e understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of these psyc hiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression is still n ot completely clear. At present, there is a lack of objective ne urobiological markers that can be used in clinical routine work such as clinical diagnosis, curative effect evaluation and progn osis evaluation of psychiatric disorders. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to find biomarkers to improve the diagnos is level and evaluate the curative effect. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a (...) non-invasive technique to record the potential activi ty of biological brain, through which researchers can analyze th e mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. In addition, mac hine learning can be used to further verify the role of these el ectrophysiological indicators in clinical diagnosis and curative e ffect evaluation of psychiatric disorders. The goal of this resear ch topic is to advance research on neurobiomarkers and EEG/ MEG-based diagnostic methods for mental disorders. We hope to conduct in-depth research on the pathogenesis and diagnostic measures of mental diseases such as schizophrenia and depressi ve disorder through EEG/MEG, in order to improve the perfor mance of artificial intelligence for mental diseases diagnosing.Under this research theme, the following is a brief overview of nine published articles, which respectively studied the diagnosis, The work in this special issue may fall into three categories of research: 1) method... (shrink)

清代學術以開出考據學新高度及總結傳統舊學之姿，高峰屹立於我國學術史；然而對其思想發展，學界卻普遍持負面看法，如梁啟超、錢穆。或落在理學視野、或未能正視清代思想之獨立發展特色，更遑論肯定其創新思想理論的 價值。 本書作者專研清代學術思想多年，對於清代學術持同情的理解，持信存在的合理性，肯定其思想價值，並深刻體認學術必須深蓄厚養，誠如荀子言「不積跬步，無以致千里。」該著約一百萬字，包括上、下冊三篇和附錄，分為二 十六章。 第一篇 思想紛呈的清初學界 第二篇 共創乾嘉學術高峰的吳、皖、揚、浙學 第三篇 中葉以降從論學到議政的今文學流行與異調 【附錄】臺灣地區近五十年來哲學學門之「清代哲學」重要研究成果 該書之出版，得以一饗對清學有興趣的學者及社會大眾，也為清代學術思想流變作記，期使文化學術能夠更源遠流長。.

Zhu Xi, as a great leader of Neo-Confucianism, established the succession of the Way and raised Zhou Dunyi to the position of successor of Mencius. Zhu Xi drew attention to Zhou’s thought and wrote a commentary on his Taijitu Shuo 太極圖說 and Tongshu 通書. During the process of annotating these two works, Zhu discussed the texts with scholars such as Li Tong, Lü Zuqian, Zhang Shi, and Lu Jiuyuan to improve his annotation. The suggestions from other scholars affected Zhu’s (...) explanation of Zhou’s works. This essay studies the interaction between Zhu and his friends and attempts to explain how Zhu’s commentaries on the Taijitu Shuo and Tongshu were affected by other scholars’ suggestions. (shrink)

ABSTRACTThe mainstream of academia thinks that Xunzi’s theory of human nature, which claims that human nature is bad, is in contrast with those of Confucius and Mencius and is unable to provide a foundation for human moral subjectivity. However, there are more and more scholars bringing up different ideas, such as Lu Debin and Fung Yiuming. They think that Xunzi’s wei 偽, which includes zhi知 and neng 能, is a kind of inborn capacity to think and activate that belongs to (...) xing. This paper points out that zhi and neng belong to xin 心 rather than xing. In the text of Xunzi, xing is mainly regarded as human emotions and desires which would result in chaos if not controlled. Making zhi and neng belong to xing does not accord with Xunzi’s theory and will confuse people with the connotation of Xunzi’s xing. (shrink)

本书收录了作者的《问题与思路——一种“注意链”的现象描述》、《语言空间》、《解释学的边界性》等12篇有关研究语言哲学的论文。.

本书以东方文化为背景,从宗教理论、理想人格、人与社会、天人关系及天道本体诸方面采撷数十位古今中外文化名人精彩名句100余条进行阐释。.

Ben shu zhu yao tao lun qing dai zhong ye li xue si xiang de xing qi.

《中西美学与文化精神》从文化精神的角度研究中西美学. 作者从文化范式入手. 在把握中西美学基本精神和对中西美学作宏观整体比较的前提下, 切入到中西美学中 "和谐", "悲剧", "崇高", "荒诞与逍遥", "文与形式", "典型与意境"等基本概念, 以及"创作理论", "灵感理论", "灵感的主体构成" 和 "审美具体方式"等具体问题. 并结合了大量的中西艺术实践, 作了观念的梳理与理论的分析概括, 来寻找横跨不同范式之间的共同规律. 文化精神是一文化中一切时代, 一切思想的总和.

This article adopts Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology to explore the complex relationship between patients and physicians. It delves into the coexistence of two distinct voices in the realm of medicine and health: the “voice of medicine” and the “voice of life-world.” Divided into three sections, the article emphasizes the importance of shifting from a scientific-medical attitude to a more personalistic approach in physician–patient interactions. This shift aims to prevent depersonalization and desubjectification. Additionally, it highlights the equal and irreducible nature of patients (...) while acknowledging the vital role physicians hold in the realm of illness. The article stresses the need for a balanced and equitable relationship between both parties, rooted in the shared life-world. Moreover, empathy is underscored as a crucial element in fostering meaningful dialogue, wherein understanding diverse perspectives and attitudes towards illness is paramount. The article argues that differences between patients and physicians are necessary for empathy, while shared similarities form its foundation. Ultimately, a harmonious relationship facilitates empathy and enables the constitution of a new sense of life for both patients and physicians. (shrink)

J.S. Mill argued that Bentham was ‘not a great philosopher’, asserting that one reason for his judgment was ‘the incompleteness of his [i. e. Bentham’s] own mind as a representative of universal human nature’. This paper argues that Mill’s judgment of Bentham on human nature and his assumptions about Bentham’s ‘own mind’ were seriously mistaken. In fact, Bentham understood many of the most natural and strongest feelings of human nature; he recognized spiritual or mental perfection, and recognized many pleasures associated (...) with a desire for self-perfection, or at least self-improvement; he never denied the importance of the faculty of imagination; he was by no means cut off from life’s graver experiences; his conception of arts and sciences was much broader, more metaphysically-based, consistent and sophisticated than Mill appreciated; and he enthusiastically embraced and encouraged arts and sciences. Mill’s mistake was partly caused by his limited reading of Bentham’s works, but mainly because he failed to grasp the ontological basis and fundamental principles of Bentham’s philosophy. (shrink)

This article assumes that a profession is a number of individuals in the same occupation voluntarily organized to earn a living by openly serving a moral ideal in a morally-permissible way beyond what law, market, morality, and public opinion would otherwise require. Our question is whether the concept of profession may have a far wider range than the term, so that, for example, pointing out that a certain language lacks a word for “profession” in our sense, is not enough to (...) show that those who speak the language also lack the concept. We believe the survey of 71 Chinese reported here begins to answer that question. This article has four parts. The first describes who was interviewed, how, when, and so on. The second describes some important features of the survey’s questions, explaining how the questions track the concept of profession. The third part reports and interprets the results relevant to our question. The forth defends a tentative answer to the question with which we began—arguing the survey supports the claim that China has a profession of engineering. This article should serve as a “proof of concept”, that is, a model for similar studies around the world both of engineering and of other occupations thought to be professions. (shrink)

Understanding emotional resonances to social evaluations delivered in different languages may contribute to favourable social communication in today’s increasingly internationalised world. The pres...

By critically reviewing the event of Dewey’s visit to China (1919-1921) through historical, philosophical and comparative perspectives, this book finds new value to revive the dialogue between Dewey and Eastern philosophies as a way to respond to contemporary educational challenges.

本书是关于科学的逻辑与方法论方面的著作。内容包括科学知识的结构与基础;科学发明与科学证明;确证逻辑:假说演绎法;确证逻辑:贝叶斯方法等。.

本书介绍和评述了模糊语义学的各种学派,讨论了模糊语义和适用性理论的问题,勾画了此学科发展的新动向.

Modern socialist economic reforms which center on the establishment of a commodity based economic system, demand a reconsideration of human nature. Marxism and human sociobiology give different answers to questions about human nature, but neither is complete in itself. It seems timely, therefore, to suggest that a combination of biological understanding with a Marxist-based social understanding would produce a more adequate notion of human nature, thereby helping us to resolve a number of problems posed by reforms currently taking place in (...) socialist countries. We might also hope to face new challenges posed in the future. (shrink)

With the development of teachers’ psychological cognition, the moral education curriculum develops as per the changes in times. Currently, a resurgence of interest on studying teachers’ perceptions of the moral education curriculum has observed. This is because moral education curriculum of each country plays a unique role in the overall design of the country’s education curriculum. However, studies on teachers’ perceptions of the moral education curriculum are scarce, and no framework has been developed to guide the teaching and learning of (...) teachers for the moral education curriculum for schools. The moral education curriculum serves as one of the main vehicles for value education, with teachers as direct executors. It can influence the overall development of the school system and long-term development of a country. Thus, in this paper, we reviewed current literature related to teachers’ perceptions of the moral education curriculum and developed future trends considering teachers’ perceptions of the moral education curriculum in improving existing moral education programs in a country. We identified a list of keywords related to moral education curriculum and teacher perceptions and relevant to the scope of this study. These keywords were used to search the articles from the Scopus and WoS studies. Overall, 32 papers meeting the search criteria were retrieved. Further, we conducted thematic studies, and four themes were successfully identified: the model of teacher perceptions of moral and national education, the dimensions of the teacher ethics model, teaching strategies, and the role of teachers. The results of this study suggested a new framework for research trends in teachers’ perception models, particularly toward the moral education curriculum. This study contributed to the knowledge regarding teaching and learning approaches of moral education considering teachers’ perceptions of the moral education curriculum. The findings of study would benefit future studies and would improve the implementation of a country’s moral education program. (shrink)

Count Me In (CMI) was launched in 2015 as a patient-driven research initiative aimed at accelerating the study of cancer genomics through direct participant engagement, electronic consent and open-access data sharing. It is an example of a large-scale direct-to-patient (DTP) research project which has since enrolled thousands of individuals. Within the broad scope of ‘citizen science’, DTP genomics research is defined here as a specific form of ‘top-down’ research endeavour developed and overseen by institutions within the traditional human subjects research (...) context; in novel ways, it engages and recruits patients with defined diseases, consents them for medical information and biospecimens sharing, and stores and disseminates genomic information. Importantly, these projects simultaneously aim to empower participants in the research process while increasing sample size, particularly in rare disease states. Using CMI as a case study, this paper discusses how DTP genomics research raises new questions in the context of traditional human subjects research ethics, including issues surrounding participant selection, remote consent, privacy and return of results. It aims to demonstrate how current research ethics frameworks may be insufficient in this context, and that institutions, institutional review boards and investigators should be aware of these gaps and their role in ensuring the conduct of ethical, novel forms of research together with participants. Ultimately, a broader question is raised of whether the rhetoric of participatory genomics research advocates for an ethic of personal and social duty for contributing to the advancement of generalisable knowledge about health and disease. (shrink)

Considering that the development of urbanization cannot be separated from the application of landscape pattern evolution, in order to improve the development level of ecocity, a modeling analysis of ecological urban landscape pattern evolution based on multisource remote sensing data is proposed. Taking ecotype city as the research object, the remote sensing images of ecological urban landscape pattern are screened by using multisource remote sensing data and nonremote sensing data as the basic data. CA-Markov model is constructed and the evolution (...) of ecological urban landscape pattern is analyzed. The experimental results show that, from 2005 to 2020, the development level of urbanization process is higher and higher and the area of building land patches is increasing, which reduces the fragmentation of building land patches. However, the landscape of cultivated land and green space is less and less, and the distribution of the patches also causes uneven phenomenon, which leads to the gradual decline of ecological urban landscape diversity. In the ecological urban landscape pattern, the degree of fragmentation and diversity of urban landscape is reduced due to the high connection and coverage of the construction land. (shrink)

本書共分七章，主要是對中國儒家思想的自然觀與日本德川思想界的氣論、自然觀做比較。作者先以橫向的角度，將中國的老莊、王充、孟子、朱子及王陽明，和日本以氣反理的德川儒者做深入的分析與探討；接著再專就日本儒 學思想中「忠」與「孝」的思維典型做耙梳，並以當中的衝突與合一為研究重點，指明陽明學者與兵學者之忠、孝思維的異同。本書秉持「取道日本，回到中國」的精神，為國內學術圈中仍欠缺對話的日本思想史領域，開啟一扇 窗。.

本书对处于社会转型期中国的审美文化特性以及其中出现的种种让人困惑的问题,从不同角度、不同层面作了阐述。.

本书探讨了历史和历史学的本性及其认识论的问题,内容分为史学是什么、史实与史家、历史的真实、历史的话语、历史的重演、历史学的概括、史学的人文性以及历史学的用八部分。.