Humans have engaged in artistic and aesthetic activities since the appearance of our species. Our ancestors have decorated their bodies, tools, and utensils for over 100,000 years. The expression of meaning using color, line, sound, rhythm, or movement, among other means, constitutes a fundamental aspect of our species' biological and cultural heritage. Art and aesthetics, therefore, contribute to our species identity and distinguish it from its living and extinct relatives. Science is faced with the challenge of explaining the natural foundations (...) of such a unique trait, and the way cultural processes nurture it into magnificent expressions, historically and ethnically unique. How do the human mind and brain bring about these sorts of behaviors? What psychological and neural processes underlie the appreciation of painting, music, and dance? How does training modulate these processes? Are humans the only species capable of aesthetic appreciation, or are other species endowed with the rudiments of this capacity? Empirical examinations of such questions have a long and rich history in the discipline of psychology, the genesis of which can be traced back to the publication of Gustav Theodor Fechner's Vorschule der Aesthetik in 1876, making it the second oldest branch in experimental psychology. The Oxford Handbook of Empirical Aesthetics brings together leading experts in psychology, neuroimaging, art history, and philosophy to answer these questions. It provides the most comprehensive coverage of the domain of empirical aesthetics to date. With sections on visual art, dance, music, and many other art forms and aesthetic phenomena, the breadth of this volume's scope reflects the richness and variety of topics and methods currently used today by scientists to understand the way our mind and brain endow us with the faculty to produce and appreciate art and aesthetics. (shrink)

This edited volume explores the different and seminal ways colours matter to philosophy. Each chapter provides an insightful analysis of one or more cases in which colours raise philosophical problems in different areas and periods of philosophy. This historically informed discussion examines both logical and linguistic aspects, covering such areas as the mind, aesthetics and the foundations of mathematics. The international contributors look at traditional epistemological and metaphysical issues on the subjectivity and objectivity of colours. In addition, they also assess (...) phenomenological problems typical of the continental tradition and contemporary problems in the philosophy of mind. The chapters include coverage of such topics as Newton’s and Goethe’s theory of light and colours, how primary qualities are qualitative and colours are primary, explaining colour phenomenology, and colour in cognition, language and philosophy. "This book beautifully prepares the ground for the next steps in our research on and philosophising about colour" Daniel D. Hutto "It is not an overstatement to say that How Colours to Philosophy is a ground breaking publication" Mazviita Chirimuuta "Anyone interested in philosophical issues about color will find it highly stimulating." Martine Nida-Rümelin "The high quality papers included in this anthology succeed admirably in enriching current philosophical thinking about colour” Erik Myin “This is certainly the most complete collection of philosophical essays on colours ever published” André Leclerc “All in all this collections represents a new milestone in the ongoing philosophical debate on colours and colour expressions” Ingolf Max. (shrink)

Leonardo Polo's trascendental Anthropology is based on the absolute distinction between the Man's act of being and the Universe's act of being; according to it, therefore, we can talk about a new aproach dealing with an Anthropological theory about learning able to solve the typical paradoxes about the relationship between free learning and human development, inherent in psychological theories, and at the same time able to show the ethical dimension always present in learning.

Milton Hatoum was born in 1952 in Manaus. His family was Lebanese. He studied architecture at São Paulo University and literature in Barcelone and Paris. He is a French literature professor at Amazonas University. His two novels: Relato de um certo Oriente (1989) and Dois Irmãos (2000), won the pr..

This paper is the result of some partial research done under the title Daily education, pedagogy and the environment: constructing an ecological perspective of education, where the ethnography of pedagogical practice is one of the principal components. The pedagogical proposal is framed within the t..

The purpose of this descriptive and exploratory study was to measure the perceptions regarding a variety of science, technology, and society (STS) topics among a sample of Uruguay underclassmen college students. These perceptions were compared with the viewpoints of a group of professional scientists. It was found that, for some STS topics, such as the role of humans in global climate change, the perceptions of Uruguay underclassmen and scientists were statistically identical. For topics, such as the problem of human overpopulation, (...) both groups find themselves on the same side of the issue but with a statistically significant gap between them. Uruguay underclassmen and professional scientists have opposite views on STS topics such as the use of animals for scientific research. A sizable proportion of Uruguay underclassmen were not familiar with several STS topics, such as the scientific work of the International Space Station. Implications for formal and informal STEM education efforts are discussed. (shrink)

Although ethical decision‐making theory has evolved over the years, within the field of management, research still revolves around James Rest’s (1986) four‐step framework, dominated by a positivist epistemology and a quantitative methodology. Given that currently there is a call for a theoretical, epistemological, and methodological renovation for the enlargement and enrichment of knowledge about how decisions are morally made in organizations, this paper has a double aim. First, by showing the models’ main flaws and limitations, it critically assesses the prominent (...) theoretical models of Rest, Trevino, and Jones. Then, for decision making in organizations, the paper aims to posit a fresh moral theory that addresses the phenomenon from a comprehensive epistemological perspective. To do so, it steps back from those prominent models in order to review John Dewey’s “theory of moral life.” At the core of the proposed comprehensive theoretical framework are Dewey’s concepts of a “moral standard” and “valuation.” Finally, the paper shows how the Dewey‐based framework can both overcome the flaws and limitations that are identified in those prominent models and can enrich empirical research, therefore contributing to developing as a whole the ethical decision‐making field. (shrink)

The Routledge International Handbook of Neuroaesthetics is an authoritative reference work that provides the reader with a wide-ranging introduction to this exciting new scientific discipline. The book brings together leading international academics to offer a well-balanced overview of this burgeoning field while addressing two questions central to the field; how the brain computes aesthetic appreciation for sensory objects, and how is art created and experienced.

Este artigo tem como objetivo resgatar o Brasil de Darwin por meio das obras dos pintores viajantes Augustus Earle (1793-1838) e Conrad Martens (1801-1878). Os locais por onde passou, a beleza da floresta tropical, os horrores do sistema escravista narrados por Darwin em seu diário, estão presentes nas aquarelas desses dois artistas, cujo papel a bordo do Beagle foi o de relatar, através da arte visual, as experiências vividas durante o levantamento geográfico da Terra do fogo e da costa sul (...) da América do Sul, sob o comando do capitão Robert FitzRoy (1805-1865). (shrink)

“In the ‘interdisciplinary materialism’ theorized by Max Horkheimer and practiced by the critical-theoretical consortium of the 1930s, the critique of political economy worked both as a more general model for the critique of available knowledge and as the focal point for different disciplinary approaches. In such a constellation, the internal connection between the critical attitude and the critique of political economy also meant that ‘theory’ was the result of ‘critique’, having the critique of political economy as its model. These two (...) claims converge in that ‘theory’ was the same as producing critical diagnoses of the present time, Critical Theory’s most eminent task. Such a characterization of this first figure of Critical Theory allow us to see that the decline of the critique of political economy as a common language for collaboration from the 1940s on gave rise to a long-lasting dispute about its best substitute as the common ground for interdisciplinary research. Until today this dispute over the ‘best theory’ in the critical-theoretical field not only overshadows its most eminent aim but also threatens to blur the very distinction between Critical and Traditional contributions.”. (shrink)

O presente artigo tem por finalidade ensaiar uma reflexão sobre a aporia imposta pela catástrofe. Para isso, inicialmente, apresenta-se alguns dados de catástrofes a serem tomadas como exemplares: a cheia no Vale do Taquari (RS) e a seca nos rios da bacia amazônica (AM). A seguir, busca-se pensar a questão da catástrofe desde seu índice temporal, e para isso, se recorrerá a duas propostas: de Jean-Pierre Dupuy e de Alain Brossat. Intentou-se outra alternativa, ainda que não exclusiva: a de enfatizar (...) a espacialidade da catástrofe, sem necessariamente perder de vista sua temporalidade, mas de algum modo subordinando-a àquela do espaço, do local da catástrofe, evidenciando como a catástrofe pode ser tomada como questão biopolítica. Por fim, apoiando-se nessa correlação espaço-temporal da catástrofe, e tomando por apoio o terremoto no Haiti em 2010, ensaia-se algum pensamento que busca realocar a relação entre local e global/universal e, assim, subvertendo a lógica biopolítica de sua governamentalidade. (shrink)

O texto apresenta uma discussão da tese da neutralidade da ciência, tomando como ponto de partida algumas formulações dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais. A neutralidade é analisada em três componentes: a imparcialidade, a neutralidade aplicada e a neutralidade cognitiva. Procura-se mostrar que, para não se cair no relativismo, a imparcialidade deve ser mantida, mas a neutralidade aplicada não se sustenta, nem como fato nem como valor.

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as raízes do fenômeno da técnica e suas implicações na contemporaneidade ou no mundo da Cibercultura, com seus paradoxos e conflitos. No entanto, só é possível tal análise se enveredarmos pela história do desenvolvimento da tecnologia através de uma filosofia da técnica. Concluímos que o processo técnico de criação é inerente ao próprio homem, pois o mesmo transforma a natureza e a si mesmo, chegando aos dias atuais a uma interação global de conhecimentos (...) aperfeiçoados ao longo do tempo. (shrink)

Obituario por la pérdida de un compañero.

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma compreensão daseinsanalítica do ser-nomundo do adolescente Christopher, protagonista do romance O Estranho Caso do Cachorro Morto, explicitando as relações do personagem com as pessoas de seu mundo. Partindo do diagnóstico de Transtorno de Asperger, demonst..

A proposta do presente trabalho é analisar desde uma perspectiva antropológica a decisão vocacional entre seminaristas catarinenses. O trabalho de campo através da “objetivação participante” foi desenvolvido no Seminário Filosófico de Santa Catarina, e ampliado para ex-seminaristas, estagiários e padres. Analisando discursos e práticas foi possível perceber como que o despertar da vocação e as decisões implicadas na caminhada vocacional estão relacionados às condições históricas, econômicas e sociais. O primeiro capítulo resgata a história da implantação das dioceses e seminários no (...) Brasil, especificamente em Santa Catarina, possibilitando perceber como que a estrutura da Igreja Católica, em diálogo com as estruturas sociais, condiciona determinados tipos de recrutamento e de representações sobre a vocação sacerdotal. Considerando a multiplicação no número de padres nas últimas três décadas, buscou-se compreender algumas estratégias da Igreja para manter e reproduzir o corpo clerical, principalmente em relação ao papel da família, dos padres e dos coroinhas no processo do despertar e do recrutamento para o seminário. O segundo capítulo explora como aspectos econômicos estão presentes durante o processo de formação dos seminaristas destacando a importância da família, paróquias, comunidades e madrinhas para manter financeiramente o candidato ao sacerdócio. A análise indica como que estes jovens se envolvem num sistema de trocas para manutenção financeira, aonde a dialética de “dar, receber e retribuir” é fundamental para a decisão na caminhada vocacional. Por fim, o terceiro capítulo expõe como a experiência religiosa do sujeito subjaz às representações da vocação e possibilitam compreender a relação entre estruturas postas e a capacidade inventiva dos sujeitos envolvidos no processo de inculcação da vocação. (shrink)

Review of Venturinha, Nuno : The Textual Genesis of Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations. Routledge: New York, 2013.

Resenha do livro VEIGA, Rychelmy Imbiriba. Um menino da Bahia: em busca de Pai Procópio de Ogunjá. 2ª ed. Salvador: Vento Leste, 2021. 148 p.

Here, the logical behaviour of negation in Wittgenstein's Tractatus is compared with Demos' account of denial. Even if we hold negation as a pure syntactical device, at least in some context, it brings a handful of complex semantic information – potentially an infinite amount. We advocate then the existence of at least two negations due to the existence of two different and non-reducible types of exclusion. The first negation is a Tractarian and classical one, based on the notion of contradiction, (...) whereas the second is a non-classical negation, based on the notion of contrariety. (shrink)

In this article, I address a controversial aspect of Rawls’s treatment of the question of justice between generations: how the parties in the original position could be motivated to select Rawls’s preferred principle of intergenerational savings, which he dubs the just savings principle. I focus on the explanation found in his later work, where he proposes that the correct savings principle is the principle that any generation would have wanted preceding generations to have followed. By expanding upon this explanation, I (...) respond to the objection that this explanation disregards the perspective of the first generation. I demonstrate that this objection ceases to be a concern when a proper account of the parties’ reasoning is developed. What is notable about the explanation I defend is that it relies on the parties adopting maximax – not maximin – as a rule for rational decision making. Having established this intermediary conclusion, I depart with Rawls and consider what savings principle the parties would choose if given more options. Ultimately, I argue that the parties would select a principle that Rawls would have undoubtedly rejected if presented to him at face value. This is because the principle of savings I argue would be selected requires continual economic growth over generations to increase upwards indefinitely – a conclusion Rawls is explicitly trying to avoid in his theory of justice. (shrink)

Este trabajo se inserta en la discusión sobre la filosofía de la mente de Spinoza, específicamente en torno a si ofrece o no una teoría de la consciencia. Sostenemos que sí lo hace y que se explica a través de la articulación de varios conceptos según una particular lectura del llamado «paralelismo». Procedemos de la siguiente manera. Primero ofrecemos una caracterización preliminar de definición spinoziana de mente. Entonces damos una interpretación de la ontología. Por último, aplicamos esta lectura a la (...) relación mente-cuerpo, deteniéndonos en la física, las ideas de ideas y el conatus. (shrink)

This book presents and discusses the varying and seminal role which colour plays in the development of Wittgenstein’s philosophy. Having once said that “Colours spur us to philosophize”, the theme of colour was one to which Wittgenstein returned constantly throughout his career. Ranging from his Notebooks, 1914-1916 and the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus to the posthumously published Remarks on Colours and On Certainty, this book explores how both his view of philosophical problems generally and his view on colours specifically changed considerably over (...) time. Paying particular attention to his so-called intermediary period, it takes a case-based approach to the presentation of colour in texts from this period, from Some Remarks on Logical Form and Philosophical Remarks to his Big Typescript. (shrink)