Results for 'Samuel A. Nordli'

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  1.  20
    Habit formation generates secondary modules that emulate the efficiency of evolved behavior.Samuel A. Nordli & Peter M. Todd - 2017 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 40.
    We discuss the evolutionary implications of connections drawn between the authors' learned “secondary modules” and the habit-formation system that appears to be ubiquitous among vertebrates. Prior to any subsequent coevolution with social learning, we suggest that aspects of general intelligence likely arose in tandem with mechanisms of adaptive motor control that rely on basal ganglia circuitry.
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  2.  8
    Self-control (or willpower) seeks to bias the resolution of motivational conflicts toward an individual's long-term interests.Samuel A. Nordli & Edward R. Hirt - 2021 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 44.
    We define self-control as an individual's efforts to bias the outcome of present or anticipated motivational conflicts in order to increase the likelihood that subsequent behavior serves perceived long-term interests. We suggest suppression and resolve are not “mechanisms” that underlie self-control, but rather are classes of strategies that influence motivations in order to increase the likelihood of successful self-control outcomes.
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  3. Is justification easy or impossible? Getting acquainted with a middle road.Samuel A. Taylor - 2015 - Synthese 192 (9):2987-3009.
    Can a belief source confer justification when we lack antecedent justification for believing that it’s reliable? A negative answer quickly leads to skepticism. A positive answer, however, seems to commit one to allowing pernicious reasoning known as “epistemic bootstrapping.” Puzzles surrounding bootstrapping arise because we illicitly assume either that justification requires doxastic awareness of a source’s epistemic credentials or that there is no requirement that a subject be aware of these credentials. We can resolve the puzzle by splitting the horns (...)
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  4.  84
    Jacques Rancière and the problem of pure politics.Samuel A. Chambers - 2011 - European Journal of Political Theory 10 (3):303-326.
    Over the past decade, Jacques Rancière’s writings have increasingly provoked and inspired political theorists who wish to avoid both the abstraction of so-called normative theories and the philosophical platitudes of so-called postmodernism. Rancière offers a new and unique definition of politics, la politique, as that which opposes, thwarts and interrupts what Rancière calls the police order, la police — a term that encapsulates most of what we normally think of as politics (the actions of bureaucracies, parliaments, and courts). Interpreters have (...)
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  5.  27
    Origins of music in credible signaling.Samuel A. Mehr, Max M. Krasnow, Gregory A. Bryant & Edward H. Hagen - 2021 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 44:e60.
    Music comprises a diverse category of cognitive phenomena that likely represent both the effects of psychological adaptations that are specific to music (e.g., rhythmic entrainment) and the effects of adaptations for non-musical functions (e.g., auditory scene analysis). How did music evolve? Here, we show that prevailing views on the evolution of music – that music is a byproduct of other evolved faculties, evolved for social bonding, or evolved to signal mate quality – are incomplete or wrong. We argue instead that (...)
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  6.  17
    The Lessons of Rancière.Samuel A. Chambers - 2013 - Oup Usa.
    What if "liberal democracy" were a contradiction in terms? This book distinguishes liberalism from democracy to defend a Rancirean vision of impure politics. Disclosing Rancire's refusal of ontology as political, The Lessons of Rancire enacts a critical theory beyond unmasking and a democratic politics beyond liberalism.
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  7. What seemings seem to be.Samuel A. Taylor - 2015 - Episteme 12 (3):363-384.
    According to Phenomenal Conservatism (PC), if it seems to a subject S that P, S thereby has some degree of (defeasible) justification for believing P. But what is it for P to seem true? Answering this question is vital for assessing what role (if any) such states can play. Many have appeared to adopt a kind of non-reductionism that construes seemings as intentional states which cannot be reduced to more familiar mental states like beliefs or sensations. In this paper I (...)
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  8.  80
    Kant on Common-sense and the Unity of Judgments of Taste.Samuel A. Stoner - 2019 - Kant Yearbook 11 (1):81-99.
    Though the notion of common-sense plays an important role in Kant’s aesthetic theory, it is not immediately clear what Kant means by this term. This essay works to clarify the role that common-sense plays in the logic of Kant’s argument. My interpretive hypothesis is that a careful examination of the way common-sense functions in Kant’s account of judgments of taste can help explain what this notion means. I argue that common-sense names the capacity to discern the relation between the cognitive (...)
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  9.  28
    A dialectic of cooperation and competition: Solidarity and universal health care provision.Samuel A. Butler - 2012 - Bioethics 26 (7):351-360.
    The concept of solidarity has achieved relatively little attention from philosophers, in spite of its signal importance in a variety of social movements over the past 150 years. This means that there is a certain amount of preliminary philosophical work concerning the concept itself that must be undertaken before one can ask about its potential use in arguments concerning the provision of health care. In this paper, I begin with this work through a survey of some of the most prominent (...)
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  10. A Machine That Knows Its Own Code.Samuel A. Alexander - 2014 - Studia Logica 102 (3):567-576.
  11.  42
    Acquaintance, Attention, and Introspective Justification.Samuel A. Taylor - 2024 - Acta Analytica 39 (2):313-334.
    This paper develops a version of the acquaintance theory of introspective justification. In the process, it rejects the view that acquaintance is sui generic in favor of a view that identifies acquaintance with availability for selection by attention mechanisms. Moreover, unlike many recent accounts of knowledge by acquaintance, it explains the epistemic significance of acquaintance in terms of the epistemic basing relation without any need to appeal to the structure or existence of phenomenal concepts. Lastly, while in ideal cases acquaintance (...)
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  12.  53
    Undoing Neoliberalism: Homo Œconomicus, Homo Politicus, and the Zōon Politikon.Samuel A. Chambers - 2018 - Critical Inquiry 44 (4):706-732.
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  13.  68
    Who Is Descartes’ Evil Genius?Samuel A. Stoner - 2018 - Journal of Early Modern Studies 7 (2):9-29.
    This essay examines René Descartes’ Meditations on First Philosophy. It argues that the evil genius is the meditator who narrates Meditations and that Descartes’ goal in Meditation One is to transform his readers into evil geniuses. This account of the evil genius is significant because it explains why the evil genius must be finite and why it cannot call mathematics or logic into doubt. Further, it highlights the need to read the Meditations on two levels—one examining the meditator’s line of (...)
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  14.  26
    Export Controls and the Tensions Between Academic Freedom and National Security.Samuel A. W. Evans & Walter D. Valdivia - 2012 - Minerva 50 (2):169-190.
    In the U.S.A., advocates of academic freedom—the ability to pursue research unencumbered by government controls—have long found sparring partners in government officials who regulate technology trade. From concern over classified research in the 1950s, to the expansion of export controls to cover trade in information in the 1970s, to current debates over emerging technologies and global innovation, the academic community and the government have each sought opportunities to demarcate the sphere of their respective authority and autonomy and assert themselves in (...)
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  15.  75
    Arendt and Aristotle on Equality, Leisure, and Solidarity.Samuel A. Butler - 2010 - Journal of Social Philosophy 41 (4):470-490.
  16.  36
    'Sex' and the Problem of the Body: Reconstructing Judith Butler's Theory of Sex/gender.Samuel A. Chambers - 2007 - Body and Society 13 (4):47-75.
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  17. 'Report on the Diseases and Physical Peculiarities of the Negro Race'.Samuel A. Cartwright - 2004 - In Arthur L. Caplan, James J. McCartney & Dominic A. Sisti (eds.), Health, Disease, and Illness: Concepts in Medicine. Georgetown University Press. pp. 28--39.
  18.  11
    Inferential Internalism Defended.Samuel A. Taylor & Brett Coppenger - 2024 - Southwest Philosophy Review 40 (1):195-206.
    Many of our beliefs are the product of inference and depend on chains of reasoning from other beliefs we hold. Inferential internalism is the view that an inference can only provide justification if one is aware of the support relation that holds between the premises and conclusion. This inferential internalist requirement is controversial even among epistemologists who accept internalist conditions on justification more generally. In this paper, we argue that the intuition underlying a central motivation for internalism more generally is (...)
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  19. Organizational alignments, schisms, and high-integrity managerial behavior.Samuel A. Culbert & John J. McDonough - 1988 - In Suresh Srivastva (ed.), Executive integrity: the search for high human values in organizational life. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. pp. 223--242.
     
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  20.  16
    Kant on the Philosopher’s Proper Activity.Samuel A. Stoner - 2019 - Epoché: A Journal for the History of Philosophy 24 (1):95-113.
    This essay investigates Kant’s understanding of the philosopher’s proper activity. It begins by examining Kant’s well-known claim in the Critique of Pure Reason that the philosopher is the legislator of human reason. Subsequently, it explicates Kant’s oft-overlooked description of the transcendental philosopher as an admirer of nature’s logical purposiveness, in the ‘First Introduction’ to the Critique of the Power of Judgment. These two accounts suggest very different ways of thinking about the philosopher’s character and concerns. For, while Kant’s philosopher-legislator pursues (...)
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  21. What decision theory provides the best procedure for identifying the best action available to a given artificially intelligent system?Samuel A. Barnett - 2018 - Dissertation, University of Oxford
    Decision theory has had a long-standing history in the behavioural and social sciences as a tool for constructing good approximations of human behaviour. Yet as artificially intelligent systems (AIs) grow in intellectual capacity and eventually outpace humans, decision theory becomes evermore important as a model of AI behaviour. What sort of decision procedure might an AI employ? In this work, I propose that policy-based causal decision theory (PCDT), which places a primacy on the decision-relevance of predictors and simulations of agent (...)
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  22.  19
    Democracy and globalization with sustainable development in Africa: A philosophical perspective.Samuel A. Bassey, Kevin I. Anweting & Augustine T. Maashin - 2019 - Вісник Харківського Національного Університету Імені В. Н. Каразіна. Серія «Філософія. Філософські Перипетії» 61:47-62.
    This paper focuses on how African national leaders can make global democracy relevant to sustainable development in Africa. Seeing the problem of sustainable development in Africa from the structural and functional angles, this paper begins with an introduction and a clarification of terms such as ‘democracy’, ‘globalization’ and ‘development’. It then analyzes the underlying foundations of global democracy and its implications to cultures of the African peoples. This paper tries to place the impact of global democracy on Africa in perspectives (...)
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  23.  57
    Comprehension and recall of sentences.Samuel A. Bobrow & Gordon H. Bower - 1969 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 80 (3p1):455.
  24.  51
    Jacques Rancière’s Lesson on the Lesson.Samuel A. Chambers - 2013 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 45 (6):637-646.
    This article examines the significance of Jacques Rancière’s work on pedagogy, and argues that to make sense of Rancière’s ‘lesson on the lesson’ one must do more but also less than merely explicate Rancière’s texts. It steadfastly refuses to draw out the lessons of Rancière’s writings in the manner of a series of morals, precepts or rules. Rather, it is committed to thinking through the ‘lessons’ of Rancière in another sense. Above all, Rancière wants to ‘teach’ his readers something absolutely (...)
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  25.  52
    Reflective Judgment and Radical Evil in Kant’s Religion.Samuel A. Stoner & Paul T. Wilford - 2021 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 60 (2):277-303.
    The Southern Journal of Philosophy, Volume 60, Issue 2, Page 277-303, June 2022.
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  26.  19
    J. Colin McQuillan, Immanuel Kant: The Very Idea of a Critique of Pure Reason. Reviewed by.Samuel A. Stoner - 2017 - Philosophy in Review 37 (1):22-24.
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  27.  29
    Women and communication in the ancient Near East.Samuel A. Meier - 1991 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 111 (3):540-547.
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  28. Earliest intellectual man's idea of the cosmos.Samuel A. B. Mercer - 1957 - London,: Luzac.
  29. Local Interagency Cooperation.Samuel A. Moore - 1971 - Journal of Thought 71.
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  30. Stability in Insecurity: An Administrative Strength.Samuel A. Moore & Olaf Isachsen - 1972 - Journal of Thought 7 (2):90-5.
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  31.  26
    Toward a productive evolutionary understanding of music.Samuel A. Mehr, Max M. Krasnow, Gregory A. Bryant & Edward H. Hagen - 2021 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 44:e122.
    We discuss approaches to the study of the evolution of music (sect. R1); challenges to each of the two theories of the origins of music presented in the companion target articles (sect. R2); future directions for testing them (sect. R3); and priorities for better understanding the nature of music (sect. R4).
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  32. What Makes Work Meaningful?Samuel A. Mortimer - 2023 - Journal of Business Ethics 185:835-845.
    Prior scholarly approaches to meaningful work have largely fallen into two camps. One focuses on identifying how work can contribute to a meaningful life. The other studies the antecedents and outcomes of workers experiencing their work as meaningful. Neither of these approaches, however, captures what people look for when they seek meaningful work—or so I argue. In this paper, I give a new, commitment-based account of meaningful work by focusing on the reasons people have to choose meaningful work over other (...)
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  33.  10
    Introduction. Modernity and Postmodernity: Our Temporal Orientation.Samuel A. Stoner & Paul T. Wilford - 2021 - In Samuel Stoner & Paul Wilford (eds.), Kant and the Possibility of Progress: From Modern Hopes to Postmodern Anxieties. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 1-16.
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  34. Self-referential theories.Samuel A. Alexander - 2020 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 85 (4):1687-1716.
    We study the structure of families of theories in the language of arithmetic extended to allow these families to refer to one another and to themselves. If a theory contains schemata expressing its own truth and expressing a specific Turing index for itself, and contains some other mild axioms, then that theory is untrue. We exhibit some families of true self-referential theories that barely avoid this forbidden pattern.
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  35.  23
    A Cumulative Peace Action Strategy.Samuel A. Richmond - 1988 - Journal for Peace and Justice Studies 1 (1):71-98.
  36.  16
    A possible empirical violation of Sommers' rule for enforcing ambiguity.Samuel A. Richmond - 1975 - Philosophical Studies 28 (5):363 - 366.
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  37.  18
    On the Primacy of the Spectator in Kant’s Account of Genius.Samuel A. Stoner - 2016 - Review of Metaphysics 70 (1):87-116.
    This essay argues that §49 of Kant’s third Critique pursues the question of the nature of genius through an analysis of the spectator’s response to beautiful art. It presents and defends a spectator-centered interpretation of §49’s opening paragraphs, which clarifies Kant’s notion of aesthetic ideas and reveals that beautiful art provokes a productive imaginative activity in its spectators. This interpretation is significant because it elucidates the character of Kant’s account of genius and his understanding of art criticism. Moreover, it suggests (...)
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  38.  22
    Ethical considerations in targeted paediatric neurosurgery missions.Samuel A. Hughes & Rahul Jandial - 2013 - Journal of Medical Ethics 39 (1):51-54.
    Within the context of global health development approaches, surgical missions to provide care for underserved populations remain the least studied interventions with regard to their methodology. Because of the unique logistical needs of delivering operative care, surgical missions are often described solely in terms of cases performed, with a paucity of discourse on medical ethics. Within surgery, subspecialties that serve patients on a non-elective basis should, it could be argued, create mission strategies that involve a didactic approach and the propagation (...)
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  39.  11
    Commentary 3: Government playing at journalism, not government paying journalists, is the real problem.Samuel A. Terilli - 2008 - Journal of Mass Media Ethics 23 (2):167 – 169.
  40.  11
    Kant and Theodicy: A Search for an Answer to the Problem of Evil by George Huxford.Samuel A. Stoner - 2020 - Review of Metaphysics 74 (1):153-155.
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  41.  65
    Labor, Action, Communication.Samuel A. Butler - 2008 - International Studies in Philosophy 40 (2):1-9.
  42. A Basic Grammar of the Greek New Testament.Samuel A. Cartledge - 1959
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  43.  24
    Accommodating Avicenna, Appropriating Augustine.Samuel A. Pomeroy - 2014 - Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 88:127-144.
    In this paper I argue that Aquinas’s doctrine of prophecy develops from the early period to his more mature articulation as a result of his complex handling of the metaphysical thought of Avicenna. Aquinas subtly distances himself from the implication of Avicenna’s emanationist framework for prophecy, namely that prophetic knowledge is acquired through perfected natural intellectual habit. Yet at the same time he accommodates this aspect insofar as it aligns with Augustine’s biblical neo-Platonism. He does so, as I shall demonstrate, (...)
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  44.  8
    Comments on Simpson’s “More Clarity About Concessive Knowledge Attributions”.Samuel A. Taylor - 2022 - Southwest Philosophy Review 38 (2):13-16.
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  45.  12
    Spiele und Spielzeug im antiken PalästinaSpiele und Spielzeug im antiken Palastina.Samuel A. Meier, Ulrich Hübner & Ulrich Hubner - 1996 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 116 (3):534.
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  46.  8
    The Role of the Messenger and Message in the Ancient near East.Samuel A. Meier & John T. Greene - 1990 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 110 (4):752.
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  47.  22
    Kant's Philosophy of Communication by G. L. Ercolini.Samuel A. Stoner - 2018 - Philosophy and Rhetoric 51 (3):315-320.
    The Enlightenment can be described as an attempt to make reason more worldly in order to make the world more reasonable, and the Enlightenment project is characterized by an unflagging confidence in reason's ability to ensure humanity's progress toward a more peaceful, civilized, and moral social and political order. However, the luminaries of the Enlightenment did not succumb to the naive belief that disembodied reason was capable of exercising an immediate influence on human history. To the contrary, these thinkers recognized (...)
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  48. A philosophical solution of the cause of causes.Samuel A. Motheral - 1920 - New York: [Printed by Call printing company.
     
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  49. Infinite graphs in systematic biology, with an application to the species problem.Samuel A. Alexander - 2013 - Acta Biotheoretica 61 (2):181--201.
    We argue that C. Darwin and more recently W. Hennig worked at times under the simplifying assumption of an eternal biosphere. So motivated, we explicitly consider the consequences which follow mathematically from this assumption, and the infinite graphs it leads to. This assumption admits certain clusters of organisms which have some ideal theoretical properties of species, shining some light onto the species problem. We prove a dualization of a law of T.A. Knight and C. Darwin, and sketch a decomposition result (...)
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  50.  10
    Critical Philosophy as Artistic Endeavor.Samuel A. Stoner - 2010 - Southwest Philosophy Review 26 (1):181-187.
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