Results for 'History of technology, technological change'

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  1.  31
    What Does the History of Technology Regulation Teach Us about Nano Oversight?Gary E. Marchant, Douglas J. Sylvester & Kenneth W. Abbott - 2009 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 37 (4):724-731.
    As policy makers struggle to develop regulatory oversight models for nanotechnologies, there are important lessons that can be drawn from previous attempts to govern other emerging technologies. Five such lessons are the following: public confidence and trust in a technology and its regulatory oversight is probably the most important factor for the commercial success of a technology; regulation should avoid discriminating against particular technologies unless there is a scientifically based rationale for the disparate treatment; regulatory systems need to be flexible (...)
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  2. Human brain evolution, theories of innovation, and lessons from the history of technology.Alfred Gierer - 2004 - J. Biosci 29 (3):235-244.
    Biological evolution and technological innovation, while differing in many respects, also share common features. In particular, implementation of a new technology in the market is analogous to the spreading of a new genetic trait in a population. Technological innovation may occur either through the accumulation of quantitative changes, as in the development of the ocean clipper, or it may be initiated by a new combination of features or subsystems, as in the case of steamships. Other examples of the (...)
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  3.  10
    The Nature of Technological Knowledge. Are Models of Scientific Change Relevant?Rachel Laudan - 1984 - Springer Verlag.
    One of the ironies of our time is the sparsity of useful analytic tools for understanding change and development within technology itself. For all the diatribes about the disastrous effects of technology on modern life, for all the equally uncritical paeans to technology as the panacea for human ills, the vociferous pro- and anti-technology movements have failed to illuminate the nature of technology. On a more scholarly level, in the midst of claims by Marxists and non-Marxists alike about the (...)
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  4.  9
    Technological Change: Methods and Themes in the History of Technology. Robert Fox.Robert C. Post - 1998 - Isis 89 (3):525-526.
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  5.  20
    The Social Shaping of Technology.Donald A. MacKenzie & Judy Wajcman - 1999 - Guilford Press.
    Technological change is often seen as something that follows its own logic -- something we may welcome, or about which we may protest, but which we are unable to alter fundamentally. This reader challenges that assumption and its distinguished contributors demonstrate that technology is affected at a fundamental level by the social context in which it develops. General arguments are introduced about the relation of technology to society and different types of technology are examined: the technology of production: (...)
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  6.  10
    A Material History of Electroshock Therapy: Electroshock Technology in Europe until 1945.Sascha Lang & Lara Rzesnitzek - 2016 - NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 24 (3):251-277.
    The article considers the history of electroshock therapy as a history of medical technology, professional cooperation and business competition. A variation of a history from below is intended; though not from the patients’ perspective (Porter, Theory Soc 14:175–198, 1985), but with a focus on electrodes, circuitry and patents. Such a ‘material history’ of electroshock therapy reveals that the technical make-up of electroshock devices and what they were used for was relative to the changing interests of physicians, (...)
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  7.  7
    Philosophy of technology by Andrei Platonov: ideas and images in the space of mutual interpretation.A. A. Antipov - 2017 - Liberal Arts in Russia 6 (2):145-153.
    In the article, the development of the basic ideas of the philosophy of technology and literary text, exemplified by the work of A. Platonov is discussed. Mutual interpretation of philosophical and literary texts constitutes unity that has value both in the semantic and methodological sense. Philosophy reveals the meaning behind the metaphor and literature enriches the philosophical theory that gives rise to new results in understanding of the problem. According to the terminology by Max Weber, the imposition of philosophy on (...)
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  8.  6
    Technological Change: Methods and Themes in the History of Technology by Robert Fox. [REVIEW]Robert Post - 1998 - Isis 89:525-526.
  9.  7
    Robert fox , technological change: Methods and themes in the history of technology. Amsterdam: Harwood academic publishers, 1996. Pp. VII+271. Isbn 3-7186-5792-9. £36.00, $54.00. [REVIEW]Colin Divall - 1998 - British Journal for the History of Science 31 (2):241-250.
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  10. Macroevolution of Technology.Leonid Grinin & Anton Grinin - 2013 - Evolution: Development Within Different Paradigms 6 (11):143-178.
    What determines the transition of a society from one level of development to another? One of the most fundamental causes is the global technological transformations. Among all major technological breakthroughs in history the most important are the three production revolutions: 1) the Agrarian Revolution; 2) the Industrial Revolution and 3) the Scientific-Information Revolution which will transform into the Cybernetic one. The article introduces the Theory of Production Revolutions. This is a new explanatory paradigm which is of value (...)
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  11.  26
    Sketching Together the Modern Histories of Science, Technology, and Medicine.John V. Pickstone - 2011 - Isis 102 (1):123-133.
    ABSTRACT This essay explores ways to “write together” the awkwardly jointed histories of “science” and “medicine”—but it also includes other “arts” (in the old sense) and technologies. It draws especially on the historiography of medicine, but I try to use terms that are applicable across all of science, technology, and medicine (STM). I stress the variety of knowledges and practices in play at any time and the ways in which the ensembles change. I focus on the various relations of (...)
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  12.  11
    Pedagogical Orientations and Evolving Responsibilities of Technological Universities: A Literature Review of the History of Engineering Education.Diana Adela Martin, Gunter Bombaerts, Maja Horst, Kyriaki Papageorgiou & Gianluigi Viscusi - 2023 - Science and Engineering Ethics 29 (6):1-29.
    Current societal changes and challenges demand a broader role of technological universities, thus opening the question of how their role evolved over time and how to frame their current responsibility. In response to urgent calls for debating and redefining the identity of contemporary technological universities, this paper has two aims. The first aim is to identify the key characteristics and orientations marking the development of technological universities, as recorded in the history of engineering education. The second (...)
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  13.  3
    Reuniting History and Sociology Through Research on Technological Change.Rudi Volti - 2003 - Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 23 (6):459-464.
    Scholarly pursuits of the topics encompassed by science, technology, and society (STS) provide many opportunities to combine sociology with history. This article notes some of the reasons why sociology has tended to ignore history but asserts that scholarly explorations of STS topics, and in particular the study of technological change, provide many opportunities for engagements with history. A number of research issues are presented that focus on such topics as the rise of the nation-state, changes (...)
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  14. Part IV. Shared challenges to governance. The information challenge to democratic elections / excerpt: from "What is to be done? Safeguarding democratic governance in the age of network platforms" by Niall Ferguson ; Governing over diversity in a time of technological change / excerpt: from "Unlocking the power of technology for better governance" by Jeb Bush ; Demography and migration / excerpt: from "How will demographic transformations affect democracy in the coming decades?" by Jack A. Goldstone and Larry Diamond ; Health and the changing environment / excerpt: from "Global warming: causes and consequences" by Lucy Shapiro and Harley McAdams ; excerpt: from "Health technology and climate change" by Stephen R. Quake ; Emerging technology and nuclear nonproliferation. [REVIEW]Excerpt: From "Nuclear Nonproliferation: Steps for the Twenty-First Century" by Ernest J. Moniz - 2020 - In George P. Shultz (ed.), A hinge of history: governance in an emerging new world. Stanford, California: Hoover Institution Press, Stanford University.
  15.  9
    Man at the centre of technology. A philosophical investigation of anthropological knowledge in man-machine-interfaces.Kevin Liggieri - 2023 - Aoristo - International Journal of Phenomenology, Hermeneutics and Metaphysics 3 (2):82-98.
    The paper aims to examine the construction, circulation, and transformation of knowledge about man (anthropological knowledge) in human-technology interaction in the 20th century. The analysis focuses on the prerequisites of the industrial working world and its implicit knowledge about human beings. However, the basis and starting point of technical adaptation is usually ignored: The concepts of “man” and the anthropological knowledge gained experimentally from a anthropocentric designed interface. Based on the concept of an intuitive interface design this problem will be (...)
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  16.  9
    New Directions in the Philosophy of Technology.Joseph C. Pitt - 1995 - Springer Verlag.
    In this collection we finally find the philosophy of technology, a young and rapidly developing area of scholarly interest, making contact with history of science and technology, and mainstream epistemological and metaphysical issues. The sophistication of these papers indicates the maturity of the field as it moves away from the advocacy of anti-technology ideological posturing toward a deeper understanding of the options and restraints technological developments provide. The papers presented here take us over a threshold into the real (...)
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  17.  26
    The New Prometheans: Technological Optimism in Climate Change Mitigation Modelling.Michael Keary - 2016 - Environmental Values 25 (1):7-28.
    Technological change modelling (TCM) is quietly transforming the landscape of environmental debate. It provides a powerful new basis for technological optimism, which has long been a key battleground. The technique is at the heart of mainstream climate change mitigation policies and greatly strengthens environmentalism over ecologism. It seems to show that technological change can solve the problem. I argue that the models employ a flawed understanding of technological change and that policies based (...)
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  18.  32
    The Mind Technology Problem and the Deep History of Mind Design.Robert W. Clowes, Klaus Gärtner & Inês Hipólito - 2021 - In Inês Hipólito, Robert William Clowes & Klaus Gärtner (eds.), The Mind-Technology Problem : Investigating Minds, Selves and 21st Century Artefacts. Springer Verlag. pp. 1-45.
    We are living through a new phase in human development where much of everyday life – at least in the most technologically developed parts of the world – has come to depend upon our interaction with “smart” artefacts. Alongside this increasing adoption and ever-deepening reliance on intelligent machines, important changes have been taking place, often in the background, as to how we think of ourselves and how we conceptualize our relationship with technology. As we design, create and learn to live (...)
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  19.  55
    Radical Philosophy of Technology.Andrew Feenberg - 2009 - Radical Philosophy Review 12 (1-2):199-217.
    The most effective way to silence criticism is a justification on the very terms of the likely critique. When an action is rationally justified, how can reason deny its legitimacy? This paper concerns critical strategies that have been employed for addressing the resistance of rationality to rational critique especially with respectto technology. Foucault addressed this problem in his theory of power/knowledge. This paper explores Marx’s anticipation of that approach in his critique of the “social rationality” of the market and technology. (...)
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  20.  21
    Radical Philosophy of Technology.Andrew Feenberg - 2009 - Radical Philosophy Review 12 (1-2):199-217.
    The most effective way to silence criticism is a justification on the very terms of the likely critique. When an action is rationally justified, how can reason deny its legitimacy? This paper concerns critical strategies that have been employed for addressing the resistance of rationality to rational critique especially with respectto technology. Foucault addressed this problem in his theory of power/knowledge. This paper explores Marx’s anticipation of that approach in his critique of the “social rationality” of the market and technology. (...)
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  21. The changing significance of chance experiments in technological development.Matthias Adam - manuscript
    Industrial drug design methodology has undergone remarkable changes in the recent history. Up to the 1970s, the screening of large numbers of randomly selected substances in biological test system was often a crucial step in the development of novel drugs. From the early 1980s, such ‘blind’ screening was increasingly rejected by many pharmaceutical researchers and gave way to ‘rational drug design’, a method that grounds the design of new drugs on a detailed mechanistic understanding of the drug action. Surprisingly, (...)
     
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  22.  19
    The Anthropocene: A Challenge for the History of Science, Technology, and the Environment.Helmuth Trischler - 2016 - NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 24 (3):309-335.
    In 2000, when atmospheric chemist Paul J. Crutzen and limnologist Eugene F. Stoermer proposed to introduce a new geological era, the Anthropocene, they could not have foreseen the remarkable career of the new term. Within a few years, the geological community began to investigate the scientific evidence for the concept and established the Anthropocene Working Group. While the Working Group has started to examine possible markers and periodizations of the new epoch, scholars from numerous other disciplines have taken up the (...)
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  23.  19
    A teachable element: chlorine as a touchstone for science studies: Hasok Chang and Catherine Jackson : An element of controversy: the life of chlorine in science, medicine, technology and war. British Society for the History of Science, 2007, ix + 407 pp, £15.00 PB. [REVIEW]Carmen Giunta - 2010 - Metascience 19 (1):79-82.
  24.  31
    The vital machine: a study of technology and organic life.David F. Channell - 1991 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    In 1738, Jacques Vaucanson unveiled his masterpiece before the court of Louis XV: a gilded copper duck that ate, drank, quacked, flapped its wings, splashed about, and, most astonishing of all, digested its food and excreted the remains. The imitation of life by technology fascinated Vaucanson's contemporaries. Today our technology is more powerful, but our fascination is tempered with apprehension. Artificial intelligence and genetic engineering, to name just two areas, raise profoundly disturbing ethical issues that undermine our most fundamental beliefs (...)
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  25.  6
    Social Change in the History of British Education.Joyce Goodman, Gary McCulloch & William Richardson (eds.) - 2008 - Routledge.
    This work provides an overall review and analysis of the history of education and of its key research priorities in the British context. It investigates the extent to which education has contributed historically to social change in Britain, how it has itself been moulded by society, and the needs and opportunities that remain for further research in this general area. Contributors review the strengths and limitations of the historical literature on social change in British education over the (...)
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  26.  21
    The role of technology in enhancing low resource agriculture in Africa.Bruce J. Horwith, Phyllis N. Windle, Edward F. MacDonald, J. Kathy Parker, Allen M. Ruby & Chris Elfring - 1989 - Agriculture and Human Values 6 (3):68-84.
    Traditional forms of farming, herding, and fishing are remarkably adapted to African conditions but these traditional approaches are being overtaken by modern pressures, particularly population growth. According to a report published by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA), a nonpartisan analytical support agency of the U. S. Congress, one promising way to help African farmers and herders would be for development assistance organizations to focus more attention on the various forms of low-resource agriculture that predominate in Africa.In keeping with OTA's (...)
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  27.  23
    A history of formal logic.Jozef Maria Bocheński - 1961 - Notre Dame, Ind.,: University of Notre Dame Press.
    Excerpt from A History of Formal Logic In this edition of the most considerable history Of formal logic yet published, the Opportunity has Of course been taken to make some adjustments seen to be necessary in the original, with the author's full concurrence. Only in 36, however, has the numeration of cited passages been altered owing to the introduction of new matter. Those changes are as follows. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and (...)
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  28.  22
    Essay Review: Technological Change on the Grand Scale: The Unbound Prometheus: Technological Change and Industrial Development in Western Europe from 1750 to the PresentThe Unbound Prometheus: Technological Change and Industrial Development in Western Europe from 1750 to the Present. LandesDavid S. . Pp. ix + 566. Paper £1.25.Peter Mathias - 1971 - History of Science 10 (1):113-117.
  29.  6
    The Responsibilities of the Science Technology and the Ethics of the Climate Changes. 변순용 - 2010 - THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN PHILOSOPHICAL HISTORY 28:7-34.
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  30.  9
    Essay Review: Technology and History: Medieval Technology and Social ChangeMedieval Technology and Social Change. WhiteLynnJr. . Pp. xli + 194. 30s.R. W. Southern - 1963 - History of Science 2 (1):130-135.
  31.  31
    Svante Lindqvist. Changes in the Technological Landscape: Essays in the History of Science and Technology. xvi + 301 pp., illus., tables, bibls., index. Sagamore Beach, Mass.: Science History Publications, 2011. $55. [REVIEW]Terry S. Reynolds - 2011 - Isis 102 (4):748-749.
  32.  25
    Exaptation in the Co-evolution of Technology and Mind: New Perspectives from Some Old Literature.Oliver Schlaudt - 2022 - Philosophy and Technology 35 (2):1-26.
    The term exaptation, describing the phenomenon that an existing trait or tool proves to be of new adaptive value in a new context, is flourishing in recent literature from cultural evolution and cognitive archaeology. Yet there also exists an older literature from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries which studied more or less systematically the phenomenon of “change of function” in culture and tool use. Michel Foucault and Ludwig Noiré, who devoted themselves to the history of social institutions and (...)
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  33.  32
    Change and continuity in the techniques and technologies of identification over the second Christian millennium.Edward Higgs - 2009 - Identity in the Information Society 2 (3):345-354.
    This paper looks at the history of identification in England over the past 1,000 years. It contends that techniques and technologies of identification do not identify a single entity but a number of forms of personality, including the juridical person, the citizen and the deviant. Individuals can be the bearers of more than one of these personalities at the same time, or over the course of their life. These personalities are created by social performances to which people are trained (...)
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  34.  15
    Hasok Chang and Catherine Jackson , An Element of Controversy: The Life of Chlorine in Science, Medicine, Technology and War. BSHS Monograph Series, Vol. 13. London: British Society for the History of Science, 2007. Pp. ix+407. ISBN 978-0-906450-01-7. £15.00. [REVIEW]Ursula Klein - 2009 - British Journal for the History of Science 42 (1):128.
  35.  21
    Hasok Chang;, Catherine Jackson . An Element of Controversy: The Life of Chlorine in Science, Medicine, Technology, and War. ix + 407 pp., tables, index. London: British Society for the History of Science, 2007. £22. [REVIEW]Buhm Soon Park - 2010 - Isis 101 (3):687-688.
  36.  11
    History of Technology.Thomas J. Misa - 2009 - In Jan Kyrre Berg Olsen Friis, Stig Andur Pedersen & Vincent F. Hendricks (eds.), A Companion to the Philosophy of Technology. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 5–17.
    This chapter contains sections titled: Definitions of “Technology” Problems of Culture Dilemmas of Determinism References and Further Reading.
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  37.  5
    Chinese Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology.Fan Dainian, Tai-Nien Fan & Robert S. Cohen - 1996 - Springer Verlag.
    The articles in this collection were all selected from the first five volumes of the Journal of Dialectics of Nature published by the Chinese Academy of Sciences between 1979 and 1985. The Journal was established in 1979 as a comprehensive theoretical publication concerning the history, philosophy and sociology of the natural sciences. It began publication as a response to China's reform, particularly the policy of opening to the outside world. Chinese scholars began to undertake distinctive, original research in these (...)
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  38.  5
    A Sociotechnical History of the Ultralightweight Wheelchair: A Vehicle of Social Change.Nick Watson & Hilary Stewart - 2020 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 45 (6):1195-1219.
    The emergence of the ultralightweight wheelchair has transformed the lives of millions of disabled people. It has radically changed the principles and practices of wheelchair design, manufacture, and prescription and redefined wheelchair users and wheelchair use. Designed and built largely by wheelchair users themselves, it was driven initially by a desire to improve sport performance and later by a wish for improved access to the community and built environment. In this paper, we draw on oral histories and documentary sources to (...)
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  39.  65
    Nature and technology in history.Theodore R. Schatzki - 2003 - History and Theory 42 (4):82–93.
    This essay sketches an expanded theoretical conception of the roles of nature and technology in history, one that is based on a social ontology that does not separate nature and society. History has long been viewed as the realm of past human action. On this conception, nature is treated largely as an Other of history, and technology is construed chiefly as a means for human fulfillment. There is no history of nature, and the history of (...)
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  40. Israeli History of Technology in Ten Steps.Wellner Galit - 2015 - The Jerusalem Review 9:126-141.
     
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  41.  69
    A Concise History of Euthanasia: Life, Death, God, and Medicine.Ian Dowbiggin - 2007 - Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
    This deeply informed history traces the controversial record of "mercy-killing," a source of heated debate among doctors and laypeople alike. Dowbiggin examines evolving opinions about what constitutes a good death, taking into account the societal and religious values placed on sin, suffering, resignation, judgment, penance, and redemption. He also examines the bitter struggle between those who stress a right to compassionate and effective end-of-life care and those who define human life in terms of either biological criteria, utilitarian standards, a (...)
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  42.  10
    Technology and cultural values: on the edge of the third millennium.Peter D. Hershock, M. T. Stepanëiìanëtìs & Roger T. Ames (eds.) - 2003 - Honolulu: East-West Philosophers Conference.
    Recent history makes clear that the quantum leaps being made in technology are the leading edge of a groundswell of paradigm shifts taking place in science, politics, economics, social institutions, and the expression of cultural values. Indeed it is the simultaneity and interdependence of these changes occurring in every dimension of human experience and endeavor that makes the present so historically distinctive. The essays gathered here give voice to perspectives on the always improvised relationship between technology and cultural values (...)
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  43.  4
    The history of physics: a very short introduction.J. L. Heilbron - 2018 - Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    How does the physics we know today-- a highly professionalized enterprise, inextricably linked to government and industry-- link back to its origins as a liberal art in ancient Greece? What is the path that leads from the old philosophy of nature and its concern with humankind's place in the universe to modern massive international projects that hunt down fundamental particles and industrial laboratories that manufacture marvels? John Heilbron's fascinating history of physics introduces us to Islamic astronomers and mathematicians, calculating (...)
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  44.  4
    Technology and the End of Authority: What Is Government For?Jason Kuznicki - 2017 - Cham: Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan.
    This book provides a critical survey of Western political philosophy from a classical liberal perspective, paying particular attention to knowledge problems and the problem of political authority. Its central argument is that the state is a tool for solving a historically changing set of problems, and that, as a tool, the state is frequently deficient on both moral and practical grounds. Government action can be considered as a response to a set of problems, all of which may conceivably be solved (...)
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  45.  10
    As gods: a moral history of the genetic age.Matthew Cobb - 2022 - New York: Basic Books.
    The thrilling and terrifying history of genetic engineering. In 2018, scientists manipulated the DNA of human babies for the first time. As biologist and historian Matthew Cobb shows in As Gods, this achievement was one many scientists have feared from the start of the genetic age. Four times in the last fifty years, geneticists, frightened by their own technology, have called a temporary halt to their experiments. They ought to be frightened: Now we have powers that can target the (...)
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  46.  6
    A History of Technology, I: From Early Times to Fall of Ancient Empires.Elias J. Bickerman, Charles Singer, E. J. Holmyard & A. R. Hall - 1956 - American Journal of Philology 77 (1):96.
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  47.  6
    Philosophical Reflections on Technology, Politics and Communication in an Ever- changing World.Salvatore Schinello - 2023 - Filosofija. Sociologija 34 (1).
    This article is an overview and introduction of the current issue of Filosofija. Sociologija, thematically divided into five chapters. The topics cover various aspects of contemporary world: from the challenges related to technology and democracy to researches on youth values and worldview. What seems to unite all these articles (in spite of their plurality of themes, views and approaches) is the idea of an ever-changing world in which philosophy is interconnected with other sciences and disciplines, in order to provide more (...)
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  48.  37
    A green theory of technological change: Ecologism and the case for technological scepticism.Michael Keary - 2023 - Contemporary Political Theory 22 (1):70-93.
    Green political theory has a problem: it fails to account for human ingenuity. As a result, it has always struggled to refute the technologically optimistic notion that, in an era of rapid technological development, new technologies will materialise to resolve environmental ills. From ecologism’s first emergence, this idea has been its opponents’ ultimate recourse. It is especially significant because it denies the constitutive claim of ecologism that environmental problems require political solutions. It is in this claim that the green (...)
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  49.  9
    A History of Technology, II: The Mediterranean Civilization and the Middle Ages.Elias J. Bickerman, Garrett Mattingly, Charles Singer, E. J. Holmyard, A. R. Hall & Trevor I. Williams - 1958 - American Journal of Philology 79 (3):317.
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  50.  7
    Entanglements of Time, Temperature, Technology, and Place in Ancient DNA Research: The Case of the Denisovan Hominin.Venla Oikkonen - 2020 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 45 (6):1119-1141.
    The study of ancient DNA has gained increasing attention in science and society as a tool for tracing hominin evolution. While aDNA research overlaps with the history of population genetics, it embodies a specific configuration of technology, temporality, temperature, and place that, this article suggests, cannot be fully unpacked with existing science and technology studies approaches to population genetics. This article explores this configuration through the 2010 discovery of the Denisovan hominin based on aDNA retrieved from a finger bone (...)
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