In this chapter I explore, in some cases for the first time, the significance of the ethical, liberatory dimension of Spinoza’s thought among a number of women philosophers across the long nineteenth century’s German tradition. I begin with brief discussions of Elise Reimarus and Charlotte von Stein. I then proceed to more in-depth treatments of Caroline Michaelis- Böhmer-Schlegel-Schelling and Karoline von Günderrode, stressing not only that we may learn about both in drawing out a link to Spinoza or Spinozism, but (...) likewise that we can deepen our understanding of Spinoza in bringing him into dialogue with each (in particular regarding, respectively, the importance of others for self-expression, as well as the metaphysical and ethical status of death, especially suicide). I conclude with a discussion of the turn-of-the-century thinkers Lou Salomé as well as Resa von Schirnhofer, Anna Tumarkin, and especially Elisabeth Schmitt—some of the first academic women philosophers in the German-language context, all closely engaged with Spinoza’s writings—before presenting final remarks concerning the status of Spinoza’s thought in the present context. (shrink)

The Sensible World and the World of Expression presents the lecture notes for a course taught by Maurice Marleau-Ponty, a central figure of phenomenological philosophy, at a key point in his career.

Bruno Latour is one of the founding figures in social network theory and a broadly influential systems thinker. Although his work has always been relational, little scholarship has engaged the relational morality, ontology, and epistemology of feminist care ethics with Latour’s actor–network theory. This article is intended as a translation and a prompt to spur further interactions. Latour’s recent publications, in particular, have focused on the new climate regime of the Anthropocene. Care theorists are just beginning to address posthuman approaches (...) to care. The argument here is that Latourian analysis is helpful for such explorations, given that caring for the earth and its inhabitants is the dire moral challenge of our time. The aim here is not to characterize Latour as a care theorist but rather as a provocative scholar who has much to say that is significant to care thinking. We begin with a brief introduction to Latour’s scholarship and lexicon, followed by a discussion of care theorist Puig de la Bellacasa’s work on Latour. We then explore recent work on care and the environment consistent with a Latourian approach. The conclusion reinforces the notion that valuing relationality across humans and non-human matter is essential to confronting the Anthropocene. (shrink)

_Winner of the 1974 National Book Award_ The product of many years of reflection on phenomenology, this book is a comprehensive and creative introduction to the philosophy of Edmund Husserl. Natanson uses Husserl's later work as a clue to the meaning of his entire intellectual career, showing how his earlier methodological work evolved into the search for transcendental roots and developed into a philosophy of the life-world. Phenomenology, for Natanson, emerges as a philosophy of origin, a transcendental discipline concerned with (...) consciousness, history, and world rather than with introspection and traditional metaphysical warfare. (shrink)

A travers cette série d'entretiens et d'articles qui courent de la fin de la guerre au milieu des Trente Glorieuses, on retrouve le Merleau-Ponty d'Humanisme et Terreur et des Aventures de la dialectique, un philosophe engagé dans les questions politiques et sociales de son temps. Après la Libération, dans une France qui entre de plain-pied dans la modernité, prise dans la tourmente de la Guerre froide qui voit s'affronter modèle américain et modèle soviétique, comment trouver une voie nouvelle pour la (...) démocratie sans renoncer aux espoirs d'avant-guerre? Comment penser la question de l'engagement et le rôle du philosophe dans une société en pleine mutation? A la notion d'adversaire, qui suppose un conflit, Merleau-Ponty substitue celle d'adversité, inspirée de l'expérience de l'artiste qui, face à la résistance du matériau, ne saurait cependant renoncer à l'élaboration de l'oeuvre. Ainsi, le philosophe engagé s'exerce-t-il en toute chose, en tout événement, à rechercher la voie d'un " progrès de conscience ". Au fil des conversations, il témoigne de l'expérience des Temps modernes et de son compagnonnage avec Sartre, de la genèse de la phénoménologie, de sa passion pour la littérature et les arts, mais aussi de ses réflexions sur la psychanalyse ou de son regard sur l'Afrique et Madagascar à la veille de l'indépendance. (shrink)

Preface and Acknowledgments Introduction. The Galileo Affair from Descartes to John Paul II: A Survey of Sources, Facts, and Issues 1. The Condemnation of Galileo 2. Promulgation and Diffusion of the News 3. Emblematic Reactions: Descartes, Peiresc, Galileo’s Daughter 4. Polarizations: Secularism, Liberalism, Fundamentalism 5. Compromises: Viviani, Auzout, Leibniz 6. Myth-making or Enlightenment? Pascal, Voltaire, the Encyclopedia 7. Incompetence or Enlightenment? Pope Benedict XIV 8. New Lies, Documents, Myths, Apologies 9. Napoleonic Wars and Trials 10. The Inquisition on Galileo’s Side? (...) The Settele Affair and Beyond 11. Varieties of Torture: Demythologizing Galileo’s Trial? 12. A Miscarriage of Justice? The Documentation of Impropriety 13. Galileo Right Again, Wrong Again: Hermeneutics, Epistemology, "Heresy" 14. A Catholic Hero: Tricentennial Rehabilitation 15. Secular Indictments: Brecht’s Atomic Bomb and Koestler’s Two Cultures 16. History on Trial: The Paschini Affair 17. More "Rehabilitation": Pope John Paul II Epilogue: Unfinished Business. (shrink)

Künstlerische Naturnachahmung zielt auf einen gesteigerten Realitätsgrad der Bildwerke. Die Beiträge des Bandes gehen der Frage nach, welche Relevanz Praktiken bildnerischer Beschreibung und Spielarten von Illusionismus haben und inwieweit sich aus der scheinbaren Zurücknahme der künstlerischen Intervention Momente von Objektivität und Ansprüche auf Wahrheit ableiten. Dabei werden die divergierenden Bedeutungen des Naturlismus-Begriffs deutlich.

This book looks at two ‘revolutions’ in philosophy – phenomenology and conceptual analysis which have been influential in sociology and psychology. It discusses humanistic psychiatry and sociological approaches to the specific area of mental illness, which counter the ultimately reductionist implications of Freudian psycho-analytic theory. The book, originally published in 1973, concludes by stating the broad underlying themes of the two forms of humanistic philosophy and indicating how they relate to the problems of theory and method in sociology.

Ethical care is beginning to be recognised as care that accounts for the views of those at the receiving end of care. However, in the context of palliative and supportive district nursing care, the patients’ and their carers’ views are seldom heard. This qualitative research study explores these views. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 26 patients with palliative and supportive care needs receiving district nursing care, and 13 of their carers. Participants were recruited via community nurses and hospices (...) between September 2010 and October 2011. Post-structural discourse analysis is used to examine how discourses operate on a moral level. One discourse, ‘busyness’, is argued to preclude a moral form of nursing care. The discourse of friendship is presented to contrast this. Discussion explores Gallagher’s ‘slow ethics’ and challenges the currently accepted ways of measuring to improve quality of care concluding that quality cannot be measured. (shrink)

Citizenship rights have become vital to our sense of personal identity and social membership in modern society. Roche argues that today we have to shift from the conventional postwar politics of social rights to a new politics of social obligations and personal responsibility.

The Possibility of Philosophy presents the notes Maurice Merleau-Ponty prepared for three courses he taught at the Collège de France. Two of these courses were the last he taught before his unexpected death in 1961.

Après un bref rappel de la définition freudienne du transfert, l’auteur examine les conceptions du transfert dans le cadre de la clinique conjugale. Il présente deux théorisations du transfert qui engendrent des pratiques distinctes, voire opposées.

This article presents an empirical study of approaches to ethical decision-making among nurses and doctors. It takes as its starting point the distinction between the perspectives of care and of justice in ethical thinking, and the view that nurses' thinking will be aligned with the former and doctors' with the latter. It goes on to argue that the differences in these approaches are best understood in terms of the distinction between partialist and impartialist modes of moral thinking. The study seeks (...) to determine the distribution of these modes of thinking between nurses and doctors, and finds that there are no signif icant differences between them. A 'two-level' philosophical view of the nature of moral thinking is appealed to in order to explain the study findings. (shrink)

In diesem sehr gründlich verfassten Werk werden alle Positionen der Philosophie des Altertums und der Spätantike behandelt und in ihrer Wirkkraft auf die mittelalterliche Philosophie transparent gemacht. Die Darstellung der mittelalterlichen Philosophie mit ihren scholastischen und nichtscholastischen Schulen, sowie den jüdischen und arabischen Nebenströmungen bilden den Höhepunkt, dieses dem Grundsatz der Kontinuität verpflichteten Werkes. Das Fortwirken dieser Philosophie wird bis ins 17. Jahrhundert hinein verfolgt und bietet somit eine umfassende Darstellung der mittelalterlichen Philosophie, die zeigt, dass „die Scholastik am Mangel (...) an Menschen und nicht am Mangel an Ideen verfiel“. (shrink)

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be (...) preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. (shrink)

The texts of the book are concerned with G. Bergmann's open and new problems and their active role on issues in contemporary metaphysics, like the ontology of ties, connexions and relations, problems of exemplification, substrates and tropes theories, particulars, persistence and the metaphysics of space, time and existence. Papers deal with these themes by themselves, or discuss them in an associated way: some of them aim to clarify the complicated conceptual Relations Bergmann have enlarged with major themes of philosophers like (...) Aristotle, Brentano, Meinong and Sellars. The purpose of the book is to provide some light on his central interests, but also in regard of the evolution of the actual scope of his thought. (shrink)