Results for 'J. S. Lidgett'

1000+ found
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  1.  68
    The Scientific Ponzi Scheme.Kevin J. S. Zollman - unknown
    Fraud and misleading research represent serious impediments to scientific progress. We must uncover the causes of fraud in order to understand how science functions and in order to develop strategies for combating epistemically detrimental behavior. This paper investigates how the incentive to commit fraud is enhanced by the structure of the scientific reward system. Science is an "accumulation process:" success begets resources which begets more success. Through a simplified mathematical model, I argue that this cyclic relationship enhances the appeal of (...)
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  2.  85
    Conservatism and the Scientific State of Nature.Erich Kummerfeld & Kevin J. S. Zollman - 2016 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 67 (4):1057-1076.
    Those who comment on modern scientific institutions are often quick to praise institutional structures that leave scientists to their own devices. These comments reveal an underlying presumption that scientists do best when left alone—when they operate in what we call the ‘scientific state of nature’. Through computer simulation, we challenge this presumption by illustrating an inefficiency that arises in the scientific state of nature. This inefficiency suggests that one cannot simply presume that science is most efficient when institutional control is (...)
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  3.  88
    Natural Conventions and Indirect Speech Arts.Mandy Simons & Kevin J. S. Zollman - 2019 - Philosophers' Imprint 19.
    In this paper, we develop the notion of a natural convention, and illustrate its usefulness in a detailed examination of indirect requests in English. Our treatment of convention is grounded in Lewis’s seminal account; we do not here redefine convention, but rather explore the space of possibilities within Lewis’s definition, highlighting certain types of variation that Lewis de-emphasized. Applied to the case of indirect requests, which we view through a Searlean lens, the notion of natural convention allows us to give (...)
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  4.  69
    Optimal Publishing Strategies.Kevin J. S. Zollman - 2009 - Episteme 6 (2):185-199.
    Journals regulate a significant portion of the communication between scientists. This paper devises an agent-based model of scientific practice and uses it to compare various strategies for selecting publications by journals. Surprisingly, it appears that the best selection method for journals is to publish relatively few papers and to select those papers it publishes at random from the available “above threshold” papers it receives. This strategy is most effective at maintaining an appropriate type of diversity that is needed to solve (...)
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  5.  88
    Modeling the social consequences of testimonial norms.Kevin J. S. Zollman - 2015 - Philosophical Studies 172 (9):2371-2383.
    This paper approaches the problem of testimony from a new direction. Rather than focusing on the epistemic grounds for testimony, it considers the problem from the perspective of an individual who must choose whom to trust from a population of many would-be testifiers. A computer simulation is presented which illustrates that in many plausible situations, those who trust without attempting to judge the reliability of testifiers outperform those who attempt to seek out the more reliable members of the community. In (...)
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  6.  24
    Idea: A Concept in Art Theory.Erwin Panofsky & Joseph J. S. Peake - 1968 - University of South Carolina Press.
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  7. A Framework for Assessing the Moral Status of Manipulation,.J. S. Blumenthal-Barby - 2014 - In Christian Coons Michael Weber (ed.), Manipulation: Theory and Practice. New York: Oup Usa. pp. 121-134.
    This paper deals with the ethics of using knowledge about a person’s particular psychological make-up, or about the psychology of judgment and decision-making in general, to shape that person’s decisions and behaviors. Various moral concerns emerge about this practice, but one of the more elusive and underdeveloped concerns is the charge of manipulation. It is this concern that is the focus of this paper. I argue that it is not the case that any of the practices traditionally labeled as “manipulation” (...)
     
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  8. Entropy in Relation to Incomplete Knowledge.K. G. Denbigh, J. S. Denbigh & H. D. Zeh - 1991 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 42 (1):111-144.
     
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  9. The communication structure of epistemic communities.Kevin J. S. Zollman - 2011 - In Alvin I. Goldman & Dennis Whitcomb (eds.), Social Epistemology: Essential Readings. New York: Oxford University Press.
     
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  10.  20
    Psychiatry's New Manual (DSM-5): Ethical and Conceptual Dimensions.J. S. Blumenthal-Barby - 2014 - Journal of Medical Ethics: The Journal of the Institute of Medical Ethics 40 (8):531-536.
    The introduction of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in May 2013 is being hailed as the biggest event in psychiatry in the last 10 years. In this paper I examine three important issues that arise from the new manual: Expanding nosology: Psychiatry has again broadened its nosology to include human experiences not previously under its purview. Consequence-based ethical concerns about this expansion are addressed, along with conceptual concerns about a confusion of "construct validity" and "conceptual validity" and (...)
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  11. The theory of games as a tool for the social epistemologist.Kevin J. S. Zollman - 2020 - Philosophical Studies 178 (4):1381-1401.
    Traditionally, epistemologists have distinguished between epistemic and pragmatic goals. In so doing, they presume that much of game theory is irrelevant to epistemic enterprises. I will show that this is a mistake. Even if we restrict attention to purely epistemic motivations, members of epistemic groups will face a multitude of strategic choices. I illustrate several contexts where individuals who are concerned solely with the discovery of truth will nonetheless face difficult game theoretic problems. Examples of purely epistemic coordination problems and (...)
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  12.  36
    Functional Morphology in Paleobiology: Origins of the Method of ‘Paradigms’.Martin J. S. Rudwick - 2018 - Journal of the History of Biology 51 (1):135-178.
    From the early nineteenth century, the successful use of fossils in stratigraphy oriented paleontology towards geology. The consequent marginalising of biological objectives was countered in the twentieth century by the rise of ‘Paläobiologie’, first in the German cultural area and only later, as ‘paleobiology’, in the anglophone world. Several kinds of paleobiological research flourished internationally after the Second World War, among them the novel field of ‘paleoecology’. Within this field there were attempts to apply functional morphology to the problematical cases (...)
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  13. Memory illusions and consciousness: Examining the phenomenology of true and false memories.J. M. Lampinen, J. S. Neuschatz & D. G. Payne - 1998 - Current Psychology 16:181-224.
  14.  77
    The nonlocality of mind.Christopher J. S. Clarke - 1995 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 2 (3):231-40.
    The dominance in normal awareness of visual percepts, which are linked to space, obscures the fact that most thoughts are non-spatial. It is argued that the mind is intrinsically non-spatial, though in perception can become compresent with spatial things derived from outside the mind. The assumption that the brain is entirely spatial is also challenged, on the grounds that there is a perfectly good place for the non-spatial in physics. A quantum logic approach to physics, which takes non-locality as its (...)
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  15.  4
    Nyāyakandalī being a commentary on Praśastapādabhāṣya, with three sub-commentaries. Śrīdharācārya, J. S. Jetly & G. C. Parikh - 1991 - Vadodara, India: Oriental Institute. Edited by J. S. Jetly, G. C. Parikh, Praśastapādācārya, Naracandrasūri, Rājaśekharasūri & Śiḍilavommideva.
    Supercommentary, with commentaries on Praśastapādabhāṣya, a work on Kaṇāda's Vaiśeṣikasūtra, treatise on the Vaiśeṣika school in Hindu philosophy.
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  16. The evolutionary fate and consequences of duplicate genes.M. Lynch & J. S. Conery - 2014 - In Francisco José Ayala & John C. Avise (eds.), Essential readings in evolutionary biology. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  17.  20
    Krishna, the Butter Thief.R. S. McGregor & J. S. Hawley - 1984 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 104 (3):602.
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  18. J. B. S.: The Life and Work of J. B. S. Haldane.Ronald Clark, K. R. Dronamraju & J. S. Huxley - 1971 - Journal of the History of Biology 4 (1):171-183.
     
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  19.  17
    Thomas Reid on religion.James J. S. Foster (ed.) - 2017 - Exeter, UK: Imprint Academic.
    This volume -- a companion to Thomas Reid: Selected Philosophical Writings (2012) -- makes available material from Thomas Reid's autograph manuscripts and student notes of his lectures. It includes an introductory essay by Nicholas Wolterstorff.
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  20.  10
    Sir Charles Lyell's Scientific Journals on the Species QuestionLeonard G. Wilson.M. J. S. Hodge - 1971 - Isis 62 (1):119-120.
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  21.  58
    Concerning value science.L. Haworth & J. S. Minas - 1954 - Philosophy of Science 21 (1):54-61.
    There has been much discussion in recent years of the possibilities for and nature of “value science.” The present paper is intended to be a contribution to this discussion. One encouraging feature of the bulk of current discussion of value science is that its protagonists have a definite end in view, namely, “human betterment,” taking that phrase in the common sense as covering, at least, a process of creating and maintaining such conditions of life as enable human beings successfully to (...)
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  22. Visual integration across saccadic eye-movements.J. S. de IrwinBrown - 1988 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 26 (6):525-525.
     
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  23.  22
    An Evolutionary Comparison of the Handicap Principle and Hybrid Equilibrium Theories of Signaling.Patrick Kane & Kevin J. S. Zollman - unknown
    The handicap principle has come under significant challenge both from empirical studies and from theoretical work. As a result, a number of alternative explanations for honest signaling have been proposed. This paper compares the evolutionary plausibility of one such alternative, the "hybrid equilibrium," to the handicap principle. We utilize computer simulations to compare these two theories as they are instantiated in Maynard Smith's Sir Philip Sidney game. We conclude that, when both types of communication are possible, evolution is unlikely to (...)
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  24. Tom Rockmore, Heidegger and French Philosophy.J. S. O'Leary - 1995 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 3:390-390.
     
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  25. Effects of critical access hospital conversion on the financial performance of rural hospitals.P. Li, J. S. Schneider & M. M. Ward - 2009 - Inquiry: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 46:46-57.
     
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  26.  29
    Running against the boundaries: Kafka and Wittgenstein.Barry Seldes & Sybe J. S. Terwee - 1996 - The European Legacy 1 (4):1408-1413.
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  27.  34
    Cosmic Companionship: The Place of God in the Moral Reasoning of Martin Luther King, Jr.Thomas J. S. Mikelson - 1990 - Journal of Religious Ethics 18 (2):1-14.
    The concept of God was a central element in the moral reasoning of Martin Luther King, Jr. Originally shaped by his black religious heritage and developed further in his doctoral studies, the concept of God, his nature and his attributes frequently appeared as themes during King 's leadership of the Civil Rights Movement. This essay examines the place of the concept of God in King 's thought, concentrating on the last period of his life, when King took some of his (...)
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  28.  45
    Heidegger and Plato.William J. Richardson & J. S. - 1963 - Heythrop Journal 4 (3):273–279.
  29. David Loewenstein, Milton and the Drama of History.J. S. O'Leary - 1995 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 3:388-388.
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  30.  55
    More about `about'.Hilary Putnam & J. S. Ullian - 1965 - Journal of Philosophy 62 (12):305-310.
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  31. Watching spoken language perception: Using eye-movements to track lexical access. In G. W. Cottrell (Ed.).P. D. Allopenna, J. S. Magnuson & M. K. Tanenhaus - 1996 - In Garrison W. Cottrell (ed.), Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Conference of The Cognitive Science Society. Lawrence Erlbaum.
     
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  32. Life and Finite Individuality Two Symposia; 1.Herbert Wildon Carr, J. S. Haldane, D'arcy Wentworth Thompson, Peter Chalmers Mitchell & L. T. Hobhouse - 1918 - Williams.
     
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  33.  37
    Should Repugnance Give Us Pause? On the Neuroscience of Daily Moral Reasoning.Aaron Cardon & J. S. Blumenthal-Barby - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics- Neuroscience 2 (2):47-48.
    In our commentary we briefly review the work on the neurological differences between the rational ethical analysis used in professional contexts and the reflexive emotional responses of our daily moral reasoning, and discuss the implications for the claim that our normative arguments should not rely on the emotion of repugnance.
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  34.  12
    Cremation a problem to African people.Maake J. S. Masango - 2005 - HTS Theological Studies 61 (4).
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  35. The role of quantum physics in the theory of subjective consciousness.Christopher J. S. Clarke - 2007 - Mind and Matter 5 (1):45-81.
    I argue that a dual-aspect theory of consciousness, associated with a particular class of quantum states, can provide a consistent account of consciousness. I illustrate this with the use of coherent states as this class. The proposal meets Chalmers 'requirements of allowing a structural correspondence between consciousness and its physical correlate. It provides a means for consciousness to have an effect on the world (it is not an epiphenomenon, and can thus be selected by evolution) in a way that supplements (...)
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  36. The Web of Belief.Willard Orman Quinvane & J. S. Ullian - 1982 - Random House.
     
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  37. Cc Booth.B. Lewis, J. S. Stewart & D. L. Mollin - 1965 - In Karl W. Linsenmann (ed.), Proceedings. St. Louis, Lutheran Academy for Scholarship. pp. 184.
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  38.  53
    Prescriptivism in theory and in practice: The moral philosophy of R. M. Hare.Gerard J. Hughes & J. S. - 1973 - Heythrop Journal 14 (2):136–146.
  39. Institutionalism.Sven Steinmo, J. S. Neil & B. B. Paul - 2001 - In Neil J. Smelser & Paul B. Baltes (eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Elsevier. pp. 11--7554.
  40.  19
    The Legacy of Empiricism: Empiricism Past, Present and Future (A Conference in Honour of George Davie).Kant Reid, J. S. Mill & William James Husserl - 1996 - Mind 105.
  41.  14
    Essay Review: The Principle of Uniformity: Natural Law and Divine MiracleNatural Law and Divine Miracle. HooykaasR. . Pp. xiv + 237.M. J. S. Rudwick - 1962 - History of Science 1 (1):82-86.
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  42.  22
    Chance and Uncertainty: Their Role in Various Disciplines.H. W. Capel, J. S. Cramer, O. Estevez-Uscanga, C. A. J. Klaassen & G. J. Mellenbergh (eds.) - 1995 - Amsterdam University Press.
    'Uncertainty and chance' is a subject with a broad span, in that there is no academic discipline or walk of life that is not beset by uncertainty and chance. In this book a range of approaches is represented by authors from varied disciplines: natural sciences, mathematics, social sciences and medical sciences. At one extreme, this volume is concerned with the foundations of probability. At the other extreme, we have scholars who acknowledge the concept of chance and uncertainty but do not (...)
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  43. Attitude formation: Function and structure.Sally Chaiken, J. S. Neil & B. B. Paul - 2001 - In Neil J. Smelser & Paul B. Baltes (eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Elsevier. pp. 2--899.
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  44.  21
    Consciousness and non-hierarchical physics.Christopher J. S. Clarke - 2001 - In P. Van Loocke (ed.), The Physical Nature of Consciousness. John Benjamins. pp. 29--191.
    An example is presented of a model of consciousness based on a description of the world which integrates the material and psychological aspects from the start. An indication is given of work under way to test the model.
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  45.  12
    Forgetting Corporate Irresponsibility: The Role of Corporate Political Activities and Stakeholder Characteristics.Nilufer Yapici & Ratan J. S. Dheer - 2023 - Journal of Business Ethics 191 (1):29-57.
    Corporate social irresponsibility continues despite institutional pressures for socially responsible behavior, resulting in disasters like the Kalamazoo River Oil Spill and the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill. We conduct an in-depth abductive analysis of the Kalamazoo River Oil Spill to explain factors that enable corporate forgetting work projects. Specifically, we illustrate how a corporation’s political activities allow it to gain the power to suppress its mnemonic community’s voices, thereby attenuating an irresponsible event’s memory from the minds of its stakeholders, protecting its (...)
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  46.  21
    A simulation of texture development in f.c.c. metals.J. S. Kallend & G. J. Davies - 1972 - Philosophical Magazine 25 (2):471-490.
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  47.  24
    On the relativity of shapes.A. J. S. Capistrano - 2010 - Apeiron: Studies in Infinite Nature 17 (2):42.
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  48.  39
    The sense of being stared at: Its relevance to the physics of consciousness.Christopher J. S. Clarke - 2005 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 12 (6):78-82.
  49.  13
    Del Vaticano II... a ¿Jerusalén II?Víctor Codina & S. J. - 2011 - Franciscanum 53 (156):357-367.
    El deseo y oraciones de Juan XXIII pidiendo que el Vaticano II fuera un Pentecostés para la Iglesia, fue ampliamente escuchado por el Señor. El Vaticano II fue una auténtica irrupción del Espíritu sobre la Iglesia, un acontecimiento salvífico, un kairós. Hay un “antes” un “después” del Vaticano II.
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  50.  14
    Dekonstruksie en Bybelse hermeneutiek.N. J. S. Steenekamp & A. G. Van Aarde - 1991 - HTS Theological Studies 47 (2).
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