Results for 'Intergroup bias'

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  1.  2
    Infamous Gaming: The Intergroup Bias of Non-gamers in the Chinese Marriage Market.Shuguang Zhao & Wenjian Zhang - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13:682372.
    The link between gaming and negative outcomes has been explored by previous research and has led to the widespread adverse attitude toward gaming (ATG) and gamers, especially from those who are unfamiliar with this activity. By implementing an audit study with gamers and non-gamers as participants (N = 1,280), we found that non-gamer participants rated gamers less as similar to their ideal marriage partners compared to non-gamers, while gamer participants did not differentiate between gamers and non-gamers in the ideal marriage (...)
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  2.  12
    Perspective taking reduces intergroup bias in visual representations of faces.Ryan J. Hutchings, Austin J. Simpson, Jeffrey W. Sherman & Andrew R. Todd - 2021 - Cognition 214 (C):104808.
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  3.  18
    But how does it develop? Adopting a sociocultural lens to the development of intergroup bias among children.Niamh McLoughlin & Kathleen H. Corriveau - 2019 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 42.
    We argue that adopting a sociocultural lens to the origins of intergroup bias is important for understanding the nature of attacking and defending behavior at a group level. We specifically propose that the potential divergence in the development of in-group affiliation and out-group derogation supports De Dreu and Gross's framework but does indicate that more emphasis on early sociocultural input is required.
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  4.  8
    Emotions in Intergroup Contact: Incidental and Integral Emotions' Effects on Interethnic Bias Are Moderated by Emotion Applicability and Subjective Agency.Stefania Paolini, Jake Harwood, Aleksandra Logatchova, Mark Rubin & Matylda Mackiewicz - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12:588944.
    This research draws from three distinct lines of research on the link between emotions and intergroup bias as springboard to integrative, new hypotheses. Past research suggests that emotions extrinsic to the outgroup (or “incidental”), and intrinsic to the outgroup (or “integral”), produce valence-congruent effects on intergroup bias when relevant or “applicable” to the outgroup (e.g., incidental/integral anger and ethnic outgroups). These emotions produce valenceincongruent effects when irrelevant or “non-applicable” to the outgroup (e.g., incidental/integral sadness and happiness, (...)
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  5.  14
    Intergroup tolerance leads to subjective morality, which in turn is associated with (but does not lead to) reduced religiosity.Onurcan Yilmaz, Hasan G. Bahçekapili, Mehmet Harma & Barış Sevi - 2020 - Archive for the Psychology of Religion 42 (2):232-243.
    Although the effect of religious belief on morally relevant behavior is well demonstrated, the reverse influence is less known. In this research, we examined the influence of morality on religious belief. In the first study, we used two samples from Turkey and the United States, and specifically tested the hypothesis that intergroup tolerance predicts a shift in meta-ethical views toward subjective morality, which in turn predicts decreased religious belief. To examine the relationship between intergroup tolerance and religiosity via (...)
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  6.  12
    Is Social Categorization Spatially Organized in a “Mental Line”? Empirical Evidences for Spatial Bias in Intergroup Differentiation.Fabio Presaghi & Marika Rullo - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  7.  13
    Accomplishing Intergroup Relations in Group Homes: A Discursive Analysis of Professionals Talking About External and Internal Stakeholders.Marzia Saglietti & Filomena Marino - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Focusing on one of the most studied dimensions of Social Psychology, i.e., intergroup relations, this study analyzes its discursive accomplishment in a specific group-based intervention, i.e., the talk and work of an Italian group home, i.e., a small alternative care facility hosting a group of out-of-home children. Particularly, we focused on the fictionally called “Nuns’ Home,” a group home previously investigated for its ethnocentric bias, and its intergroup relations with “inside” and “outside” groups, such as schools, biological (...)
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  8.  15
    How Racial/Ethnic Diversity in Urban Schools Shapes Intergroup Relations and Well-Being: Unpacking Intersectionality and Multiple Identities Perspectives.Negin Ghavami, Kara Kogachi & Sandra Graham - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    Today’s urban schools provide a unique intergroup context in which the students vary not only by race/ethnicity but also by the relative representation of their racial/ethnic groups. In two studies, we examined how this diversity aligns with intersectionality and multiple identities perspectives to affect the power and status associated with each group to shape intergroup dynamics. Study 1 focused on the perception of intergroup bias to investigate how perceived presence of same-race/ethnicity peers affects middle school students’ (...)
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  9.  12
    The Origins of Intergroup Resource Inequality Influence Children’s Decision to Perpetuate or Rectify Inequality.Jing An, Jing Yu & Liqi Zhu - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    Previous studies have explored children’s intergroup resource allocation in the context of preexisting intergroup resource inequality. However, resource inequality between social groups often originates from different factors. This study explored the role of the origins of resource inequality on children’s intergroup resource allocations. In experiment 1, when there was no explicit origin of the intergroup inequality, children of different ages mainly allocated resources in an equal way and 5- to 6-year-olds showed ingroup bias. In experiment (...)
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  10. Pathogen Prevalence, Group Bias, and Collectivism in the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample.Elizabeth Cashdan & Matthew Steele - 2013 - Human Nature 24 (1):59-75.
    It has been argued that people in areas with high pathogen loads will be more likely to avoid outsiders, to be biased in favor of in-groups, and to hold collectivist and conformist values. Cross-national studies have supported these predictions. In this paper we provide new pathogen codes for the 186 cultures of the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample and use them, together with existing pathogen and ethnographic data, to try to replicate these cross-national findings. In support of the theory, we found that (...)
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  11.  6
    The Development of Intergroup Cooperation: Children Show Impartial Fairness and Biased Care.John Corbit, Hayley MacDougall, Stef Hartlin & Chris Moore - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    One of the most remarkable features of human societies is our ability to cooperate with each other. However, the benefits of cooperation are not extended to everyone. Indeed, another hallmark of human societies is a division between us and them. Favoritism toward members of our group can result in a loss of empathy and greater tolerance of harm toward those outside our group. The current study sought to investigate how in-group bias impacts the developmental emergence of concerns for fairness (...)
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  12.  10
    Theory of Mind as a Correlate of Bystanders’ Reasoning About Intergroup Bullying of Syrian Refugee Youth.Seçil Gönültaş & Kelly Lynn Mulvey - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    The current study examined how ingroup and outgroup Theory of Mind predicts children’s and adolescents’ reasoning for their acceptability judgments of intergroup bullying of Syrian refugee peers and group support of intergroup bullying. Participants included 587 Turkish middle and high school students. Participants read a bias-based bullying story with a Syrian refugee peer targeted by an ingroup Turkish peer. Then, participants rated the acceptability of bullying and group support of bullying and were presented with a reasoning question (...)
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  13. Attributionism and Moral Responsibility for Implicit Bias.Michael Brownstein - 2016 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 7 (4):765-786.
    Implicit intergroup biases have been shown to impact social behavior in many unsettling ways, from disparities in decisions to “shoot” black and white men in a computer simulation to unequal gender-based evaluations of résumés and CVs. It is a difficult question whether, and in what way, agents are responsible for behaviors affected by implicit biases. I argue that in paradigmatic cases agents are responsible for these behaviors in the sense that the behavior is “attributable” to them. That is, behaviors (...)
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  14.  9
    Social identity-based motivation modulates attention bias toward negative information: an event-related brain potential study.Benoit Montalan, Alexis Boitout, Mathieu Veujoz, Arnaud Leleu, Raymonde Germain, Bernard Personnaz, Robert Lalonde & Mohamed Rebaï - 2011 - Socioaffective Neuroscience and Psychology 1:1-15.
    Research has demonstrated that people readily pay more attention to negative than to positive and/or neutral stimuli. However, evidence from recent studies indicated that such an attention bias to negative information is not obligatory but sensitive to various factors. Two experiments using intergroup evaluative tasks (Study 1: a gender-related groups evaluative task and Study 2: a minimal-related groups evaluative task) was conducted to determine whether motivation to strive for a positive social identity - a part of one's self-concept (...)
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  15.  31
    The Merchant of Venice in Auschwitz: Taking Apart Shylock Using the SCM and BIAS Map.Susan L. Knutson - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    In response to Frontiers’ 2020 Call for Papers on “Stereotypes and Intercultural Relations: Interdisciplinary Integration, New Approaches, and New Contexts,” my paper integrates the scientific study of stereotypes with a literary-theatrical exploration of stereotyping. The focus is on Tibor Egervari’s post-Auschwitz adaptation of Shakespeare’s anti-Semitic comedy The Merchant of Venice, with a very brief look at his related work on Christopher Marlowe’s The Jew of Malta and his 1998 collaboration with conductor Georg Tintner on a touring production of composer Viktor (...)
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  16.  42
    Actual and perceived sharing of ethical reasoning and moral intent among in-group and out-group members.Neil A. Granitz & James C. Ward - 2001 - Journal of Business Ethics 33 (4):299 - 322.
    Despite an extensive amount of research studying the influence of significant others on an individual's ethical behavior, researchers have not examined this variable in the context of organizational group boundaries. This study tests actual and perceptual sharing and variation in ethical reasoning and moral intent within and across functional groups in an organization. Integrating theory on ethical behavior, group dynamics, and culture, it is proposed that organizational structure affects cognitive structure. Departmental boundaries create stronger social ties within the group as (...)
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  17.  15
    Who would Iranian Muslims help? Religious dimensions and moral foundations as predictors.Mehdi Mikani, Kazem Rasoolzadeh Tabatabaei & Parviz Azadfallah - 2022 - Archive for the Psychology of Religion 44 (1):23-39.
    Religiosity has been linked with prosocial behavior and a preference for religious ingroups over outgroups. Yet, there are important differences in religious people’s beliefs, values, and practices. Fundamental and quest orientation toward religion may differentially predict intergroup bias in prosociality. Also, individualizing and binding moral foundations may have diverse effects on ingroup and outgroup bias in helping, as moral foundations theory suggests that individualizing and binding foundations differ in how much they focus on ingroup and outgroup moral (...)
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  18.  13
    Psychologically based, anti-prejudice educational intervention – project.Małgorzata Wójcik & Katarzyna Popiołek - 2012 - Polish Psychological Bulletin 43 (4):223-232.
    The presented study explores the possibility of creating and implementing educational program which would reduce intergroup bias in realistic high school setting. The project was based on the assumption that there is the need of easily applicable, anti-prejudice intervention, which would be appropriate to introduce into foreign language course books, would be universal in terms of changing negative attitudes and would meet all methodological requirements of language lessons. Crossed categorization and the common ingroup identity model were used as (...)
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  19.  18
    Theory, Media, and Democracy for Realists.Peter Beattie - 2018 - Critical Review: A Journal of Politics and Society 30 (1):13-35.
    Democracy for Realists delivers a long-overdue attack upon apologetics for American political realities. Achen and Bartels argue that the “folk theory of democracy” is not an accurate description of democracy in the United States and that without a greater degree of economic and social equality, democracy will remain an unattainable ideal. But their account of the gap between ideal and actual relies too heavily on the innate cognitive limitations and biases (particularly intergroup bias) of our psychology. These are (...)
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  20. Stereotypes, Prejudice, and the Taxonomy of the Implicit Social Mind.Alex Madva & Michael Brownstein - 2018 - Noûs 52 (3):611-644.
    How do cognition and affect interact to produce action? Research in intergroup psychology illuminates this question by investigating the relationship between stereotypes and prejudices about social groups. Yet it is now clear that many social attitudes are implicit. This raises the question: how does the distinction between cognition and affect apply to implicit mental states? An influential view—roughly analogous to a Humean theory of action—is that “implicit stereotypes” and “implicit prejudices” constitute two separate constructs, reflecting different mental processes and (...)
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  21.  53
    We cannot empathize with what we do not recognize: Perceptions of structural versus interpersonal racism in South Africa.Melike M. Fourie & Samantha L. Moore-Berg - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Recent research suggests holding a structural, rather than interpersonal, understanding of racism is associated with greater impetus to address racial disparities. We believe greater acknowledgment of structural racism also functions to mitigate against empathic failures in response to structural injustices. Given South Africa’s situatedness as a country characterized by historical racialized oppression and continuing unjust legacies, it is appropriate to examine these ideas there. Across three studies, we tested the hypotheses that members of advantaged groups’ perspective taking and empathic concern (...)
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  22.  64
    Children and Adolescents’ Ingroup Biases and Developmental Differences in Evaluations of Peers Who Misinform.Aqsa Farooq, Eirini Ketzitzidou Argyri, Anna Adlam & Adam Rutland - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Previous developmental research shows that young children display a preference for ingroup members when it comes to who they accept information from – even when that information is false. However, it is not clear how this ingroup bias develops into adolescence, and how it affects responses about peers who misinform in intergroup contexts, which is important to explore with growing numbers of young people on online platforms. Given that the developmental span from childhood to adolescence is when social (...)
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  23.  12
    Self-Stigma Among People With Mental Health Problems in Terms of Warmth and Competence.Laura Gärtner, Frank Asbrock, Frank Euteneuer, Winfried Rief & Stefan Salzmann - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    IntroductionSelf-stigma arising from public stigma is a heavy burden for people suffering from mental health problems. Both public stigma and self-stigma encompass the same three elements: stereotype, prejudice, and discrimination. Public stigma has already been successfully explored by the Stereotype Content Model and the Behaviors from Intergroup Affect and Stereotypes map. However, this is not the case for self-stigma. Therefore, this is the first study that applies SCM and the BIAS map to self-stigma by examining whether the effects (...)
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  24. The Common-Core/Diversity Dilemma: Revisions of Humean thought, New Empirical Research, and the Limits of Rational Religious Belief.Branden Thornhill-Miller & Peter Millican - 2015 - European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 7 (1):1--49.
    This paper is the product of an interdisciplinary, interreligious dialogue aiming to outline some of the possibilities and rational limits of supernatural religious belief, in the light of a critique of David Hume’s familiar sceptical arguments -- including a rejection of his famous Maxim on miracles -- combined with a range of striking recent empirical research. The Humean nexus leads us to the formulation of a new ”Common-Core/Diversity Dilemma’, which suggests that the contradictions between different religious belief systems, in conjunction (...)
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  25.  28
    A note on deduction theorem for gödel's propositional calculus G.Ewa Żarnecka-Biaŀy - 1968 - Studia Logica 23 (1):35 - 41.
  26.  13
    A note on deduction theorem for Gödel's propositional calculus G4.Ewa Żarnecka-Biaŀy - 1968 - Studia Logica 23 (1):35-40.
  27. Apáczai Csere János: Kismonográfia.Ernő Fábián - 1975 - Kolozsvár-Napoca: Dacia.
     
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  28.  4
    A fájdalom embere: találgatások a halálról.László Fábián - 1997 - Budapest: Kráter Műhely Egyesület.
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  29. A gond embere: létváz.László Fábián - 2002 - Veszprém: Művészetek Háza.
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  30. Semantica e lessicologia storiche: atti del XXXII Congresso internazionale di studi, Budapest 29-31 ottobre 1998.Zsuzsanna Fábián & Giampaolo Salvi (eds.) - 2001 - Roma: Bulzoni.
     
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  31. The gender of illiberalism : new transnational alliances against open societies in Central and Eastern Europe.Katalin Fábián - 2023 - In Christof Royer & Liviu Matei (eds.), Open society unresolved: the contemporary relevance of a contested idea. New York: Central European University Press.
  32.  8
    Művészet és tér: Hamvas Béla-konferencia balatonfüred, 2014. március 21-22.Krisztián Tóbiás, László Cserép & István Nádler (eds.) - 2014 - Balatonfüred: Balatonfüred Városért Közalapítvány.
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  33.  20
    Sanctification, Hardening of the Heart, and Frankfurt's Concept of.On Some Worldly Worries, Care Justice & Gender Bias - 1988 - Journal of Philosophy 85 (8):436-437.
  34.  22
    Opting out: confidentiality and availability of an ‘alibi’ for potential living kidney donors in the USA: Table 1.Carrie Thiessen, Yunsoo A. Kim, Richard Formica, Margaret Bia & Sanjay Kulkarni - 2015 - Journal of Medical Ethics 41 (7):506-510.
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  35. Australasian Journal of Philosophy Contents of Volume 91.Present Desire Satisfaction, Past Well-Being, Volatile Reasons, Epistemic Focal Bias, Some Evidence is False, Counting Stages, Vague Entailment, What Russell Couldn'T. Describe, Liberal Thinking & Intentional Action First - 2013 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 91 (4).
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  36. Intergroup conflicts in human evolution: A critical review of the parochial altruism model(人間進化における集団間紛争 ―偏狭な利他性モデルを中心に―).Hisashi Nakao, Kohei Tamura & Tomomi Nakagawa - 2023 - Japanese Psychological Review 65 (2):119-134.
    The evolution of altruism in human societies has been intensively investigated in social and natural sciences. A widely acknowledged recent idea is the “parochial altruism model,” which suggests that inter- group hostility and intragroup altruism can coevolve through lethal intergroup conflicts. The current article critically examines this idea by reviewing research relevant to intergroup conflicts in human evolutionary history from evolutionary biology, psychology, cultural anthropology, and archaeology. After a brief intro- duction, section 2 illustrates the mathematical model of (...)
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  37. Ranking Exercises in Philosophy and Implicit Bias.Jennifer Saul - 2012 - Journal of Social Philosophy 43 (3):256-273.
  38.  34
    On belief bias in syllogistic reasoning.Karl Christoph Klauer, Jochen Musch & Birgit Naumer - 2000 - Psychological Review 107 (4):852-884.
  39.  55
    Black Boxes and Bias in AI Challenge Autonomy.Craig M. Klugman - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (7):33-35.
    In “Artificial Intelligence, Social Media and Depression: A New Concept of Health-Related Digital Autonomy,” Laacke and colleagues posit a revised model of autonomy when using digital algori...
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  40.  39
    Reward predictions bias attentional selection.Brian A. Anderson, Patryk A. Laurent & Steven Yantis - 2013 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7.
  41.  55
    Anxiety and Attentional Bias: State and Trait.Donald Broadbent & Margaret Broadbent - 1988 - Cognition and Emotion 2 (3):165-183.
  42.  34
    Enhanced probing of attentional bias: The independence of anxiety-linked selectivity in attentional engagement with and disengagement from negative information.Ben Grafton & Colin MacLeod - 2014 - Cognition and Emotion 28 (7):1287-1302.
  43.  36
    Conceptual complexity and the bias/variance tradeoff.Erica Briscoe & Jacob Feldman - 2011 - Cognition 118 (1):2-16.
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  44.  17
    Assessing the belief bias effect with ROCs: Reply to Dube, Rotello, and Heit (2010).Karl Christoph Klauer & David Kellen - 2011 - Psychological Review 118 (1):164-173.
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  45.  61
    Ethics and EBM: acknowledging bias, accepting difference and embracing politics.Ian Kerridge - 2010 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 16 (2):365-373.
  46. Bias, Structure, and Injustice: A Reply to Haslanger.Robin Zheng - 2018 - Feminist Philosophy Quarterly 4 (1):1-30.
    Sally Haslanger has recently argued that philosophical focus on implicit bias is overly individualist, since social inequalities are best explained in terms of social structures rather than the actions and attitudes of individuals. I argue that questions of individual responsibility and implicit bias, properly understood, do constitute an important part of addressing structural injustice, and I propose an alternative conception of social structure according to which implicit biases are themselves best understood as a special type of structure.
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  47. The inherent bias in positing an inherence heuristic.Muhammad Ali Khalidi & Joshua Mugg - 2014 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37 (5):493-494.
    There are two problems with Cimpian & Salomon’s (C&S’s) claim that an innate inherence heuristic is part of our cognitive makeup. First, some of their examples of inherent features do not seem to accord with the authors’ own definition of inherence. Second, rather than posit an inherence heuristic to explain why humans rely more heavily on inherent features, it may be more parsimonious to do so on the basis of aspects of the world itself and our relationship to it.
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  48.  78
    Intergroup Aggression in Chimpanzees and War in Nomadic Hunter-Gatherers.Richard W. Wrangham & Luke Glowacki - 2012 - Human Nature 23 (1):5-29.
    Chimpanzee and hunter-gatherer intergroup aggression differ in important ways, including humans having the ability to form peaceful relationships and alliances among groups. This paper nevertheless evaluates the hypothesis that intergroup aggression evolved according to the same functional principles in the two species—selection favoring a tendency to kill members of neighboring groups when killing could be carried out safely. According to this idea chimpanzees and humans are equally risk-averse when fighting. When self-sacrificial war practices are found in humans, therefore, (...)
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  49.  17
    When does an experimenter bias?Phoebe C. Ellsworth - 1978 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1 (3):392-393.
  50.  9
    The polysemy of ‘fallacy’—or ‘bias’, for that matter.Frank Zenker - 2016 - In Patrick Bondy & Laura Benaquista (eds.), Argumentation, Objectivity and Bias. pp. 2371-8323.
    Starting with a brief overview of current usages, this paper offers some constituents of a use-based analysis of ‘fallacy’, listing 16 conditions that have, for the most part implicitly, been discussed in the literature. Our thesis is that at least three related conceptions of ‘fallacy’ can be identified. The 16 conditions thus serve to “carve out” a semantic core and to distinguish three core-specifications. As our discussion suggests, these specifications can be related to three normative positions in the philosophy of (...)
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