This paper reflects on Virtue as a key concept at the source of the common, and still prevalent, classification of drawings as bad or good, which shifted from the moral or Ethical to the Aesthetics domain between 1400 and 1600. It is suggested that clarity and control were characteristics of goodness in a particular period, while fastness and chance were characteristics of goodness in subsequent times, yet both revealing the projections of the ethical over the aesthetic.

The importance of non-codifying DNA polymorphism for the administration of justice is now well known. In Spain, however, this type of test has given rise to questions in recent years: Should consent be obtained before biological samples are taken from an individual for DNA analysis? Does society perceive these techniques and methods of analysis as being reliable? There appears to be lack of knowledge concerning the basic norms that regulate databases containing private or personal information and the protection that information (...) of this type must be given. This opinion survey and the subsequent analysis of the results in ethical terms may serve to reveal the criteria and the degree of information that society has with regard to DNA databases. In the study, 73.20% of the population surveyed was in favour of specific legislation for computer files in which DNA analysis results for forensic purposes are stored. (shrink)

Firm managers play an important role in the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) actions. Education is emerging as the key factor in developing a sense of moral responsibility amongst the business students who will eventually become company managers and decision makers. The aim of this research is, thus, twofold. First, to analyze the existence of a direct positive correlation between university students’ perception of CSR and its impact on business performance; and second, to examine the extent to which two (...) factors (advantages brought by CSR and responsibilities toward stakeholders) act as mediation variables in the aforementioned correlation. The analysis was performed with a sample of 390 business‐related university students. Amongst the potential contributions made by this study we can highlight the possibility of knowing future managers’ way of thinking and of knowing the aspects where educational centers might improve their CSR teaching. (shrink)

The article addresses how societal inequalities shape market arrangements. While business scholars developed important work about the interplay of organizations and societal economic inequalities, less has been said about the embeddedness of markets in unequal social structures. We argue that this issue may be addressed by cross-fertilizing the sociological approach of Bourdieu and the Strategic Action Fields perspective. To demonstrate our view, we assessed the extreme case of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) recycling markets in Brazil, conducting a qualitative study based on (...) the precepts of abductive analysis and using data from different secondary sources, interviews, and participant observation. We verified the existence of correspondences between the power of strategic action fields and the positions the individuals controlling them occupy in what Bourdieu calls the social space and show how these differences enable inter field connections that tend to reproduce social hierarchies. (shrink)

The claim according to which there is a categorial gap between meaning and saying ¿ between what sentences mean and what we say by using them on particular occasions ¿ has come to be widely regarded as being exclusively a claim in the philosophy of language. The present essay collection takes a different approach to these issues. It seeks to explore the ways in which that claim ¿ as defended first by ordinary language philosophy and, more recently, by various contextualist (...) projects ¿ is grounded in considerations that transcend the philosophy of language. More specifically, the volume seeks to explore how that claim is inextricably linked to considerations about the nature of truth and representation. It is thus part of the objective of this volume to rethink the current way of framing the debates on these issues. By framing the debate in terms of an opposition between "ideal language theorists" and their semanticist heirs on the one hand and "communication theorists" and their contextualist heirs on the other, one brackets important controversies and risks obscuring the undoubtedly very real oppositions that exist between different currents of thought. (shrink)

El presente trabajo tiene la finalidad de mostrar la fenomenología dialéctica de Eduardo Nicol. Para ello parto de lo que considera Nicol el origen de la crisis de la metafísica. Identificado el origen de tal crisis, expondré los tipos de relación del conocimiento que existen en relación a lo que Nicol llama “ontología de la verdad”. En esta exposición, mostraré el sentido que adquiere para Nicol el carácter apodícti-co de la experiencia y la relación existente entre método y ontología. (...) Estas dos ideas nos revelarán la importancia que tiene el “otro” en el desarrollo fenomenológico nicoliano así como el sentido de la historicidad.Como consecuencia, la fenomenología dialéctica se presenta como un método que pretende dar solución a la crisis de la metafísica continuando la tradición fenomenológica iniciada por Husserl a través de una revisión de la misma.This research is intended to show the phenomenological method of Eduardo Nicol. To do this I start from the consideration of Nicol regarding the origin of the crisis of metaphysics. Identified the origin of this crisis, I will explain the relationship types of knowledge that exist in relation to what Nicol called "ontology of truth." In this presentation, I will show the meaning that for Nicol has the apodictic character of experience and the relationship between method and ontology. These two ideas will reveal the importance of the "other" in the phenomenological development and sense of historicity. As a result, dialectical phenomenology is presented as a method that aims to answer the crisis of metaphysics continuing the tradition begun by Husserl through a review of it. (shrink)

En este trabajo se analiza la relación entre los conceptos de fetichismo y lucha de clases en el particular marxismo de Slavoj Žižek. Žižek comprende el fetichismo marxiano a través del psicoanálisis y en el marco de la concepción de Marx de la religión en dos sentidos: como ideología y como fundamento. Esto le permite mostrar que el fetichismo y en general el hecho religioso, no es únicamente «falsa conciencia» sino que también funciona como el elemento constitutivo e insuperable de (...) lo real, lo que, a su vez permite repensar la lucha de clases. (shrink)

Transhumanism proposes human enhancement while regarding the human body as unfit for the future. This fulfills age-old aspirations for a perfect and durable body. We use “alienation” as a concept to analyze this mismatch between human aspirations and our current condition. For Hannah Arendt alienation may be accounted for in terms of earth- and world-alienation, as well as alienation from human nature, and especially from the given (“resentment of the given”). In transhumanism, the biological body is an impediment to human (...) accomplishment. At most, this movement accepts “clean” bodies, not bodies with excretions. We argue that real human bodies are valued in the event of giving birth, so a modified concept that Arendt proposed, natality, seems a suitable way to explore the dialectic alienation-reconciliation involving the body (Arendt’s “A child has been born unto us”), when re-read by some feminist scholars. (shrink)

This article tries to delineate the proposition that to Feuerbach nature is an autonomous and independent being that comes first in comparison to the spirit. To him, material nature, that exists in its qualitative differentness, independent from thinking, is the original source, the immediate, not deductible, uncreated fundament of all real existence, that exists and consists in itself, when put vis-a-vis the spirit. Feuerbach sets nature against the spirit, for it is his understanding that nature is not a pure (...) other that only through the spirit was set as nature, but as the first source, the objective material reality that exists outside reason and is given to man by means of his senses as fundament and essence of his life. Therefore, one is dealing first with that essence (light, air, water, fire, plants, animals etc) without which man does not exist or could be thought of as existing. To Feuerbach nature is all objects and essences put together. Under this condition it is possible to conceive nature as guarantor of externality itself as if it could exist independently from us, an entity that is unaware of itself and which exists in itself and by itself; for this reason it shall not be seen as something which it is not, i.e., neither divine nor human. Nature always existed, i.e., it exists in itself and has only meaning in itself; it is itself, i.e., it has no mystical essence, it does not hide behind it any absolute being whether human, divine, transcendental or ideal. (shrink)

If there is no inner model with ω many strong cardinals, then there is a set forcing extension of the universe with a projective well-ordering of the reals.

If the bounded proper forcing axiom BPFA holds and ω 1 = ${\mathrm{\omega }}_{1}^{\mathrm{L}}$ , then there is a lightface ${\mathrm{\Sigma }}_{3}^{1}$ well-ordering of the reals. The argument combines a well-ordering due to Caicedo-Veličković with an absoluteness result for models of MA in the spirit of "David's trick." We also present a general coding scheme that allows us to show that BPFA is equiconsistent with R being lightface ${\mathrm{\Sigma }}_{4}^{1}$ , for many "consistently locally certified" relations R on $\mathrm{\mathbb{R}}$ . (...) This is accomplished through a use of David's trick and a coding through the ∑ 2 stable ordinals of L. (shrink)

Although sustainable and responsible investment (SRI) has quite recently become a hot research topic, scarcely any systematic research has been paid to the performance of this non-conventional approach to investment during the financial crisis that emerged in mid-2008 when the resilience of the financial markets was sorely tested. Such real-world resilience in practice is the subject of the current research which tests whether environmental, social and governance screens provides ethical investors with adaptive resilience in bull and bear market conditions (...) by focussing on the SRI equity index of one of the most active markets in Europe in terms of ethical investment, the FTSE4Good-Ibex in Spain. Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (M-GARCH) analysis indicates that ethical investors in the equity market examined with evidence that greater resilience in severe business cycle shocks could be attributable to SRI by companies. Although limited to a single country study, the results have implications for investors seeking resilience in crisis: when individual values and beliefs towards sustainability tie with personal investment strategy, the end result is adaptive financial resilience, social well-being and environmental defence. (shrink)

Semantic paradoxes pose a real threat to logics that attempt to be capable of expressing their own semantic concepts. Particularly, Curry paradoxes seem to show that many solutions must change our intuitive concepts of truth or validity or impose limits on certain inferences that are intuitively valid. In this way, the logic of a universal language would have serious problems. In this paper, we explore a different solution that tries to avoid both limitations as much as possible. Thus, we (...) argue that it is possible to capture the naive concepts of truth and validity without losing any of the valid inferences of classical logic. This approach is called the Buenos Aires plan. We present the logic of truth and validity, $$\mathsf {STTV}_{\omega }$$ based on the hierarchy of logics $$\textsf{ST}_{\omega }$$, whose validity predicate has the same semantic conditions as the material conditional. We argue that $$\mathsf {STTV}_{\omega }$$ is capable of blocking the problematic results while keeping the deductive power of classical logic as much as possible and offering an adequate semantic theory. On the other hand, one could object that it is not possible to reason with $$\mathsf {STTV}_{\omega }$$ because it is not closed under its logical principles. We respond to this objection and argue that the local characterization of validity shows how to make inferences using the logic $$\textsf{ST}_{\omega }$$. (shrink)

En este artículo se expondrá en primer lugar la crítica de Badiou sobre el sujeto humanista y su propio concepto de sujeto, un sujeto que está claramente inspirado en Lacan pero que va más allá de la subjetivación de la falta de este. Luego me dirigiré al colega de Badiou en el campo antihumanista, Slavoj Žižek, y su crítica lacaniana de Badiou. Se afirmará que es su interpretación diferente del Real lacaniano lo que explica la disputa subyacente entre ellos. (...) Mientras que el sujeto de Žižek es infundado, por otro lado, la concepción de Badiou de forzar lo Real confiere al sujeto un grado de consistencia que facilita la articulación de proyectos políticos específicos. (shrink)

El presente artículo examina la concepción del sujeto en el pensamiento de Jean Paul Sartre. Dicho examen se lleva a cabo, por motivos históricos y conceptuales, apelando directa e indirectamente a la filosofía de Heidegger, Husserl, et.al., siendo éste último el bastión, alterno a Sartre mismo, más importante para el desarrollo del presente texto. Así, dicho análisis del concepto de sujeto, y de sus implicaciones y conceptualizaciones fenomenológicas, se lleva a cabo a través del estudio de varias formas de conciencia: (...) la conciencia del objeto, referida a algo distinto de sí misma, y la conciencia de sí, que, al mismo tiempo, se dice de dos formas distintas, a saber: 1. Como conciencia refleja, no reflexiva; y 2. Como conciencia reflexiva. Gracias a esta distinción y análisis de conceptos como Yo, conciencia y sujeto, Sartre se convierte en un crítico de la filosofía moderna del sujeto y, como consecuencia de ello, con el pensamiento sartreano se llega a la convicción de que lo único real es la conciencia, no el mero Yo. Por tanto, el tratamiento husserliano de la conciencia –que Sartre compartirá-, entendida ésta como una constante actividad intencional, devendrá, necesariamente, en el primado del sujeto, pues el sentido de los fenómenos se origina, finalmente, en él. (shrink)

En este artículo se plantea el «estado de la cuestión» de la influencia de Simmel en Ortega y Gasset. En primer lugar, se establecen las «bases objetivas» para fundar una influencia real de Simmel sobre Ortega, no inspirada en un simple «aire de familia». A continuación se ofrecen algunos resultados estadísticos y algunas consideraciones sobre la muestra de trabajos tomada. Finalmente, se clasifica dicha muestra atendiendo a una serie de criterios que hacen las veces de categorías para el estudio (...) de la relación de influencia que se defiende en el artículo. (shrink)

Things are not to be found in the Critique. The things as appearances are only Vorstellungen. Confusion arrives because Kant calls these objects with the same names employed in the language of common sense for designating the things. Due to the absence of these things, nothing is said concerning the relation between things and empirical objects. Things in themselves, considered in the abstraction of sensible receptivity, are for this very abstraction, unknowable. Consequently, they cannot be considered as the origin of (...) appearances. I propose an explanation of the relation mentioned in. What is the use of the Critique of so strange a conception as the thing in itself instead of simply mentioning real things and their representations in the subject? Mind is not an adequate translation of the German gemüt. I think subject is better. (shrink)

Como qualquer outra sociedade humana, as comunidades virtuais enfrentam questões éticopolíticas. Discussões sobre os direitos humanos dos internautas, especialmente os relativos à liberdade humana, e sobre a legitimidade de modelos de regulamentação estão sempre presentes nos fóruns internacionais da Internet. A disputa contemporânea pela verdadeira concepção da liberdade ainda coloca na arena os herdeiros de Kant e de Hegel. Seguindo a via dialética, vemos como um dos principais desafios de nossa época desvelar o conceito de liberdade que emerge de uma (...) ontologia evolutiva. De acordo com o projeto de atualização da dialética ora exposto, a Internet é concebida como mais um subsistema que emerge na natureza sob as restrições impostas pelo espaço lógico evolutivo. Como processo auto-organizado que evolui no tempo, a Internet também possui traços relacionais e processuais, apresentando por igual um movimento em direção à coerência da própria rede. As sociedades on-line seguem a mesma lei da coerência que rege as sociedades reais e a liberdade on-line apresenta o mesmo caráter da liberdade real, a exploração do campo aberto dos modos possíveis da coerência. A liberdade pessoal na Internet guarda traços em comum com a liberdade pessoal que cada um tem, e deve ter, na sociedade real, mas como mostraremos depois, há também sutis diferenças entre ambas, com forte impacto na Teoria do Direito. (shrink)

En este artículo se examinarán las diferencias entre las ideas de imposibilidad tanto de Alain Badiou como las de Slavoj Žižek a partir de sus lecturas del poeta y crítico francés Stephane Mallarmé. La discusión se centrará en cómo Badiou y Žižek divergen en sus respectivas interpretaciones de la imposibilidad como sello distintivo de lo Real Lacaniano en la obra de Mallarmé. Esta diferencia se enmarca a la luz de la forma en que Badiou y Žižek recurren en consonancia (...) al poeta modernista Mallarmé para comprender las condiciones bajo las cuales el sujeto puede intentar acceder a esta idea imperativa. Aquí se mostrará que dos relaciones se vuelven aparentes: resta y purificación; sustracción como la eliminación de los contenidos imaginarios de la autorrelación del sujeto en un intento de acceder al futuro antérieur y purificación como el intento de depurar la idea pura al ubicar el núcleo opaco del objeto estético como el punto de fisura en la relación con el objeto. (shrink)

El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer una nueva versión del internismo relativo al estatuto de nuestras razones para actuar. El argumento tiene tres pasos: la ampliación de la psicología moral ortodoxa mediante el reconocimiento de la autoridad del amor en la agencia humana, la afi rmación de las relaciones interpersonales amorosas como analogado principal del amor y, por último, la consideración de una concepción no reductiva del amor y de la existencia de la real jerarquía de amores de (...) los agentes humanos. (shrink)

Diante da epígrafe do livro Parerga e Paralipomena, “consagrar a vida à verdade”, Nietzschese pergunta se não seria melhor inverter os termos, dizendo: “consagrar a verdade à vida”.Haveria nisso um elogio à ilusão, que poderia ser também traduzida na concepção quediz que a linha do horizonte é o mais profundo, ou simplesmente um reconhecimentoda impossibilidade de se chegar a uma essência das coisas, que tornaria desnecessária adivisão clássica entre essência e aparência, a qual, em termos kantianos, resolver-se-ia nadicotomia entre fenômeno (...) e coisa em si, e, em termos schopenhauerianos, nos pontosde vista da Vontade e da Representação? Mas, por outro lado, noves fora, não seria maisjusto entendermos o conceito de Vontade como um Real, para falarmos em termos lacanianos,do qual se toma um pouco de cada vez, apesar do inesgotável que representa? Ea Representação como algo que englobaria as categorias do Imaginário e do Simbólico,tal como vemos prefigurado no Freud de Além do Princípio do Prazer? (shrink)

El paso de la televisión lineal a las plataformas VOD ha favorecido la evolución de los personajes LGTBIQ+ en la ficción. Para conocer cómo se han representado los personajes queer a lo largo de esta transición se acude al análisis narrativo. Con el interés de conocer la percepción de la sociedad, el estudio realizó una encuesta. Los resultados revelan un aumento de los personajes LGTBIQ+ que no necesitan puntos de giro para realizarse. Se concluye que los personajes LGTBIQ+ responden a (...) una normalización real del colectivo en la ficción y que esta visibilidad contribuye a la aceptación de la ciudadanía. (shrink)

O presente artigo pretende destacar a tese de que a natureza para Feuerbach é um existente autônomo e independente e possui primazia ante o espírito. Para ele, a natureza material, que existe, em sua diferencialidade qualitativa, independente do pensar, é diante do espírito o original, o fundamento não deduzível, imediato, não criado, de toda existência real, que existe e consiste por si mesmo. Feuerbach opõe a natureza ao espírito, pois ele a entende não como um puro outro, que só (...) por meio do espírito foi posto como natureza, mas como o primeiro, a realidade objetiva, material, que existe fora do entendimento e é dada ao homem, por meio de seus sentidos, como fundamento e essência de sua vida. Trata-se, pois, primeiro daquela essência (luz, ar, água, fogo, plantas, animais etc.) sem a qual o homem não pode nem ser pensado nem existir. A natureza é, para Feuerbach, a pluralidade de todos os objetos e essências que realmente são. Sob esta condição, é possível conceber a natureza como a garantia da exterioridade mesma, como que um existente fora de nós, que nada sabe de si e é em si e por si mesmo; por conseguinte, ela não deve ser vista como aquilo que ela não é, isto é, nem como divina, nem como humana. A natureza sempre existiu, quer dizer, ela existe por si e tem seu sentido apenas em si mesma; ela é ela mesma, ou seja, nenhuma essência mística, pois, por trás dela, não se esconde nenhum absoluto, nada humano, nada divino, transcendental ou ideal. (shrink)

O presente artigo aborda as concessões feitas por Husserl no texto de Prolegômenos, na segunda edição de Investigações Lógicas. O artigo mostra que a concessão mais difícil estaria exatamente na manutenção da ideia de “verdade em si”. Por um lado, Husserl afirma que a “verdade em si” não poderia depender da constituição da natureza humana, pois tal dependência abalaria o próprio sentido da ideia de “verdade”. Por outro lado, não deixaria de reconhecer a insuficiência da ideia de “verdade em si”, (...) na medida em que tal ideia encobriria o importante problema da relação entre o real e o ideal. (shrink)

Si bien en las últimas décadas se ha hecho énfasis en las ciencias sociales como disciplinas interpretativas, no por hecho han dejado de realizarse ?y en algunos casos consolidarse? las investigaciones de corte cuantitativo, en este sentido consideramos de primera importancia recuperar la discusión..

This introduction to “Anthropological Philosophy: Symposium on an Unanticipated Conceptual Practice” comprises a brief history of attitudes among anthropologists toward the philosophical field of ontology, and attitudes among professional philosophers toward the kinds of alien and marginal thinking with which anthropology is concerned. After the narrative reaches what has been called the “ontological turn” in anthropology, which is generally assumed to represent the current moment in relations between the disciplines, the author discloses the recent emergence of an unexpected cultural practice: (...) a hybrid of anthropology and philosophy that takes metaphysics, as distinct from ontology, as both its object and its method. The distinction between metaphysics and ontology is crucial to this new “intellectual space” because, while ontology is an unconscious possession of any people, metaphysics is a demanding speculative discipline whose becoming an object of anthropology suggests that indigenous peoples consciously deal with questions about what is real and what is not in ways so impressive and sophisticated that they can be compared with the efforts of credentialed philosophers. In this emergent conceptual practice, moreover, the work of academic philosophers is open to elaboration and correction in response to the findings of tribal and Western marginal thinkers. Among the developers of anthropological philosophy are said to be the Brazilian anthropologist Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, the French philosopher Patrice Maniglier, and the other contributors to this symposium, whose articles the author goes on, in this context, to describe and assess. (shrink)

Os avanços da democracia no Brasil não têm resultado num processo amplo de discussão sobre a cidadania, seus significados e realização. Este fato pode ser verificado pelo número cada vez maior de discursos que resumem o exercício da cidadania a participação nas eleições. O presente artigo tem como intuito discutir de que maneira a construção de outros fóruns de discussão e de participação popular podem possibilitar redefinições da democracia e da cidadania, que busquem fomentar a participação efetiva e a construção (...) da esfera pública. Para tanto, analisa o papel que as escolas públicas da periferia paulista podem ter neste processo ao se tornarem lócus da construção da cidadania, com a implementação de um modelo de gestão democrática que, busque, através da construção coletiva do Projeto Político-Pedagógico, a real participação da comunidade e dos diferentes sujeitos que dela fazem parte. The progress of democracy in Brazil has not resulted in an extensive process of discussion of citizenship, its meaning and fulfillment. This fact can be verified by the increasing number of speeches which summarize the exercise of citizenship participation in elections. This article has the intention to discuss how the construction of other discussion forums and popular participation can enable redefinitions of democracy and citizenship, which seek to promote the effective participation and the construction of the public sphere. It analyzes the role that public schools on the outskirts of São Paulo in this process may have become the locus of citizenship building, with the implementation of a model of democratic management that seeks, through the collective construction of the Political-Pedagogical Project, the real community participation and the different subjects that are part of it. (shrink)

'Os limites do sentido' pensa a semântica como um gesto de incluir no objeto da lingüística o sujeito, o mundo, a história, numa re-discussão permanente do corte saussereano.

Regarding the linguistic turn in History of Ideas, there are logical topics to be considered in order to increase the accuracy of reconstruccions oriented to describe and explain conceptual formations of the past. This paper propose an overview of these topics and a methodological approach to deal with its difficulties.

RESUMEN En este trabajo intento determinar, a partir de textos escogidos de todas las épocas de la producción teórica de Carl Schmitt, de qué manera este autor entiende la comprensión jurídica y de qué manera este modo de comprensión tiene alcances generales para la comprensión práctica. En la medida en que el derecho tematiza las condiciones y los polos de la comprensión, la posición del jurista se distancia tanto de la inclinación hacia el polo ideal, que Schmitt identifica con la (...) racionalidad tecnológica, cuanto de la inclinación hacia el polo real, que Schmitt liga a ciertas formas del romanticismo y el pensamiento teológico. RESUMO Neste artigo, tento determinar, a partir de textos selecionados de todos os períodos da produção teórica de Carl Schmitt, como esse autor entende a compreensão jurídica e como esse modo de compreensão tem alcance geral para a compreensão prática. Na medida em que o direito estuda as condições e os polos de compreensão, a posição do jurista distancia-se da inclinação para o polo ideal, que Schmitt identifica com a racionalidade tecnológica, bem como da inclinação para o polo real, que Schmitt conecta com certas formas de romantismo e pensamento teológico. (shrink)

En alguna noche del siglo II de nuestra era, el emperador Marco Aurelio escribía lo que después se conocería como sus Meditaciones. En uno de estos fragmentos dice lo siguiente: “Si la capacidad intelectiva nos es común, también la razón, por la que somos racionales, nos es común. Si es así, también es común la razón que prescribe lo que debemos hacer o no. Si es así, también la ley es común. Si es así, somos ciudadanos. Si es así, participamos (...) de alguna clase de constitución política. Si es así, el mundo es como una ciudad. Porque ¿de qué otra constitución común se diría que participa todo el género humano? Y de allí, de esa ciudad común, nos viene también la capacidad intelectiva, la racional y la legal. ¿O de dónde?”. (shrink)

The traditional conception of self-deception takes it for an intrapersonal form of interpersonal deception. However, since the same subject is at the same time deceiver and deceived, this means attributing the agent a pair of contradictory beliefs. In the course of defending a deflationary conception of self-deception, Mele [1997] has challenged traditionalists to present convincing evidence that there are cases of self-deception in which what he calls the dual belief-requirement is satisfied. Levy [2009] has responded to this challenge affirming that (...) there is at least one real cases of self-deception that meets this requirement, namely, that of anosognosia. In this family of conditions, the patient apparently believes that there is nothing wrong with her while, at the same time, providing behavioral cues that indicate that the patient is somehow aware of his disease. If Levy is right, then traditionalism about self-deception could be vindicated, after having been widely abandoned due to its need to postulate exotic mental processes in order to make sense of the attribution of contradictory beliefs. In this paper, I assess whether Levy’s response to Mele’s challenge is successful by analyzing his interpretation of the empirical evidence to which he appeals. Finally, I attack the cogency of the underlying commitments about the nature of folk psychology to which one is required to defer in order to draw from conflicting evidence the attribution of contradictory beliefs. (shrink)

The problem of nonideal theory has been widely discussed in political philosophy in recent times. The problem has received much less attention, however, at the level of individual morality. Since the real world is a nonideal one, the problem is extremely relevant, if moral theory is to guide our action as moral agents. My purpose in this paper is mainly conceptual. I first clarify the distinction between different kinds of nonideal situation (natural accidents or limitations and partial compliance with (...) morality) and how different moral theories face those different kinds of imperfections. Secondly, I try to show that the distinction between the two main sources of imperfection is less straightforward and more complex than might be expected. Finally, I suggest that the role of partial compliance in nonideal moral theory is much more modest and difficult to defend than we might at first think. (shrink)

Of all the different types of public buildings, hospitals are the biggest energy consumers. Cooling systems for air conditioning and healthcare uses are particularly energy intensive. Forecasting hospital thermal-cooling demand is a remarkable and innovative method capable of improving the overall energy efficiency of an entire cooling system. Predictive models allow users to forecast the activity of water-cooled generators and adapt power generation to the real demand expected for the day ahead, while avoiding inefficient subcooling. In addition, the maintenance (...) costs related to unnecessary starts and stops and power-generator breakdowns occurring over the long term can be reduced. This study is based on the operations of a real hospital facility and details the steps taken to develop an optimal and efficient model based on a genetic methodology that searches for low-complexity models through feature selection, parameter tuning and parsimonious model selection. The methodology, called GAparsimony, has been tested with neural networks, support vector machines and gradient boosting techniques. Finally, a weighted combination of the three best models was created. The new operational method employed herein can be replicated in similar buildings with similar water-cooled generators. (shrink)

RESUMEN Introducción: El proceso de cuidar es el resultado de una construcción propia de cada situación, se origina con la identificación de los problemas de salud y las necesidades reales o potenciales de las personas, familia y comunidad que demandan cuidado. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto del Diplomado Prevención del Síndrome de Burnout, en el autocuidado del personal de enfermería de la Atención Secundaria de Salud de la provincia Camagüey. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo observacional, en el Hospital Amalia Simoni (...) Argilagos de Camagüey, durante el Diplomado Prevención del Síndrome de Burnout dirigido al personal de enfermería de la Atención Secundaria de Salud. Para ello se aplicó una encuesta y el Test Psicológico de Maslach y Jackson al inicio y al final de la aplicación del Diplomado. Los datos aportados por estos instrumentos se complementaron con los provenientes de la aplicación de la técnica del PNI. Resultados: Predominó el sexo femenino. El total de los cursistas son licenciados en Enfermería. Con la ejecución del diplomado se constatan cambios importantes en cuanto a la autopreparación, el rendimiento, los hábitos de descanso, satisfacción personal y realización de ejercicios físicos. Discusión: La aplicación del diplomado logró transformar estilos de trabajo, afrontamientos al estrés, así como una mejor satisfacción personal y colectiva. ABSTRACT Introduction: The process of taking care is the result of a proper construction of every situation, it originates with the identification of the problems of health and the real or potential needs of the persons, family and community that demand care. Objective: To evaluate the impact of Postgraduate Course Prevention of the Syndrome of Burnout, in the self-care of the personnel of infirmary of the Secondary Attention of Health of the Camagüey province. Methods: a descriptive, observational study was carried out in the Hospital Amalia Simoni Argilagos of Camagüey, during Postgraduate Course Prevention of the Syndrome of Burnout directed to the personnel of infirmary of the Secondary Attention of Health. For that reason, a survey and the Psychological Test of Maslach and Jackson was applied at the beginning and at the end of the application of the course. The information contributed by these instruments complemented itself with the originated ones from the application of the technique of the PNI. Results: The sex that predominated was the feminine one. All of the students are licensed in Infirmary. With the execution of the course important changes are stated as for the self-preparation, the yield, the habits of rest, personal satisfaction and achievement of physical exercises. Discussion: The application of the course managed to transform styles of work, confrontations to the stress, as well as a better personal and collective satisfaction. (shrink)

Como um preâmbulo à leitura de O poder psiquiátrico, o artigo discute como a questão da antipsiquiatria deve ser a chave de leitura do curso dado por Foucault entre 1973-1974 no Collège de France. A antipsiquiatria está associada ao paradoxo que constituiu o saber psiquiátrico segundo o qual, ao procurar determinar a doença mental, o poder psiquiátrico eliminou o sofrimento real do indivíduo adoecido. O poder psiquiátrico teria como sua tese mais básica a proposta de que sobre o campo (...) psiquiátrico é necessário fazer a genealogia desta forma de a-historicidade. Para tanto recorremos a textos, de certo modo, externos ao curso nos quais o tema se apresenta mais especificamente desenvolvido: a conferência História da loucura e antipsiquiatria e o resumo do curso. (shrink)

Bajo el formato de conversatorio, este trabajo se propone reflexionar en torno al estado de la cuestión que estudia la migración senegalesa en Argentina. Mediante el diálogo, sus autores pretenden ahondar en las particularidades de sus respectivos casos de estudio a la luz de las discusiones generales que organizan el debate académico sobre esta corriente migratoria contemporánea. El artículo profundiza en los aspectos teórico-metodológicos desarrollados por las investigaciones principales en el país. Al mismo tiempo, es ilustrado por la problematización de (...) ejemplos de corte empírico observados en sus respectivos trabajos de campo.Su aporte principal es plantear, en primer lugar, cuáles son los debates saldados y emergentes desarrollados por las investigaciones. En segundo lugar, avanzar en una contrastación de fenómenos de estudio, contextual y societalmente situados en distintas ciudades del territorio nacional. (shrink)

1. Hume e a Magna Carta: em torno do círculo da justiça, Maria Isabel Limongi; 2. Hume e o problema da justificação da resistência ao governo, Stephanie Hamdan Zahreddine; 3 O surgimento dos costumes da sociedade comercial e as paixões do trabalho, Pedro Vianna da Costa e Faria; 4. O sentido da crença: suas funções epistêmicas e implicações para a teoria política de Hume, Lilian Piraine Laranja; 5. O Status do Fideísmo na Crítica de Hume à Religião Natural, Marília Côrtes (...) de Ferraz; 6. Da imaterialidade da alma: a desconstrução mais incisiva de Hume de um pressuposto metafísico, Marcos César Seneda; 7. A “irresistibilidade” e a “inevitabilidade” das crenças naturais e o caráter normativo da epistemologia de Hume, Claudiney José de Sousa; 8. Filosofia e vida comum na epistemologia de Hume, Marcos Fonseca Ribeiro Balieiro; 9. Hume e o relativismo moral, Flávio Zimmermann; 10. Hume e a vivacidade das crenças morais, André Luiz Olivier da Silva; 11. Virtudes sociais e refinamento na filosofia moral de David Hume, Andreh Sabino Ribeiro; 12. O movimento razão-crença na interpretação da teoria da motivação de Hume, Franco Nero Antunes Soares; 13. Sentimentos e Normatividade em David Hume segundo Annette Baier, Giovani Lunardi; 14. Simpatia e aprovação moral da justiça na filosofia de David Hume, Denize Carolina da Cunha & Nivaldo Machado; 15. Do eu como feixe de percepções ao eu das paixões: Hume e a identidade pessoal no Tratado, Susie Kovalczyk dos Santos; 16. Imaginação em Hobbes e Hume: cadeias mentais reguladas e princípios de associação, Andrea Cachel; 17. Hume e o princípio fundamental da filosofia moderna, Rafael Bittencourt Santos; 18. A conexão necessária entre Hume e Malebranche, Bruna Frascolla; 19. Realismo ontológico e antirrealismo epistemológico na problemática sobre o mundo externo em Hume, Leandro Hollanda; 20. Uma possível inversão kantiana da tese humeana da inércia da razão, Carlos Eduardo Moreno Pires; Nota sobre João Paulo Monteiro, Rolf Nelson Kuntz. (shrink)

In this article, a mixed integer linear program model is proposed for the production, lot sizing, and scheduling of automotive plastic components to minimize the setup, inventory, stockout, and backorder costs, by taking into account injection molds as the main index to schedule on parallel flexible injection machines. The proposed MILP considers the minimum and maximum inventory capacities and penalizes stockout. A relevant characteristic of the modeled problem is the dependence between mold setups to produce plastic components. The lot sizing (...) and scheduling problem solution results in the assignment of molds to machines during a specific time period and in the calculation of the number of components to be produced, which is often called lot size, following a sequence-dependent setup time. Depending on the machine on which the mold is setup, the number of units to be produced will be distinct because machines differ from one another. The stock coverage, defined in demand days, is also included in the MILP to avoid backorders, which is highly penalized in the automotive supply chain. Added to this, the proposed model is extended by considering setup common operators to respond to and fulfill the constraints that appear in automotive plastic enterprises. In this regard, the MILP presented solves a lot-sizing and scheduling problem, emerged in a second-tier supplier of a real automotive supply chain. Finally, this article validates the MILP by performing experiments with different sized instances, including small, medium, and large. The large-sized dataset is characterized by replicating the amount of data used in the real enterprise, which is the object of this study. The goodness of the model is evaluated with the computational time and the deviation of the obtained results as regards to the optimal solution. (shrink)

This work presents a novel approach to forecast streaming big time series based on nearest similar patterns. This approach combines a clustering algorithm with a classifier and the nearest neighbours algorithm. It presents two separate stages: offline and online. The offline phase is for training and finding the best models for clustering, classification and the nearest neighbours algorithm. The online phase is to predict big time series in real time. In the offline phase, data are divided into clusters and (...) a forecasting model based on the nearest neighbours is trained for each cluster. In addition, a classifier is trained using the cluster assignments previously generated by the clustering algorithm. In the online phase, the classifier predicts the cluster label of an instance, and the proper nearest neighbours model according to the predicted cluster label is applied to obtain the final prediction using the similar patterns. The algorithm is able to be updated incrementally for online learning from data streams. Results are reported using electricity consumption with a granularity of |$10$| minutes for 4-hour-ahead forecasting and compared with well-known online benchmark learners, showing a remarkable improvement in prediction accuracy. (shrink)

Resumen. El drenaje pluvial en Reynosa presenta deficiencias con relación a factores que eviteninundaciones en el sector residencial, estos son la impermeabilidad de los materiales utilizados como elconcreto en las casas, asfalto y concreto en las calles, la redensificación habitacional generando un aumentoconsiderable en el volumen escurrido a las zonas de evacuación, factores reales de diseño en el drenaje pluvialde los valores de impermeabilidad entre otros.Palabras Claves. Medidas de seguridad, emergencia, inundación, polución, drenaje.. Drainage in Reynosa present deficiencies with relation (...) to factors that could avoid flooding in theresidential sector, these problems are related to the impermeability of the material been used like concrete enthe houses, asphalt and concrete in the streets, the housing re-densification had generated an increment in theflood’s volumes to the evacuation zones, real imperviousness drainage design factors among others.Keywords. Security measures, emergency, flood, pollution, drainage. (shrink)

In the absence of Woodin cardinals, fine structural inner models for mild large cardinal hypotheses admit forcing extensions where bounded forcing axioms hold and yet the reals are projectively well-ordered.

Los autores se preguntan por el aporte real de los biocombustibles a la solución de los problemas ambientales. Después de analizar las actuales formas de producción en Brasil, sostienen que la expansión de éstos presionará indirectamente hacia la deforestación, contribuyendo así aún más al calentamiento global. Señalan lo falaz del discurso que justifica la expansión de los biocombustibles por su aporte a la generación de empleo. Sostienen que es fundamental incorporar los requerimentos de sostenibilidad en la cadena de producción (...) para garantizar competitividad a los países potencialmente exportadores, pero que aún así esa solución es limitada ya que todas las energías alternativas y renovables juntas, no suplirían las proyecciones del patrón de consumo mundial. (shrink)