Ce recueil a pour but de montrer que Heidegger n'est pas seulement, et peut-etre pas d'abord, ce penseur solitaire de Foret-Noire pretant l'oreille a la voix de l'Etre, comme on s'est souvent plu a le presenter, et comme il a sans doute lui-meme contribue a le faire accroire: c'est un penseur extraordinairement attentif aux developpements philosophiques de son temps, dont la pensee s'est elaboree en grande partie en dialogue non seulement avec les Grecs, la pensee chretienne, l'existentialisme de Kierkegaard ou (...) encore la phenomenologie husserlienne, mais egalement avec ses predecesseurs immediats (Dilthey, Brentano, Bergson, Braig, York von Wartenburg), les ecoles neokantiennes de Bade (Rickert, Lask) et de Marbourg (Cohen, Natorp, Cassirer), ainsi qu'avec certains contemporains, tels Jaspers ou Scheler. Des ses debuts, sa pensee s'avere ouverte aussi bien aux avancees de la logique mathematique (Frege et Russell) que, plus tard, aux developpements de l'anthropologie et de la biologie de son epoque (von Uexkull). Cette mise en perspective, qui nous parait plus que jamais necessaire, permet ainsi de mettre en lumiere des aspects negliges de l'oeuvre, de mieux comprendre les sources et, peut-etre, certaines limites de celui qui demeure, malgre l'ombre qui pese sa pensee, l'un des plus grands philosophes du XXe siecle. (shrink)

Young men are more distressed by a partner’s sexual infidelity, whereas young women are more distressed by a partner’s emotional infidelity. The present research investigated (a) whether the sex difference in jealousy replicates in an older sample, and (b) whether younger people differ from older people in their selection of the more distressing infidelity scenario. We presented forced-choice dilemmas to 202 older people (mean age = 67 years) and to 234 younger people (mean age = 20 years). The sex difference (...) replicated in the older sample. In addition, older women were less likely than younger women to select a partner’s emotional infidelity as more distressing than a partner’s sexual infidelity. Discussion offers directions for future work on sex differences and age differences in jealousy. (shrink)

In this paper, we consider a notion of nonmeasurablity with respect to Marczewski and Marczewski-like tree ideals $s_0$, $m_0$, $l_0$, $cl_0$, $h_0,$ and $ch_0$. We show that there exists a subset of the Baire space $\omega ^\omega,$ which is s-, l-, and m-nonmeasurable that forms a dominating m.e.d. family. We investigate a notion of ${\mathbb {T}}$ -Bernstein sets—sets which intersect but do not contain any body of any tree from a given family of trees ${\mathbb {T}}$. We also obtain a (...) result on ${\mathcal {I}}$ -Luzin sets, namely, we prove that if ${\mathfrak {c}}$ is a regular cardinal, then the algebraic sum of a generalized Luzin set and a generalized Sierpiński set belongs to $s_0, m_0$, $l_0,$ and $cl_0$. (shrink)

We show that that every countable model of PA has a conservative extension M with a subset Y such that a certain Σ1(Y)-formula defines in M a subset which is not r. e. relative to Y.

This study described the relationships between academic class and student moral sensitivity and reasoning and between curriculum design components for ethics education and student moral sensitivity and reasoning. The data were collected from freshman (n = 506) and senior students (n = 440) in eight baccalaureate nursing programs in South Korea by survey; the survey consisted of the Korean Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire and the Korean Defining Issues Test. The results showed that moral sensitivity scores in patient-oriented care and conflict were (...) higher in senior students than in freshman students. Furthermore, more hours of ethics content were associated with higher principled thinking scores of senior students. Nursing education in South Korea may have an impact on developing student moral sensitivity. Planned ethics content in nursing curricula is necessary to improve moral sensitivity and moral reasoning of students. (shrink)

This paper is an update of the documents we have concerning the Acts of the Christian martyrs, focused on three main aspects: 1) the kind of acts we know of and their classification from the point of view of their historic value; 2) the versions or editions of the texts that are most accepted by scholars; 3) the relevance of the different parts that make up these documents in order to discern the original text from passages that were rewritten or (...) underwent later variations. In this way, the article offers an exhaustive list of the documents for use in researching Christian martyrs in the Roman period. (shrink)

Niniejszy esej stanowi piąty rozdział tomu The Realm of Spirit kończącego cykl The Realms of Being. Podstawą przekładu jest pierwsze wydanie dzieła: George Santayana, The Realms of Being (London: Constable and Co., Ltd., Toronto: The Macmillan Company, 1940), 67–89. -/- This essay is the fifth chapter of The Realm of Spirit volume concluding The Realms of Being series. The translation is based on the first edition of the work: George Santayana, The Realms of Being (London: Constable and Co., Ltd., Toronto: (...) The Macmillan Company, 1940), 67-89. (shrink)

In recent literature, panpsychism has been defended by appeal to two main arguments: first, an argument from philosophy of mind, according to which panpsychism is the only view which successfully integrates consciousness into the physical world (Strawson 2006; Chalmers 2013); second, an argument from categorical properties, according to which panpsychism offers the only positive account of the categorical or intrinsic nature of physical reality (Seager 2006; Adams 2007; Alter and Nagasawa 2012). Historically, however, panpsychism has also been defended by appeal (...) to a third argument based on considerations about the nature and observability of causation. This argument has not been much discussed in recent times. Here is a concise version from William James: "… the concrete perceptual flux, taken just as it comes, offers in our own activity-situations perfectly comprehensible instances of causal agency … If we took these experiences as the type of what actual causation is, we should have to ascribe to cases of causation outside of our life, to physical cases also, an inwardly experiential nature. In other words, we should have to espouse a so-called “pan-psychic” philosophy" (James 1911: 218). James here suggests that we have direct experience of causation in our own agency. He thereby directly contradicts David Hume, who famously denied that we have any experience of causation. James goes on to claim that if this experience is representative of causation in general, it follows that all causation is mental, and that panpsychism is true. This kind of argument for panpsychism can be called the argument from (experience of) causation. This chapter offers, first, a history of this argument and arguments closely related to it, and second, an analysis of the argument – is it valid, are its premises in any way defensible, and how does it relate to the other, more popular arguments for panpsychism from philosophy of mind and categorical properties? (shrink)

Mit der Vorstellung vom Stil als Eigentum verbindet sich die Hoffnung, Exklusivitätsrechte auf ererbte, erlernte, gekaufte, geborgte, geschenkte oder auch gestohlene Epochen-, National- oder Individualstile geltend machen zu können. Da sich der stets unscharfe und relationale Stilbegriff gleichwohl nur bedingt juristisch einhegen lässt, ist das Recht auf den Stil vor allem in historiografischen, ethischen oder ideologischen Diskursen ausgefochten worden. Ihnen widmet sich der vorliegende Band.

Ibn al-ʻArabī, 1165-1240; views on freedom; Sufism; Islamic philosophy.

Obecna dominacja hedonizmu, a ściślej eudajmonistycznego ideału „udanego życia” jako samorealizacji opierającej się na potęgowaniu jednostkowego szczęścia stanowi symptom procesów modernizacyjnych, które dogłębnie zmieniły naszą społeczną i kulturową rzeczywistość. Poziom względnego dobrobytu osiągnięty w najbardziej rozwiniętych częściach świata sprzyja upowszechnianiu się wiary w nieomal bezgraniczną wolność jednostki, która coraz częściej i intensywniej poddaje krytycznej refleksji panujące dotąd systemy aksjologiczne. Świat wartości etycznych pluralizuje się, rozprasza i traci na naszych oczach swoje stabilne fundamenty. Pomimo licznych symptomów kryzysowych wciąż jednak utrzymuje się (...) powszechny stan względnego samozadowolenia, który syci się przekonaniem o „etycznej wyższości” kultury Zachodu. Wprawdzie przyznajemy, że świat liberalnej demokracji, w jakim żyjemy, stopniowo traci swój „moralny kręgosłup", ale nadal żywimy przekonanie, że nie ma dla niego żadnej lepszej realnej alternatywy. Opisywany przez prezentowanych w niniejszej monografii autorów proces estetyzacji życia codziennego, historii i polityki bynajmniej nie poprawia tej sytuacji, lecz wydaje się jedynie pogłębiać nasze etyczne rozchwianie. (shrink)

Greek text, english translation and commentary on the surviving fragments of Empedocles (fragments as known in 1981, does not include more recent finds).

Contrary to Vaesen's argument that humans are unique with respect to nine cognitive capacities essential for tool use, we suggest that although such cognitive processes contribute to variation in tool use, it does not follow that these capacities arenecessaryfor tool use, nor that tool use shaped cognition per se, given the available data in cognitive neuroscience and behavioral biology.

Several theoretical perspectives have generated research on grandparental investment, notably socialization and evolutionary psychological perspectives. Using data collected from more than 200 older adults (mean age 67 years), we test three hypotheses derived from socialization and evolutionary perspectives about grandparents’ relationships with and investment in grandchildren. Results indicate that (1) emotional closeness with both children and children-in-law is positively related to reports of emotional closeness with grandchildren; (2) maternal grandmothers invest more in grandchildren than do other grandparents; and (3) grandparents (...) invest more in daughters’ children than in sons’ children. Discussion addresses limitations of self-report methodology in this context and situates the current findings within the body of research indicating the existence of psychological mechanisms designed to guide differential nepotism. (shrink)

There are obvious benefits to be gained from the study of logic: heightened ability to express ideas clearly and concisely, increased skill in defining one's terms, enlarged capacity to formulate arguments rigorously and to analyze them critically. But the greatest benefit, in my judgment, is the recognition that reason can be applied in every aspect of human affairs.

What are conspiracy theories? And what, if anything, is epistemically wrong with them? I offer an account on which conspiracy theories are a unique way of holding a belief in a conspiracy. Specifically, I take conspiracy theories to be self-insulating beliefs in conspiracies. On this view, conspiracy theorists have their conspiratorial beliefs in a way that is immune to revision by counter-evidence. I argue that conspiracy theories are always irrational. Although conspiracy theories involve an expectation to encounter some seemingly disconfirming (...) evidence (allegedly planted by the conspirators), resistance to all counter- evidence cannot be justified on these grounds. (shrink)

This paper is devoted to the study of some subvarieties of the variety Qof Q-Heyting algebras, that is, Heyting algebras with a quantifier. In particular, a deeper investigation is carried out in the variety Q 3 of three-valued Q-Heyting algebras to show that the structure of the lattice of subvarieties of Qis far more complicated that the lattice of subvarieties of Heyting algebras. We determine the simple and subdirectly irreducible algebras in Q 3 and we construct the lattice of subvarieties (...) (Q 3 ) of the variety Q 3. (shrink)