Results for 'Björn Wittrock'

481 found
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  1.  33
    Social Theory and Global History: The Three Cultural Crystallizations.Wittrock Björn - 2001 - Thesis Eleven 65 (1):27-50.
    In the course of their disciplinary consolidation during the 19th and 20th centuries, the social sciences came increasingly to be less historically orientated. Analogously, global history became increasingly a marginal concern for professional historical scholarship. At the present juncture, however, there is a coincidence of a rethinking of the formation of modernity in cultural terms and the need to locate European modernity in a global context. Social theory must be able to provide an account of global historical developments that is (...)
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  2.  30
    The Making of Sweden.Wittrock Björn - 2004 - Thesis Eleven 77 (1):45-63.
    In the first millennium CE trade and kinship networks linked Western Europe and Central Asia via Scandinavia and the Russian rivers. These networks broke down when the early states began to emerge in Scandinavia during the 11th and 12th centuries, concurrent with the Christianization of the far North. Two cultural fault-lines mark Nordic history – between Western and Eastern Christendom and between feudal and non-feudal societies – and make this region distinct from Russia and Germany. The Swedish state, with Finland (...)
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  3.  24
    Falsification, rejection, and modification.Björn Wittrock - 1977 - Zeitschrift Für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 8 (2):379-382.
    Summary In two articles Friedrich Rapp argues that there is a methodological symmetry between falsification and verification in contradistinction to the logical asymmetry that obtains between them. (The Methodological Symmetry between Verification and Falsification,Ztschr. f. Allg. Wissth., Band VI/1 (1975), pp 139–144; A Helpful Argument — Reply to K. Eichner,Ztschr. f. Allg. Wissth., Band VII/1 (1976), pp. 121–123). Rapp puts forward the thesis that methodological falsification of a theory T implies the acceptance of an inference from ~ (x) Tx to (...)
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  4.  10
    Discourses on Society: The Shaping of the Social Science Disciplines.Peter Wagner, Björn Wittrock & Richard P. Whitley - 1990 - Springer Verlag.
    This book, which represents probably the most comprehensive discussion of the emergence of modem social science yet produced, is of far more than merely historical interest. The contributors set out to rewrite the history of the social sciences and to show the limitations of conventional conceptions of their development. These tasks they accomplish with great success and much distinction. Yet in so doing they contribute in a direct way to our understanding of the relation between social analysis and the nature (...)
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  5. And global history: The three cultural crystallisations.Bjorn Wittrock - 2001 - In A. Koj & Piotr Sztompka (eds.), Images of the World: Science, Humanities, Art. Jagiellonian University. pp. 123.
     
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  6.  2
    History, War and the Transcendence of Modernity.Björn Wittrock - 2001 - European Journal of Social Theory 4 (1):53-72.
    How can the relative inability of social theory to shed light on the horrors of the late twentieth century be reconciled with the fact that both history and social science earlier devoted themselves to arriving at an understanding of war and violence in the modern world? An answer is provided in five steps. First, the disciplinary evolution of the social science disciplines tends to make them oblivious of important parts of their own heritage and opens up a chasm between the (...)
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  7.  11
    Kontinentale Kluft?Björn Wittrock - 2016 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 64 (4).
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  8.  33
    Polity, economy and knowledge in the age of modernity in Europe.Björn Wittrock - 1993 - AI and Society 7 (2):127-140.
    This article draws on results from a long-term research program carried out by the Science Centre Berlin for Social Research (WZB) and the Swedish Collegium of Advanced Study in the Social Sciences (SCASSS) on the history and sociology of the social sciences. The transformations of the discourses on society is outlined in the three major periods of transformations that have occurred in the age of modernity in Europe since the late 18th century. These three transformations have all involved a fundamental (...)
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  9.  6
    Social Theory and Global History: The Three Cultural Crystallizations.Björn Wittrock - 2001 - Thesis Eleven 65 (1):27-50.
    In the course of their disciplinary consolidation during the 19th and 20th centuries, the social sciences came increasingly to be less historically orientated. Analogously, global history became increasingly a marginal concern for professional historical scholarship. At the present juncture, however, there is a coincidence of a rethinking of the formation of modernity in cultural terms and the need to locate European modernity in a global context. Social theory must be able to provide an account of global historical developments that is (...)
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  10.  6
    The Making of Sweden.Björn Wittrock - 2004 - Thesis Eleven 77 (1):45-63.
    In the first millennium CE trade and kinship networks linked Western Europe and Central Asia via Scandinavia and the Russian rivers. These networks broke down when the early states began to emerge in Scandinavia during the 11th and 12th centuries, concurrent with the Christianization of the far North. Two cultural fault-lines mark Nordic history – between Western and Eastern Christendom and between feudal and non-feudal societies – and make this region distinct from Russia and Germany. The Swedish state, with Finland (...)
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  11.  38
    The theory and methodology programme of the swedish collegium for advanced study in the social sciences.Bjorn Wittrock & Tom R. Burns - 1986 - Sociological Theory 4 (2):205-207.
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  12.  11
    Understanding a Divide: A Symposium on a Fateful Public Conversation, Davos 1929.Björn Wittrock - 2015 - History of European Ideas 41 (4):423-431.
  13. Useful Science and Scientific Openness: Baconian Vision or Faustian Bargain?Bjorn Wittrock - 1985 - In Michael Gibbons & Björn Wittrock (eds.), Science as a Commodity: Threats to the Open Community of Scholars. Longman. pp. 156.
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  14.  7
    The Rise of the Social Sciences and the Formation of Modernity: Conceptual Change in Context, 1750-1850.J. Heilbron, Lars Magnusson, Bjö Wittrock & Björn Wittrock - 1998 - Springer Verlag.
    This volume offers one of the first systematic analyses of the rise of modern social science. Contrary to the standard accounts of various social science disciplines, the essays in this volume demonstrate that modern social science actually emerged during the critical period between 1750 and 1850. It is shown that the social sciences were a crucial element in the conceptual and epistemic revolution, which parallelled and partly underpinned the political and economic transformations of the modern world. From a consistently comparative (...)
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  15.  5
    The benefit of broad horizons: intellectual and institutional preconditions for a global social science: festschrift for Bjorn Wittrock on the occasion of his 65th birthday.Hans Joas - 2010 - Leiden [etc.]: Brill. Edited by Björn Wittrock, Hans Joas & Barbro Sklute Klein.
    More than perhaps anybody else in the world, the Swedish social scientist Björn Wittrock has contributed - both on the intellectual and institutional level - to making a truly global science possible. This book is devoted to an appreciation of his contributions.
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  16. Consciousness without a cerbral cortex: A challenge for neuroscience and medicine.Bjorn Merker - 2007 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30 (1):63-81.
    A broad range of evidence regarding the functional organization of the vertebrate brain – spanning from comparative neurology to experimental psychology and neurophysiology to clinical data – is reviewed for its bearing on conceptions of the neural organization of consciousness. A novel principle relating target selection, action selection, and motivation to one another, as a means to optimize integration for action in real time, is introduced. With its help, the principal macrosystems of the vertebrate brain can be seen to form (...)
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  17. Time, Inertia and the Medical Cyborg: Jean-Dominique Bauby's The Diving Bell and the Butterfly.Bjorn Nansen - 2007 - In Jan Lloyd Jones (ed.), Art and Time. Australian Scholarly Publishing. pp. 207.
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  18.  31
    Procedural Semantics for Hyperintensional Logic: Foundations and Applications of Transparent Intensional Logic.Marie Duží, Bjorn Jespersen & Pavel Materna - 2010 - Dordrecht, Netherland: Springer.
    The book is about logical analysis of natural language. Since we humans communicate by means of natural language, we need a tool that helps us to understand in a precise manner how the logical and formal mechanisms of natural language work. Moreover, in the age of computers, we need to communicate both with and through computers as well. Transparent Intensional Logic is a tool that is helpful in making our communication and reasoning smooth and precise. It deals with all kinds (...)
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  19. Disease, illness, and sickness.Bjorn Hofmann - 2016 - In Miriam Solomon, Jeremy R. Simon & Harold Kincaid (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Medicine. Routledge.
     
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  20.  17
    Structure induction in diagnostic causal reasoning.Björn Meder, Ralf Mayrhofer & Michael R. Waldmann - 2014 - Psychological Review 121 (3):277-301.
  21.  92
    The integrated information theory of consciousness: A case of mistaken identity.Bjorn Merker, Kenneth Williford & David Rudrauf - 2022 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 45:e41.
    Giulio Tononi's integrated information theory (IIT) proposes explaining consciousness by directly identifying it with integrated information. We examine the construct validity of IIT's measure of consciousness,phi(Φ), by analyzing its formal properties, its relation to key aspects of consciousness, and its co-variation with relevant empirical circumstances. Our analysis shows that IIT's identification of consciousness with the causal efficacy with which differentiated networks accomplish global information transfer (which is what Φ in fact measures) is mistaken. This misidentification has the consequence of requiring (...)
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  22.  67
    Emile the citizen? A reassessment of the relationship between private education and citizenship in Rousseau’s political thought.Bjorn Gomes - 2018 - European Journal of Political Theory 17 (2):194-213.
    It is often said that the claims of man and citizen are irreconcilable in the philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. This view, most famously articulated by Judith Shklar, holds that the making of a man and the making of a citizen are to be understood as rival enterprises or competing alternatives. This reading has recently been challenged by Frederick Neuhouser. He argues that one can make a man and a citizen, but only if the education of each is performed in the (...)
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  23. The liabilities of mobility: A selection pressure for the transition to consciousness in animal evolution.Bjorn H. Merker - 2005 - Consciousness and Cognition 14 (1):89-114.
    The issue of the biological origin of consciousness is linked to that of its function. One source of evidence in this regard is the contrast between the types of information that are and are not included within its compass. Consciousness presents us with a stable arena for our actions—the world—but excludes awareness of the multiple sensory and sensorimotor transformations through which the image of that world is extracted from the confounding influence of self-produced motion of multiple receptor arrays mounted on (...)
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  24.  31
    Getting ready for the marriage market? A comment.Björn Schneider & Florian Grimps - 2012 - Journal of Biosocial Science 44 (2):229-234.
  25.  12
    The Sustained Influence of an Error on Future Decision-Making.Björn C. Schiffler, Sara L. Bengtsson & Daniel Lundqvist - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
  26.  2
    Är juridiken en vetenskap?Björn Ahlander - 1950 - Stockholm,: H. Geber.
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  27.  5
    Om rätt och rättstillämpning: Studier i juridikens idéhistoria och rättstillämpningens teori.Björn Ahlander - 1952 - Stockholm: Almqvist.
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  28.  2
    Überlegungen zu einer dispositionalen Deutung des Andershandelnkönnens.Björn Burkhardt - 1981 - Analyse & Kritik 3 (2):155-170.
    The assertion “he could have done otherwise” represents a notorious problem in the science of penal law and in moral philosophy. Some philosophers have assumed that this statement is to be analysed as “he would have done otherwise if he had so chosen” (analysis view), thus believing to have found an interpretation which is compatible with determinism. It has been argued, however, that these two statements are not equivalent. The following article attempts to show that this objection is not far-reaching (...)
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  29.  7
    Sprechen mit dem Heiligen und Eintauchen in den Text: Zur Wirkungsästhetik eines Passionsgebets aus dem ‚Engelberger Gebetbuch‘.Björn Klaus Buschbeck - 2019 - Das Mittelalter 24 (2):390-408.
    By means of a close reading of a single prayer on the Passion of Christ from the 14th century ‘Engelberg Prayerbook,’ this article analyzes three characteristic effects of reading medieval written prayers: first, the devotee assumes the role of the I constructed by the text. Secondly, this leads to an effect of immersion into a literarily constructed, imagined environment. Finally, these effects of reading aim at being surpassed by an immediacy of a divine answer that transcends the aesthetic and semantic (...)
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  30.  9
    Resting-State Functional Connectivity in the Dorsal Attention Network Relates to Behavioral Performance in Spatial Attention Tasks and May Show Task-Related Adaptation.Björn Machner, Lara Braun, Jonathan Imholz, Philipp J. Koch, Thomas F. Münte, Christoph Helmchen & Andreas Sprenger - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 15.
    Between-subject variability in cognitive performance has been related to inter-individual differences in functional brain networks. Targeting the dorsal attention network we questioned whether resting-state functional connectivity within the DAN can predict individual performance in spatial attention tasks and whether there is short-term adaptation of DAN-FC in response to task engagement. Twenty-seven participants first underwent resting-state fMRI, they subsequently performed different tasks of spatial attention [including visual search ] and immediately afterwards received another rs-fMRI. Intra- and inter-hemispheric FC between core hubs (...)
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  31.  17
    Stepwise versus globally optimal search in children and adults.Björn Meder, Jonathan D. Nelson, Matt Jones & Azzurra Ruggeri - 2019 - Cognition 191 (C):103965.
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  32. Collectivity And Circularity.Björn Petersson - 2007 - Journal of Philosophy 104 (3):138-156.
    According to a common claim, a necessary condition for a collective action (as opposed to a mere set of intertwined or parallel actions) to take place is that the notion of collective action figures in the content of each participant’s attitudes. Insofar as this claim is part of a conceptual analysis, it gives rise to a circularity challenge that has been explicitly addressed by Michael Bratman and Christopher Kutz.1 I will briefly show how the problem arises within Bratman’s and Kutz’s (...)
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  33.  24
    A human right to pleasure? Sexuality, autonomy and egalitarian strategies.Jon Wittrock - 2024 - Journal of Medical Ethics 50 (4):263-267.
    A growing focus on pleasure in human rights discourse has been used to address patterns of sexual exclusion, often when addressing the problems of people with disabilities (PWD). As convincingly argued by Liberman, however, not all PWD suffer from sexual exclusion, and not all who suffer from sexual exclusion are PWD. Danaher and Liberman have thus argued in various ways for a broader range of measures, addressing sexual exclusion. This article builds on previous research and offers a conceptual framework for (...)
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  34.  32
    Not Out of Date, But Out of Value.Bjorn Hofmann - 2019 - American Journal of Bioethics 19 (7):30-32.
    Volume 19, Issue 7, July 2019, Page 30-32.
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  35.  22
    Reduced multisensory integration of self-initiated stimuli.Björn Zierul, Jonathan Tong, Patrick Bruns & Brigitte Röder - 2019 - Cognition 182 (C):349-359.
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  36.  60
    Models as icons: modeling models in the semiotic framework of Peirce’s theory of signs.Björn Kralemann & Claas Lattmann - 2013 - Synthese 190 (16):3397-3420.
    In this paper, we try to shed light on the ontological puzzle pertaining to models and to contribute to a better understanding of what models are. Our suggestion is that models should be regarded as a specific kind of signs according to the sign theory put forward by Charles S. Peirce, and, more precisely, as icons, i.e. as signs which are characterized by a similarity relation between sign (model) and object (original). We argue for this (1) by analyzing from a (...)
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  37.  14
    Developmental Trajectories in the Understanding of Everyday Uncertainty Terms.Björn Meder, Ralf Mayrhofer & Azzurra Ruggeri - 2022 - Topics in Cognitive Science 14 (2):258-281.
    Topics in Cognitive Science, Volume 14, Issue 2, Page 258-281, April 2022.
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  38.  10
    Music, bonding, and human evolution: A critique.Bjorn Merker - 2021 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 44:e83.
    Savage et al. propose that music filled a hypothetical “bonding gap” in human sociality by Baldwinian gene-culture coevolution (or protracted cognitive niche construction). Both these stepping stones to an evolutionary account of the function and origin of music are problematic. They are scrutinized in this commentary, and an alternative is proposed.
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  39.  17
    Managing Value Tensions in Collective Social Entrepreneurship: The Role of Temporal, Structural, and Collaborative Compromise.Björn C. Mitzinneck & Marya L. Besharov - 2019 - Journal of Business Ethics 159 (2):381-400.
    Social entrepreneurship increasingly involves collective, voluntary organizing efforts where success depends on generating and sustaining members’ participation. To investigate how such participatory social ventures achieve member engagement in pluralistic institutional settings, we conducted a qualitative, inductive study of German Renewable Energy Source Cooperatives. Our findings show how value tensions emerge from differences in RESCoop members’ relative prioritization of community, environmental, and commercial logics, and how cooperative leaders manage these tensions and sustain member participation through temporal, structural, and collaborative compromise strategies. (...)
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  40.  12
    Dialogues with Children and Adolescents: A Psychoanalytic Guide.Björn Salomonsson & Majlis Winberg-Salomonsson - 2016 - Routledge.
    Psychoanalytic work with children is popular, but the sophisticated language used in psychoanalytic discourse can be at odds with how children communicate, and how best to communicate with them. _Dialogues with Children and Adolescents: A Psychoanalytic Guide _shows how these aims can be achieved for the most effective clinical outcome with children from infancy up to late adolescence. _Björn Salomonsson_ and _Majlis Winberg Salomonsson_ draw on extensive case material which reveals the essence of communication between child and therapist. They enfranchise (...)
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  41. Is forgetting reprehensible? Holocaust remembrance and the task of oblivion.Björn Krondorfer - 2008 - Journal of Religious Ethics 36 (2):233-267.
    "Forgetting" plays an important role in the lives of individuals and communities. Although a few Holocaust scholars have begun to take forgetting more seriously in relation to the task of remembering—in popular parlance as well as in academic discourse on the Holocaust—forgetting is usually perceived as a negative force. In the decades following 1945, the terms remembering and forgetting have often been used antithetically, with the communities of victims insisting on the duty to remember and a society of perpetrators desiring (...)
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  42. Collective Omissions and Responsibility.Björn Petersson - 2008 - Philosophical Papers 37 (2):243-261.
    Sometimes it seems intuitively plausible to hold loosely structured sets of individuals morally responsible for failing to act collectively. Virginia Held, Larry May, and Torbj rn T nnsj have all drawn this conclusion from thought experiments concerning small groups, although they apply the conclusion to large-scale omissions as well. On the other hand it is commonly assumed that (collective) agency is a necessary condition for (collective) responsibility. If that is true, then how can we hold sets of people responsible for (...)
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  43.  92
    A Dilemma for Privacy as Control.Björn Lundgren - 2020 - The Journal of Ethics 24 (2):165-175.
    Although popular, control accounts of privacy suffer from various counterexamples. In this article, it is argued that two such counterexamples—while individually resolvable—can be combined to yield a dilemma for control accounts of privacy. Furthermore, it is argued that it is implausible that control accounts of privacy can defend against this dilemma. Thus, it is concluded that we ought not define privacy in terms of control. Lastly, it is argued that since the concept of privacy is the object of the right (...)
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  44.  58
    Over-Determined Harms and Harmless Pluralities.Björn Petersson - 2018 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 21 (4):841-850.
    A popular strategy for meeting over-determination and pre-emption challenges to the comparative counterfactual conception of harm is Derek Parfit’s suggestion, more recently defended by Neil Feit, that a plurality of events harms A if and only if that plurality is the smallest plurality of events such that, if none of them had occurred, A would have been better off. This analysis of ‘harm’ rests on a simple but natural mistake about the relevant counterfactual comparison. Pluralities fulfilling these conditions make no (...)
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  45.  19
    Music structure determines heart rate variability of singers.Björn Vickhoff, Helge Malmgren, Rickard Åström, Gunnar Nyberg, Seth-Reino Ekström, Mathias Engwall, Johan Snygg, Michael Nilsson & Rebecka Jörnsten - 2013 - Frontiers in Psychology 4.
  46.  97
    Co-responsibility and Causal Involvement.Björn Petersson - 2013 - Philosophia 41 (3):847-866.
    In discussions of moral responsibility for collectively produced effects, it is not uncommon to assume that we have to abandon the view that causal involvement is a necessary condition for individual co-responsibility. In general, considerations of cases where there is “a mismatch between the wrong a group commits and the apparent causal contributions for which we can hold individuals responsible” motivate this move. According to Brian Lawson, “solving this problem requires an approach that deemphasizes the importance of causal contributions”. Christopher (...)
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  47.  63
    Bratman, Searle, and Simplicity : Comments on Bratman, Shared Agency, Planning Theory of Acting Together.Björn Petersson - 2015 - Journal of Social Ontology 1 (1):27–37.
    Michael Bratman’s work is established as one of the most important philosophical approaches to group agency so far, and Shared Agency, A Planning Theory of Acting Together confirms that impression. In this paper I attempt to challenge the book’s central claim that considerations of theoretical simplicity will favor Bratman’s theory of collective action over its main rivals. I do that, firstly, by questioning whether there must be a fundamental difference in kind between Searle style we-intentions and I-intentions within that type (...)
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  48.  41
    From probabilities to percepts.Bjorn Merker - 2012 - In Shimon Edelman, Tomer Fekete & Neta Zach (eds.), Being in Time: Dynamical Models of Phenomenal Experience. John Benjamins. pp. 88--37.
  49. Sequent Systems for Lewis' Conditional Logics.Björn Lellmann & Dirk Pattinson - 2012 - In Luis Farinas del Cerro, Andreas Herzig & Jerome Mengin (eds.), Logics in Artificial Intelligence. Springer. pp. 320--332.
  50.  38
    Collective Guilt Feelings.Björn Petersson - 2020 - In Saba Bazargan-Forward & Deborah Perron Tollefsen (eds.), Routledge Handbook of Collective Responsibility. Routledge.
    Defenses of the possibility of collective guilt feelings falls roughly into two categories: collectivistic positions that assign guilt feelings to groups as such but play down the experiential component in guilt feelings, and individualistic positions which understand collective guilt feelings in terms of individual experiences. The analogy between collective and individual guilt feelings is examined from two collectivistic viewpoints. It is argued that the functional states of collectives and individuals with respect to guilt are less analogous than collectivists assume. Instead, (...)
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