Results for 'Benjamin Kreitz'

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  1.  10
    Using the PHERCC Matrix to Define Essential Workers During Public Health Emergencies.Elika Somani & Benjamin E. Berkman - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (4):94-96.
    The risk and crisis communication process in public health emergencies (PHERCC, public health emergency risk and crisis communication) matrix, as proposed by Spitale, Germani, and Biller-Andorno (2...
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  2.  32
    The Women Are Up to Something: How Elizabeth Anscombe, Philippa Foot, Mary Midgley, and Iris Murdoch Revolutionized Ethics.Benjamin J. Bruxvoort Lipscomb - 2021 - Oxford University Press.
    Résumé éditeur : This book tells two intertwined stories, centered on twentieth-century moral philosophers Elizabeth Anscombe, Mary Midgley, Philippa Foot, and Iris Murdoch. The first is the story of four friends who came up to Oxford together just before WWII. It is the story of their lives, loves, and intellectual preoccupations; it is a story about women trying to find a place in a man's world of academic philosophy. The second story is about these friends' shared philosophical project and their (...)
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  3.  30
    Illuminations: Essays and Reflections.Walter Benjamin - 1969 - Schocken.
    Views from one of the most original cultural critics of the twentieth century, Walter Benjamin.
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  4.  52
    Are false implicatures lies? An empirical investigation.Benjamin Weissman & Marina Terkourafi - 2019 - Mind and Language 34 (2):221-246.
    Lies are typically defined as believed falsehoods asserted with the intention of deceiving the hearer. A particularly problematic case for this definition is that of false implicatures. These are prototypically cases where the proposition expressed by the speaker's utterance is true, yet an implicature conveyed by this proposition in context is false. However, implicature is a diverse category and whether a blanket statement such as “false implicatures are lies,” as some have argued can account for all of them is open (...)
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  5.  13
    Researcher Obligations to Participants in Novel COVID-19 Vaccine Research.Benjamin S. Wilfond, Devan M. Duenas & Liza-Marie Johnson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (10):119-120.
    The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines in 2020 involved an unprecedented clinical research initiative. The case here involves a Phase I clinical trial of “second-generation” COVID-19 vaccines d...
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  6. Cheating Death in Damascus.Benjamin A. Levinstein & Nate Soares - 2020 - Journal of Philosophy 117 (5):237-266.
    Evidential Decision Theory and Causal Decision Theory are the leading contenders as theories of rational action, but both face counterexamples. We present some new counterexamples, including one in which the optimal action is causally dominated. We also present a novel decision theory, Functional Decision Theory, which simultaneously solves both sets of counterexamples. Instead of considering which physical action of theirs would give rise to the best outcomes, FDT agents consider which output of their decision function would give rise to the (...)
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  7.  91
    Non‐adjacent Dependency Learning in Humans and Other Animals.Benjamin Wilson, Michelle Spierings, Andrea Ravignani, Jutta L. Mueller, Toben H. Mintz, Frank Wijnen, Anne Kant, Kenny Smith & Arnaud Rey - 2020 - Topics in Cognitive Science 12 (3):843-858.
    Wilson et al. focus on one class of AGL tasks: the cognitively demanding task of detecting non‐adjacent dependencies (NADs) among items. They provide a typology of the different types of NADs in natural languages and in AGL tasks. A range of cues affect NAD learning, ranging from the variability and number of intervening elements to the presence of shared prosodic cues between the dependent items. These cues, important for humans to discover non‐adjacent dependencies, are also found to facilitate NAD learning (...)
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  8.  27
    Hypocrisy is Vicious, Value-Expressing Inconsistency.Benjamin Rossi - 2020 - The Journal of Ethics 25 (1):57-80.
    Hypocrisy is a ubiquitous feature of moral and political life, and accusations of hypocrisy a ubiquitous feature of moral and political discourse. Yet it has been curiously under-theorized in analytic philosophy. Fortunately, the last decade has seen a boomlet of articles that address hypocrisy in order to explain and justify conditions on the so-called “standing” to blame. Nevertheless, much of this more recent literature does not adequately address the question, “what is hypocrisy?” In this paper, I develop and defend an (...)
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  9.  45
    There Is Something to the Authority Thesis.Benjamin Winokur - 2022 - Journal of Philosophical Research 47:115-132.
    Many philosophers accept an ‘Authority Thesis’ according to which self-ascriptions of one’s current mental states ordinarily are or ought to be met with a distinctive presumption of truth. Recently, however, Wolfgang Barz (2018) has argued that there is no adequately specified Authority Thesis. This, he argues, is because available specifications are either (1) philosophically puzzling but implausible, or (2) plausible but philosophically unpuzzling. I argue that there are several plausible and philosophically puzzling specifications of the Authority Thesis.
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  10.  23
    Standing to Punish the Disadvantaged.Benjamin S. Yost - 2023 - Criminal Law and Philosophy 17 (3):711-733.
    Many philosophers and legal theorists worry about punishing the socially disadvantaged as severely as their advantaged counterparts. One philosophically popular explanation of this concern is couched in terms of moral standing: seriously unjust states are said to lack standing to condemn disadvantaged offenders. If this is the case, institutional condemnation of disadvantaged offenders (especially via hard treatment) will often be unjust. I describe two problems with canonical versions of this view. First, its proponents groundlessly claim that disadvantaged offenders may be (...)
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  11.  60
    Still no lie detector for language models: probing empirical and conceptual roadblocks.Benjamin A. Levinstein & Daniel A. Herrmann - forthcoming - Philosophical Studies:1-27.
    We consider the questions of whether or not large language models (LLMs) have beliefs, and, if they do, how we might measure them. First, we consider whether or not we should expect LLMs to have something like beliefs in the first place. We consider some recent arguments aiming to show that LLMs cannot have beliefs. We show that these arguments are misguided. We provide a more productive framing of questions surrounding the status of beliefs in LLMs, and highlight the empirical (...)
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  12.  27
    Justifying Investigator/Clinician Consent When The Physician-Patient Relationship Can Support Better Research Decision-Making.Benjamin S. Wilfond & Kathryn M. Porter - 2019 - American Journal of Bioethics 19 (4):26-28.
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  13. Introduction.Matt Zwolinski & Benjamin Ferguson - 2022 - In Matt Zwolinski & Benjamin Ferguson (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Libertarianism. Routledge. pp. 1-9.
    Strict libertarianism, as one of us has defined it elsewhere, is “a radical political view which holds that individual liberty, understood as the absence of interference with a person’s body and rightfully acquired property, is a moral absolute or near-absolute, and that the only governmental activities consistent with that liberty are (if any) those necessary to protect individuals from aggression by others.” Strict libertarianism is a radicalized form of classical liberalism that is, characteristically, rationalistic, monistic, and (relatively) absolutist in its (...)
     
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  14.  50
    How to commit to commissive self‐knowledge.Benjamin Winokur - 2024 - European Journal of Philosophy 32 (1):210-223.
    At least some of your beliefs are commitments. When you believe that P as a commitment, your stance on P is such that you believe it on the basis of your considered judgement. Sometimes, you also believe that you believe P. Such self‐beliefs can also be commissive in a sense, as when they are reflective endorsements of your lower‐order commissive beliefs. In this paper I argue that one's commissive self‐beliefs ontologically constitute one's lower‐order commissive beliefs because one's commissive self‐beliefs instantiate (...)
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  15. ‘Reason’s Sympathy’ and its Foundations in Productive Imagination.Benjamin Vilhauer - 2021 - Kantian Review 26 (3):455–474..
    This paper argues that Kant endorses a distinction between rational and natural sympathy, and it presents an interpretation of rational sympathy as a power of voluntarya posterioriproductive imagination. In rational sympathy we draw on the imagination’s voluntary powers (a) to subjectively unify the contents of intuition, in order to imaginatively put ourselves in others’ places, and (b) to associate imagined intuitional contents with the concepts others use to convey their feelings, in such a way that those contents prompt feelings in (...)
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  16.  22
    The Concept of Man in Early China.Benjamin E. Wallacker - 1970 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 90 (4):615.
  17.  93
    Olfactory imagery: is exactly what it smells like.Benjamin D. Young - 2019 - Philosophical Studies 177 (11):3303-3327.
    Mental Imagery, whereby we experience aspect of a perceptual scene or perceptual object in the absence of direct sensory stimulation is ubiquitous. Often the existence of mental imagery is demonstrated by asking one’s reader to volitionally generate a visual object, such as closing ones eyes and imagining an apple. However, mental imagery also arises in auditory, tactile, interoceptive, and olfactory cases. A number of influential philosophical theories have attempted to explain mental imagery in terms of belief-based forms of representation using (...)
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  18.  30
    Authority As (Qualified) Indubitability.Benjamin Winokur - forthcoming - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy.
    Self-ascriptions of one's current mental states often seem authoritative. It is sometimes thought that the authority of such self-ascriptions is, in part, a matter of their indubitability. However, they do not seem to be universally indubitable. How, then, should claims about self-ascriptive indubitability be qualified? Here I consider several such qualifications from the literature. Finding many of them wanting, I nevertheless settle on multiple specifications of the thesis that self-ascriptions are authoritatively indubitable. Some of these specifications concern how other agents (...)
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  19.  14
    Facing the music: three issues in current research on singing and aphasia.Benjamin Stahl & Sonja A. Kotz - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5.
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  20.  31
    Standing to Punish the Disadvantaged.Benjamin S. Yost - 2022 - Criminal Law and Philosophy (3):1-23.
    Many philosophers and legal theorists worry about punishing the socially disadvantaged as severely as their advantaged counterparts. One philosophically popular explanation of this concern is couched in terms of moral standing: seriously unjust states are said to lack standing to condemn disadvantaged offenders. If this is the case, institutional condemnation of disadvantaged offenders (especially via hard treatment) will often be unjust. I describe two problems with canonical versions of this view. First, its proponents groundlessly claim that disadvantaged offenders may be (...)
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  21.  14
    Financial Networks.Benjamin Miranda Tabak, Thiago Christiano Silva & Ahmet Sensoy - 2018 - Complexity 2018:1-2.
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  22.  19
    Publisher Correction to: The core business of medicine: A defence of the best available intervention thesis.Benjamin T. H. Smart - 2023 - Synthese 202 (3):1-1.
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  23.  16
    Enforceable Duties: Cicero and Kant on the Legal Nature of Political Order.Benjamin Straumann - 2023 - Jus Cogens 5 (2):255-275.
    This article seeks to show the importance of Cicero for Kant by pointing out the systematic relationship between their respective views on ethics and law. Cicero was important to Kant because Cicero had already elaborated an imperative, “quasi-jural” conception of duty or obligation. Cicero had also already prefigured the distinction between ethical duties and duties of justice. The article does not establish any direct historical influence, but points out interesting systematic overlaps. The most important in the realm of ethics are (...)
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  24.  86
    Quantificational Attitudes.Benjamin Lennertz - 2021 - Journal of Philosophy 118 (11):585-613.
    The literature contains a popular argument in favor of the position that conditional attitudes are not simple attitudes with conditional contents but, rather, have a more complex structure. In this paper I show that an analogous argument applies to what we might call quantificational attitudes—like an intention to follow every bit of good advice I receive or a desire to get rabies shots for each bite I incur from an infected bat. The conditions under which these attitudes are satisfied and (...)
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  25. Does Semantic Deflationism Entail Meta-Ontological Deflationism?Benjamin Marschall & Thomas Schindler - 2021 - Philosophical Quarterly 71 (1):99-119.
    Deflationary positions have been defended in many areas of philosophy. Most prominent are semantic deflationism about truth and reference, and meta-ontological deflationism, according to which existence has no deep nature and the standard neo-Quinean approach to ontology is misguided. Although both kinds of views have generated much discussion, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the question of how they relate to each other. Are they independent, is it advisable to hold them all at once, or do they even entail (...)
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  26.  14
    The role of law in decisions to withhold and withdraw life-sustaining treatment from adults who lack capacity: a cross-sectional study.Benjamin P. White, Lindy Willmott, Gail Williams, Colleen Cartwright & Malcolm Parker - 2017 - Journal of Medical Ethics 43 (5):327-333.
    Objectives To determine the role played by law in medical specialists9 decision-making about withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from adults who lack capacity, and the extent to which legal knowledge affects whether law is followed. Design Cross-sectional postal survey of medical specialists. Setting The two largest Australian states by population. Participants 649 medical specialists from seven specialties most likely to be involved in end-of-life decision-making in the acute setting. Main outcome measures Compliance with law and the impact of legal knowledge (...)
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  27.  74
    Reasons and Action Explanation.Benjamin Wald & Sergio Tenenbaum - 2018 - In Daniel Star (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Reasons and Normativity. New York, NY, United States of America: Oxford University Press.
    The problem of deviant causation has been a serious obstacle for causal theories of action. We suggest that attending to the problem of deviant causation reveals two related problems for causal theories. First, it threatens the reductive ambitions of causal theories of intentional action. Second, it suggests that such a theory fails to account for how the agent herself is guided by her reasons. Focusing on the second of these, we argue that the problem of guidance turns out to be (...)
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  28.  14
    Free Will Skepticism and Criminals as Ends in Themselves.Benjamin Vilhauer - 2022 - In Matthew C. Altman (ed.), The Palgrave Handbook on the Philosophy of Punishment. Palgrave-Macmillan. pp. 535-556.
    This chapter offers non-retributive, broadly Kantian justifications of punishment and remorse that can be endorsed by free will skeptics. We lose our grip on some Kantian ideas if we become skeptical about free will, but we can preserve some important ones that can do valuable work for free will skeptics. The justification of punishment presented here has consequentialist features but is deontologically constrained by our duty to avoid using others as mere means. It draws on a modified Rawlsian original position (...)
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  29.  14
    The core business of medicine: a defence of the best available intervention thesis.Benjamin T. H. Smart - 2023 - Synthese 201 (6).
    Philosophy of Medicine has for a long time been preoccupied with analyzing the concepts of health, disease and illness. Relatively speaking, the concept of medicine itself has received very little attention. This paper is a contribution to the relatively neglected debate about the nature of medicine. Building on the work of Alex Broadbent (Broadbent, 2018a, b), Chadwin Harris (Harris, 2018) and Thaddeus Metz (Metz, 2018), in this paper I question the persuasiveness of Broadbent’s account of the “core business” of medicine, (...)
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  30.  16
    Enrolling Adolescents with Rare Disease for Early Phase Clinical Trials While Under the Care of Child Protection Services: Balancing Protection and Access.Benjamin S. Wilfond, Devan M. Duenas & Liza-Marie Johnson - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (4):81-82.
    For many rare diseases, the availability of effective interventions is limited or non-existent. In this context, clinical research evaluating emerging interventions may be the only potentially “the...
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  31.  80
    Open texture, rigor, and proof.Benjamin Zayton - 2022 - Synthese 200 (4):1-20.
    Open texture is a kind of semantic indeterminacy first systematically studied by Waismann. In this paper, extant definitions of open texture will be compared and contrasted, with a view towards the consequences of open-textured concepts in mathematics. It has been suggested that these would threaten the traditional virtues of proof, primarily the certainty bestowed by proof-possession, and this suggestion will be critically investigated using recent work on informal proof. It will be argued that informal proofs have virtues that mitigate the (...)
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  32.  13
    'The little commonwealth of man': the Trinitarian origins of the ethical and political philosophy of Ralph Cudworth.Benjamin Carter - 2011 - Walpole, MA: Peeters.
    This book presents a contextual study of the life and work of the Cambridge Platonist Ralph Cudworth (1617-1688). Focusing on the theological basis of Cudworth's ethical philosophy, this book unlocks the hitherto ignored political aspect to Cudworth's ethical philosophy. Through a detailed examination of Cudworth's published works - particularly his voluminous "True intellectual system of the Universe" -, his posthumously published writings, and his 'freewill' manuscripts Benjamin Carter argues that the ethical and political arguments in Cudworth's philosophy develop out (...)
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  33.  43
    On ground and consequence.Benjamin Schnieder - 2018 - Synthese 198 (Suppl 6):1335-1363.
    What does it mean that some proposition follows from others? The standard way of spelling out the notion proceeds in modal terms: x follows from y iff necessarily, if y is true, so is x. But although this yields a useful and manageable account of consequence, it fails to capture certain aspects of our pre-theoretical understanding of consequence. In this paper, an alternative notion of logical consequence, based on the idea of grounding, is developed.
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  34.  10
    An out‐of‐equilibrium definition of protein turnover.Benjamin Martin & David M. Suter - 2023 - Bioessays 45 (6):2200209.
    Protein turnover (PT) has been formally defined only in equilibrium conditions, which is ill‐suited to quantify PT during dynamic processes that occur during embryogenesis or (extra) cellular signaling. In this Hypothesis, we propose a definition of PT in an out‐of‐equilibrium regime that allows the quantification of PT in virtually any biological context. We propose a simple mathematical and conceptual framework applicable to a broad range of available data, such as RNA sequencing coupled with pulsed‐SILAC datasets. We apply our framework to (...)
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  35.  2
    Proving properties of continuous systems: qualitative simulation and temporal logic.Benjamin Shults & Benjamin J. Kuipers - 1997 - Artificial Intelligence 92 (1-2):91-129.
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  36.  10
    Visual Search for Circumscribed Interests in Autism Is Similar to That of Neurotypical Individuals.Benjamin M. Silver, Mary M. Conte, Jonathan D. Victor & Rebecca M. Jones - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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  37.  10
    Resting state brain subnetwork relates to prosociality and compassion in adolescents.Benjamin S. Sipes, Angela Jakary, Yi Li, Jeffrey E. Max, Tony T. Yang & Olga Tymofiyeva - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Adolescence is a crucial time for social development, especially for helping and compassionate behaviors; yet brain networks involved in adolescent prosociality and compassion currently remain underexplored. Here, we sought to evaluate a recently proposed domain-general developmental network model of prosocial cognition by relating adolescent functional and structural brain networks with prosocial and compassionate disposition. We acquired resting state fMRI and diffusion MRI from 95 adolescents along with self-report questionnaires assessing prosociality and compassion. We then applied the Network-Based Statistic to inductively (...)
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  38. Salas contra Suarez on the origins of political power.Benjamin Slingo - 2016 - In Kirstin Bunge, Marko J. Fuchs, Danaë Simmermacher & Anselm Spindler (eds.), The concept of law (lex) in the moral and political thought of the 'School of Salamanca' / edited by Kirstin Bunge, Marko J. Fuchs, Danaë Simmermacher, and Anselm Spindler. Boston: Brill.
     
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  39.  25
    Practicing Afrocentric Ethical Teaching.Benjamin T. H. Smart - 2020 - Teaching Philosophy 43 (2):179-199.
    Slowly, we are gaining a deeper understanding of the persisting psychological trauma experienced by students at colonial universities, and beginning to recognize that the Eurocentric curricula and pedagogies must change if students such as the “born-frees” in post-Apartheid South Africa are to flourish. In this article, I present a sub-Saharan African concept of “the ethical teacher,” and use this to ground a “ubiquitous action-reaction” teaching model. I use these concepts to develop a decolonized pedagogy – a teaching methodology that avoids (...)
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  40. Whispers to Those Who Wish to Enjoy a Happy Life.Benjamin Smith - 1890
     
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  41.  3
    Corrigendum: The Influence of the Stimulus Design on the Harmonic Components of the Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential.Benjamin Solf, Stefan Schramm, Maren-Christina Blum & Sascha Klee - 2021 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 14.
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  42.  15
    Community partnered participatory research in southeast louisiana communities threatened by climate change: The c-learn experience.Benjamin F. Springgate, Olivia Sugarman, Kenneth B. Wells, Lawrence A. Palinkas, Diana Meyers, Ashley Wennerstrom, Arthur Johnson, Catherine Haywood, Daniel Sarpong & Richard Culbertson - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (10):46-48.
    Community Partnered Participatory Research is grounded in the ethical principle of respect for persons participating in the research enterprise. The critical importance of respect for person...
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  43.  11
    John Locke: the Philosopher as Christian Virtuoso by Victoro Nuovo.Benjamin Storey - 2019 - Review of Metaphysics 72 (4):801-803.
  44.  10
    La guerre d'Algérie dans les médias : l'exemple du cinéma.Benjamin Stora - 2008 - Hermes 52:33.
    Le cinéma, contrairement à ce qui a été beaucoup dit, a régulièrement évoqué et montré la guerre d'Algérie avant même la fin de celle-ci. Cinéma d'émotion, cinéma du refus, cinéma politique et sensible, ces films qui traitent de la guerre d'Algérie, après avoir ignoré les Algériens, les « indigènes », ont somme toute développé une palette riche de cette mémoire d'une guerre cruelle à propos de laquelle de nombreux héritiers continuent à débattre. Contrary to much-repeated opinion, the Algerian war has (...)
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  45.  30
    Liberal phenomenal concepts.Benjamin D. Storer - 2020 - Philosophical Explorations 23 (2):95-111.
    In this paper, I offer a third way in debates over the scope of phenomenal consciousness, in the form of a novel synthesis of liberal and conservative introspective observations. My primary claim i...
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  46.  31
    “Ancient Caesarian Lawyers” in a State of Nature.Benjamin Straumann - 2006 - Political Theory 34 (3):328-350.
    This article examines Grotius’s use of a Roman tradition to establish his notion of a natural and international law in his early treatise De iure praedae. It is argued that De iure praedae, on a methodological level, constituted an attempt to introduce a new doctrine of sources of law by making use of the method of classical rhetoric. On a substantive level, the treatise must be seen as growing out of a Ciceronian tradition of natural law arguments in favor of (...)
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  47.  58
    Natural Rights and Roman Law in Hugo Grotius's Theses LVI, De iure praedae and Defensio capitis quinti maris liberi.Benjamin Straumann - 2007 - Grotiana 26 (1):341-365.
    Roman property law and Roman contract law as well as the property centered Roman ethics put forth by Cicero in several of his works were the traditions Grotius drew upon in developing his natural rights system. While both the medieval just war tradition and Grotius's immediate political context deserve scholarly attention and constitute important influences on Grotius's natural law tenets, it is a Roman tradition of subjective legal remedies and of just war which lays claim to a foundational role with (...)
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  48.  7
    What is the Use of Practicing? The Project of Practicing Better Hearing in Pierre Schaeffer’s Treatise on Musical Objects.Benjamin Straehli - 2021 - Methodos 21.
    Cet article cherche à préciser le sens de la pratique que Pierre Schaeffer s’efforce de promouvoir dans le Traité des objets musicaux : « s’exercer à mieux entendre ». Le problème posé est le suivant : que signifie l’idée de chercher à mieux entendre quand, comme dans cet ouvrage, et contrairement à la pratique traditionnelle des classes de solfège, les sons que l’on écoute échappent à tout langage musical établi d’avance, et qu’on ne sait donc pas ce qu’il est bon (...)
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  49.  16
    The Whiteness of Watching.Benjamin Stumpf - 2020 - Radical Philosophy Review 23 (1):117-136.
    This article seeks to develop a concept I term surveillant citizenship, referring to a historically-emergent civic national and moral discourse that prescribes citizen participation in surveillance, policing, and law enforcement. Drawing on philosophy of race, surveillance studies, critical prison studies, and cultural theory, I argue that the ideological projects attached to the ‘War on Crime’ and the ‘War on Drugs’ sought to choreograph white social life around surveillant citizenship—manufacturing consent to police militarization, prison expansion, and mass incarceration, with consequences relevant (...)
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  50.  11
    A Cross-Linguistic Study of Individual Differences in Speech Planning.Benjamin Swets, Susanne Fuchs, Jelena Krivokapić & Caterina Petrone - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Although previous research has shown that there exist individual and cross-linguistic differences in planning strategies during language production, little is known about how such individual differences might vary depending on which language a speaker is planning. The present series of studies examines individual differences in planning strategies exhibited by speakers of American English, French, and German. Participants were asked to describe images on a computer monitor while their eye movements were monitored. In addition, we measured participants' working memory capacity and (...)
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