Traditionally, Physics has been dominated by the image of objects, that is, by the atomistic metaphysics of absolutely intrinsic properties of qualitatively unchangeable individual entities. The first major challenge to this metaphysics inside physics comes with quantum mechanics, specifically with the well-known phenomenon known as ‘quantum entanglement’. From quantum entanglement it seems that we can conclude that: quantum objects are not independent entities; wholes have an ontological priority over their parts. However, it is arguable that is too risky to infer (...) such conclusions directly from quantum mechanics. If epistemological consequences of quantum mechanics are inescapable, is seems unwise to take any direct ontological consequences from it. After all, quantum mechanics does not refer to the states of physical entities before measurements, but it is just a theory that allows us to calculate the possible outcomes from any given measurement. Still, this does not mean that, indirectly, quantum mechanics does not give some account of quantum reality that deeply challenges traditional objects metaphysics, namely, through the simple existence of the measurement problem; and through the experimental violations of Bell inequality. Even challenged, the object picture in physics can thus prevail. But we must also not forget that on the last decades, Quantum Physics has being evolved beyond the direct scope of quantum mechanics. I will try to argue that in at least some contemporary approaches in Quantum Physics we can see that there is a movement pointing towards a relational ontological view, according to which the ontological primacy is not to be given to individual entities, as self-sufficient elements with their own intrinsic and immutable identities—as in traditional object’s metaphysics—but to some sort of relational structures. I argue that although this relational metaphysics is still to be developed, it will have to be able to account for both the relational and object natures of quantum entities. (shrink)

While ontic structural realism (OSR) has been a central topic in contemporary philosophy of science, the relation between OSR and the concept of emergence has received little attention. We will argue that OSR is fully compatible with emergentism. The denial of ontological emergence requires additional assumptions that, strictly speaking, go beyond OSR. We call these _physicalist closure assumptions._ We will explain these assumptions and show that they are independent of the central commitments of OSR and inconsistent with its core goals. (...) Recognizing the compatibility of OSR and ontological emergence may contribute to the solution of ontological puzzles in physics while offering new ways to achieve the goals that advocates of OSR set for their view. (shrink)

This edited book is the outcome of a conference that was planned to take place in Lisbon at the Centro de Filosofia das Ciências (CFCUL) of the Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa. It was originally organized in the usual on-site form to which we were accustomed before the start of the Covid pandemic. The conference was postponed many times, with the hope to hold it on-site, to no avail. After many postponements, to our disappointment, the conference had unfortunately (...) to be organized in a purely online form between 14th and 15th of October in 2021. The only advantage of all this is that we saved public money. (shrink)

This Open Access book addresses the epistemological and ontological significance as well as the scope of new mechanism. In particular, this book addresses the issues of what is "new" about new mechanism, the epistemological and ontological reasons underlying the adoption of mechanistic instead of other modelling strategies as well as the possibility of mechanistic explanation to accommodate a non-trivial notion of emergence. Arguably, new mechanism has been particularly successful in making sense of scientific practice in the molecular life sciences. But (...) what about other sciences? This book enlarges the context of analysis, addressing the issue of the putative compatibility between the current ways of conceiving new mechanism and actual scientific practices in quantum physics, chemistry, biochemistry, developmental biology and the cognitive sciences. (shrink)

Como é bem sabido, o problema da medição é um problema antigo – talvez mesmo o único problema - da Mecânica Quântica ou, pelo menos, de sua interpretação. Grosso modo, o problema da medição surge da transição de um sistema em Mecânica Quântica de um estado de superposição para um estado bem definido. Ou seja, da transição de um sistema num estado “quântico” para um “estado clássico”. Como também é bem conhecido, várias são as tentativas de solução para o problema (...) de medição. Apesar de existir uma vasta gama de opções, a maioria das soluções apresentadas assume o pressuposto que a Mecânica Quântica é aplicável, em princípio, universalmente; isto é, a todos sistemas físicos. No entanto, talvez possamos questionar essa suposição e talvez essa suposição seja o que torna o problema de medição problemático. Este artigo tem como objetivo i) analisar o pressuposto da universalidade da aplicabilidade da Mecânica Quântica e consequências para a formulação do problema da medição; ii) explorar a ideia de que as entidades clássicas não são ontologicamente redutíveis, mas emergentes de entidades quânticas. (shrink)

Mitochondrial dysfunction has long been considered a key mechanism in the ageing process but surprisingly little attention has been paid to the impact of mitochondrial number or density within cells. Recent reports suggest a positive association between mitochondrial density, energy homeostasis and longevity. However, mitochondrial number also determines the number of sites generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and we suggest that the links between mitochondrial density and ageing are more complex, potentially acting in both directions. The idea that increased density, (...) especially when combined with mitochondrial dysfunction, might accelerate ageing is supported by a negative correlation between mitochondrial density and maximum longevity in an interspecies comparison in mammals, and by evidence for an intimate interconnection between cellular ROS levels, mitochondrial density and cellular ageing. Recent data suggest that retrograde response, which activates mitochondrial biogenesis, accompanies cellular ageing processes. We hypothesise that increased mitochondrial biogenesis, and possibly also impaired degradation and segregation of mitochondria, if occurring as adaptation to pre‐existing mitochondrial dysfunction, might aggravate ROS production and thus actively contribute to ageing. BioEssays 29:908–917, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (shrink)

resumo Focado num trecho de “Position de L’inconscient”, este artigo faz a descrição gramatical das figuras de sujeito e de linguagem ali empregadas. A intenção é exclusivamente terapêutica – não se trata de propor novas teses, mas provocar o olhar para aspectos negligenciados da prática psicanalítica. palavras-chave Lacan - Wittgenstein - Linguagem - Subjetividade.

The present study aimed at describing the research activities executed by researchers on organizational and work psychology in the state of Santa Catarina. The considered aspects were the psychological phenomena investigated by researchers, the types of procedures and instruments employed with great..

There is only one occurrence of the word ‘progress’ in the Philosophical Investigations. It is located in the sentence that serves as the book’s epigraph. The book, however, does not explicit prese...

Arguing for the theoretical importance of the concept of “subject” or “self” on behalf of the “psychiatric/psycho-pathological thinking” is justified in so far as, as Costa, Bezerra Jr., and Gama say, “this is still an indispensable concept for understanding the conditions for the gestation and functioning of psychological life.” In what sense are these concepts “indispensable?”All the hints suggest them as necessary complements for neurobiological investigations to become useful for clinical employment. So, if we consider that it is possible to (...) approach mental phenomena connecting in some way their two sides to favor clinical use, the neurobiological and the psychological, we might as well suppose that any... (shrink)

The precarious rights of senior citizens, especially those who are highly educated and who are expected to counsel and guide the younger generations, has stimulated the creation internationally of advocacy associations and opinion leader groups. The strength of these groups, however, varies from country to country. In some countries, they are supported and are the focus of intense interest; in others, they are practically ignored. For this is reason we believe that the creation of a network of all these associations (...) is essential. The proposed network would act as a support for the already-existing policies of the United Nations’ High Commission for Human Rights, of independent experts, and of the Global Alliance for the Rights of Older People. All three have long ago recommended the creation of a recognized instrument for uniting presently scattered efforts. The proposed network, therefore, will seek to promote the international exchange of relevant expertise, and it will reinforce the commitments and actions that single countries are currently taking to meet these objectives. For example, informative public events can be organised to promote particular support initiatives and to provide an opportunity for new members of the network to be presented. The network will promote health for senior citizens, disease prevention, senior mobility, safe free time for seniors, alimentary education, protection against new risks and dangers, as well as equity in the services necessary for seniors to adopt new information and communication technologies. In the case of retired academic members, the network will promote equality with respect to continuing use of digital technologies (particularly email), continuing access to research libraries, and the guaranteed ability for seniors to fund their own research programs and to deliver free seminars. (shrink)

Resenha de: Hegel, G. W. F. Ciência da lógica: 1. A doutrina do ser. Tradução deChristian Iber, Marloren L. de Miranda, Federico Orsini e Agemir Bavaresco. Petrópolis, RJ: Vozes; Bragança Paulista, SP: Ed.Universitária São Francisco, 2016. 464 p. ISBN 9788532653086.************************************************************************************** ************************************ Com a tradução, os falantes da língua portuguesa têm em mãos uma obra filosófica estruturante do pensamento moderno e uma das mais importantes da História da Filosofia. Temos agora e nossas mãos, em língua portuguesa, uma obra de difícil acesso do (...) pensamento hegeliano e que um filósofo de língua portuguesa leria com muita dificuldade. A tradução, ora disponibilizada, tenta conciliar a difícil linguagem hegeliana escrita em alemão com a fluência típica do nosso português, permitindo uma compreensão mais ou menos fácil por parte do falante da língua portuguesa. (shrink)

This study attempts to analyse the relationship between two key psychological variables associated with performance in sports - Self-Determined Motivation and Competitive Anxiety - through Bayesian Networks analysis. We analysed 674 university students/athletes from 44 universities that competed at the University Games in México, with an average age of 21 years (SD = 2.07) and with a mean of 8.61 years’ (SD = 5.15) experience in sports. Methods: Regarding the data analysis, first a CHAID algorithm was carried out to determine (...) the dependence links between variables, and then a Bayesian networks was developed. The validation of the BN revealed AUC values ranging from 0.5 to 0.92. Subsequently, various instantiations were performed with hypothetical values applied to the “bottom” variables. Results showed two probability trees that have extrinsic motivation and amotivation at the top, while the anxiety/activation due to worries about performance was at the bottom of the probabilities. The instantiations carried out support the existence of these probabilistic relationships, demonstrating their scarce influence on anxiety about competition generated by the intrinsic motivation, and the complex probabilistic effect of introjected and identified regulation regarding the appearance of anxiety due to worry about performance. (shrink)

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between physical activity and eating habits during the COVID-19 pandemic among Brazilian adults. A sample of 1,929 participants answered an online survey, however 1,874 were included in the analysis. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating habits was assessed inquiring about participants' intake of fruits, vegetables, fried foods, and sweets during the pandemic. Physical activity was assessed by asking participants about their weekly frequency, intensity and number of minutes/hours engaging (...) in structured physical activities per week. Participants were then stratified into categories based on moderate-to-vigorous intensity and into active or inactive. Increased sweets consumption was the most commonly reported change to eating habits, followed by an increase in the consumption of vegetables, fruits, and fried foods. Physical activity practice was related to lower consumption of fried foods and sweets. A cluster analysis revealed subjects with higher the level of physical activity was more likely to follow a healthy diet. Thus, physical activity was positively associated with healthier eating habits. Health authorities must recommend regular physical as a strategy to improve overall health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies should address the physical activity interventions to improve health status during a pandemic. (shrink)

Review: Rabossi, E. (org). 2004. La Mente y sus Problemas – Temas actuales de filosofia de la psicología. Buenos Aires: Catálogos S. R. L.

Automatized scalable healthcare support solutions allow real-time 24/7 health monitoring of patients, prioritizing medical treatment according to health conditions, reducing medical appointments in clinics and hospitals, and enabling easy exchange of information among healthcare professionals. With recent health safety guidelines due to the COVID-19 pandemic, protecting the elderly has become imperative. However, state-of-the-art health wearable device platforms present limitations in hardware, parameter estimation algorithms, and software architecture. This paper proposes a complete framework for health systems composed of multi-sensor wearable health (...) devices, high-resolution parameter estimation, and real-time monitoring applications. The framework is appropriate for real-time monitoring of elderly patients' health without physical contact with healthcare professionals, maintaining safety standards. The hardware includes sensors for monitoring steps, pulse oximetry, heart rate, and temperature using low-power wireless communication. In terms of parameter estimation, the embedded circuit uses high-resolution signal processing algorithms that result in an improved measure of the HR. The proposed high-resolution signal processing-based approach outperforms state-of-the-art HR estimation measurements using the photoplethysmography sensor. (shrink)

Terms loaded with informational connotations are often employed to refer to genes and their dynamics. Indeed, genes are usually perceived by biologists as basically ‘the carriers of hereditary information.’ Nevertheless, a number of researchers consider such talk as inadequate and ‘just metaphorical,’ thus expressing a skepticism about the use of the term ‘information’ and its derivatives in biology as a natural science. First, because the meaning of that term in biology is not as precise as it is, for instance, in (...) the mathematical theory of communication. Second, because it seems to refer to a purported semantic property of genes without theoretically clarifying if any genuinely intrinsic semantics is involved. Biosemiotics, a field that attempts to analyze biological systems as semiotic systems, makes it possible to advance in the understanding of the concept of information in biology. From the perspective of Peircean biosemiotics, we develop here an account of genes as signs, including a detailed analysis of two fundamental processes in the genetic information system (transcription and protein synthesis) that have not been made so far in this field of research. Furthermore, we propose here an account of information based on Peircean semiotics and apply it to our analysis of transcription and protein synthesis. (shrink)

BackgroundThe outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 has caused a global panic and public concern due to its mortality ratio and lack of treatments/vaccines. Reduced levels of physical activity have been reported during the outbreak, affecting the normal daily pattern.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship of physical activity level with sleep quality and the effects of reduction physical activity levels on sleep quality.MethodsA Google form was used to address personal information, COVID-19 personal care, physical activity, and mental health of 1,907 adult volunteers. (...) Binary logistic regression was used to verify the association of physical activity parameters and sleep quality.ResultsInsufficient physical activity levels were a risk factor to have disturbed sleep pattern [OR: 1.28, 95% CI ]; however, when the BMI was added to the analysis, there was no more statistical difference [OR: 1.23, 95% CI ]. On the other hand, we found that the reduction of physical activity levels was associated with negative changes in sleep quality [OR: 1.73, 95% CI ], regardless all the confounders [OR: 1.30, 95% CI ], unless when feeling of depression was added in Model 6 [OR: 1.28, 95% CI ].ConclusionDisruption in daily physical activity routine, rather than physical activity level, negatively influences sleep quality during the COVID-19 quarantine. (shrink)

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion.

This book highlights some of the most pressing safety, ethical, legal and societal issues related to the diverse contexts in which robotic technologies apply. Focusing on the essential concept of well-being, it addresses topics that are fundamental not only for research, but also for industry and end-users, discussing the challenges in a wide variety of applications, including domestic robots, autonomous manufacturing, personal care robots and drones.

Cette étude montre que les réflexions épistémologiques de Poincaré émergèrent dans le cadre de ses recherches scientifiques et qu’elles furent en partie inspirées par sa lecture de savants philosophes comme Helmholtz et surtout Maxwell. Elle donne une analyse systématique des textes philosophiques publiés par Poincaré vers 1900, au moment où il juge que la physique des principes constitue le sommet de l’évolution des théories. Enfin, elle met en rapport certaines de ses thèses sur la physique avec l’Analytique et la Dialectique (...) transcendantales kantiennes. (shrink)

Cette étude montre que les réflexions épistémologiques de Poincaré émergèrent dans le cadre de ses recherches scientifiques et qu’elles furent en partie inspirées par sa lecture de savants philosophes comme Helmholtz et surtout Maxwell. Elle donne une analyse systématique des textes philosophiques publiés par Poincaré vers 1900, au moment où il juge que la physique des principes constitue le sommet de l’évolution des théories. Enfin, elle met en rapport certaines de ses thèses sur la physique avec l’Analytique et la Dialectique (...) transcendantales kantiennes. (shrink)

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion.

Le parcours que je me propose de faire par la pensée cartésienne passe par les moments suivants : d’abord, on essaie de découvrir dans la pensée médiévale tardive, en prenant comme référence non pas seulement Nicolas de Cues, mais aussi quelques aspects du nominalisme, l’émergence d’une métaphysique du pouvoir qui a, elle aussi, comme point de départ, le concept d’infini ; deuxièmement, on essaie de démontrer comment cette métaphysique du pouvoir passe, en Descartes, par sa théorie de la création des (...) vérités éternelles, par les noms qu’il va privilégier pour parler de Dieu et par le concept de causa sui ; troisièmement, on voit comment cette métaphysique du pouvoir se réfléchit dans une anthropologie de la volonté qui réinterprète, d’une façon tout à fait particulière, le motif médiéval de l’homme en tant que « imago Dei » ; finalement, on voit comment l’essence de la pensée « sub specie machinae » peut être vue, en même temps, comme une affirmation du pouvoir de l’homme dans une anticipation du « verum ipsum factum » de Vico, déjà anticipé aussi dans la pensée cusaine et dans sa conception créatrice de la connaissance humaine. (shrink)

As fontes da pedagogia trabalhista de António Sérgio Resumo: Porventura o traço mais saliente da proposta educativa de António Sérgio para o Portugal republicano é a de ser uma pedagogia trabalhista, em que a preparação para e pelo trabalho é uma condição para a construção de pessoas autónomas, membros de uma sociedade baseada na cooperação. Para Sérgio, a correcta operacionalização dos novos métodos de ensino, valorizadores dos interesses imanentes das crianças, implicava uma fundamentação filosófica séria, um modelo antropológico coerente no (...) qual uma concepção do trabalho humano é fulcral. O propósito deste artigo é o de articular sinteticamente os fundamentos da sua proposta trabalhista do valor educativo e social de um ideal de trabalho, cuidando das fontes estrangeiras de inspiração da mesma, entre as quais destacaremos Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, John Dewey e Georg Kerschensteiner. Mostra-se que Sérgio soube encontrar uma fundamentação que junta reflexões daqueles pensadores, estabelecendo uma relação habitualmente ignorada entre os pedagogos seus, e nossos, contemporâneos. Pretende-se assim, recorrendo aos métodos da história das ideias, valorizadores da genealogia e da contextualização intelectual, homenagear, no cinquentenário da sua morte, um dos paladinos da Escola Nova em Portugal, dissipando algumas dúvidas sobre as reais motivações daquele Movimento pedagógico progressista no Portugal Republicano. Palavras Chave: António Sérgio. Pedagogia trabalhista. Proudhon. Dewey. Kerschensteiner. The sources of the labour pedagogy of António Sérgio: Perhaps the most striking feature of the thought of António Sérgio is his proposal of a labour pedagogy, where the preparation for and through work is a condition for the construction of persons that live in a society based on cooperation. For Sérgio the proper implementation of new teaching methods, that respect the true interests of children, implies a serious philosophical reflection, a coherent anthropological model in which a conception of human labour is critical. Our purpose is to articulate his philosophical reflections that justify the educational and social value of human labour, taking care of foreign sources of inspiration, among which are Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, John Dewey and Georg Kerschensteiner. It is shown that Sérgio brought together reflections of those thinkers, establishing a harmonic philosophical communion, usually ignored. By using the methods of the history of ideas that value the search of genealogy and intellectual context, we honour, in the fiftieth anniversary of his death, one of the paladins of the Éducation Nouvelle in Portugal, showing the real motivations of that progressive educational movement during the First Portuguese Republic. Keywords: António Sérgio. Labour pedagogy. Proudhon. Dewey. Kerschensteiner. Les sources de la pédagogie travailliste d’António Sérgio Résumé: Peut-être la caractéristique la plus frappante de la pensée éducationnelle d'António Sérgio est son pari dans une pédagogie du travail, où la préparation pour et par le travail est une condition pour la construction de personnes qui vivent dans une société fondée sur la coopération. Pour Sérgio, la mise en œuvre de nouvelles méthodes d'enseignement, qui respectent les véritables intérêts des enfants, implique une réflexion philosophique sérieuse, un modèle anthropologique cohérent pour lequel une conception du travail humain est essentielle. Notre but est d'articuler ses réflexions philosophiques qui justifient la valeur éducative et sociale du travail humain, en prenant soin des sources étrangères d'inspiration: Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, John Dewey et Georg Kerschensteiner. On démontre que Sérgio a rassemblé des réflexions de ces penseurs, en établissant une communion philosophique harmonique, généralement ignorée par les pédagogues et philosophes de son temps et du notre. En utilisant les méthodes de l'histoire des idées qui reconstruisent des généalogies et des contextes intellectuels, nous rendons hommage, dans le cinquantième anniversaire de sa mort, à l'un des paladins de l’Éducation Nouvelle au Portugal, en montrant les motivations réelles de ce mouvement éducatif pendant la Première République portugaise. Mots clés: António Sérgio. Pédagogie du travail. Proudhon. Dewey. Kerschensteiner. Data de registro: 23/10/2019 Data de aceite: 09/12/2019. (shrink)

Après 1850, la physique moléculaire laplacienne ou ampérienne s’est trouvée en compétition avec d’autres approches impliquant la thermodynamique et les théories cinétiques. Henri Poincaré est l’un des deux seuls savants français qui contribuèrent au développement de la mécanique statistique classique au tournant du siècle. Son ouverture à la physique étrangère et son engagement pour une physique des principes et pour un pluralisme méthodologique marquent une rupture avec l’autosuffisance prétendue de la physique française. Cependant, l’évolution des idées de Poincaré sur le (...) réductionnisme mécaniste ne peut se comprendre sans évoquer la cosmovision laplacienne, laquelle restait vivante vers 1880, à rebours d’une vision positiviste ou descriptive. Son apport à la mécanique statistique a des liens avec ce vieil engagement thématique des physiciens français, alors même qu’il s’ouvre aux idées de Maxwell et qu’il mobilise la mécanique céleste. Dans son cours sur la thermodynamique (1888-1889), il s’intéresse d’abord aux analogies mécaniques non-probabilistes proposées par Helmholtz pour les principes de la thermodynamique, en harmonie avec cette cosmovision. Vers 1893, il se rapproche des idées de Boltzmann et Maxwell et établit un rapport entre quelques résultats de mécanique céleste (récurrence, intégrales non-uniformes) et les fondements de la statistique. Il développe aussi un intérêt croissant pour les explications de l’irréversibilité thermodynamique. (shrink)

Este estudo pretende pensar o problema do conhecimento em Blaise Pascal, atentando para sua concepção do método geométrico aplicado ao conhecimento da natureza e das técnicas e para seu esforço por uma outra forma de conhecimento que possa ser aplicada às realidades “sobrenaturais” (a fé, o homem, a moral, os costumes, a política). Para tanto, o presente estudo articula uma análise dos ensaios pascalianos Préface. Sur le Traité du vide, De l’e.

Ce dossier thématique, consacré au passage du philosophe Emmanuel Falque par l’Université de Coimbra, à la Faculté des Lettres, dans le cadre de la Journée Internationale d’études philosophiques, intitulée «L’im‑pensable: Aux confins de la phénoménalité», qui a eu lieu le 26 mai 2022, donne encore une fois la parole au philosophe lui‑même, avec des articles et un entretien inédit, en présentant aussi un ensemble d’articles qui font écho à son projet philosophique.

Sommario: Il mio obiettivo in questo testo è discutere la nozione di lavoro produttivo nell’ambito della opera di Kierkegaard, con speciale atenzione alla teoria degli stadi esistenziali. Partendo dal concetto di uomo come un essere relazionale cioè che si rapporta a sé stesso ed alle altre persone, cerco di esaminare come il teologo danese descrive il lavoro in ogni stadio. Mentre si può dire che nell’etico il lavoro sia il dovere di ogni uomo, dovere che lo porta all’universale, e nell’estetico (...) che il lavoro sia una noiosa attività almeno quando non si riesce ad svilupparsi qualche talento speciale, nel religioso tutto cambia. Nello stadio religioso l’altro è il prossimo cioè un somigliante e quindi l’esistenza umana prende come scopo un attuarsi del sé verso ad una possibilità che si trova oltre sé stesso, una possibilità che Kierkegaard designa come coscienza eterna. Dunque il lavoro diventa sfera anche per la manifestazione dello umano come coscienza e libertà e non soltanto uno sforzo per soddisfare le necessità materiale dell’uomo come individuo di una spezie animale.: My purpose here was to discuss the notion of productive work in the philosophy of Kierkegaard. I put special attention upon the so-called theory of the life’stages. Firstly I take the concept of man as a relational being, that is a being that related himself to himself and to the other people. Then I examine Kierkegaardian discussion of the concept of work in each stage: the esthetic, the ethical and the religious. It is possible to affirm that while in the ethical the work is an universal duty, and for the esthetic it is a boring activity or at the best, is one occasion for exercising a special talent, in the religious everything changes. In the religious the Other person with whom the Self relates himself must be taken as the biblical-neighbour and so the human life takes a diferente purpose: become conscious of his own eternal calling. In the same sense working becomes a way of developing the most important atributes of human beings – his self-conscience and his liberty – more than a way of caring about the material necessities of life as an individual of an animal specie. Key words: Life’stages; Work; Subjectivity. (shrink)

An interview with the professor and philosopher Emmanuel Falque, in the context of his passage through the University of Coimbra, in the context of the Journée Internationale d’études philosophiques, which will take place on 26 May 2022, at the Faculty of Letters, entitled: «L’im‑pensable : Aux confins de la phénoménalité». In this interview, In this interview, our author coming to his entire philosophical project, from its origins to his most recent scientific production. The philosopher tells us about the provenance of (...) his thought through his main philosophical works and his existential interpretation and phenomenological reading of patristic and medieval philosophy as well as his debates with phenomenology and contemporary philosophy, particularly French philosophy. Here the epistemological and metaphysical question between philosophy and theology, literature and aesthetics, psychoanalysis and phenomenology is also addressed; the concept of «corps épandu», the corporeality or the embodiment as the cardinal point of human finitude and its incessant search to think our «humanity in common». Emmanuel Falque also presents us in this interview the genesis and the fundamental idea of Hors phénomène, as the central axis of his global philosophical project, but also as the revelation of a certain «turning point», inflexion or even of «radicalization» of his démarche, as well as its possible consequences to rethink aesthetics, ethics, politics and theology. The French thinker also talks to us here about the future of philosophy and the new horizons of his reflection (the new triptych...), about the authors and figures in the history of thought (philosophers or others) who have influenced and impacted his own philosophical‑existential path. Thus, the work of a thinker-philosopher is always an ex-position of himself to others, permanently thinking the world of life, the embodiment of reason in the folds of history. (shrink)

BERGER, P. L.; LUCKMANN, T. Modernidade, pluralismo e crise de sentido ; a orientação do homem moderno Aurino José Góis RIBEIRO, Renato Janine. A república . RIBEIRO, Renato Janine. A democracia . João Carlos Lino Gomes SUNG, Jung Mo. Sementes de esperança. A fé em um mundo em crise. Flávio Senra.

Intensity, duration, freedom, these are the three notions which constitute the motto of bergsonian speculation and the three notions which need to be decanted in order to fully understand the philosophy of life of Bergson, which culminates in his magnum opus – L’Évolution créatrice. Thus, we will try to clarify each one of them, interconnecting them consecutively in a coherent whole of an account which, being made from the exterior – as all and any analysis of life -, still delineates (...) the method of a philosophy which has the desire to comprehend pure consciousness and what is proper of life in a strict sense, and, more precisely, life as analagous of consciousness. Intensidad, duración, libertad, son las tres nociones que forman el núcleo de la especulación bergsoniana y las tres nociones que hay que decantar para comprender, en su totalidad, la filosofía de vida de Bergson que culmina en su obra magna -L'Évolution créatrice. De este modo, se intentará esclarecer cada uno de ellos, entrelazándolos consecutivamente en un todo coherente cuya consideración, es realizada desde un exterior que -como todos y cada uno de los análisis sobre la vida-, no deja de delinear la Método por el que deben regirse todas las filosofías que pretenden comprender tanto la conciencia pura, como lo propio de la vida en sentido estricto y, más precisamente, la vida como análoga a la conciencia. (shrink)

After the works of Jaako Hintikka, David Stern and, more recently, Denis Perrin, the idea that there is a wittgensteinian reflection upon the time and that it is at the origin of the abandonment of the project of a phenomenological language is nothing surprising, but we cannot consider it established yet. It seems to me that an important element in this debate is in chapter VII of the Philosophical Remarks : indeed, we find there the very first sustained discussion on (...) the possibility of a phenomenological language —a discussion obviously centred on the question of time. Without aiming to propose an “alternative” reading of Wittgenstein’ reflections on time and the phenomenological language, I would like to bring to light the importance of this chapter for this problem and also try to show that the interpretation key must be looked for in a reductio ad absurdum whose base is the impossibility to measure time. (shrink)

Revient-il à l'anthropologue de décider de la qualité «indigène» d'un individu ou d'une collectivité, ou encore des limites du territoire qui lui est attribué (ou reconnu) par l'État? En termes épistémologiques et éthiques, s'agit-il d'une tâche qui lui incombe? L'objectif de ce texte est de discuter la manière dont ces questions se posent aux anthropologues brésiliens, dans le contexte actuel. Partagé entre les discours indianiste et indigéniste, entre romantisme et médiation politique, l'anthropologue cherche à définir une posture appropriée en situation (...) d'expertise (à distinguer de la situation ethnographique), qui puisse sauvegarder la qualité scientifique de son travail, tout en répondant aux attentes et aux demandes propres à ce contexte. (shrink)

Les Remarques philosophiques sont la première tentative de mettre en oeuvre le programme qui découle de l’échec du projet du Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Le noyau de ce programme est donné par l’abandon de l’analyse des nombres avancée dans le Tractatus. Wittgenstein se rend compte que les nombres doivent se trouver à la base même du langage, dans la structure des propositions élémentaires. En même temps, il se rend compte qu’il est impossible de fournir la logique sousjacente au langage avant d’avoir procédé (...) à l’analyse. Le projet d’une investigation logique des phénomènes s’imposait, donc, même après l’abandon de l’idée d’un langage phénoménologique. The Philosophical Remarks is a first attempt at pursuing the philosophical agenda determined by the failure of the Tractarian project. The central point of this agenda is the abandonment of the analysis of number that had been given in the Tractatus. Wittgenstein realizes that numbers should be brought back to the basis of language, as part of the structure of the elementary propositions themselves. At the same time, he realizes that it is impossible to give the logic underlying our language before the process of logical analysis is carried out. He undertakes the project of a logical investigation of phenomena even after giving up the idea of a phenomenological language. (shrink)

Les Remarques philosophiques sont la première tentative de mettre en oeuvre le programme qui découle de l’échec du projet du Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Le noyau de ce programme est donné par l’abandon de l’analyse des nombres avancée dans le Tractatus. Wittgenstein se rend compte que les nombres doivent se trouver à la base même du langage, dans la structure des propositions élémentaires. En même temps, il se rend compte qu’il est impossible de fournir la logique sousjacente au langage avant d’avoir procédé (...) à l’analyse. Le projet d’une investigation logique des phénomènes s’imposait, donc, même après l’abandon de l’idée d’un langage phénoménologique. The Philosophical Remarks is a first attempt at pursuing the philosophical agenda determined by the failure of the Tractarian project. The central point of this agenda is the abandonment of the analysis of number that had been given in the Tractatus. Wittgenstein realizes that numbers should be brought back to the basis of language, as part of the structure of the elementary propositions themselves. At the same time, he realizes that it is impossible to give the logic underlying our language before the process of logical analysis is carried out. He undertakes the project of a logical investigation of phenomena even after giving up the idea of a phenomenological language. (shrink)