Se busca presentar y analizar críticamente la filosofía interpretacionista de Günter Abel como una de las reflexiones más recientes y originales sobre el fenómeno de la interpretación. Al recoger atisbos provenientes de diversos horizontes teóricos (Nietzsche, Wittgenstein, Goodman, Davidson), Abel ..

It is commonly argued that Hans-Georg Gadamer’s hermeneutics rests upon a criticism of the method of natural sciences that, by establishing a monopoly of what might be deemed as true knowledge, would exclude different forms of non-scientific experiences of truth. Thus, the article aims first at examining this assumption based on an analysis of his hermeneutic dialectics and ontology of language, which he develops in the third part of Truth and Method. This analysis reveals that his criticism of scientific method (...) rests upon the idea that the being is related to the happening of meaning and of human beings as individuals whose understanding of the world is questioned and caused by such happening. These ontological approaches make possible to characterize what might be thetrue method of thinking and access to truth. Secondly, the article aims at identifying three methodologicalprinciples that would guide a genuine exercise of hermeneutic thinking: a) The principle of determining the topos of understanding, which demands to reveal the relations of meaning that connect us to what we desire to understand; b) Principle of correction, which makes possible that understanding continuously “improves” both our interpretations and self-descriptions that actors provide of their own actions; and c) Principle of sensitivity towards happening, which demands to carefully listen to every possible relation of meaning that shape phenomena, as well as to the variations and mutations of meaning they experience. (shrink)

The Reliquary of the Manger in the Church of São Roque in Lisbon was created in the early seventeenth century to house supposed fragments of the crib in Bethlehem, given to the Jesuits in Lisbon by Pope Clement VIII. The gilded and silvered bronze reliquary was paid for in part by a donation of c. 1615 from Donna Maria Rolim de Moura, wife of Luís da Gama, a great-grandson of Vasco da Gama. The size of the donation—specifically, the (...) coin involved--has been variously reported and this investigation argues for a correct value, as well as presenting its equivalence in modern currency. The argument is backed up by the discovery in Lisbon of an early seventeenth-century inventory which records the donation. (shrink)

Sūkṣmāgama: Volume III, Chapters 54 to 85. Critical Edition. By S. Sambandhaśivācarya, B. Dagens, M.-L. Barazer-Billoret, and T. Ganesan with the collaboration of J.-M. Creisméas. Collection Indologie, vol. 114.3. Pondichéry: institut FranCçais de Pondichéry, 2018. Pp. cxcviii + 348.

Festschrift in honor of 60th birthday of Āgamānaṅdasvāmikaḷ, 1896-1961; collection of his speeches and writings on Vedanta and other aspects of Hindu philosophy.

Despite the ongoing consideration of the ethical nature of human resource management (HRM), little research has been conducted on how morality and ethics are represented in the discourse, activities and lived experiences of human resource (HR) professionals. In this paper, we connect the thinking and lived experiences of HR professionals to an alternative ethics, rooted in the work of Bauman (Modernity and the Holocaust, Polity Press, Cambridge, 1989; Theory, Culture and Society 7:5-38, 1990; Postmodern Ethics, Blackwell, Oxford, 1991; Approaches to (...) Social Enquiry, Polity Press, Cambridge, 1993; Life in Fragments, Blackwell, Oxford, 1995) and Levinas (Otherwise than Being, or, Beyond Essence, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, PA, 1998). We argue that the study of HRM and ethics should be contextualized within the discourses used, the practices and activities of HR professionals. Through the analysis of interview data from 40 predominantly Canadian HR practitioners and managers we experiment with Bauman's notion of 'moral impulse' to help us understand how HRM is both a product and perpetuator of moral neutralization in organizations. We suggest that HRM as it is practiced is concerned with distancing, depersonalizing, and dissembling, and acts in support of the 'moral' requirements of business, not of people. However, we also recognize that HR practitioners and managers are often confronted with and conflicted by actions and decisions that they are required to take, therefore opening possibilities and hope for an alternative ethical HRM. (shrink)

Nietzsche's reflection on art extends throughout his philosophical work. From the early claim of an “artist's metaphysics” to the late considerations that see in art the privileged form of the Will to Power, Nietzsche makes his attempt to overcome western metaphysics to depend on a particular ontological conception of the artistic fact. This ontological aestheticism, of enormous influence in current philosophical trends, has been the subject of various comments and criticisms. Less interest has raised instead the analysis of the implications (...) that this long nietzschean meditation concerning art can have in the interior of the aesthetic field itself: what is the specificity of art compared with other fields of human action? What results for the individual and for culture from the encounter with the phenomenon of art? This article constitutes a first attempt to answer these questions. Its analysis focuses in The Birth of Tragedy and, to a lesser extent, in the physiology of art found in the Twilight of the Idols. The article's central thesis defends that, according to Nietzsche, the aesthetical experience is essentially an experience of knowledge, a type of knowledge that gives access to truth. (shrink)

Human life in contemporary society is extremely complex and there are various external factors that directly affect the realization in the individual ends. In this work I analyze the effects of the global market economy, manifested by a mode of production and distribution of goods and services in the form of a global network of economic relations, which involve people, transnational corporations and political and social institutions in moral sphere of people, affecting their choices and the realization of these choices. (...) Individual freedom can be understand as a freedom to realize our choices in the environment of a global economic market, but it is still problematic in the sense that the choices of goods and services available in this market do not reflect individual choices, but a set of preferences standardized according to the market itself. In this paper I will reflect about the individual freedom in economic globalization pointing from the debate between Pettit and Berlin that social freedom advocated by Republican Petit can be satisfactory for a start. (shrink)

O presente volume reune quase uma trintena de artigos com temas culturais, de consagrados autores portugueses e brasileiros, que assim pretenderam homenagear o Professor. oordenada por Joaquim Gonçalves, a obra é estruturada em 4 partes. As três primeiras agrupam as intervenções, consagrando-se a quarta à vida e obra do homenageado.

Contra un presunto naturalismo de la filosofía de Nietzsche, este artículo reconstruye la noción nietzscheana de vida al hilo del tema de la interpretación. Se pretende mostrar que para este autor el problema de la vida excede todo marco estrictamente biologicista y se orienta en cambio hacia una dimensión ontológica, en tanto la interpretación representa la actividad configuradora de sentido, mediante la cual todo ser vivo genera y sostiene su realidad. El análisis de este proceso lleva a identificar varios niveles (...) de desarrollo de esta vida interpretante: la forma de vida meramente natural, la vida simbólica propia de los seres humanos y, en último término, la vida del conocimiento como forma de vida genuinamente filosófica. Desde este planteamiento diferenciado de la actividad interpretativa se pueden arrojar nuevas luces sobre la noción nietzscheana de perspectivismo. (shrink)

The article intends to discuss processes of political subjectivation of children and young people based on excerpts from a research carried out within the scope of a master's degree in education, presenting a cartography of the political participation of children and young people living in vulnerable territories of the municipality of São Vicente, on the south coast from São Paulo, members of collectives and educational actions of the Instituto Camará Calunga. The concepts of mobilization and subjectivation are presented as important (...) elements of politicization processes, portraying the way in which children and young people engage politically in different ways, coordinated or supported by adults, representing themselves or supporting adults in their demands, opposing the notion that children do not act politically or that the ideal way for children and young people to participate would be to produce consensus and there would be no room for contestation. The research took place in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, essentially in a virtual way, but it traces a continuity with the Institute's participation practices in the pre-pandemic period. The research made use of the cartographic method, in a virtual and face-to-face way, in the context of live work, of daily living with children, young people and educators from Camará, through semi-structured interviews and field diaries. (shrink)

O objectivo do texto é esboçar algumas linhas programáticas de reflexão filosófica sobre o mito e a cultura. A presença do tema na filosofia contemporânea revel a a sua crescente importância, e aponta para novos questionamentos de aprofundamento, particularmente no âmbito da antropologia filosófica. Mito e cultura interpenetram-se, e constituem o horizonte da reflexão filosóficaque poderá desempenhar talvez, em boa parte, a função unificadora e fundamentadora atribuída à metafísica, pelo menos até à reacção contemporânea por parte das tendências positivista e (...) cientificizante. Certamente, à temática do mito e da cultura cabe um lugar proeminente no novo paradigma antropológico que se desenha na busca insistente das tendências actuais do pensamento filosófico, como resposta aos desafios lançados pelas mudanças e crises que caracterizam este nosso fim de século e de milénio. (shrink)

This paper explores two persistent questions in the literature on presumptions: the place and the nature of presumptions in law and legal argumentation. These questions were originally raised by James Bradley Thayer, one of the masters of the Law of Evidence and the author of the classic chapter devoted this subject in A preliminary treatise on Evidence. Like Thayer, I believe that these questions deserve attention. First the paper shows that the connection between presumptions and argumentation is a constant feature (...) in the literature on presumptions, since its foundation in the Middle Ages to modern times. James Bradley Thayer was probably the last jurist who clearly saw that presumptions belong to argumentation. Second, the paper examines two sources of controversy in the language of presumptions. First, “presumption” is an ambiguous word in the legal discourse. As a result, it is almost impossible to provide a clear and succinct answer to the question “What is a presumption?”. Second, there are at least four reconstructions of the concept of presumption whose merits and shortcomings are relevant to explore. The analysis presented here may be of interest for legal and non-legal scholars and, hopefully, it may help to shed light on the possibilities and limits of an interdisciplinary dialogue about presumptions. (shrink)

A doutrina positivista teve eco e deixou marcas nos intelectuais do Portugal oitocentista. O movimento republicano português do século XIX estava intimamente ligado a tal doutrina. José Pereira de Sampaio (1857-1915), que adoptou o pseudónomo de Bruno, tendo activa militância no partido Republicano Português, apresenta a novidade de, a par dessa militância, fazer uma crítica fundamental à filosofia comteana, centrada fundamentalmente na sua obra O Brasil Mental (1898). Essa crítica servirá de base às suas ideias filosóficas, à volta da teoria (...) da evolução, que exporá posteriormente nas suas obras A Ideia de Deus (1902) e O Encoberto (1904). /// La doctrine positiviste s'est répercutée et a laissé ses traces chez les intellectuels portugais du 19e. siècle. Le mouvement républicain portugais du 19e. fut en étroite relation avec cette doctrine. José Pereira de Sampaio (1857-1915), qui adopta le pseudonyme de Bruno et qui milita activement dans le parti républicain portugais, présente la nouveauté, à côté de cette activité de militant, de faire une critique fondamentale à la philosophie de Comte, qui se concentra principalement en son oeuvre O Brasil Mental (Le Brésil Mental) (1898). Cette critique servira de base à ses idées philosophiques, autour de la théorie de l'évolution, qu'il exposera ultérieurement en ses oeuvres A Ideia de Deus (L'idée de Dieu) (1902) et O Encoberto (Le recouvert) (1904). /// The positivist doctrine has had success and strongly influenced the portuguese intelectuals of the nineteenth century. The republican movement of that century had closely links with such a doctrine. José Pereira de Sampaio (1857-1915), under the pseudonym of Bruno, was an active militant in the Portuguese Republican party, and, at the same time, he puts forward a fundamental criticism of the comtean philosophy, mainly in his book O Brasil Mental (The Mental Brazil). This criticism is the basis of his philosophical ideas on the theory of evolution, which he will subsequently explain in his works A Ideia de Deus (The Idea ofGod) (1902) e O Encoberto (The Hidden) (1904). (shrink)

Este trabalho objetiva tecer reflexões acerca dos efeitos da proposta de Luis Alberto Warat de projetar no campo do Direito os aportes da Teoria da Carnavalização literária de Mikhail Bakhtin e da constituição do que ele denominou Epistemologia Carnavalizada. A partir das diversas linhas abertas pela sua obra A ciência jurídica e seus dois maridos, atravessada pelos conceitos bakhtinianos de carnaval, carnavalização, polifonia, dialogia e polissemia, intenta-se construir uma genealogia intermitente que coloca a própria obra como autêntico ato de carnavalização (...) do Direito. Isso se dá pelo efeito desestabilizador independente do alcance teórico da sua proposta da Epistemologia Carnavalizada. (shrink)

Este estudo mostra como a Casa da Sabedoria, de Bagdad, constituiu uma versão islâmica da Biblioteca de Alexandria e um ponto de convergência de saberes, de Oriente e Ocidente. Essa convergência permitiu enormes avanços no domínio da Matemática. Da Índia proveio um sistema numérico decimal, com símbolos próprios, o que abriu caminho para a linguagem abstracta e universal da Álgebra. Essa universalidade é testada e comprovada com a tradução das proposições euclidianas em linguagem algébrica.

First published in 1986, Knowledge, Belief, and Witchcraft remains the only analysis of indigenous discourse about an African belief system undertaken from within the framework of Anglo-American analytical philosophy. Taking as its point of departure W. V. O. Quine's thesis about the indeterminacy of translation, the book investigates questions of Yoruba epistemology and of how knowledge is conceived in an oral culture.

La philosophie herméneutique est présentée en général comme une phénoménologie de la compréhension et une ontologie de l’existence et du langage humains. En cela, son potentiel analytique et critique de la réalité sociale et politique est limité. Néanmoins, certains des textes tardifs de Hans-Georg Gadamer tentent de traduire ces approches ontologiques en réflexions concrètes sur la praxis humaine dans nos sociétés contemporaines. Ils construisent alors les bases d’une véritable philosophie sociale et politique à vocation éminemment critique. À travers les notions (...) d’amitié et de solidarité que l’auteur développe dans ses dernières années, cet article examine ce tournant politique de l’herméneutique. (shrink)

Este artigo é parte do estudo de doutorado que investigou a concepção de currículo na obra de Dermeval Saviani. O levantamento da produção do autor permitiu-nos identificar que a mesma se concentra, prioritariamente, em quatro grandes áreas: estrutura e política educacional; filosofia da educação; história da educação e teoria pedagógica. Tomamos para análise, neste artigo, as contribuições no campo da filosofia da educação. Concluímos que o autor articula pressupostos ontológicos, gnosiológicos, axiológicos e teleológicos, sustentando uma concepção histórico-crítica de currículo a (...) partir de uma sólida concepção filosófica. (shrink)