The author overviewed the substantive content of the category of "globalization". The influence of globalization processes on the development of agribusiness of Ukraine is considered. The likely benefits and risks of growth of the country's participation in the global economic processes are determined. The level of preparedness of the state under globalization is studied. Global trends of the development of agriculture and providing people with food are overviewed. The current state of the development of agribusiness is analyzed, the problems are (...) found and their solutions are proposed. The necessity of the state support for the studied sector of economics is proved. The future of Ukrainian agriculture in the context of globalization depends on its adaptive capacity. In our opinion, three groups of conditions affect the competitiveness of domestic agriculture in the world. They are: macroeconomic conditions that are determined by rationality and dynamism of the domestic economy; prerequisites for investment, especially in the development of an appropriate climate in the country and at the level of each entity; agricultural development in accordance with accepted social standards. Achieving the competitive level in the global food market requires considerable and sustained financial investment in almost all sectors, especially in scientific research and agricultural education. The increasing level of globalization in the international trade, including food, significantly affects the nature of the problem of food self-sufficiency. (shrink)

Essence of innovative development of sphere of production of foodstuffs in the context of decision of problems of food safety is considered in the article. Home and foreign approaches are analyzed in relation to a structure and ways of optimization of food safety of population. One of the most effective ways of decision of modern contradictions of food safety of population and innovative development of sphere of production of foodstuffs is the concept of "stable development", which consists in appropriate combination (...) of three components, - hygiene of environment, social and physical health of human and also economic viability. Importance of market self-regulation as an economic mechanism of providing of food safety of population is reasoned. It is marked that effective government control in the field of production of foodstuffs requires system approach, first of all, to the design of development of the system of food security of the state. Modern transformations in the field of production of foodstuffs in two aspects (structural and territorial) and on four basic levels - macroeconomic, branch, regional and local are analyzed. Role of innovative development of sphere of production of foodstuffs in providing of food safety in modern terms is marked. Taking into account the basic tendencies of interpretation of category of food safety in modern world science, and also actual directions of innovative development of sphere of production of foodstuffs in the developed countries of the world, transformation of conception of providing of food safety in direction from the state to the human, and thus, increase of its human centricity are marked. In home realities the described tendency must be represented in positions of conception of intensification of innovative development of sphere of production of foodstuffs, the substantive provisions of which are offered by authors. (shrink)

This article takes two events in the ongoing story of a predicted UK avian flu epidemic—“the dead parrot” (October 2005) and “the dying swan” (April 2006)—and examines the role and use of three interconnected metaphor scenarios (related to the notions of “journey,” “war,” and “house”) in the UK press coverage about avian influenza in 2005 and 2006. These represent fundamental descriptive and explanatory structures that derive from culturally or phenomenologically salient objects or experiences, and which allow journalists, scientists, and policymakers (...) to reduce the complexity of the threat posed by a disease and to promote risk-management strategies for the disease that appear to make instinctive or intuitive sense to experts and the public. Although similar metaphor scenarios may be used over time, the kinds of reporting they are associated with and the policy scenarios that result from these framings differ depending on the perceived proximity of the disease threat. (shrink)

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the phenomenon of environmental classics. It is shown that humanities play a growing role in formation of ecological consciousness of the population, supplementing natural sciences knowledge on the way of raising public environmental awareness and development of integrated system of environmental education. It is manifested in the forms, first, of more active appeal of those who are responsible for environmental education to humanities; second, of direct concern to artists and writers by environmental (...) problems and aspiration to contribute in their solving by available means. The phenomenon of formation of environmental classics is considered with the reference to the book "Silent Spring". It is shown its public and educational significance. Ecological literature and ecological classics attract more and more attention of researchers as a material for expanding the theoretical basis of environmental protection, sustainable development, eco-education and education for sustainable development, and for solving practical tasks in the areas of nature conservation, saving attitude to natural resources And eco-education. The canoners of literature on nature, or environmental literature, are advocates of the rights of nature and human rights to a clean and safe environment, academic and educational communities, who use the criteria of the social significance of the text, its influence on the worldview and the attitude of the reader, but not totalitarian authority or leader. Rachel Carson, an example of the analysis of the "Silent Spring" phenomenon, has proved that the ecological classics are determined by the important meanings that it carries to the reader. (shrink)

У статті аналізується метафора "банківська" модель освіти Пауло Фрейре, яка демонструє недоліки панівної репресивної, оповідної, нетворчої освітньої системи й нетворче, некритичне, механічне засвоєння знань і якій протистоїть концепція визвольної освіти та формування критичної свідомості. Фундаментальна відмінність визвольної проблемно-орієнтованої освіти полягає в тому, що вона ґрунтується на діяльності, а не на механічному передаванні інформації, а об'єкт пізнання виконує функцію посередника між учителем та учнем. Зусилля обох спрямовані на дослідження об'єкта пізнання, що передбачає взаємодію, а отже, й діалог обох сторін. Для концепції (...) екологічної освіти важливою є теза про те, що проблемно орієнтований метод завжди є "пізнавальним" і спрямованим на формування критичного мислення для розуміння ситуації та вміння орієнтуватися й діяти в ній, а тому має безпосереднє значення для збереження природи, життя й здоров'я людей. (shrink)

Competence refers to the basic concepts of modern educational theory and practice of acquiring special importance in environmental education. Environmental education specificity is the accumulation of environmental science and pedagogy achievements that may become the basis of ecological competence formation as an integrated characteristics of an individual. Environmental competence refers to the general competence, but also includes a number of specific competencies aimed at solving specific and sometimes unusual tasks. Critical intellection is an essential characteristic of environmental competence, and the (...) formation of critical intellection combined with creativity is the basis of competence approach in education. Philosophy of Education by Paulo Freire is of a basis weight for understanding the essence of critical intellection in pedagogical theory and practice. "Banking "funded" model of education" concept by Paulo Freire demonstrates the disadvantages of prevailing oppressive, narrative, uncreative educational system and uncreative mechanical learning, which is opposed to the concept of modern education and critical understanding formation through the dialogue. The fundamental feature of the modern problematic oriented education has the following aspects: 1) it is based on the activities, but it is not based on the information transfer and assimilation; 2) the object of knowledge is a link between teacher and student. The teacher and student efforts are focused on the object of knowlege research that involves the dialogue in the educational process. There is an important thesis about better explaining and implement of ecological education and it points that problematic oriented method is charecterised by cognitive approach and critical intellection. It is also important for understanding and orientation in a particular situation, environmental protection and people's health and life saving. Information literacy as a complex of skills related to education and critical intellection is an important part of the ecological competence formation. From the time of national pedagogy, philosophical - educational ideas by the Brazilian educator P. Freire were widely developed and contributed the formation of new educational vision as a social partnership to overcome the disadvantages of the command, repressive, totalitarian, uncritical educational system. Instead of these there were critical educational concepts based on humanism, creation and various human experience. The concept of the modern problematic oriented education was aimed at the critical intellection formation and environmental competence. It covers not only the standard school educational system and it also involves educational sphere and public informing. (shrink)

In the years since World War II, the social critic has become a rather popular figure in the West. The demand for critical theories of society is readily explainable where the contradictions of social development take the form of sharp paradoxes recognized by the broad public. It may be assumed that interest in critical concepts of society will increase. People who recognize themselves as cogs without rights in the system of bureaucratic organization of state-supported monopoly capitalism, who react acutely to (...) the threat of social catastrophes , endow such concepts with the halo of humanism if only because they often find in them their own moods, given shape and seemingly elevated to the level of general social protest. These feelings represent a concrete dissatisfaction with the present situation, and the sense that the society in which they live is in crisis. (shrink)

Two years ago, a professor at the University of California, Herbert Marcuse, an American social philosopher with traditional German training, came to be regarded as the recognized theoretician of the "New Left" movement. Marcuse's popularity compelled many writers, including ourselves , to make a careful examination specifically of the theoretical content of that teaching, which laid claim to performing the role of a critical and revolutionary theory of society. The development of a critique of the philosophical and theoretical foundations and (...) the internal contradictions of Marcuse's teachings was thus dictated by a real situation, by the actual struggle of ideas, and has perhaps still not lost its significance. Another problem, which aroused the interest of researchers even then but which had not found an answer in our article because of its specific purpose, had to do with the relationship between Marcuse's philosophical concept and the spontaneous consciousness of the "mass" participants in the real protest movement that came to be known as the "New Left" movement. (shrink)

Dissatisfied with purely negative clichés about the development of Russian philosophy in the Soviet period, the author advocates for a scrupulous and objective reevaluation of the textual materials and the historical circumstances of that time, considering this work an important task for historians of philosophy. Despite strong ideological pressure and control that Soviet officials put on philosophy in general, in many cases the history of philosophy provided a kind of niche in which creativity and freedom were still allowed. For this (...) reason, even in the Soviet period the research output in the history of philosophy was very significant and the quality of the work very high. Many outstanding and well-known Soviet philosophers were historians of philosophy. (shrink)

This article analyzes philosophical discussions on the problem of barbarity as the reverse side of civilization in general, and of the modern civilization in particular (as exemplified by the works of K. Offe, L. Klausen, K.-Z. Reberg, M. Miller, H.-G. Soeffner, S.N. Eisenstadt and Z. Bauman. Joining in these discussions, the author makes a critical appraisal of these works and presents (in brief) her own conception of civilization which she has been elaborating for the last 25 years. Particular attention is (...) drawn to the studies of barbarity implanted in the development of the modern civilization and revealed in the various forms of present-day barbarism (ecological, political, militaristic violence, utter dereliction in daily life, etc.), especially evident in ‘outbursts’ of violence, suppressing and violating legal rules and moral principles (fascism, totalitarianism, international aggression). (shrink)

This article analyzes a number of personal and philosophical aspects of the debate over Heidegger’s Black Notebooks and his anti-Semitism. The first part of the article focuses on the personal feat...

In his book A History of the Culture of the Modern Period, the eminent scholar Egon Friedell wrote concerning Descartes's influence in seven-teenth-century France that all the efforts of the great philosopher's critics notwithstanding, "his school inexorably extended its influence not only through the ‘occasionalists,’ as his closest disciples and followers in philosophy were called, and through the remarkable logic of the Port-Royal school The Art of Thinking and Boileau's tone-setting work The Poetic Art: rather, all of France, headed by (...) the "Sun King," who at one time had banned Descartes's works, became his school. The state, economy, theater, architecture, religious affairs, strategy, and the art of gardening all became Cartesian. Descartes reigned unrestricted, as a sovereign, in all things: in tragedy, where the passions struggled with one another; in comedy, where algebraic formulas were devised for human characters; in the area around Versailles, dominated by the abstract symmetry of gardens; in the analytic methods for waging war and running the economy; and in the so to speak deductive ritual of hairstyles and manners, dances and genteel conversation. One can even say that to this day every Frenchman is a born Cartesian.". (shrink)

An objective, honest, impartial history of our country's philosophy in the Soviet period—in a word, a history meeting the requirements of the times—is yet to be written. But it is much needed. Its creation is one of the most important, but perhaps also one of the most difficult of our tasks. There are still many superimposed layers that must be peeled away: for example, the bitter truth must be told about those who inscribed in this history—of course honorifically—their own names (...) and those of dogmatists who shared their ideas. But fortunately, it is not only naked emperors and their stooges, not only their subjects with their mutilated destinies, who will figure in a historical narration oriented toward the truth and facts. This grim context makes even brighter the noble role played by those figures—personalities in the highest sense of the word—whose names, works, and very lives were simply "expunged" from history. And by those who remained alive and in philosophy in the direst times, those who despite all the persecution, all the tribulations they endured, abandoned neither their honor nor philosophical truth. The unofficial authority of talented, creatively thinking scholars has always been extremely high. One of those highly authoritative philosophers of our country, one who today has an international name, was Valentin Ferdinandovich Asmus. (shrink)

L'article analyse les discussions dans la philosophie occidentale autour du problème de la barbarie conçue face cachée de la civilisation et en particulier comme face cachée de la civilisation contemporaine, à partir des travaux de C. Offe, L. Klausen, K.-S. Rehberg, M. Miller, H.-G. Soeffner, S. Eisenstadt et Z. Bauman. S'attachant à ces travaux et les soumettant à un examen critique, l'auteur de l'article présente (brièvement) sa conception de la civilisation, qu'elle a élaborée au cours des 25 dernières années. Une (...) attention particulière est accordée à l'examen de la barbarie implantée dans le développement de la civilisation contemporaine et qui se manifeste sous des formes diverses (écologique, politique, violence militariste, retour à l'état sauvage dans la vie quotidienne, état d'abandon?), notamment dans les " sursauts " de violence, de répression, d'atteinte aux normes du droit et de la morale (fascisme, totalitarisme et agression internationale). (shrink)

L'article analyse les discussions dans la philosophie occidentale autour du problème de la barbarie conçue face cachée de la civilisation et en particulier comme face cachée de la civilisation contemporaine, à partir des travaux de C. Offe, L. Klausen, K.-S. Rehberg, M. Miller, H.-G. Soeffner, S. Eisenstadt et Z. Bauman. S'attachant à ces travaux et les soumettant à un examen critique, l'auteur de l'article présente (brièvement) sa conception de la civilisation, qu'elle a élaborée au cours des 25 dernières années. Une (...) attention particulière est accordée à l'examen de la barbarie implantée dans le développement de la civilisation contemporaine et qui se manifeste sous des formes diverses (écologique, politique, violence militariste, retour à l'état sauvage dans la vie quotidienne, état d'abandon?), notamment dans les " sursauts " de violence, de répression, d'atteinte aux normes du droit et de la morale (fascisme, totalitarisme et agression internationale). (shrink)

This article discusses Lev Shestov’s essay that analyzes Shakespeare’s tragedy Julius Caesar. The essay was included in Shestov’s book the Apotheosis of Groundlessness, and still remains largely unknown to a broader public. The article shows that the essay is less an analysis of a Shakespeare play and more an employment of Shakespeare’s themes and characters in order to challenge his killer heroes in the name of certain abstract principles that “sacrifice” both individuals and masses of humanity. The author also demonstrates (...) the contemporary relevance of exposing the ideology of sacrifice. (shrink)

The author traces the evolution of Mamardashvili's critique of Sartre's existentialism, undertaken from the perspective of his creative and unorthodox Marxism.

The author reviews and discusses the contributions made by V. Lektorsky to philosophy, and especially to epistemology, in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods.

Hegel's Science of Logic is a unique intellectual center of the philosopher's development. In a sense everything that he had done previously was used in his search for a logical principle and in shaping a system of logic and everything he wrote later brought out the theoretical elements that it implicitly contained.