  3
    Pressure Politics in Industrial Societies: A Comparative Introduction.Alan R. Ball - 1987 - Humanity Books.
    The authors focus on the ways in which various models of the distribution of power in society treat interest groups and evaluate their significance.
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  19.  54
    Under Positive Pressure: How Stakeholder Pressure Affects Corporate Social Responsibility Implementation.Diana Ingenhoff, Katharina Spraul & Bernd Helmig - 2016 - Business and Society 55 (2):151-187.
    This study tests a model that links stakeholder pressure to the implementation of corporate social responsibility activities and market performance. Stakeholder groups and competitors might exert pressure on companies to implement CSR, which could lead to positive effects on market performance. Using structural equation modeling, the authors find that stakeholders and competitors exert pressure differently. The effect of CSR implementation on market performance is moderated by market dynamism: It affects market performance more in dynamic environments. The (...)
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  20.  55
    Group Selection and Group Adaptation During a Major Evolutionary Transition: Insights from the Evolution of Multicellularity in the Volvocine Algae.Deborah E. Shelton & Richard E. Michod - 2014 - Biological Theory 9 (4):452-469.
    Adaptations can occur at different hierarchical levels (e.g., cells and multicellular organisms), but it can be difficult to identify the level(s) of adaptation in specific cases. A major problem is that selection at a lower level can filter up, creating the illusion of selection at a higher level. We use optimality modeling of the volvocine algae to explore the emergence of genuine group (i.e., colony-level) adaptations. We find that it is helpful to develop an explicit model for what group fitness (...)
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  21.  17
    Rebel Groups’ Adoption of Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law Norms: An Analysis of Discourse and Behavior in Kosovo.Jennifer A. Mueller - 2023 - Human Rights Review 24 (4):511-544.
    International human rights law and international humanitarian law (IHL) contain few obligations for rebel groups, yet those groups are nonetheless under pressure to comply with their foundational international norms. This case study of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) analyzes the evolution of its discourse and behavior related to human rights and IHL. It then compares changes in the group’s discourse to evidence of changes in behavior. The study finds that the KLA does significantly change its language, gradually (...)
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  22.  25
    Different Selection Pressures Give Rise to Distinct Ethnic Phenomena.Cristina Moya & Robert Boyd - 2015 - Human Nature 26 (1):1-27.
    Many accounts of ethnic phenomena imply that processes such as stereotyping, essentialism, ethnocentrism, and intergroup hostility stem from a unitary adaptation for reasoning about groups. This is partly justified by the phenomena’s co-occurrence in correlational studies. Here we argue that these behaviors are better modeled as functionally independent adaptations that arose in response to different selection pressures throughout human evolution. As such, different mechanisms may be triggered by different group boundaries within a single society. We illustrate this functionalist framework (...)
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  23.  47
    Interest Groups and Pro-Animal Rights Legislation.Brenda J. Lutz & James M. Lutz - 2011 - Society and Animals 19 (3):261-277.
    The American states have demonstrated varying levels of support for animal rights legislation. The activities of interest groups, including pressures from competing groups, help to explain the presence or absence of ten pro-animal regulations and laws. This article analyzes and ranks each of the fifty states with regard to ten key areas of animal protection and welfare legislation. The analysis reveals that states with a more agricultural economic base are less likely to provide protection to animals. In addition, (...)
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  24.  5
    Group Behaviour and Development: Is the Market Destroying Cooperation?Judith Heyer, Frances Stewart & Rosemary Thorp (eds.) - 2002 - Oxford University Press UK.
    This book focuses on group behaviour in developing countries. It includes studies of producer and community organizations, NGOs, and some public sector groups. Despite the fact that most economic decisions are taken by people acting within groups -- families, firms, neighbourhood or community associations, and networks of producers -- the analysis of group functioning has not received enough attention, particularly among economists. Some groups function well, from the perspectives of equity, efficiency, and well-being, while others do not. (...)
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  25.  5
    Group behavior in the military may provide a unique case.Rose McDermott - 2016 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 39.
    The optimal functioning of male coalitionary behavior in a military context may run contrary to some of the arguments about the importance of individual differentiation in Baumeister et al. Incentives become institutionally inverted within military contexts. Because the history of combat exerted powerful and sustained selection pressures on male groups, individual identification can work against the successful completion of collective action problems surrounding in-group defense in military contexts.
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  26.  45
    Farmers Under Pressure. Analysis of the Social Conditions of Cases of Animal Neglect.Stefan B. Andrade & Inger Anneberg - 2014 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 27 (1):103-126.
    In this paper we analyse how risk factors in highly industrialised agriculture are connected to animal neglect. With Danish agriculture as a case study, we use two types of data. First, we use register data from Statistics Denmark to map how risk factors such as farmers’ financial and social troubles are connected to convictions of neglect. Second, we analyse narratives where interviewed farmers, involved in cases of neglect, describe how they themselves experienced the incidents. We find that while livestock farmers (...)
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  27.  41
    Model-groups as scientific research programmes.Cristin Chall - 2020 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 10 (1):1-24.
    Lakatos’s methodology of scientific research programmes centres around series of theories, with little regard to the role of models in theory construction. Modifying it to incorporate model-groups, clusters of developmental models that are intended to become new theories, provides a description of the model dynamics within the search for physics beyond the standard model. At the moment, there is no evidence for BSM physics, despite a concerted search effort especially focused around the standard model account of electroweak symmetry breaking. (...)
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  28.  68
    To blow or not to blow the whistle: the effects of potential harm, social pressure and organisational commitment on whistleblowing intention and behaviour.Ching-Pu Chen & Chih-Tsung Lai - 2014 - Business Ethics: A European Review 23 (3):327-342.
    This study uses a rational ethical decision-making framework to examine the influence of moral intensity (potential harm and social pressure) on whistleblowing intention and behaviour using organisational commitment as a moderator. A scenario was developed, and an online questionnaire was used to conduct an empirical analysis on the responses of 533 participants. The mean age and years of work experience of the respondents were 31 and 8.2 years, respectively. The results show, first, that while moral intensity is correlated with (...)
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  29.  30
    Family Group Conferencing: A Theoretical Underpinning. [REVIEW]Rosalie N. Metze, Tineke A. Abma & Rick H. Kwekkeboom - 2015 - Health Care Analysis 23 (2):165-180.
    In the last decade, Family Group Conferences have increasingly been used to help people and their networks deal with their problems. The FGC fits well with the call for equal rights and self-management coming from clients and client movements, as well as the economy-driven pressure towards more informal and less professional care coming from governments. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the underlying theory to explain how the FGC works. In this article, we aim to provide such (...)
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  30.  34
    Perceptions of Ethical Climate and Research Pressures in Different Faculties of a University: Cross-Sectional Study at the University of Split, Croatia.Mario Malički, Vedran Katavić, Domagoj Marković, Matko Marušić & Ana Marušić - 2019 - Science and Engineering Ethics 25 (1):231-245.
    We determined the prevailing ethical climate at three different schools of a single university, in order to explore possible differences in the ethical climate related to different research fields: the School of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Naval Architecture; the School of Humanities and Social Sciences; and the School of Medicine. We used the Ethical Climate Questionnaire to survey the staff at the three schools, and used the research integrity and organizational climate survey for early-stage researchers at the three schools. (...)
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  31.  30
    Punishment is not a group adaptation.Nicolas Baumard - 2011 - Mind and Society 10 (1):1-26.
    Punitive behaviours are often assumed to be the result of an instinct for punishment. This instinct would have evolved to punish wrongdoers and it would be the evidence that cooperation has evolved by group selection. Here, I propose an alternative theory according to which punishment is a not an adaptation and that there was no specific selective pressure to inflict costs on wrongdoers in the ancestral environment. In this theory, cooperation evolved through partner choice for mutual advantage. In the (...)
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  32.  60
    Why do groups cooperate more than individuals to reduce risks?Min Gong, Jonathan Baron & Howard Kunreuther - 2013 - Theory and Decision 75 (1):101-116.
    Previous research has discovered a curious phenomenon: groups cooperate less than individuals in a deterministic prisoner’s dilemma game, but cooperate more than individuals when uncertainty is introduced into the game. We conducted two studies to examine three possible processes that might drive groups to be more cooperative than individuals in reducing risks: group risk concern, group cooperation expectation, and pressure to conform to social norms. We found that ex post guilt aversion and ex-post blame avoidance cause group (...)
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  33.  85
    Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial of motivational interviewing-based intervention to improve adherence to continuous positive airway pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: The MotivAir study.Giada Rapelli, Giada Pietrabissa, Licia Angeli, Gian Mauro Manzoni, Ilaria Tovaglieri, Elisa Perger, Sergio Garbarino, Paolo Fanari, Carolina Lombardi & Gianluca Castelnuovo - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the MotivAir program—a phone-based intervention based on Motivational Interviewing principles and techniques—in enhancing adherence to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure therapy among patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.MethodsA multicenter randomized controlled trial design with random allocation at the level of the individual will be conducted to compare the impact of the experimental program with a control group receiving usual care only in improving selected clinical and psychological parameters in the patients. A minimum (...)
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  34.  19
    The perception of corruption as social and institutional pressure: A comparative analysis of cultural biases.Davide Torsello - 2013 - Human Affairs 23 (2):160-173.
    This study is an empirical approach to answering the question: are there any universal factors that account for the origin, diffusion and persistence of corruption in human societies? The paper enquires whether the perception of corruption in politics and economics can be tackled as a form of cultural adaptation, driven by exogenous and endogenous forces. These are respectively: freedom of access and management of economic resources, and the pressures towards human grouping. Following the analytical insights of cultural theory, developed by (...)
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  35.  39
    From Resistance to Opportunity-Seeking: Strategic Responses to Institutional Pressures for Corporate Social Responsibility in the Nordic Fashion Industry.Esben Rahbek Gjerdrum Pedersen & Wencke Gwozdz - 2014 - Journal of Business Ethics 119 (2):245-264.
    Using survey responses from 400 fashion companies in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland, we examine the diversity of strategic responses to institutional pressures for corporate social responsibility within the Nordic fashion industry. We also develop and test a new model of strategic responses to institutional pressures that encompasses both resistance and opportunity-seeking behaviour. Our results suggest that it is inconsistent pressures within, rather than between, stakeholder groups that shape strategic responses to CSR pressures and that increasing pressures stimulates (...)
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  36.  9
    Perceptions of Scientific Authorship Revisited: Country Differences and the Impact of Perceived Publication Pressure.David Johann - 2022 - Science and Engineering Ethics 28 (2):1-25.
    Relying on data collected by the Zurich Survey of Academics, a unique representative online survey among academics in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, this paper replicates Johann and Mayer's :175–196, 2019) analysis of researchers' perceptions of scientific authorship and expands their scope. The primary goals of the study at hand are to learn more about country differences in perceptions of scientific authorship, as well as the influence of perceived publication pressure on authorship perceptions. The results indicate that academics in Switzerland (...)
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  37.  14
    Journalists' Views About Accountability to Different Societal Groups.Halliki Harro-Loit - 2015 - Journal of Media Ethics 30 (1):31-43.
    This study addresses the question about which groups journalists in 12 European and two Arab countries feel that they are accountable to. In their daily work, journalists do not only face dilemmas about conflicting values, but they also have to make decisions about whose interests they should protect in the first instance. Academic scholarship has developed well argued discourses on pressure groups and conflicting interests, as well as on the various incentives that influence journalists' loyalties. The present (...)
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  38.  8
    Fickle Judgments in Moral Dilemmas: Time Pressure and Utilitarian Judgments in an Interdependent Culture.Hirofumi Hashimoto, Kaede Maeda & Kaede Matsumura - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    In the trolley problem, a well-known moral dilemma, the intuitive process is believed to increase deontological judgments, while deliberative reasoning is thought to promote utilitarian decisions. Therefore, based on the dual-process model, there seems to be an attempt to save several lives at the expense of a few others in a deliberative manner. This study examines the validity of this argument. To this end, we manipulate decision-making time in the standard trolley dilemma to compare differences among 119 Japanese female undergraduates (...)
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  39.  8
    Effects of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on sleep architecture in adults with obstructive sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes.Kristine A. Wilckens, Bomin Jeon, Jonna L. Morris, Daniel J. Buysse & Eileen R. Chasens - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16:924069.
    Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severely impacts sleep and has long-term health consequences. Treating sleep apnea with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) not only relieves obstructed breathing, but also improves sleep. CPAP improves sleep by reducing apnea-induced awakenings. CPAP may also improve sleep by enhancing features of sleep architecture assessed with electroencephalography (EEG) that maximize sleep depth and neuronal homeostasis, such as the slow oscillation and spindle EEG activity, and by reducing neurophysiological arousal during sleep (i.e., beta EEG activity). We (...)
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  40.  64
    Oppositionists and group norms: The reciprocal influence of whistle-blowers and co-workers. [REVIEW]David B. Greenberger, Marcia P. Miceli & Debra J. Cohen - 1987 - Journal of Business Ethics 6 (7):527-542.
    Who blows the whistle — a loner or a well-liked team player? Which of them is more likely to lead a successful opposition to perceived organizational wrongdoing? The potential influence of co-worker pressures to conform on whistle-blowing activity or the likely effects of whistle-blowing on the group have not been addressed. This paper presents a preliminary model of whistle-blowing as an act of nonconformity. One implication is that the success of an opposition will depend on the characteristics of the whistle-blower (...)
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  41. Being and Becoming in the Theory of Group Agency.Leo Townsend - 2013 - Abstracta 7 (1).
    Article Title: ‘Being and Becoming in the Theory of Group Agency’This paper explores a bootstrapping puzzle which appears to afflict Philip Pettit’s theory of group agency. Pettit claims that the corporate persons recognised by his theory come about when a set of individuals ‘gets its act together’ by undertaking to reason at the collective level. But this is puzzling, because it is hard to see how the step such a collective must take to become a group agent – the collectivisation (...)
     
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  42.  28
    Effects of oral contraceptive use on body mass index and blood pressure among female villagers in north-east thailand.Nobuko Murayama, Ayu Matsunaga, Ladda Tangbanluekal, Suwalee Tantawiwat & Ryutaro Ohtsuka - 2003 - Journal of Biosocial Science 35 (2):243-261.
    The use of contraceptives has become prevalent among females in Thailand in the past 20 years, and oral contraceptive use has been suggested to trigger changes in fat intake, energy expenditure, fat metabolism and blood pressure. Based on field investigations of 391 married women aged 20 years or over in Yasothon Province, North-east Thailand, this study aims to elucidate the effects of oral contraceptive use on body mass index (BMI: kg/m2 ) and blood pressure, taking into account reproductive (...)
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  43.  11
    Application of Chosen Data Mining Methods in Predicting Abnormal Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents.Anna Sowińska & Izabela Miechowicz - 2018 - Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 56 (1):19-28.
    Hypertension is a common disease in highly industrialized societies, more often perceived as a health problem in adults rather than children. However, epidemiologists are currently paying more attention to the possibility of idiopathic hypertension during childhood. This article compares three classification models (logistic regression, classification trees and MARSplines) in order to determine the best classification model and distinguish the parameters that are most important in the detection of abnormal blood pressure in children. The study group consisted of 1,378 children (...)
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  44.  9
    Prevalence of Scientific Misconduct Among a Group of Researchers in Nigeria.Theresa Rossouw Patrick Okonta - 2012 - Developing World Bioethics 13 (3):149-157.
    Background There is a dearth of information on the prevalence of scientific misconduct from Nigeria. Objectives This study aimed at determining the prevalence of scientific misconduct in a group of researchers in Nigeria. Factors associated with the prevalence were ascertained. Method A descriptive study of researchers who attended a scientific conference in 2010 was conducted using the adapted Scientific Misconduct Questionnaire‐Revised (SMQ‐R). Results Ninety‐one researchers (68.9%) admitted having committed at least one of the eight listed forms of scientific misconduct. Disagreement (...)
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  45.  25
    Prevalence of Scientific Misconduct Among a Group of Researchers in Nigeria.Patrick Okonta & Theresa Rossouw - 2012 - Developing World Bioethics 13 (3):149-157.
    Background There is a dearth of information on the prevalence of scientific misconduct from Nigeria. Objectives This study aimed at determining the prevalence of scientific misconduct in a group of researchers in Nigeria. Factors associated with the prevalence were ascertained. Method A descriptive study of researchers who attended a scientific conference in 2010 was conducted using the adapted Scientific Misconduct Questionnaire-Revised (SMQ-R). Results Ninety-one researchers (68.9%) admitted having committed at least one of the eight listed forms of scientific misconduct. Disagreement (...)
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  46.  7
    Evaluation Practices of Doctoral Examination Committees: Boundary-Work Under Pressure.Maja Elmgren, Åsa Lindberg-Sand & Anders Sonesson - forthcoming - Minerva:1-30.
    The doctorate forms the basis for academic careers and the regeneration of academia, and has increasingly become important for other sectors of society. The latter is reflected in efforts on institutional, national as well as supranational levels to change and adapt the doctoral degree to new expectations. As doctoral education is embedded in research, changes in governance and funding of research further affect the doctorate. The evaluation of the doctoral thesis appears, however, to have remained true to the academic tradition: (...)
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  47.  37
    Academic Misconduct in Nigerian Medical Schools-A Report from Focus Group Discussions among House Officers.Onochie Ike Okoye, Ferdinand Maduka-Okafor, Rita Chimuanya Matthias, Anthonia Udeaja & Abali I. Chuku - 2018 - Journal of Academic Ethics 16 (3):275-285.
    Concern is growing as research continues to find evidence of academic misconduct among medical students. There is, however, paucity of information on this issue among medical students and medical graduates in Africa. We determined the perceptions and attitude of house officers on academic misconduct within Nigerian medical schools. We conducted 7 focus group discussions among pre-registration house-officers working in a Nigerian Teaching hospital between October and November 2013. A FGD guide containing 7 broad questions related to their perception and attitude (...)
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  48.  7
    The effect of misapplied religious practices in some alternative religious groups.Stephan P. Pretorius - 2014 - HTS Theological Studies 70 (3):01-09.
    The positive impact that religion generally has on human beings has been suggested by different studies. However, it cannot be assumed that religion always contributes to the well-being of believers. Religious systems can be misused, resulting in people being spiritually and even physically hurt and harmed. This study investigates certain aspects of some alternative religious group in order to determine the impact it has on the well-being of the members of these groups. It was found that people are drawn (...)
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  49.  8
    The Public Opinion Evolution under Group Interaction in Different Information Features.Jing Wei, Yuguang Jia, Yaozeng Zhang, Hengmin Zhu & Weidong Huang - 2022 - Complexity 2022:1-15.
    Before expressing opinions, most people usually consider the standpoint of their friends nearby to avoid being isolated, which may lead to the herding effect. The words of celebrities in social networks usually attract public attention and affect the opinion evolution in the entire network. This process also causes the similar status quo. In this study, we find that the key figures play the guiding roles in public opinions who undertake the group pressure from information amount. Therefore, we build the (...)
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  50.  34
    Contingent Valuation: Comparing Participant Performance in Group-Based Approaches and Personal Interviews.Nele Lienhoop & Douglas C. Macmillan - 2007 - Environmental Values 16 (2):209-232.
    This paper reports a Contingent Valuation application to estimate the non-market costs and benefits of hydro scheme developments in an Icelandic wilderness area. A deliberative group -based approach, called Market Stall, is compared to a control group consisting of conventional in-person interviews, in order to investigate flaws of Contingent Valuation, such as poor validity and protest responses. Perceived property rights suggested the use of willingness-to-accept in compensation for wilderness loss and willingness-to-pay for hydro scheme benefits. The study is novel as (...)
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