A obra pretende indicar a bipolaridade que constitui o objeto central da abordagem; por um lado, a problematização da funcionalidade do sistema penal e da expansão, sem precedentes, que experimenta na era da globalização; de outro, o problema dos déficits do conceito e da dimensão da cidadania, que experimentam ímpar minimização.

Zusammenfassung Im internationalen Diskurs sind feministische Perspektiven auf die Medizinethik bereits etabliert. Demgegenüber scheinen diese bislang nur vereinzelt in den deutschsprachigen medizinethischen Diskurs eingebracht zu werden. In diesem Artikel untersuchen wir, welche feministischen Perspektiven im deutschsprachigen medizinethischen Diskurs vertreten sind, und schlagen weitere Ansätze für eine feministische Medizinethik vor. Zu diesem Zweck zeichnen wir mittels einer systematisierten Literaturrecherche feministische Perspektiven im deutschsprachigen medizinethischen Diskurs seit der Etablierung der Medizinethik als eigenständiger institutionalisierter Disziplin nach. Wir analysieren, welche Themen bereits innerhalb der (...) Medizinethik aus einer feministischen Perspektive untersucht worden sind, und identifizieren Leerstellen. Basierend auf der Literaturrecherche, unseren eigenen Vorarbeiten sowie der Zusammenarbeit in der Arbeitsgruppe in der Akademie für Ethik in der Medizin „Feministische Perspektiven in der Bio- und Medizinethik“ stellen wir drei Thesen vor, die aus unserer Sicht einer Weiterentwicklung des deutschsprachigen medizinethischen Diskurses dienen können. Die erste These bezieht sich auf die Ziele feministischer Medizinethiken und besagt, dass diese (epistemische) Gerechtigkeit anstreben. Die zweite These stellt zentrale Eigenschaften von feministischen Medizinethiken als kritisch und kontext-sensibel heraus. In der dritten These diskutieren wir Intersektionalität und Postkolonialismus als theoretische Ansätze, die zu einer epistemisch gerechten, kritischen und kontext-sensiblen Medizinethik beitragen können. Wir argumentieren, dass feministische Perspektiven grundständig verankert werden sollten. Der Artikel schließt mit einem Ausblick auf die Arbeit der im letzten Jahr gegründeten Arbeitsgruppe in der Akademie für Ethik in der Medizin „Feministische Perspektiven in der Bio- und Medizinethik“. (shrink)

Definition of the problemFeminist approaches to medical ethics are well established in international discourses. By contrast, in the German-speaking medical ethical discourse, they still seem to be rather marginal. In this article, we analyze which feminist perspectives are prominent in German medical ethics and suggest new approaches.ArgumentsWe present our results from a systematized review of the literature, in which we identify existing feminist approaches within the German-speaking medical ethics discourse as well as research gaps. Based on the review, our preliminary (...) research and discussions in the working group “Feminist perspectives in bio and medical ethics”, we defend three hypotheses aimed at advancing the German feminist medical ethical discourse. We posit that (1) feminist medical ethics aim at (epistemic) justice, (2) feminist medical ethics are critical and context-sensitive, and (3) intersectional and postcolonial approaches within feminist medical ethics may contribute to epistemically just, critical, and context-sensitive medical ethics.ConclusionWe argue that feminist perspectives should be implemented as a fundamental perspective in medical ethics because they can bring together key dimensions such as epistemically just, critical, context-sensitive, intersectional, and postcolonial thinking. (shrink)

The collective focus of the essays here presented consists of the attempt to overcome the deadlock between metaphysical and non- metaphysical Hegel interpretations. There is no doubt that Hegel rejects traditional and influential forms of metaphysical thought. There is also no doubt that he grounds his philosophical system on a metaphysical theory of thought and reality. The question asked by the contributors in this volume is therefore: what kind of metaphysics does Hegel reject, and what kind does he embrace? Some (...) of the papers address the issue in general and comprehensive terms, but from different, even opposite perspectives: Hegel's claim of a 'unity' of logic and metaphysics; his potentially deflationary understanding of metaphysics; his overt metaphysical commitments; his subject-less notion of logical thought; and his criticism of Kant's critique of metaphysics. Other contributors discuss the same topics in view of very specific subject-matter in Hegel's corpus, to wit: the philosophy of self-consciousness; practical philosophy; teleology and holism; a particular brand of naturalism; language's relation to thought; 'true' and 'spurious' infinity as pivotal in philosophic thinking; and Hegel's conception of human agency and action. (shrink)

If one's goal as a scholar is neither rejection nor embrace, whether piecemeal or wholesale, of a classical text, but rather the clarification of its key concepts, arguments and intellectual context, in order to show where those concepts and arguments lead—possibly to conclusions beyond those made explicit in the text itself—then Arash Abazari's Hegel's Ontology of Power: The Structure of Social Domination in Capitalism leads by example. The general premise of this study is that Hegel's philosophy of the real is (...) grounded in the prima philosophia of the system, the Science of Logic. The specific task of the investigation is the uncovering of the foundations of the philosophy of objective spirit, as embodied in the 1820 Outlines of the Philosophy of Right, in pivotal categories of the Logic's Doctrine of Essence. But the ultimate goal of Abazari's work is to disclose how the radically critical potential of these same categories and their relations finds its actualization in Marx's account of the process of capital as the real bedrock of bourgeois society (bürgerliche Gesellschaft). (shrink)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Apparent Knowing and Its Absolute Ground Discovery and Structure of the Self Absolute Knowing as Science of the Self References.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir experiências de ensino-aprendizagem de português e inglês, vivenciadas em um projeto de extensão de uma universidade pública brasileira, localizada no estado de Mato Grosso. O projeto em questão tem o propósito maior de estabelecer parcerias de tandem via MSN Messenger, e conta com a participação de uma universidade dos Estados Unidos. O tandem é um contexto colaborativo de aprendizagem, pautado por uma parceria entre pessoas proficientes em duas línguas diferentes que buscam compartilhar (...) conhecimentos linguísticos e/ou qualquer outro tipo de conhecimento. O aporte teórico deste trabalho é composto por considerações sobre o ensino de línguas mediado por computador, o contexto de tandem e a aprendizagem colaborativa. A perspectiva teórico-metodológica utilizada é a Pesquisa Narrativa, segundo Clandinin e Connelly (2000). Os textos de campo consistem em excertos de interações de três participantes do projeto com seus respectivos parceiros de tandem, e em relatos de experiência escritos por esses participantes e por mim, enquanto mediadora. Apesar de o projeto estar em andamento, foi possível perceber nos participantes dificuldades em lidar com a autonomia e a reciprocidade necessárias para aprender em contexto de tandem. (shrink)

Die absolut-idealistische Kritik an Kant warf ihm vor allem vor, er hätte sich von materialistischen Überresten nicht vollständig befreit. Um so auffallender ist es, dass der Marxismus diese Kritik nicht einer eingehenden materialistischen Untersuchung unterzogen, sondern sie für sich in Anspruch genommen hat. Diese Arbeit zeigt, wie sich ein solcher Materialismus durch die Inanspruchnahme Hegelscher Kerngedanken in Widersprüche verwickelt und weist auf Wege ihrer Lösung hin.

In the chapter on ‘Plato and Aristotle’ of theLectures on the History of PhilosophyHegel praises Aristotle's work for displaying a principle of ‘pure subjectivity’ in a manner that he considers to be largely absent from the Platoniccorpus:In general, Platonic thinking [das Platonische] represents objectivity, but it lacks a principle of life, a principle of subjectivity; and this principle […], not in the sense of a contingent, merely particular subjectivity, but in the sense of pure subjectivity, is proper to Aristotle. Elsewhere, (...) Hegel refers to Aristotelian conceptions of organic life and of thinking as to the earliest speculative insights of Western philosophy. In § 378 of theEncyclopaedia he calls theDe Anima‘the best or even only work of speculative interest ever written on the philosophy of spirit’. In yet other places, however, Hegel attributes at least ‘intuitive’ forms of speculation to Plato as well.In a preliminary way, a 'speculative relation’ in Hegel's acceptation is instantiated by a subject's theoretical and practical relation to itself — that is, theoretical self-knowing and practical self-will. ‘Speculative’ is any concept which grasps as a unity what other kinds of cognition keep asunder: for example, the subjective and objective dimensions of a phenomenon or state of affairs. But even independently of a detailed analysis of what ‘the speculative’ entails, one is struck by the apparent inconsistency of these claims regarding Plato or Aristotle with Hegel's overall view of the logical necessity of philosophy's historical development. This view is synthetically expressed in the 1820 Introduction to these sameLectures. (shrink)

The article expresses skepticism on the alleged affinity between Hegel’s theory of conceptuality and conceptual pragmatism. Despite the intriguing philosophical impetus underlying the latter, the author formulates doubts about its compatibility with logical and metaphysical principles of absolute idealism. The criticism is articulated in four theses: pragmatism’s concerns with concept-acquisition and concept-application are largely alien to Hegel’s logical-metaphysical theory of conceptuality; the interchangeability of ‘word’ and ‘concept’ in the pragmatist discussion is incompatible with Hegel’s notion of thinking; the distinction of (...) Vertsandesbestimmung and Vernunftbegriff, while ignored in practice in the pragmatist approach, is pivotal to Hegel’s understanding of the nature of conceptuality; finally, pragmatism’s use of the recognition-thesis from the Phenomenology of Spirit ignores the noncontractarian, non-negotiative function of the same in Hegel’s work. (shrink)

A comprehensive reference guide to the key themes, major writings, context and influence of Hegel, one of the most important figures in 19th Century thought.

Este ensayo analiza la concepción de Hegel sobre la locura humana a partir del tratado “Antropología. El alma” (Enciclopedia de Ciencias Filosóficas III, Primera Parte). Primero esbozo el estatuto ontológico del Seele, modelado según el psychē de Aristóteles. A continuación, se muestra que el hyloeidismo de Seele es el fundamento metafísico de la afirmación de Hegel sobre la naturaleza psicosomática de todos los tipos de enajenación, cuyo patrón común identifica en la regresión, desencadenada por acontecimientos históricamente traumáticos, de la mismidad (...) consciente a la mismidad preconsciente y “sintiente”. Luego discuto la clasificación de los tipos de locura en la Enciclopedia §408, su deuda con predecesores y contemporáneos, y sus ecos en las categorizaciones actuales de los “trastornos mentales”. La conclusión subraya que la etiología de la locura de Hegel —contrariamente a la psiquiatría oficial actual— está fuertemente orientada hacia la identificación de catalizadores histórico-sociales, más que individuales o familiares. (shrink)

This article explores the ways in which suspects attempt to make putative victims/complainants at least partially responsible for the incidents for which they are investigated, transforming themselves into the victim and the other into the perpetrator. Drawing upon conversation analysis, I examine audio-recorded police interviews for low-level crimes in England and in which suspects have constructed what I refer as counter-denunciations. I argue that suspects accomplish these counter-denunciations through discursive practices that involve, for example (a) contrasting the complainant’s actions with (...) their own innocent conduct; (b) historicizing the event being investigated; and (c) discrediting the complainant’s character—stigmatizing. These practices have in common the suspects’ reliance on the relational and contextual character of the categories ‘offender’ and ‘victim’. (shrink)

HEGEL EXPLICATES HIS THEORY of the history of philosophic thinking in several introductions to the various cycles of Lectures on the History of Philosophy held in Jena, Heidelberg, and Berlin. Only the introductions to the first cycle of Heidelberg lectures and to the second cycle of Berlin lectures survive in Hegel's own hand. Since the earlier of these is an integral part of the latter, an analysis of the 1820 Introduction provides a reliable account of Hegel's theory.

HEGEL EXPLICATES HIS THEORY of the history of philosophic thinking in several introductions to the various cycles of Lectures on the History of Philosophy held in Jena, Heidelberg, and Berlin. Only the introductions to the first cycle of Heidelberg lectures and to the second cycle of Berlin lectures survive in Hegel's own hand. Since the earlier of these is an integral part of the latter, an analysis of the 1820 Introduction provides a reliable account of Hegel's theory.

Being a subject and being conscious of being one are different realities. According to Hegel, the difference is not only conceptual, but also influences people's experience of the world and of one another. This book aims to explain some basic aspects of Hegel's conception of subjectivity with particular regard to the difference he saw in ancient and modern ways of thinking about and acting as individuals, persons and moral subjects.

A groundbreaking contribution to scholarship on Hegel and nineteenth-century philosophy, this book makes the case that the "Anthropology" is essential to understanding Hegel's philosophy of spirit in its connection with the philosophy of nature.

The article opens with the analysis of a 2013 legal memorandum of the U.S. Department of Justice that sanctions state ordered killings of citizens on foreign soil, as well as the violation of foreign sovereignty that may have to accompany such killings. This document, together with arguments of contemporary juridical pragmatist like M. Ignatieff, functions in the article as a prototype of the kind of juridical thinking that has been explicitly countered in classical philosophies of right. Section I outlines Kant’s (...) theory of the common ethical ground of morals and politics, his criticism of Christian Garve, and his distinction of politics from pseudopolitics. Section II presents Hegel’s scrutiny of the central role of public hypocrisy and its casuistry, especially with regards to the concealment of crimes against humanity under the philanthropic veil. (shrink)

O artigo apresenta as relações entre os Povos dos Quilombos, a formação em saúde e o racismo ambiental, visto como uma face da segregação sócio espacial que é também racial. A partir da noção sobre a importância dos Quilombos para a fundação das cidades brasileiras é preciso a superação do racismo na sociedade e nos modos de pensar e produzir ciência e formação em saúde e saúde mental que deve considerar necessariamente os ensinamentos e conhecimentos dos Povos Quilombolas.

This article explores the construction of offences as ‘accidental’ in police-suspect interactions. The data comprise audio-recorded investigative interviews, which were analysed using conversation analysis. In these interviews, suspects often do not explicitly state the nature of their defence when answering police officers’ questions; instead, suspects’ defensive practices or techniques are embedded in the narrative accounts they give of what happened, thus exhibiting rather claiming their ‘innocence’. My focus here is on a particular type of defence, namely, one in which suspects (...) portray an event as having been ‘accidental’. I show that this defence of ‘accident’ is associated with several discourse features including: building a plausible and trivial context in which the untoward incident occurred, describing the untoward action or series of actions, using impersonal or agentless constructions, and representing the disproportionality between the putative victim’s reaction and the aggressor’s untoward conduct. The accountability of these descriptions, however, does not rely on one unique feature, but rather on suspects’ ability to combine these features in such a way that each establishes the grounds for others. (shrink)

Entrevista realizada durante a conferência proferida por Sylvia Serbin nas atividades do “Congresso Internacional Territorialidade e Saude: desigualdades raciais e sociais em contextos locais e globais”, organizado e coordenado pelo Nucleo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Psicanalise, Identidade, Negritude e Sociedade, ocorrido de 03 a 7 de setembro de 2014, no Centro de Ciências da Saude da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, em Santo Antonio de Jesus/BA.

O artigo aborda a saúde mental da população negra a partir da intersecção entre psicologia social, psicologia clinica psicanalítica e relações étnicas e raciais. A partir de literaturas clássicas sobre o tema, analise do currículo formativo e levantamento dos relatórios finais de estagio em psicologia de duas universidades do nordeste brasileiro apresentamos as analises parciais. Os resultados revelam que ainda há muito a fazer para que a ciência psicológica reconheça formalmente em seu currículo as demandas do sofrimento psíquico da população (...) negra. Pois o assunto é marginalizado ou preterido por profissionais da saúde mental que atuam na universidade brasileira. (shrink)

Este estudo se dispõe a reflexão sobre a relação entre o Direito Tributário e a proteção ambiental, pela análise das normas regulatórias tributárias, atuando como agente desestimulador de condutas degradantes ao meio ambiente. Normas tributárias podem ser utilizadas como instrumentos estimuladores do desenvolvimento sustentável e desestimuladores de condutas degradantes ambientais. A Constituição Federal estabeleceu as premissas do desenvolvimento econômico. A empresa deve atender a critérios, como desenvolver-se promovendo redução de desigualdades sociais, atendendo às relações de consumo e preservação ambiental. Neste (...) artigo se demonstra a importância das normas tributárias extrafiscais na regulação e contenção de danos ambientais. (shrink)

As relações entre Brasil e França quanto às dimensões de consideração sobre o racismo são semelhantes. No Brasil o mito da democracia racial impediu a percepção das injustiças e desigualdades pautadas na dimensão racializada. Na França o mesmo acontece com o mito da Republica – igualdade, liberdade e fraternidade. Porém estas insígnias são para os franceses não negros. A psicologia brasileira e a produção em saúde mental na França possuem suas diferenças. No Brasil o alheamento dos psicólogos na dimensão das (...) relações étnicas é emblemático em pleno século 21. Na França, as discussões de Lacan sobre a psicanalise promoveram a expansão do campo psicológico a desbravar a dimensão étnica considerando Frantz Fanon e outros na compreensão do sofrimento psíquico e as relações étnicas na contemporaneidade. Neste mundo globalizado, com fluxos migratórios constantes, a discussão étnica é pauta primeira para a contemporaneidade. Lembrando que as populações negras, neste contexto, são as mais violentadas. Seja na Europa, nas Américas e na África, as experiências da vivência da diáspora africana trazem experiências importantes para serem compartilhadas. Abordar parte destas imbricações e reflexões sobre os avanços e limites da psicologia no Brasil e na França no campo das relações étnicas e as relações com a atualidade nacional e global é o objetivo deste texto. (shrink)