Axel Honneth is internationally renowned for being one of the leading political and social philosophers of our time, and is highly regarded for his work on recognition and the struggles for recognition. In this interview, he discusses his work over the past four decades, starting from the rise of his intellectual vocation to his most recent book on the sovereignty of work. The text is a transcript, revised by the author, of the dialogue Honneth had with his interviewers and the (...) audience at the masterclass held on 24 May 2023 at the University of Trento, as part of the first series of lectures “Voices from Contemporary Philosophy”. (shrink)

Resumen:La filosofía ofrece múltiples ópticas para considerar el curso de la historia de la humanidad, perspectivas que van desde lo epistemológico hasta lo metafísico. Entre aquellas posibilidades interpretativas se encuentra el juego, específicamente la concepción antropológica del ser humano en tanto homo ludens –tema ya trabajado por Holzapfel en una obra previa–. A partir de dicha concepción lúdica del ser humano es posible analizar la dialéctica de los diversos tipos de juegos en el desarrollo histórico. La presente obra constituye una (...) invitación a recorrer el despliegue del homo ludens hasta las repercusiones de su desregulación agonal (juego de competencia) en nuestros días, proponiendo una solución lúdica a la crisis actual. (shrink)

I offer in this paper a contextual analysis of Frege's Grundlagen, section 64. It is surprising that with so much ink spilled on that section, the sources of Frege's discussion of definitions by abstraction have remained elusive. I hope to have filled this gap by providing textual evidence coming from, among other sources, Grassmann, Schlömilch, and the tradition of textbooks in geometry for secondary schools . In addition, I put Frege's considerations in the context of a widespread debate in Germany (...) on ‘directions’ as a central notion in the theory of parallels. (shrink)

In this paper we investigate splitting algebras in varieties of logics, with special consideration for varieties of BL-algebras and similar structures. In the case of the variety of all BL-algebras a complete characterization of the splitting algebras is obtained.

In this paper we investigate splitting algebras in varieties of logics, with special consideration for varieties of BL-algebras and similar structures. In the case of the variety of all BL-algebras a complete characterization of the splitting algebras is obtained.

Automne 1876: Nietzsche, jeune professeur de philologie à Bâle, brillant élève de Ritschl, part pour Sorrente, invité par son amie Malwida von Meysenbug. C'est son premier voyage dans le Sud : une découverte qui va changer sa vie et le cours de sa philosophie. C'en est fini des tentatives de renouveler la culture allemande au nom de la cause wagnérienne ; l'auteur de La Naissance de la tragédie (1872) commence sa mue. Paolo D'Iorio dresse la carte de cette métamorphose (...) : lectures et discussions, promenades, explorations des environs avec son ami Paul Rée et l'étudiant Albert Brenner ; il fait revivre cette sociabilité joyeuse et confiante qui fertilise l'élan créateur de Nietzsche. C'est à Sorrente que Nietzsche entreprend la rédaction de Choses humaines, trop humaines, dédié à Voltaire. Cette oeuvre, la première sous forme d'aphorismes, inaugure sa philosophie de la maturité. La rupture avec Wagner qu'il verra alors pour la dernière fois, est intellectuellement consommée bien qu'encore cachée. A la suite de ce voyage, Nietzsche abandonnera sa chaire bâloise et entamera une existence de philosophe sous le signe du Midi entre la Suisse, la France et l'Italie. (shrink)

A differenza dell'età moderna e contemporanea, nell'antichità e nel Medioevo, moltissimi sono stati i commenti che hanno avuto il valore di testi filosofici fondamentali, vere e proprie pietre miliari nella storia del pensiero. E questo è il caso di Alessandro di Afrodisia e del commento che qui si presenta, per la prima volta tradotto in italiano, al De Anima di Aristotele. L'opera di Alessandro ebbe un'enorme influenza sul pensiero del Medioevo e del Rinascimento e per questo motivo, oltre ad essere (...) un passaggio obbligato per la conoscenza della filosofia antica e tardoantica, essa può interessare anche studiosi e studenti della filosofia di queste due età più recenti. (shrink)

Current deep neural networks (DNNs) are far from being able to model the rich landscape of human visual experience. Beyond visual recognition, we explore the neural substrates of visual mental imagery and other visual experiences. Rather than shared visual representations, temporal dynamics and functional connectivity of the process are essential. Generative adversarial networks may drive future developments in simulating human visual experience.

We associate with any abstract logic L a family F(L) consisting, intuitively, of the limit ultrapowers which are complete extensions in the sense of L. For every countably generated [ω, ω]-compact logic L, our main applications are: (i) Elementary classes of L can be characterized in terms of $\equiv_L$ only. (ii) If U and B are countable models of a countable superstable theory without the finite cover property, then $\mathfrak{U} \equiv_L \mathfrak{B}$ . (iii) There exists the "largest" logic M such (...) that complete extensions in the sense of M and L are the same; moreover M is still [ω,ω]-compact and satisfies an interpolation property stronger than unrelativized ▵-closure. (iv) If L = L ωω(Q α ) , then $\operatorname{cf}(\omega_\alpha) > \omega$ and $\lambda^\omega for all $\lambda . We also prove that no proper extension of L ωω generated by monadic quantifiers is compact. This strengthens a theorem of Makowsky and Shelah. We solve a problem of Makowsky concerning L κλ -compact cardinals. We partially solve a problem of Makowsky and Shelah concerning the union of compact logics. (shrink)

Scholars of aristotelian political philosophy generally agree that the project of the ideal polis of Politics VII – VIII is strictly linked to Ethics. They disagree however on the nature of the constitution outlined. It is broadly accepted that it is a "polity". In this paper I deal with the topic of aristocracy in aristotelian political thought and I show that, throughout Politics, Aristotle never swerved from the idea of aristocracy as the optimal constitution, where the truly virtuous rule. Finally (...) I argue that the ideal polis of Politics VII – VIII, though it is never explicitly thus termed, is an aristocracy. (shrink)

We develop a method for extending results about ultrafilters into a more general setting. In this paper we shall be mainly concerned with applications to cardinality logics. For example, assumingV=L, Gödel's Axiom of Constructibility, we prove that if λ > ωα then the logic with the quantifier “there existα many” is (λ,λ)-compact if and only if either λ is weakly compact or λ is singular of cofinality<ωα. As a corollary, for every infinite cardinals λ and μ, there exists a (λ,λ)-compact (...) non-(μ,μ)-compact logic if and only if either λ<μ orcfλshrink)

Unilateral neglect stems from a relatively selective impairment of exogenous, or stimulus-related, orienting of attention. This neuropsychological evidence parallels “change blindness” experiments, in which normal individuals lack awareness of salient details in the visual scene as a consequence of their attention being exogenously attracted by a competing event, suggesting that visual consciousness requires the integrity of exogenous orienting of attention.

The homeopathic principle of similitude is not based on the principle of vaccination but on the more general principle of inversion of effects, a widespread medical phenomenon. Based on the systemic networks which play an important role in response to stress, this principle concerns the reorganization of regulation systems, through a coherent response to the medicine. This model is backed by a large number of published studies from our laboratory and others, by toxicological evidence such as the emerging fields of (...) ‘hormesis’, of neuropharmacology, and of systems biology. The immune system is just one example of the possible application of this law of similitude, which constitutes the true ‘heart’ of the homeopathic idea, and again ethically justifies the attempt to apply it to experimental pharmacology. (shrink)

We present some results related to Zilber’s Exponential-Algebraic Closedness Conjecture, showing that various systems of equations involving algebraic operations and certain analytic functions admit solutions in the complex numbers. These results are inspired by Zilber’s theorems on raising to powers.We show that algebraic varieties which split as a product of a linear subspace of an additive group and an algebraic subvariety of a multiplicative group intersect the graph of the exponential function, provided that they satisfy Zilber’s freeness and rotundity conditions, (...) using techniques from tropical geometry.We then move on to prove a similar theorem, establishing that varieties which split as a product of a linear subspace and a subvariety of an abelian variety A intersect the graph of the exponential map of A (again under the analogues of the freeness and rotundity conditions). The proof uses homology and cohomology of manifolds.Finally, we show that the graph of the modular j-function intersects varieties which satisfy freeness and broadness and split as a product of a Möbius subvariety of a power of the upper-half plane and a complex algebraic variety, using Ratner’s orbit closure theorem to study the images under j of Möbius varieties.Abstract prepared by Francesco Paolo GallinaroE-mail: [email protected]: https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/31077/. (shrink)

Most of the work in default logic is about default theories that are completely specified. In this category are the proposals of appropriate semantics for default logic, the characterizations of the complexity of reasoning with a default theory, the algorithms for finding consequences of default theories, etc. Relatively little attention has been paid to the process of building a default theory, and most of the work on this topic is about translating knowledge bases from other formalisms (such as circumscription, autoepistemic (...) logic, and action description languages) into default logic. This paper is about expressing knowledge in default logic. In particular, we assume that defaults are initially formulated as normal, and are then corrected using specific inference examples. (shrink)

We use Shelah's theory of possible cofinalities in order to solve some problems about ultrafilters. Theorem: Suppose that $\lambda$ is a singular cardinal, $\lambda ' \lessthan \lambda$, and the ultrafilter $D$ is $\kappa$ -decomposable for all regular cardinals $\kappa$ with $\lambda '\lessthan \kappa \lessthan \lambda$. Then $D$ is either $\lambda$-decomposable or $\lambda ^+$-decomposable. Corollary: If $\lambda$ is a singular cardinal, then an ultrafilter is ($\lambda$,$\lambda$)-regular if and only if it is either $\operator{cf} \lambda$-decomposable or $\lambda^+$-decomposable. We also give applications to (...) topological spaces and to abstract logics. (shrink)

We prove, in ZFC alone, some new results on regularity and decomposability of ultrafilters; among them: If m ≥ 1 and the ultrafilter D is , equation imagem)-regular, then D is κ -decomposable for some κ with λ ≤ κ ≤ 2λ ). If λ is a strong limit cardinal and D is , equation imagem)-regular, then either D is -regular or there are arbitrarily large κ < λ for which D is κ -decomposable ). Suppose that λ is singular, (...) λ < κ, cf κ ≠ cf λ and D is -regular. Then: D is either -regular, or -regular for some λ' < λ . If κ is regular, then D is either -regular, or -regular for every κ' < κ . If either λ is a strong limit cardinal and λ<λ < 2κ, or λ<λ < κ, then D is either λ -decomposable, or -regular for some λ' < λ . If λ is singular, D is -regular and there are arbitrarily large ν < λ for which D is ν -decomposable, then D is κ -decomposable for some κ with λ ≤ κ ≤ λ<μ . D × D' is -regular if and only if there is a ν such that D is -regular and D' is -regular for all ν∼ < ν .We also list some problems, and furnish applications to topological spaces and to extended logics. (shrink)