Results for 'Smith, Kevin R.'

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  1.  14
    The Ethical Visions of Psychotherapy.Kevin R. Smith - 2020 - Routledge.
    Psychotherapy helps one enact ideas about a good life, and therapists practice orientations rooted in their chosen approach. A 'good life' can therefore mean different things depending on the therapy. Building on the philosophy of Charles Taylor, Smith examines the link between therapy, ethics and the root of therapeutic views in comparison to modern, Western ideas about 'living well'. This is one of two complementary volumes. This volume explores the links between therapeutic aims and conceptions of wellbeing. It examines three (...)
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  2.  16
    Re-Thinking Therapy with Taylor: Beyond the Therapeutic.Kevin R. Smith - 2021 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 29 (5):776-790.
    In his critique of the therapeutic, Taylor argues that therapy fails to engage with the ethical and spiritual significance of human suffering. Therapy’s denial of ethics is representative of a wide...
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  3.  8
    Therapeutic Ethics in Context and in Dialogue.Kevin R. Smith - 2020 - New York, NY: Routledge.
    Psychotherapy helps one enact ideas about a good life, and therapists practice orientations rooted in their chosen approach. A 'good life' can therefore mean different things depending on the therapy. Building on the philosophy of Charles Taylor, Smith examines the link between therapy, ethics and the root of therapeutic views in comparison to modern, Western ideas about 'living well'. This is one of two complementary volumes. This volume builds on the last to explore what it means to engage the different (...)
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  4.  38
    Psychotherapy as applied science or moral praxis: The limitations of empirically supported treatment.Kevin R. Smith - 2009 - Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 29 (1):34-46.
    Proponents of empirically supported treatment have argued that psychotherapists have an ethical obligation to make an EST the first choice in clinical practice. This paper challenges this idea. The EST program assumes a model of therapy as technology or applied science that poorly fits the reality of psychotherapeutic practice. The problems brought to therapy implicate fundamental questions regarding what constitutes a good life. A therapeutic response to such problems is not a technical means to change a circumscribed disorder, but an (...)
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  5.  40
    Animal genetic manipulation – a utilitarian response.Kevin R. Smith - 2002 - Bioethics 16 (1):55–71.
    I examine the process and outcomes of animal genetic manipulation (‘transgenesis’) with reference to its morally salient features. I consider several objections to transgenesis. I examine and reject the alleged intrinsic wrongness of ‘deliberate genetic sequence alteration’, as I do the notion that transgenesis may lead to human genetic manipulation. I examine the alleged wrongness of killing inherent in transgenesis, and suggest that the concept of ‘replaceability’ successfully justifies such killing, although not for entities deemed to possess ‘personhood’. I examine (...)
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  6.  35
    Religion, secular medicine and utilitarianism: a response to Biggar.Kevin R. Smith - 2015 - Journal of Medical Ethics 41 (11):867-869.
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  7.  17
    Paternal age bioethics.Kevin R. Smith - 2015 - Journal of Medical Ethics 41 (9):775-779.
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  8.  41
    Differences in negativity bias underlie variations in political ideology.John R. Hibbing, Kevin B. Smith & John R. Alford - 2014 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37 (3):297-307.
    Disputes between those holding differing political views are ubiquitous and deep-seated, and they often follow common, recognizable lines. The supporters of tradition and stability, sometimes referred to as conservatives, do battle with the supporters of innovation and reform, sometimes referred to as liberals. Understanding the correlates of those distinct political orientations is probably a prerequisite for managing political disputes, which are a source of social conflict that can lead to frustration and even bloodshed. A rapidly growing body of empirical evidence (...)
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  9.  12
    Sorting through citizenship: A case study on using cognitive scaffolding to unpack adolescent civic identity formation.Victoria Davis Smith, Kevin R. Magill, Brooke Blevins & Nate Scholten - 2022 - Journal of Social Studies Research 46 (3):223-235.
    Civic engagement requires individuals to have both knowledge of democratic principles and the skills for enacting change. Acquiring the knowledge and skills necessary for a productive civic life can be difficult for students if they are not provided conceptual scaffolds and opportunities to practice citizenship. We implemented and studied an activity using Westheimer and Kahne's (2004) citizenship typology during a summer civics institute to help students grapple with their understandings of “good” citizenship. We found (1) students appropriated the language of (...)
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  10.  23
    Liberals and conservatives: Non-convertible currencies.John R. Hibbing, Kevin B. Smith & John R. Alford - 2015 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 38.
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  11.  23
    Negativity bias and political preferences: A response to commentators.John R. Hibbing, Kevin B. Smith & John R. Alford - 2014 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37 (3):333-350.
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  12. Environmental Theology—A Review Discussion.Kevin W. Irwin - 1996 - The Thomist 60 (2):301-316.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:ENVIRONMENTAL THEOLOGYA REVIEW DISCUSSION* KEVIN W. IRWIN The Catholic University ofAmerica Washington, D.C. l UST OVER a decade ago the Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess coined the term deep ecology to encapsulate his challenge that while others have dealt with short-term views of ure and ways of dealing with the ecological crisis,1 he urged a deeper probing of "why, how and where" educational systems, religious bodies, and societies themselves (...)
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  13. Towards a History of Speech Act Theory.Barry Smith - 1990 - In Armin Burkhardt (ed.), Speech acts, meaning, and intentions: critical approaches to the philosophy of John R. Searle. New York: W. de Gruyter. pp. 29--61.
    That uses of language not only can, but even normally do, have the character of actions was a fact largely unrealised by those engaged in the study of language before the present century, at least in the sense that there was lacking any attempt to come to terms systematically with the action-theoretic peculiarities of language use. Where the action-character of linguistic phenomena was acknowledged, it was normally regarded as a peripheral matter, relating to derivative or nonstandard aspects of language which (...)
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  14.  19
    Are Moral Intuitions Heritable?Kevin Smith & Peter K. Hatemi - 2020 - Human Nature 31 (4):406-420.
    Two prominent theoretical frameworks in moral psychology, Moral Foundations and Dual Process Theory, share a broad foundational assumption that individual differences in human morality are dispositional and in part due to genetic variation. The only published direct test of heritability, however, found little evidence of genetic influences on moral judgments using instrumentation approaches associated with Moral Foundations Theory. This raised questions about one of the core assumptions underpinning intuitionist theories of moral psychology. Here we examine the heritability of moral psychology (...)
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  15.  33
    Deterministic Attributions of Behavior: Brain versus Genes.Kevin R. Peters, Alena Kalinina, Nastassja M. Downer & Amy Van Elswyk - 2021 - Neuroethics 14 (3):507-528.
    This research examined the influence of social-, genetic-, and brain-based explanations on attributions of others’ behaviors. Participants were university students in Studies 1, 2, and 3. Participants read a vignette about an individual who possessed several undesirable behaviors and answered related questions. The first two studies had within-subjects designs. Participants in Study 1 were provided with social-, genetic-, and brain-based explanations for the individual’s behavior. The order of the genetic- and brain-based explanations was reversed in Study 2. Study 3 used (...)
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  16.  11
    The Ontology of Well-Being in Social Policy and Welfare Practice.Steven R. Smith - 2022 - Springer Verlag.
    This book provides important philosophical insights concerning the kind of creatures we are such that we can experience something we understand as well-being, with these insights then being applied to various areas of social policy and welfare practice. The author defends what he calls The Ontology of Well-Being Thesis (TOWT), addressing ontological questions about the human condition, and how these questions are fundamental to issues concerning what we might know about human well-being and how we should promote it. Yet, surprisingly, (...)
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  17.  66
    Ethics and ego dissolution: the case of psilocybin.William R. Smith & Dominic Sisti - 2021 - Journal of Medical Ethics 47 (12):807-814.
    Despite the fact that psychedelics were proscribed from medical research half a century ago, recent, early-phase trials on psychedelics have suggested that they bring novel benefits to patients in the treatment of several mental and substance use disorders. When beneficial, the psychedelic experience is characterized by features unlike those of other psychiatric and medical treatments. These include senses of losing self-importance, ineffable knowledge, feelings of unity and connection with others and encountering ‘deep’ reality or God. In addition to symptom relief, (...)
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  18.  33
    Multiply-constrained semantic search in the Remote Associates Test.Kevin A. Smith, David E. Huber & Edward Vul - 2013 - Cognition 128 (1):64-75.
  19.  16
    The Sin of Heresy: Opposition to Heresy in Augustine’s Confessions.Kevin A. Smith - 2023 - Heythrop Journal 64 (1):111-119.
    Throughout the Confessions, Augustine repeatedly complains about heresy with a special focus on the heresy he once belonged to, Manicheanism. To those of us who live in a culture in which respectable people rarely, if ever, care about religious orthodoxy to such a degree, these complaints seem rather bizarre. Despite this initial appearance, Augustine presents in the Confessions several plausible reasons for thinking heresy is sinful and, therefore, detrimental to a person’s sanctity and ultimate salvation. In this paper, I argue (...)
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  20. Against homeopathy – a utilitarian perspective.Kevin Smith - 2012 - Bioethics 26 (8):398-409.
    I examine the positive and negative features of homeopathy from an ethical perspective. I consider: (a) several potentially beneficial features of homeopathy, including non-invasiveness, cost-effectiveness, holism, placebo benefits and agent autonomy; and (b) several potentially negative features of homeopathy, including failure to seek effective healthcare, wastage of resources, promulgation of false beliefs and a weakening of commitment to scientific medicine. A utilitarian analysis of the utilities and disutilities leads to the conclusion that homeopathy is ethically unacceptable and ought to be (...)
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  21. Mach und Ehrenfels. Mulligan, Kevin und Smith & Barry - 1986 - In Reinhard Fabian (ed.), Christian von Ehrenfels: Leben und Werk. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
     
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  22.  31
    Synthetic Biology: A Utilitarian Perspective.Kevin Smith - 2013 - Bioethics 27 (8):453-463.
    I examine the positive and negative features of synthetic biology (‘SynBio’) from a utilitarian ethical perspective. The potential beneficial outcomes from SynBio in the context of medicine are substantial; however it is not presently possible to predict precise outcomes due to the nascent state of the field. Potential negative outcomes from SynBio also exist, including iatrogenesis and bioterrorism; however it is not yet possible to quantify these risks. I argue that the application of a ‘precautionary’ approach to SynBio is ethically (...)
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  23.  77
    Sources of Uncertainty in Intuitive Physics.Kevin A. Smith & Edward Vul - 2013 - Topics in Cognitive Science 5 (1):185-199.
    Recent work suggests that people predict how objects interact in a manner consistent with Newtonian physics, but with additional uncertainty. However, the sources of uncertainty have not been examined. In this study, we measure perceptual noise in initial conditions and stochasticity in the physical model used to make predictions. Participants predicted the trajectory of a moving object through occluded motion and bounces, and we compared their behavior to an ideal observer model. We found that human judgments cannot be captured by (...)
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  24.  41
    Moral expertise without moral elitism.William R. Smith - 2023 - Bioethics 37 (6):564-574.
    Skepticism about ethical expertise has grown common, raising concerns that bioethicists’ roles are inappropriate or depend on something other than expertise in ethics. While these roles may depend on skills other than those of expertise, overlooking the role of expertise in ethics distorts our conception of moral advising. This paper argues that motivations to reject ethical expertise often stem from concerns about elitism: either an intellectualist elitism, where some privileged elite have supposedly special access in virtue of expertise in moral (...)
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  25.  32
    Book review: Balance of philosophical and practice: Reviewed by Kevin R. stoner. [REVIEW]Kevin R. Stoner - 1993 - Journal of Mass Media Ethics 8 (1):58 – 60.
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  26. Homeopathy is unscientific and unethical.Kevin Smith - 2012 - Bioethics 26 (9):508-512.
    In opposition to the premises of Against Homeopathy – a Utilitarian Perspective, all four respondents base their objections on the central claims that homeopathy is in fact scientifically plausible and is supported by empirical evidence. Despite ethical aspects forming the main thrust of Against Homeopathy, the respondents’ focus on scientific aspects represents sound strategy, since the ethical case against homeopathy would be weakened concomitant with the extent to which any plausibility for homeopathy could be demonstrated. The trouble here is that (...)
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  27.  89
    Religious Accommodation in Bioethics and the Practice of Medicine.William R. Smith & Robert Audi - 2021 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 46 (2):188-218.
    Debates about the ethics of health care and medical research in contemporary pluralistic democracies often arise partly from competing religious and secular values. Such disagreements raise challenges of balancing claims of religious liberty with claims to equal treatment in health care. This paper proposes several mid-level principles to help in framing sound policies for resolving such disputes. We develop and illustrate these principles, exploring their application to conscientious objection by religious providers and religious institutions, accommodation of religious priorities in biomedical (...)
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  28.  9
    Shining a Light on Race: Contrast and Assimilation Effects in the Perception of Skin Tone and Racial Typicality.Kevin R. Brooks, Daniel Sturman & O. Scott Gwinn - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    Researchers have long debated the extent to which an individual’s skin tone influences their perceived race. Brooks and Gwinn demonstrated that the race of surrounding faces can affect the perceived skin tone of a central target face without changing perceived racial typicality, suggesting that skin lightness makes a small contribution to judgments of race compared to morphological cues. However, the lack of a consistent light source may have undermined the reliability of skin tone cues, encouraging observers to rely disproportionately on (...)
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  29.  6
    Illuminating the Consequentialist Logic of Harm Reduction After Overdose Through a Hypothetical Randomized Trial.Stefan G. Kertesz & Kevin R. Riggs - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (5):45-48.
    Marshall et al. (2024) identify a potential ethical conflict between the principles of beneficence and respect for patient autonomy when patients refuse to remain in an emergency department (ED) fo...
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  30.  48
    Kant’s Different “Publics” and the Justice of Publicity.Kevin R. Davis - 1992 - Kant Studien 83 (2):170-184.
  31.  15
    Fodor on Language Comprehension as Inferential Process: A Phenomenological Critique.Kevin Smith - 1987 - Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 18 (1-2):143-186.
  32.  15
    Physicians' Dual Agency, Stewardship, and Marginally Beneficial Care.Kevin R. Riggs & Matthew DeCamp - 2014 - American Journal of Bioethics 14 (9):49-51.
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  33. Biomedical Ethics: A Utilitarian Perspective.Kevin Smith - 2008 - Ethics 5 (3-4):179-196.
     
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  34.  43
    The Role of Sequential Dependence in Creative Semantic Search.Kevin A. Smith & Edward Vul - 2015 - Topics in Cognitive Science 7 (3):543-546.
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  35.  28
    Kantian "Publicity" and Political Justice.Kevin R. Davis - 1991 - History of Philosophy Quarterly 8 (4):409 - 421.
  36.  61
    Time to start intervening in the human germline? A utilitarian perspective.Kevin Smith - 2019 - Bioethics 34 (1):90-104.
    Focusing on present‐day possibilities raised by existing technology, I consider the normative aspects of genetically modifying the human germline from a utilitarian standpoint. With reference to a hypothetical case, I examine the probable consequences of permitting a well‐conceived attempt to correct a disease‐associated gene in the human germline using current CRISPR gene‐editing technology. I consider inter alia the likely effects on utility of creating healthy new lives, of discouraging adoption, and of kickstarting a revolution in human germline genetic modification (HGGM). (...)
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  37.  12
    Philosophical issues in journalism (book).Kevin R. Stoner - 1993 - Journal of Mass Media Ethics 8 (1):58 – 60.
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  38.  11
    Spener’s Eschatology.Kevin R. Baxter - 2005 - In Udo Sträter (ed.), Interdisziplinäre Pietismusforschungen: Beiträge Zum Ersten Internationalen Kongress Für Pietismusforschung 2001. De Gruyter. pp. 145-154.
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  39.  14
    Editorial: Experimental Approaches to Body Image, Representation and Perception.Kevin R. Brooks, Jason Bell, Lynda G. Boothroyd & Ian D. Stephen - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
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  40.  89
    Reason, Induction, and the Humean Objection to Kant.Kevin R. Busch - 2015 - Kant Yearbook 7 (1):23-45.
    While Kant does not address the problem of induction often attributed to Hume, he does, by way of a transcendental deduction of an a priori principle of reflecting empirical judgment, address a distinct problem Hume raises indirectly. This problem is that induction cannot be justified so long as it presupposes some empirical concept applying to or some empirical principle true of more than one object in nature, a presupposition neither determined by nor founded on reason. I draw on Hume’s positive (...)
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  41.  11
    Trying to Serve Two Masters is Easy, Compared to Three: Identity Multiplicity Work by Christian Impact Investors.Brett R. Smith, Amanda Lawson, Jessica Jones, Tim Holcomb & Aimee Minnich - 2022 - Journal of Business Ethics 179 (4):1053-1070.
    While research has focused on financial and social goals in impact investing, we add to the limited research that focuses on how individuals manage identity multiplicity, defined as three or more role identities. Based on our qualitative study of Christian impact investors, we develop a model of identity multiplicity work, explaining how individuals manage their multiple role identities to reduce identity tensions during the process of impact investing. We find individuals engaged in an interactive, ongoing three-step process of identity multiplicity (...)
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  42.  33
    The Joke-Secret and an Ethics of Modern Individuality: From Freud to Simmel.Daniel R. Smith - 2021 - Theory, Culture and Society 38 (5):53-71.
    Why has comedy become one of our most abiding ethical preoccupations as well as a dominant mode of political critique? It is suggested that comedy appeals to contemporary persons because it provides an apt social-aesthetic form through which to face up to living with others at a time when it is hard to bear others or otherness. The article outlines an ethics of modern individuality by developing a theory of comedy as more about building social bonds and finding out what (...)
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  43.  20
    On the history of political diversity in social psychology.Kevin R. Binning & David O. Sears - 2015 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 38.
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  44.  20
    The End of the World As We Know It: Faith, Fatalism, and Apocalypse in America (review).Kevin R. West - 1997 - Symploke 5 (1):241-242.
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  45.  77
    Are instantaneous velocities real and really instantaneous?: an argument for the affirmative.Sheldon R. Smith - 2003 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 34 (2):261-280.
  46.  12
    9 Local: Global.Kevin R. Cox - 2005 - In Paul Cloke & Ron Johnston (eds.), Spaces of geographical thought: deconstructing human geography's binaries. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications. pp. 175.
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  47. Anselmian Defense of Hell.T. Parker Haratine & Kevin A. Smith - 2024 - TheoLogica: An International Journal for Philosophy of Religion and Philosophical Theology 8 (1).
    This article constructively retrieves St. Anselm of Canterbury’s theory of retributive justice and provides a defense of what can be called the retributive model of hell. In the first part of this article, we develop the place of retributive punishment in Anselm’s thinking and discuss how and when retributive punishment is a good thing. In the second part, we apply Anselm’s thinking on retributive justice to the problem of hell and provide a defense of how hell, defined as a state (...)
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  48.  21
    Decreased Cerebellar-Orbitofrontal Connectivity Correlates with Stuttering Severity: Whole-Brain Functional and Structural Connectivity Associations with Persistent Developmental Stuttering.Kevin R. Sitek, Shanqing Cai, Deryk S. Beal, Joseph S. Perkell, Frank H. Guenther & Satrajit S. Ghosh - 2016 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 10.
  49.  37
    UG and SLA: The access question, and how to beg it.Kevin R. Gregg - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):726-727.
    Epstein, Flynn, and Martohardjono trivialize the question of access to universal grammar in second language acquisition by arguing against a straw-man version of the no-access position and by begging the question of how second language (L2) knowledge is represented in the mind/brain of an adult L2 learner. They compound their errors by employing a research methodology that fails to provide any relevant evidence.
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  50.  30
    Sperm‐mediated gene transfer: Applications and implications.Kevin Smith & Corrado Spadafora - 2005 - Bioessays 27 (5):551-562.
    Recent developments in studies of sperm‐mediated gene transfer (SMGT) now provide solid ground for the notion that sperm cells can act as vectors for exogenous genetic sequences. A substantive body of evidence indicates that SMGT is potentially useable in animal transgenesis, but also suggests that the final fate of the exogenous sequences transferred by sperm is not always predictable. The analysis of SMGT‐derived offspring has shown the existence of integrated foreign sequences in some cases, while in others stable modifications of (...)
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