Steve Coutinho explores in detail the fundamental concepts of Daoist thought as represented in three early texts: the _Laozi_, the _Zhuangzi_, and the _Liezi_. Readers interested in philosophy yet unfamiliar with Daoism will gain a comprehensive understanding of these works from this analysis, and readers fascinated by ancient China who also wish to grasp its philosophical foundations will appreciate the clarity and depth of Coutinho's explanations. Coutinho writes a volume for all readers, whether or not they have (...) a background in philosophy or Chinese studies. A work of comparative philosophy, this volume also integrates the concepts and methods of contemporary philosophical discourse into a discussion of early Chinese thought. The resulting dialogue relates ancient Chinese thought to contemporary philosophical issues and uses modern Western ideas and approaches to throw new interpretive light on classical texts. Rather than function as historical curiosities, these works act as living philosophies in conversation with contemporary thought and experience. Coutinho respects the multiplicity of Daoist philosophies while also revealing a distinctive philosophical sensibility, and he provides clear explanations of these complex texts without resorting to oversimplification. (shrink)

Drawing on several issues and methods in Western philosophy, from analytical philosophy to semiotics and hermeneutics, the author throws new light on the ancient Zhuangzi text. Engaging Daoism and contemporary Western philosophical logic, and drawing on new developments in our understanding of early Chinese culture, Coutinho challenges the interpretation of Zhuangzi as either a skeptic or a relativist, and instead seeks to explore his philosophy as emphasizing the ineradicable vagueness of language, thought and reality. This new interpretation of the (...) Zhuangzi offers an important development in the understanding of Daoist philosophy, describing a world in flux in which things themselves are vague and inconsistent, and tries to show us a Way (a Dao) to negotiate through the shadows of a "chaotic" world. (shrink)

An anthology of new translations of essential readings from the classical texts of early Chinese philosophy. It includes the Analects of Confucius, Meng Zi (Mencius), Xun Zi, Mo Zi, Lao Zi (Dao De Jing), Zhuang Zi, and Han Fei Zi, as well as short chapters on the Da Xue and the Zhong Yong. Pedagogically organized, it offers philosophically sophisticated annotations and commentaries as well as an extensive glossary explaining key philosophical concepts in detail.

Su objetivo general es analizar cómo se consideran los aspectos éticos, lingüísticos y culturales en las producciones en el área de Organización y Representación de la Información y el Conocimiento a nivel nacional. Utiliza como metodología la investigación bibliográfica, exploratoria y descriptiva, basada en un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo. Para ello, se analizaron producciones científicas que cubren el tema, a través de consultas realizadas en la Base de Datos de Referencia de Artículos Periódicos en Ciencias de la Información (BRAPCI) y (...) en los anales de ISKO BRASIL (Sociedad Internacional de Organización del Conocimiento). Como resultado, se observó que el eje cultural ha sido ligeramente más estudiado en los últimos cinco años, en comparación con los ejes relacionados con la ética y el lenguaje. En lo que respecta a la ética, asumen una posición destacada los estudios sobre valores éticos en el trabajo de los profesionales de la información, así como las cuestiones de género y sexualidad. En cuanto al aspecto lingüístico, destacan los estudios sobre semántica y lingüística aplicada a la Organización del Conocimiento. En cuanto al aspecto cultural, hubo incidencia de estudios que abordan cuestiones relacionadas con la representación de la cultura negra y la diversidad cultural en los Sistemas de Organización del Conocimiento (SOC). (shrink)

Originally published in 1904, Whittaker’s A Treatise on the Analytical Dynamics of Particles and Rigid Bodies soon became a classic of the subject and has remained in print for most of these 108 years. In this paper, we follow the book as it develops from a report that Whittaker wrote for the British Society for the Advancement of Science to its influence on Dirac’s version of quantum mechanics in the 1920s and beyond.

Este artigo tem como objectivo organizar as teorias da secularização de forma diferente, assentando-as em filiações filosóficas/sociológicas e em níveis de análise. Para tal, como método, usa-se a análise comparada de conteúdo das teorias e/ou dos trabalhos mais relevantes dos principais autores. As teorias podem dividir-se em dois grupos principais, adeptos e adversários da secularização. Enquanto os adeptos se afiguram como aprofundamentos e ajustamentos das teorias clássicas à realidade contemporânea, advogando sobretudo a religiosidade individual, os adversários apresentam concepções diferentes das (...) teorias clássicas da secularização, defendendo a permanência da religiosidade institucional. No primeiro grupo encontram-se as teorias pós-clássicas e as teorias da individualização, enquanto no segundo grupo apresentam-se o modelo económico, as teorias do regresso e as teorias histórico-culturais. Weber e Durkheim, e as correntes epistemológicas que representam, são a maior influência das várias teorias existentes, umas mais descendentes do primeiro, outras do segundo. O modelo económico distingue-se das restantes teorias por ser a única que não é influenciada por Weber e que é influenciada pelo empirismo anglo-saxónico. (shrink)

In the early 1930s W. O. Kermack and W. H. McCrea published three papers in which they attempted to prove a result of E. T. Whittaker on the solution of differential equations. In modern parlance, their key idea consisted in using quantized contact transformations over an algebra of differential operators. Although their papers do not seem to have had any impact, either then or at any later time, the same ideas were independently developed in the 1960–1980s in the framework of (...) the theory of modules over rings of microdifferential operators. In this paper we describe the results of Kermack and McCrea and discuss possible reasons why such promising papers had no impact on the mathematics of the twentieth century. (shrink)

O HUMANISMO NA HERMENÊUTICA FILOSÓFICA: PARA ALÉM DO SÓCIOPOLÍTICO- ECONÔMICO.

A produção filosófica no Brasil não tem se caracterizado, no curso de sua história, por um número significativo de trabalhos que possam ser considerados suficientemente autônomos e originais em relação a modelos e temas estabelecidos no exterior. Uma dessas exceções é a indagação que Evaldo Coutinho desenvolveu numa obra que compreende, até agora, quase dez volumes, e que vai do Cinema e da Arquitetura à Estética e à Filosofia da Existência. Neste conjunto, ocupa lugar especial a série compreendida por (...) A Visão Existenciadora (1978), O Convívio Alegórico (1979), Ser e Estar em Nós (1980), A Subordinação ao Nosso Existir (1981) e A Testemunha Participante (1983), ora rematada em A Artisticidade do Ser, onde o autor expande a sua reflexão acerca da ordem fisionômica exposta ou sugerida nos ensaios acima. Neste livro, o pensador brasileiro ergue uma construção mental onde a coerência e a harmonia das idéias legitimam uma criação verdadeiramente filosófica, no plano da pura cosmogonia. A consciência individual recebe aí uma valorização metafísica não encontrada em quaisquer dos sistemas filosóficos de hoje e do passado. Desenvolvendo esta sua concepção, Evaldo Coutinho revela a modalidade como o universo se lhe apresenta: mediante alegorias e símbolos que informam sobre a identidade entre a extinção da consciência e a morte do Ser, assim configurando-se a ontológica artisticidade. (shrink)

The purpose of this study was to understand the perceptions of highly skilled and less skilled volleyball players about the influences that parents, coaches, and peers had on their sport development and performance achievement. Highly skilled (n= 30) and less skilled (n= 30) volleyball players participated in semi-structured retrospective interviews to explain how parents, coaches and peers may have influenced their sport participation. Data was analyzed through a process of content analysis. Results indicated that parents, coaches, and peers had an (...) important influence in player's sport development but differing according to players' expertise level. Concerning to parental influences, tangible support during the early years of development was mentioned by all players. However, parents' level of involvement and parenting styles revealed interesting differences between highly skilled and less skilled players. Highly skilled players perceived a moderate parental involvement and an autonomy-supportive parenting style, while less skilled players referred a excessive parental involvement in players' sport participation. Coaches influences showed to have some similarities in the early years with all players mentioning coaches as caring and recognizing their value as an athlete. However, highly skilled players described a different training environment characterized by a demanding coach, individualized instruction, and specific goal setting. Regarding peers' influence, all players recognized that friends were not only one of the main reasons to start playing volleyball, but also an important source of support to remain engaged and staying motivated to do sport. Highly skilled players, however, mentioned the importance of teammates' positive push and critiques during practice for enhancing their motivation, team cohesion and friendship. They also highlighted the importance of friends outside of sport in the later years of their career by acting as an escape from all the pressure that emerged from volleyball training and competition demands. Overall, these findings highlight different social influences according to the players' expertise level suggesting the need to examine more extensively the nature of significant others' support on athlete and talent development. (shrink)

Investigação fenomenológica e existencial, 'O lugar de todos os lugares', mapeia não só o itinerário de uma vivência profunda da consciência em geral e da arte, como também uma análise das mais originais em termos não apenas brasileiros, das razões fundamentais da Filosofia e Estética modernas.

O artigo se propõe a pensar o retorno dos adolescentes às escolas após a pandemia fazendo a articulação entre conceitos psicanalíticos e a importância da escola na transição que a adolescência representa para a constituição psíquica do sujeito. A partir de uma experiência de pesquisa-extensão em uma escola com estudantes do Ensino Médio, pensamos sobre como o laço social contemporâneo impacta os modos de subjetivação e a educação, relacionando-o ao mal-estar nos estudantes adolescentes nos contextos educativos brasileiros. Além disso, a (...) dimensão da temporalidade tanto a própria da adolescência, quanto da escola e da pandemia que lhe atravessam foram tomadas como direcionamentos sendo o artigo dividido três partes: tempo na pandemia, tempo da escola e o tempo da adolescência. (shrink)

This article addresses the contributions of the literature on the new mechanistic philosophy of science for the scientific practice of model building in ecology. This is reflected in a one-to-one interdisciplinary collaboration between an ecologist and a philosopher of science during science-in-the-making. We argue that the identification, reconstruction and understanding of mechanisms is context-sensitive, and for this case study mechanistic modeling did not present a normative role but a heuristic one. We expect our study to provides useful epistemic tools for (...) the improvement of empirically-riven work in the debates about mechanistic explanation of ecological phenomena. (shrink)

The aim of this study was to understand how training and playing conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic affected the performance of Euroleague Basketball players. Using a non-participant observation analysis, the study compared the seasons before the lockdown with the season after restart. Paired t-tests and Wilcoxon tests were applied for variables with normal and non-normal distributions, respectively. The results revealed significant changes in several offensive and defensive performance-related variables during pandemic times : free throw attempts, free throw percentage, turnovers, three-point (...) attempt rate, fouls, points, and possessions. The pre-pandemic HA significantly decreased after the lockdown, with games played with no crowd. The one-sample t-test showed that the HA after the COVID-19 interruption was not significantly greater than 50%, indicating that the HA did not endure during the pandemic condition. Although significant differences between home and away teams were found for most performance-related variables in both pre-pandemic and pandemic conditions, variations of the relative HA were only significant for free throw attempts, points, and turnovers. The results of this study showed that performance variables were affected by the COVID-19 lockdown. Thus, these findings may help coaches, players, and referees to counteract unwanted competitive events and improve their overall performance, regardless of the contextual/situational circumstances encountered. (shrink)

The Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) is a measure of analytical reasoning that cues an intuitive but incorrect response that must be rejected for successful performance to be attained. The CRT yields two types of errors: Intuitive errors, which are attributed to Type 1 processes; and non-intuitive errors, which result from poor numeracy skills or deficient reasoning. Past research shows that participants who commit the highest numbers of errors on the CRT overestimate their performance the most, whereas those with the lowest (...) error-rates tend to slightly underestimate. This is an example of the Dunning-Kruger Effect (DKE). The present study examined how intuitive vs. non-intuitive errors contribute to overestimation in the CRT at different levels of performance. Female undergraduate students completed a seven-item CRT test and subsequently estimated their raw score. They also filled out the Faith in Intuition (FI) questionnaire, which is a dispositional measure of intuitive thinking. Data was separated into quartiles based on level of performance on the CRT. The results demonstrated the DKE. Additionally, intuitive and non-intuitive errors predicted miscalibration among low, but not high performers. However, intuitive errors were a stronger predictor of miscalibration. Finally, FI was positively correlated with CRT self-estimates and miscalibration, indicating that participants who perceived themselves to be more intuitive were worse at estimating their score. These results taken together suggest that participants who perform poorly in the CRT and also those who score higher in intuitive thinking disposition are more susceptible to the influences of heuristic-based cues, such as answer fluency, when judging their performance. (shrink)

Kok-Chor Tan argues that cosmopolitan liberalism can serve as a means to implement the ideal of moral universalism, if one sufficiently distinguishes non-toleration from intervention and moral universalism from dogmatism. In a further move, Tan claims that such an understanding of cosmopolitan liberalism can work to mutually regulate the behavior of states in the global arena. Tan’s co-panelists engage different aspects of his vision. Steve Coutinho underscores that changes within cultures do not typically result from a dialogue across cultures (...) but from within individual cultures. Instead of propping up universal morality on the ideal of cosmopolitan liberalism, we should, Coutinho proposes, work toward finding values that have been implemented to create practical circumstances that resemble those found in liberal cultures. Putting the spotlight on the historical context of liberal cosmopolitanism, Zachary Penman argues that to engage in a global dialogue, the onus is on cosmopolitan liberals to shift the geography of reasoning from imperiality to decoloniality. Equally, their decolonial partners in this dialogue should throw into light the normative content of their decolonial practical reason to facilitate the shift. Saranindranath Tagore encourages Tan to think about a more expanded account of autonomy that is set on a more explicit cosmopolitan register. To this end, he suggests that a cosmopolitan sensibility be fostered through education. Sympathetic to Tan’s larger project of a liberal cosmopolitanism that subscribes to epistemic modesty, Inés Valdez brings into focus structures of epistemic dogmatism that currently allow for political and economic control and exploitation of other peoples and their resources. Tan’s response considers how his own defense of liberal cosmopolitanism as well as his interlocutors’ responses relate to the broader project of decolonizing philosophy. (shrink)

Successful entrepreneurs of a large retail chain for clothing—the Lojas Renner, decided to address gender, as well as job and income generation issues, in a challenging experience that involved several stakeholders in the new markets where they established their business. In 2007 they launched the ‘Mais Eu’ social campaign aligned with the business, aiming to increase women’s professional qualifications, job and income generation. The key concern relied upon the content of the communication, in order to promote a deep adaptation to (...) regional tastes and habits, respecting the different lifestyles. The institutional advertising campaign focused on the concept of woman and her relationship with important symbols such as family, considering different phases of her life-cycle and different women’s styles. This approach nationalized the concept and the importance of women from all Brazilian regions, enabling identification and awareness. The objectives of this paper are: to present the campaign, as it could serve as a model to be replicated by other companies, in emergent or developing countries; and to analyze the campaign using the theoretical framework of the Ethics of Care. (shrink)

Introduction -- Youth, a contradictory formation: 1910-18 -- Workers' democracy and factory-councils: 1919-20 -- Passage to maturity: 1921-6 -- Methodological observations on the prison notebooks -- The 'extended' theory of the state -- The party as 'collective intellectual' -- The current relevance and universality of Gramsci.

O pensamento de Evaldo Coutinho, que se concentra numa síntese teológica e estético-filosófica, veio se desenvolvendo através dos quatro volumes anteriores, culmina neste livro numa profundidade de discernimento suscetível de comprovar-se a cada página, além de ostentar a coerência interna, indispensável a todo labor especulativo. O viver humano se traduz como viver metafísico, quando os fatos se deixam corresponder ao sentido que lhes inocula o escritor, qual seja, o de nada deixar escapar à ordem fisionômica. Esta é a denominação (...) com que Evaldo Coutinho intitula o universo enquanto repertório de sua individualidade 'em via de perecer'. Os episódios apresentados no dia-a-dia atestam a dependência em relação à vida do próprio autor, visto que ele os existência através do conhecimento e da criação. A par da originalidade daquela síntese, ressalta a qualidade de uma escritura, ímpar no pensamento brasileiro, e a novidade literária, rara de ver-se na ensaística filosófica em geral. Trata-se, na verdade, de uma contribuição que veio para ficar entre as mais sensíveis meditações sobre o sentido do existir e que irá penetrando na consciência do leitor que tiver o gosto pela aventura do espírito através dos caminhos da reflexão e do autoconhecimento e que se der ao trabalho de acompanhar Evaldo Coutinho em sua notável caminhada para fora de si, dentro de si. (shrink)

In this paper, I discuss how the principle of identifying knowledge which Strawson advances in ‘Singular Terms and Predication’ (1961), and in ‘Identifying Reference and Truth-Values’ (1964) turns out to constrain communication. The principle states that a speaker’s use of a referring expression should invoke identifying knowledge on the part of the hearer, if the hearer is to understand what the speaker is saying, and also that, in so referring, speakers are attentive to hearers’ epistemic states. In contrasting it with (...) Russell’s Principle (Evans 1982), as well as with the principle of identifying descriptions (Donnellan 1970), I try to show that the principle of identifying knowledge, ultimately a condition for understanding, makes sense only in a situation of conversation. This allows me to conclude that the cooperative feature of communication (Grice 1975) and reference (Clark andWilkes-Gibbs 1986) holds also at the understanding level. Finally, I discuss where Strawson’s views seem to be unsatisfactory, and suggest how they might be improved. (shrink)

Partindo das doutrinárias que apresentou no livro 'O Lugar de todos os Lugares', também publicado por esta Editora, Evaldo Coutinho expõe, em 'A Subordinação ao nosso Existir', a sua tese sobre a teologia do eu, quando salienta que todo o universo está a depender, existencialmente, da vida de cada ser humano. Este passa a ter, portanto, uma valorização metafísica inexcedível. A comprovação da tese se encontra na percepção do autor que vê em si mesmo o existenciador e o preservador (...) do universo. Ele, o autor, assume o privilégio absoluto de posse de abrangência, do qual nenhuma coisa vem a subrair-se. Para ilustrar o seu pensamento, Evaldo Coutinho usa a imagem do espectador colocado na última cadeira, de onde testemunha, simultaneamente, o palco e os demais espectadores. A Subordinação ao nosso Existir, encerra, na estruturação literária, figuras e cenas que vivificam a especulação filosófica em torno do universo restrito à brevidade de uma vida, no caso a do próprio revelador da 'ordem fisionômica'. (shrink)