The aims of this paper are twofold. First, I offer a new insight into Shepherd’s theory of mind by demonstrating that she distinguishes a threefold ‘Variety of Intellect’, that is, three kinds of minds grouped according to their cognitive limitations. Following Shepherd, I call them (i) minds afflicted with idiocy, (ii) inferior understandings, and (iii) sound understandings. Second, I show how Shepherd’s distinction informs her theory of education. While Shepherd claims that her views serve to improve educational practices, she does (...) not explain how her threefold ‘Variety of intellect’ does so. I argue that Shepherd’s distinction contributes to her aim by providing pedagogues with a more comprehensive grasp of the various cognitive limitations of the people in their care. This allows the former to adjust their expectations and to provide need-oriented guidance. (shrink)

Desde un primer momento España pretendió justificar la conquista y ocupación de América. De todos los posibles títulos que se podían aducir en los albores del siglo XVI, los españoles optaron por poner en primer lugar la “donación pontificia” (bulas alejandrinas). De modo que en este artículo intentaremos exponer los fundamentos doctrinales de esta donación papal. En la práctica se generó una preocupación (controversia) por la situación material y espiritual en la que vivían los indios que desembocó en los planteamientos (...) del Maestro Francisco Vitoria que acertó a plantear en los términos exactos el problema de América. (shrink)

In recent decades, Total Quality Management (TQM) has become an important phenomenon in the world of business, but the implications and scope of quality programs are quite different everywhere. Since different explanations have been given, most authors agree that management commitment and leadership are indispensable elements for a successful TQM implementation. Nevertheless, the study of the literature reflects a terminological confusion on this point. The authors of this paper argue that commitment and leadership are not synonymous terms.While committed managers may (...) lead the process of quality using exclusively their formal authority, those who are leaders generate a kind of influence that goes further than that. This paper suggests a multidimensional perception of leadership and upholds that only by considering the ethical dimension of leadership, together with technical and psycho-emotive ones, it is possible to explain more accurately interpersonal influences beyond the scope of power. As an illustrative example of the importance of considering each dimensions, the authors present two case studies of TQM implementation. (shrink)

La expresión “arte cristiano” encierra en sí una contrariedad si se considera que Jesús de Nazaret no apuntó nada sobre la creación artística. Tampoco podemos rastrear en el anuncio de la Buena Noticia ningún hilo que nos conduzca hacia un culto que necesitara la contribución de las “artes plásticas”. Cristo predijo un culto al Padre “en espíritu y en verdad” (Jn 4,23). Los primeros cristianos fueron fieles a este espiritualismo trascendente judaico, pero al mismo tiempo, la fe en la Encarnación (...) del Verbo dio al testimonio de los sentidos un valor fundamental: “el que me ha visto a mí, ha visto al Padre” (Jn 14,9). Nace un conflicto entre la sensibilidad artística y la nueva fe que gira en torno a la necesidad de legitimar el valor estético sin que el espíritu sea traicionado. Plasmar en la figuración una auténtica y sincera confesión de fe. (shrink)

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar, transcribir y contextualizar el texto de las Comunicaciones del obispo Toral, el primer Prelado de Yucatán. Esta es la primera edición completa de este documento importante e interesante para el estudio de la introducción de la Iglesia en América.

This article aims to enhance social technology as a resource that induces education and well-being in maternal and child health, more specifically in contexts of social vulnerability. This is an action research, with social technology characteristics, developed between July/2022 and December/2023, with 17 women (pregnant and postpartum women) from a vulnerable community in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. Based on education in health and in an interprofessional approach, the social technology developed and called “Endowing lives” is the (...) result of demands previously identified, discussed and implemented with the research participants and local health professionals. The social technology developed expanded interprofessional possibilities, promoted preventive health measures and contributed to the empowerment of pregnant and postpartum women in decision-making. (shrink)

Movements for environmental justice ought to engage the powerful mechanisms of change deployed in a Transitional Justice context. There is reason for restraint, however, in calling upon radically disruptive procedures to immediately amend the basic structure of society. I propose a modest expansion of the purview of Transitional Justice to recognize a class of environmental harms severe enough to trigger transitional measures. This class of harms is ecocide as social death, which I define as deliberate, state-sponsored environmental destruction resulting in (...) the annihilation of ways of life intimately connected to the natural world. The article then considers potential criticisms of this framework: its foundation in liberal political theory, its anthropocentrism, and its exclusion of global environmental harms. Despite being anthropocentric, the model offers a means of politically and legally representing the value of the natural world beyond its role as a stock of resources for human consumption. I defend an expressly liberal approach to Transitional Justice that emphasizes the core of the liberal social contract—respect for diversity. (shrink)

The aim of this paper is to offer an alternative explanation to the notorious similitude detected in two ancient treatises on logic, namely, the Liber Peri Hermeneias, attributed to Apuleius of Madaura, and De syllogismo categorico, written by Boethius. Both were enormously authoritative in posterity. I argue that their similitude is due to the presence of an internal division of categorical propositions that Boethius gives in full in his De syllogismo categoricos, and repeats with extensions in his Introductio ad syllogismos (...) categorico. The division outlines the three main parts of the theory: opposition, conversion and syllogism. This leads us to argue that similarity and correspondence of these two ancient logical treatises can be sufficiently explained from this resource, and insufficiently explained by a certain common literary source, which was proposed by Isaac, without clarifying some important dissimilarities and divergences contained in these treatises. Also, our hypothesis does not need to suppose, as Sullivan, that Boethius borrowed from Apuleius. (shrink)

Jean Buridan developed his theory of consequence within a semantical framework compatible with what we now call token-based semantics. In his Treatise on Consequences and Sophismata, Buridan showed...

Recently, research capability has received an overwhelming and remarkable interest among academics and practitioners. This is timely since the Department of Education had institutionalized research and encouraged teachers to engage in it to support evidence-based practice, decision-making, policy, and program development. On these premises, a study was carried out to assess the research capability of public teachers in Malaybalay City, determine its correlates and determinants. It utilized descriptive, correlational, and explanatory designs. It administered survey questionnaires to 92 participants. Data were (...) analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that teachers were slightly capable of conducting research and having neutral attitudes toward it, motivated to write research, had a high level of difficulties in research processes, and moderately capable of action planning. They also show evidence of potential in mentoring. Further, mentoring and action planning skills, motivation to write research, attitudes toward research, and the number of studies completed by teachers were the correlates of their research capability at different magnitudes of the relationship. Notably, the research capability of teachers had a low, negative but significant relationship with their age and accumulated years of service. Thus, this capability deteriorates as they age and accumulate years of service. The motivation to write research, the number of studies completed, and age were the determinants of research capability. It was concluded that research capability can be determined and predicted by how motivated teachers are to write research, how productive they are in research, and how young they are when they engage in this rigorous endeavor. The study identified and recommended topics for continuing professional development. (shrink)

Conjectures to Chariton of Aphrodisias. Legendum: 1.1.12-13 νυμφαγωγη̃σαι, 1.1.15 άπέλιπεν, 1.1.15 bis προσδραμών αύτη̃, 1.7.1 έκ Λυκίας, 1.7.6 ενθεμένους, 2.4.3 ὓπνον μέν οὐκ έλάμβανεν, 2.4.7 τις, 2.5.7 „αἰτου̃μαι..., 3.2.3 τις, 3.6.7 τις, 3.9.2 ὥσπερ έμμανής γενομένη, στήσασα, 4.3.4-5,,Χαιρέαν λέγεις τὸν φίλον;",, " εἶπεν ό Πολύχαρμος, 4.6.7 οὖν καί σκότος.

L'historiographie des paradoxes ensemblistes attribue classiquement la "découverte" du paradoxe du plus grand ordinal au mathématicien italien Burali-Forti. Un examen attentif de ses démonstration et revirement révèle qu'il n'en est rien. Nous tenterons de dégager l'impact de la publication des Principles de Russell sur la constitution de cette version historiographique officielle, avant d'aborder la question de la définition des paradoxes et ce qui peut en motiver une conception restrictive.