Results for 'Shaw, Rhonda'

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  1.  61
    Harmony and simplicity: aesthetic virtues and the rise of testability.Rhonda Martens - 2009 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 40 (3):258-266.
    Copernicus claimed that his system was preferable in part on the grounds of its superior harmony and simplicity, but left very few hints as to what was meant by these terms. Copernicus’s pupil, Rheticus, was more forthcoming. Kepler, influenced by Rheticus, articulated further the nature of the virtues of harmony and simplicity. I argue that these terms are metaphors for the structural features of the Copernican system that make it more able to effectively exploit the available data. So it is (...)
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  2.  68
    Dementia care, robot pets, and aliefs.Rhonda Martens & Christine Hildebrand - 2021 - Bioethics 35 (9):870-876.
    Studies have shown that using robot pets in dementia care contributes to a reduction in loneliness and anxiety, and other benefits. Studies also show that, even when people know they are dealing with robots, they often treat the robot as though it is a real pet with genuine emotions. This disconnect between beliefs and behavior occurs not just for people living with dementia, but with cognitively healthy adults, including those who are knowledgeable about how robots work. One possible explanation is (...)
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  3.  19
    Anna Marie E. Roos. Luminaries in the Natural World: The Sun and the Moon in England, 1400–1720. xiv+325 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York/Washington, D.C.: Peter Lang, 2001. $63.95. [REVIEW]Rhonda Martens - 2003 - Isis 94 (4):718-719.
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  4.  32
    No Harm, Still Foul: Concerns About Reputation Drive Dislike of Harmless Plagiarizers.Ike Silver & Alex Shaw - 2018 - Cognitive Science 42 (S1):213-240.
    Across a variety of situations, people strongly condemn plagiarizers who steal credit for ideas, even when the theft in question does not appear to harm anyone. Why would people react negatively to relatively harmless acts of plagiarism? In six experiments, we predict and find that these negative reactions are driven by people's aversion toward agents who attempt to falsely improve their reputations. In Studies 1–3, participants condemn plagiarism cases that they agree are harmless. This effect is mediated by the extent (...)
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  5.  30
    Cengage Advantage Books: Business Ethics: A Textbook with Cases.William H. Shaw - 2010 - Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
    Combining engaging discussions and stimulating new case studies, BUSINESS ETHICS: A TEXTBOOK WITH CASES gives students a comprehensive survey of business ethics that will guide them toward becoming ethical professionals, even if they have never studied philosophy before. Rich with real-world examples, BUSINESS ETHICS: A TEXTBOOK WITH CASES invites students to critically analyze and apply a broad range of philosophical concepts and principles to today's most important issues in business and beyond. BUSINESS ETHICS: A TEXTBOOK WITH CASES is a concise (...)
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  6.  87
    A moral basis for corporate philanthropy.Bill Shaw & Frederick R. Post - 1993 - Journal of Business Ethics 12 (10):745 - 751.
    The authors argue that corporate philanthropy is far too important as a social instrument for good to depend on ethical egoism for its support. They claim that rule utilitarianism provides a more compelling, though not exclusive, moral foundation. The authors cite empirical and legal evidence as additional support for their claim.
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  7.  12
    The Budget of Ottoman Egypt 1005-1006/1596-1597.Jon E. Mandaville & Stanford J. Shaw - 1972 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 92 (2):376.
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  8. A Better Disjunctivist Response to the 'New Evil Genius' Challenge.Kegan J. Shaw - 2017 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 94 (1-2):101-125.
    This paper aims for a more robust epistemological disjunctivism (ED) by offering on its behalf a new and better response to the ‘new evil genius’ problem. The first section articulates the ‘new evil genius challenge’ (NEG challenge) to ED, specifying its two components: the ‘first-order’ and ‘diagnostic’ problems for ED. The first-order problem challenges proponents of ED to offer some explanation of the intuition behind the thought that your radically deceived duplicate is no less justified than you are for adopting (...)
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  9.  58
    Authoritarian-Benevolent Leadership, Moral Disengagement, and Follower Unethical Pro-organizational Behavior: An Investigation of the Effects of Ambidextrous Leadership.Kang-Hwa Shaw, Na Tang & Hung-Yi Liao - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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  10.  36
    Intuition and Moral Philosophy.William H. Shaw - 1980 - American Philosophical Quarterly 17 (2):127 - 134.
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  11.  37
    Free Will Skepticism in Law and Society: Challenging Retributive Justice.Elizabeth Shaw, Derk Pereboom & Gregg D. Caruso (eds.) - 2019 - New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    'Free will skepticism' refers to a family of views that all take seriously the possibility that human beings lack the control in action - i.e. the free will - required for an agent to be truly deserving of blame and praise, punishment and reward. Critics fear that adopting this view would have harmful consequences for our interpersonal relationships, society, morality, meaning, and laws. Optimistic free will skeptics, on the other hand, respond by arguing that life without free will and so-called (...)
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  12. Evidence-Based Persuasion: An Ethical Imperative.David Shaw & Bernice Elger - 2013 - Journal of the American Medical Association 309 (16):1689-90.
    The primacy in modern medical ethics of the principle of respect for autonomy has led to the widespread assumption that it is unethical to change someone’s beliefs, because doing so would constitute coercion or paternalism., In this Viewpoint we suggest that persuasion is not necessarily paternalistic and is an essential component of modern medical practice.
     
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  13.  9
    Institutionalisation by Proxy: The (Re)construction of My Relationship as a Granddaughter.Susan Shaw - 2022 - Ethics and Social Welfare 16 (3):241-257.
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  14.  8
    Invisible Enemies: Coronavirus and Other Hidden Threats.D. M. Shaw - 2020 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 17 (4):531-534.
    To say that coronavirus is highly visible is a massive understatement in terms of its omnipresence in our lives and media coverage concerning it, yet also clearly untrue in terms of the virus itself. COVID-19 is our invisible enemy, changing our lives radically without ever revealing itself directly. In this paper I explore its invisibility and how it relates to and exposes other invisible enemies we are and have been fighting, in many cases without even realizing. First, I analyse the (...)
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  15.  23
    All inequality is not equal: children correct inequalities using resource value.Alex Shaw & Kristina R. Olson - 2013 - Frontiers in Psychology 4.
  16.  30
    Bias, Lotteries, and Affirmative Action in Science Funding Policy.Jamie Shaw - forthcoming - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.
  17.  31
    A Virtuous Death: Organ Donation and Eudaimonia.David M. Shaw - 2017 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 14 (3):319-321.
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  18. We should not let relatives veto organ donation from their dead relatives.David Shaw - 2012 - British Medical Journal 34:e5275.
    This article highlights the often overlooked fact that doctors who respect a bereaved family's veto of a deceased patient's organ donation are complicit in the deaths of those who would have benefited from the organs in question. Respecting the veto violates the dying wish of the patient, is against the spirit of the law and contributes to the deaths of other patients.
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  19. A reply to Thomas Mulligan's “critique of Milton Friedman's essay 'the social responsibility of business to increase its profits'”.Bill Shaw - 1988 - Journal of Business Ethics 7 (7):537 - 543.
    Professor Thomas Mulligan undertakes to discredit Milton Friedman's thesis that The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits. He attempts to do this by moving from Friedman's paradigm characterizing a socially responsible executive as willful and disloyal to a different paradigm, i.e., one emphasizing the consultative and consensus-building role of a socially responsible executive. Mulligan's critique misses the point, first, because even consensus-building executives act contrary to the will of minority shareholders, but even more importantly, because he assumes (...)
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  20. Anomaly and Quantification.James R. Shaw - 2013 - Noûs 49 (1):147-176.
    I argue for two theses about semantically anomalous utterances (more commonly called "category mistakes") like "sequestered slaps reel evergreen rights". First, semantic anomaly generates a unique form of semantically enforced quantifier domain restriction. Second, the best explanation for why anomaly interacts with quantifiers in this way is that anomalous utterances are truth-valueless. After arguing for these points, I trace out two consequences these theses have in semantics and logic. First, I argue they motivate a trivalent semantics on which truth-valueless material (...)
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  21. Homeopathy Is where the harm Is: five unethical effects of funding unscientific remedies.David Shaw - 2010 - Journal of Medical Ethics 36 (3):130-131.
    Homeopathic medicine is based on the two principles that “like cures like” and that the potency of substances increases in proportion to their dilution. In November 2009 the UK Parliament’s Science and Technology Committee heard evidence on homeopathy, with several witnesses arguing that homeopathic practice is “unethical, unreliable, and pointless”. Although this increasing scepticism about the merits of homeopathy is to be welcomed, the unethical effects of funding homeopathy on the NHS are even further-reaching than has been acknowledged.
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  22. A direct advance on advance directives.David Shaw - 2012 - Bioethics 26 (5):267-274.
    Advance directives (ADs), which are also sometimes referred to as ‘living wills’, are statements made by a person that indicate what treatment she should not be given in the event that she is not competent to consent or refuse at the future moment in question. As such, ADs provide a way for patients to make decisions in advance about what treatments they do not want to receive, without doctors having to find proxy decision-makers or having recourse to the doctrine of (...)
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  23.  39
    Analogy and Inference.William H. Shaw & L. R. Ashley - 1983 - Dialogue 22 (3):415-432.
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  24.  40
    Aither and the Four Roots in Empedocles.Michael M. Shaw - 2014 - Research in Phenomenology 44 (2):170-193.
    This paper surveys the meaning of aither in Empedocles. Since Aristotle, Empedoclean aither has been generally considered synonymous with air and understood anachronistically in terms of its Aristotelian conception as hot and wet. In critiquing this interpretation, the paper first examines the meaning of “air” in Empedocles, revealing scant and insignificant use of the term. Next, the ancient controversy of Empedocles’ “four roots” is recast from the perspective that aither, rather than air, designates the fourth root. Finally, the nineteen instances (...)
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  25.  25
    Hosmer and the.Bill Shaw & John Corvino - 1996 - Business Ethics Quarterly 6 (3):373-383.
    In his “Why be Moral? A Different Rationale for Managers,” , La Rue Tone Hosmer argues that managers should be moral because “acting in ways that can be considered to be ‘right’ and ‘just’ and ‘fair’ is absolutely essential to the long-term competitive success of the firm.” According to Hosmer, moral behavior generates trust among stakeholders, which leads to stakeholder commitment, which leads to increased stakeholder effort, which ultimately leads to corporate success. Though we agree with Hosmer’s causal reasoning, we (...)
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  26.  12
    A Better Disjunctivist Response to the ‘New Evil Genius’ Challenge.Kegan J. Shaw - 2017 - New Content is Available for Grazer Philosophische Studien.
    _ Source: _Page Count 25 This paper aims for a more robust epistemological disjunctivism by offering on its behalf a new and _better_ response to the ‘new evil genius’ problem. The first section articulates the ‘new evil genius challenge’ to ED, specifying its two components: the ‘first-order’ and ‘diagnostic’ problems for ED. The first-order problem challenges proponents of ED to offer some understanding of the intuition behind the thought that your radically deceived duplicate is no less justified than you are (...)
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  27.  57
    Gratitude, Self-Assessment, and Moral Community.Joshua Shaw - 2013 - Journal of Value Inquiry 47 (4):407-423.
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  28.  75
    A humean definition of horror.Daniel Shaw - 1997 - Film-Philosophy 1 (1).
    on The Philosophy of Horror by Noel Carroll.
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  29.  29
    Automated vehicles, big data and public health.David Shaw, Bernard Favrat & Bernice Elger - 2020 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 23 (1):35-42.
    In this paper we focus on how automated vehicles can reduce the number of deaths and injuries in accident situations in order to protect public health. This is actually a problem not only of public health and ethics, but also of big data—not only in terms of all the different data that could be used to inform such decisions, but also in the sense of deciding how wide the scope of data should be. We identify three key different types of (...)
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  30. Hume's Theory of Motivation.Daniel Shaw - 1989 - Hume Studies 15 (1):163-183.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:163 HUME'S THEORY OF MOTIVATION In this paper I shall defend a Humean theory of motivation. But first I should like to examine some of the standard criticisms of this theory and some alternative views that are currently in favour. Both in the Treatise and the Enguiry Hume maintains that reason alone never motivates action but always requires the cooperation of some separate, and separately identifiable desire-factor in order (...)
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  31.  32
    In defence of ageism.A. B. Shaw - 1994 - Journal of Medical Ethics 20 (3):188-194.
    Health care should be preferentially allocated to younger patients. This is just and is seen as just. Age is an objective factor in rationing decisions. The arguments against 'ageism' are answered. The effects of age on current methods of rationing are illustrated, and the practical applications of an age-related criterion are discussed. Ageist policies are in current use and open discussion of them is advocated.
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  32.  27
    Abstract machine theory and direct perception.Robert Shaw & James Todd - 1980 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3 (3):400-401.
  33.  32
    Ecological foundations of cognition. II: Degrees of freedom and conserved quantities in animal-environment systems.Robert E. Shaw & M. T. Turvey - 1999 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 6 (11-12):11-12.
    Cognition means different things to different psychologists depending on the position held on the mind-matter problem. Ecological psychologists reject the implied mind-matter dualism as an ill-posed theoretic problem because the assumed mind-matter incommensurability precludes a solution to the degrees of freedom problem. This fundamental problem was posed by both Nicolai Bernstein and James J. Gibson independently. It replaces mind-matter dualism with animal-environment duality -- a better posed scientific problem because commensurability is assured. Furthermore, when properly posed this way, a conservation (...)
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  34. Ethics, Professionalism and Fitness to Practice: Three Concepts, Not One.David Shaw - 2009 - British Dental Journal 207 (2):59-62.
    The GDC’s recent third edition (interim) of The First Five Years places renewed emphasis on the place of professionalism in the undergraduate dental curriculum. This paper provides a brief analysis of the concepts of ethics, professionalism and fitness to practice, and an examination of the GDC’s First Five Years and Standards for Dental Professionals guidance, as well as providing an insight into the innovative ethics strand of the BDS course at the University of Glasgow. It emerges that GDC guidance is (...)
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  35.  25
    A Case for Recognizing the Rights of Animals as Workers.Rosemary Shaw - 2018 - Journal of Animal Ethics 8 (2):182-198.
    For more than two centuries, human workers in both the United Kingdom and Australia have been afforded some level of protection at work by occupational or work health and safety legislation. Concurrently, the legislative protection of animals has grown from a bare recognition of some as legitimate objects for protection from cruelty to a space where many species are deemed sentient beings. However, current animal welfare legislation in Australia and elsewhere exempt some classes of animals from protection and allow some (...)
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  36.  36
    Unethical framework: Red Card for the REF.David Shaw - 2012 - Times Higher Education.
    Almost all academics sigh at any mention of the REF. Preparing submissions for the Research Excellence Framework takes up a lot of effort, but is important because the REF determines a department's funding allocation from a finite pot of cash. As such, it is seen as a necessary evil by most staff. However, the REF poses ethical problems in addition to the stress it causes. As it stands, the REF is exacerbating a schism between research and teaching staff, encouraging deceptive (...)
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  37.  32
    Increasing organ donation rates by revealing recipient details to families of potential donors.David Shaw & Dale Gardiner - 2018 - Journal of Medical Ethics 44 (2):101-103.
    Many families refuse to consent to donation from their deceased relatives or over-rule the consent given before death by the patient, but giving families more information about the potential recipients of organs could reduce refusal rates. In this paper, we analyse arguments for and against doing so, and conclude that this strategy should be attempted. While it would be impractical and possibly unethical to give details of actual potential recipients, generic, realistic information about the people who could benefit from organs (...)
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  38. Descriptions: Contemporary philosophy and the Nyāya.J. L. Shaw - 1988 - Logique Et Analyse 31 (121-122):153-187.
     
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  39.  27
    Hyperactivity and creativity: The tacit dimension.Geraldine A. Shaw - 1992 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 30 (2):157-160.
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  40. Husserl's Phenomenological Method in Management.Robert Keith Shaw - 2010 - In Proceedings of the ANZAM conference, Adelaide, Australia. Australia and New Zealand Academy of Management.
    There is a palpable need for a new theory that embraces organisations and management – the hegemony of scientific theories is at an end. This paper argues that the phenomenological method which Husserl inaugurates has the potential to provide new insights. Those who adopt a phenomenological attitude to their situation within a business can explore unusual, and as yet unseen, depths within phenomena. The paper introduces Husserl’s method which requires the development of skills and a thoroughgoing rejection of scientific methods (...)
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  41.  3
    A Response to Penders: The Disvalue of Vagueness in Authorship.David Shaw - 2017 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 14 (1):17-17.
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  42.  19
    An Error Theory for Misanthropy in advance.Joshua Shaw - forthcoming - Journal of Philosophical Research.
    This article defends misanthropy against what I take to be an underappreciated objection. Several recent defenders of misanthropy have held that it should be understood as involving a critical judgment of humanity based on the belief that human life is saturated with moral failings. The first half of this article identifies a problem for this view: namely, most people do not experience their lives in ways that would seem to be entailed by the misanthrope’s judgment. The second half proposes a (...)
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  43.  38
    A Rejoinder to Noèl Carrol's The Philosophy of Motion Pictures.Daniel Shaw - 2008 - Film-Philosophy 12 (2):142-151.
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  44.  7
    Istoria and Eureka: Valuing Story and Discovery in Research and Publication in the Human Sciences.Susan Shaw & Keith Tudor - forthcoming - Ethics and Social Welfare.
    Human stories lie at the heart of professional practice in the human, social services, though these are often discounted when it comes to researching such services and sharing practice through publication. This article identifies and addresses certain methodological and epistemological biases and consequent challenges in human science research, and discusses the importance of story (autoethnography) and discovery (heuristics) in research which can inform practice, meaningfully and ethically. It considers this by addressing both research and publication, illustrating both the challenges and (...)
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  45.  53
    Genetic Morality.David Shaw - 2006 - Peter Lang.
    This book will attempt to show that these and other problems are ultimately resolvable, given careful and unbiased application of established ethical principles ...
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  46. A Plea for the Theist in the Street.Kegan J. Shaw - 2019 - Faith and Philosophy 36 (1):102-128.
    It can be easy to assume that since the “theist in the street” is unaware of any of the traditional arguments for theism, he or she is not in position to offer independent rational support for believing that God exists. I argue that that is false if we accept with William Alston that “manifestation beliefs” can enjoy rational support on the basis of suitable religious experiences. I make my case by defending the viability of a Moorean-style proof for theism—a proof (...)
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  47.  19
    Is It a Wonderful Life? Frank Capra and Objective List Theories of Worth.Joshua Shaw - 2023 - Film-Philosophy 27 (2):240-261.
    Aaron Smuts argues that the holiday film It's a Wonderful Life should be understood as both an illustration and a cinematic vindication of objective list theories of worth. This article argues that he is right about the first point but wrong about the second. It's a Wonderful Life is an excellent illustration of objective list theories. However, it also exposes a problem for them – their susceptibility to sceptical anxieties about whether we can know if our lives are worth living. (...)
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  48. An anthropological perspective.Alison Shaw - 2006 - In John R. Spencer & Antje Du Bois-Pedain (eds.), Freedom and Responsibility in Reproductive Choice. Hart.
     
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  49.  42
    Ancient Ethics.Clerk Shaw - 2015 - Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  50.  36
    A Strong Remedy to a Weak Ethical Defence of Homeopathy.David Shaw - 2015 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 12 (4):549-553.
    In this article, I indicate and illustrate several flaws in a recent “ethical defence” of homeopathy. It transpires that the authors’ arguments have several features in common with homeopathic remedies, including strong claims, a lack of logic or evidence, and no actual effect.
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