No contexto da Guerra Fria, são analisados os relatórios das conferências relacionadas aos Huaqiao, ou chineses estrangeiros, entre 1951 e 1953. Esse foi um período inicial de políticas divididas entre as comunidades chinesas no exterior, entre o governo da República Popular da China e Guomindang, em Taiwan. Mais do que apoiar as populações chinesas no exterior, enfrentando dinâmicas de exclusão e discriminação nos países em que residiam, esses governos chineses encontraram nos compatriotas estrangeiros um cenário de luta por (...) lealdade através de discursos e estratégias políticas. (shrink)

Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre as conferências proferidas por John Dewey (1859-1952), na Universidade de Pequim, no ano de 1919. O interesse de pesquisa está em uma palestra, na coletânea de conferências, cujo tema versava sobre o socialismo. Portanto, procura-se analisar as intepretações elaboradas por Dewey a respeito do socialismo, suas recomendações sociais e políticas para a China naquele período revolucionário e, principalmente, suas apropriações e considerações no que concerne ao pensamento de Karl Marx (1819-1883). A influência das (...) ideias de Dewey na China, suas aprendizagens naquele país e o impacto do seu pensamento no movimento revolucionário também serão abordados na presente investigação. (shrink)

Social-bots-mediated information manipulation is influencing the public opinion environment, and their role and behavior patterns in news proliferation are worth exploring. Based on the analysis of bots' posting frequency, influence, and retweeting relationship, we take the diffusion of The New York Times' coverage of Xinjiang issue on the overseas social platform Twitter as an example and employ the two-step flow model. It is found that in the role of second-step diffusion, unlike posting news indiscriminately in first-step diffusion, social bots are (...) more inclined to postcontroversial information in second-step diffusion; in terms of diffusion patterns, although social bots are more engaged in first-step diffusion than in second-step diffusion and can trigger human users to retweet, they are still inferior to humans in terms of influence. (shrink)

ObjectiveTo test the relationship between social security satisfaction, social fairness, social trust, and people’s subjective wellbeing in China and the serial mediation effect in this study.MethodsWe utilized the data from Chinese Social Survey in 2017 and 2019, involving 31 provinces across the country. There were 5,398 samples in 2017CSS and 2,580 samples in 2019CSS selected by the research objectives. There were 4,269 women and 3,709 men with the average age of participants being 43.ResultsThe results showed that the actual status (...) of social security satisfaction, social fairness and trust, and SWB were greater than the theoretical status overall. Social security satisfaction [β = 0.454, p < 0.001, 95% CI = ], social fairness [β = 0.065, p < 0.001, 95% CI = ], and social trust [β = 0.108, p < 0.001, 95% CI = ] positively influenced people’s SWB, respectively. Social fairness had a positive effect on social trust. Social fairness and social trust partly mediated the relationship between social security satisfaction and SWB, respectively. Social security satisfaction indirectly influenced SWB through the serial effect of social fairness and social trust. The total effect of SWB explained is 47% in the serial mediation model.ConclusionSatisfactory social security is likely to cause a high level of people’s SWB, social fairness, and social trust. It is beneficial to form a virtuous circle in society. Allowing people to obtain satisfactory social security is conducive to social equity, promoting social trust, and improving people’s SWB. (shrink)

This paper investigates the correlation between the quality of corporate social responsibility disclosure and financial performance. It also investigates the moderating role of chief executive officer power in the relationship between the quality of CSR disclosure and firm value in Chinese listed companies. The evidential research used the up-to-date sample of unbalanced findings for the period of 2014–2020, from the registered Chinese firms in the Shenzhen and Shanghai Stock Exchanges as samples for the study. As a starting point technique, the (...) STATA 15 has been used to test pooled ordinary least squares regression on a sample of Chinese listed companies. We use 1-year lagged regression and two SLS regressions to monitor the potential endogeneity problem. The imbalanced data set was received from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research web page, which is the most significant source of information for Chinese publicly listed firms. Data on CSR information items and media reporting are compiled manually. The findings of the study revealed that there are positive FP consequences for the companies engaged in the quality of CSR disclosure. We also report that higher CEO power negatively enhances the quality of CSR disclosure effect on the FP of FV. The research investigates the impact of CSR disclosure and FP by presenting evidence of the moderating role of CEO power. Therefore, it is suggested that a higher law for CSR engagement and disclosure be implemented in China, and robust measures for the implementation of CEO power, although there are financial advantages to be gained. A key relevance to the empirical quality of CSR disclosure research can be recognized as the moderating role of CEO power in the quality of CSR disclosure, FP, and FV in the context of Chinese study. The findings are robust with the use of an instrumental variable method. (shrink)

China is the world’s second largest economy and the largest emitter of carbon dioxide, yet we know little about environmental proactivity in the most populated country in the world. We address this gap through a survey of 161 Chinese companies with two respondents per firm (N = 322), where we seek to identify the antecedents and consequences of environmental proactivity. We identify two categorizations of environmental proactivity: Environmental operational improvements and environmental reporting. We find that ecological motivations and regulatory (...) stakeholder pressure are positively related to both types of environmental proactivity, and external stakeholder pressure is negatively related to environmental reporting. Furthermore, we find that (1) if a firm is environmentally proactive (as it relates to either measure) and they are ecologically motivated, there is a positive and significant cost advantage, and (2) if a firm makes use of environmental operational improvement and they are competitively motivated, there is a positive and significant reputation advantage. Implications for researchers, managers, and policy-makers in China are discussed. (shrink)

In this article, we use the two-sided market theory as a support and take the operating data of eight Chinese third-party payment platform companies as samples, based on pricing models and multiple regression analysis, to build a price feature model for a third-party payment platform. The results show that under the two-sided market environment, the scale of consumer and the same-side network externality of the merchant have a negative significant effect on the pricing of the third-party payment platform to the (...) seller; The market share of the platform and the bank fee cost of the platform have a positive significant effect on the pricing of a third-party payment platform to the merchant. At the same time, the same-side network externality of the seller, the scale of a merchant, and the selection of the business model of the platform have no significant effect on the pricing of the third-party payment platform to the merchant. These conclusions provide a scientific basis for a third-party payment platform enterprise to develop an appropriate pricing strategy and operating model. (shrink)

Background: The three-dimensional model of nurses’ moral sensitivity has typically been studied using a variable-centered rather than a person-centered approach, preventing a more complete understanding of how these forms of moral sensitivity are expressed as a whole. Latent profile analysis is a person-centered approach that classifies individuals from a heterogeneous population into homogeneous subgroups, helping identify how different subpopulations of nurses use distinct combinations of different moral sensitivities to affect their service behaviors. Objective: Latent profile analysis was used to identify (...) three distinct profiles of nurses’ moral sensitivity. Associations of the profiles with service behaviors were then examined. Methods: Five hundred twenty-five nurses from three tertiary hospitals in China were investigated with Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire and Nurses’ Service Behavior Scale. Latent profile analysis was used to analyze the data. Ethical considerations: Approval was obtained from the Ethics committee for biomedical research of Medical College, the Hebei University of Engineering. Results: A three-profile moral sensitivity model provided the best fit to the data. The resulting profiles were low moral sensitivity, moderate moral sensitivity, and high moral sensitivity. There were significant differences in service behaviors among different profiles of moral sensitivity. Conclusion: The results provide a new and expanded view of nurses’ moral sensitivity, which may be used to monitor nurses’ service behaviors comprehensively and to evaluate nursing ethics management strategies. (shrink)

This study attempts to answer the question why Confucianism, the dominant “teaching” among the Three Teachings, is not a religion in contemporary China, unlike the other two “teachings,” Buddhism and Daoism. By examining this phenomenon in the social-historical context, this study finds its origin in Orientalism. The Orientalist conceptualization of religion became part of the New Culture discourse at the turn of the twentieth century. While China has undergone tremendous social changes over the past century, the old discourse (...) remains. (shrink)

Background Hospital ethical climate has important implications for clinical nurses’ service behavior; however, the relationships are complicated by the fact that five types of ethical climate (caring, law and code, rules, instrumental, and independence) can be combined differently according to their level and shape differences. Recent developments in person-centered methods (e.g., latent profile analysis (LPA)) have helped to address these complexities. Aim From a person-centered perspective, this study explored the distinct profiles of hospital ethical climate and then examined the relationships (...) of the profiles with clinical nurses’ service behavior (both in-role and extra-role service behavior). Research design A quantitative study was conducted using cluster random sampling. Latent profile analysis and binary coded hexadecimal (BCH) analysis were conducted using Mplus 8.2. Participants and research context A total of 871 clinical nurses in China were surveyed using the Ethical Climate Scale and Nurses’ Service Behavior Questionnaire. Ethical considerations Ethical approval was obtained from the IRB of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (No. KY-2020-090). Results A four-profile hospital ethical climate model provided the best fit for the data. The four different profiles not only varied in level, but also in shape: high normative and low egoism (45.8%), high ethical climate (19.9%), low ethical climate (3.6%), and moderate ethical climate (30.8%). These profiles differentially predicted clinical nurses’ overall, in-role, and extra-role service behaviors. Conclusions The results reveal new insights into the nature of hospital ethical climate and how different clinical nurses in these profiles can be best managed to accomplish different forms of service behavior. (shrink)

A new English translation of the founding text of the Madhyamaka (Middle Way) school of Buddhism, with the Tibetan version of the text included. The Root Stanzas holds an honored place in all branches of Tibetan Buddhism, as well as in the Buddhist traditions found in China, Japan, and Korea, because of the way it develops the seminal view of emptiness (shunyata), which is crucial to understanding Mahayana Buddhism and central to its practice. It is prized for its pithy (...) and pointed arguments that show that things lack intrinsic being and thus are “empty” (shunya). They abide in the Middle Way, free from the extremes of permanence and annihilation. (shrink)

Today, cities account for the majority of global energy consumption and CO2 emissions. The interaction between cities is critical for regional low-carbon development. At this time, China has turned to the full opening of the carbon trading market as an important policy tool for achieving its ambitious emission reduction goals. This paper attempts to explore the spatial relationships among cities from the perspective of carbon trading. A “multiscenarios across different spatial scales” analysis framework applied to the allocation and trading (...) of CO2 emission quotas among cities in China is proposed. Based on this framework, the carbon trading networks of 182 cities in China are specifically simulated under four different scenarios, with a comparative analysis of the networks’ complexity made from different perspectives. The results of the study are as follows: firstly, significant spatial network correlations exist between the cities’ carbon trading under each scenario. Secondly, on a national scale, there are more inner connections in carbon trading networks, with stronger correlations and robustness, while the degree of connection of intercity carbon trading is higher overall on a regional scale. Thirdly, on a national scale, no obvious core nodes exist in the network, while core nodes do exist in the overall network and in each region under the regional scale. Fourthly, cities in the central region have the highest core position overall. Finally, based on the research results, practical guidance in using the framework for achieving carbon reduction, promoting economic growth, and balancing regional development, as well as the important inspiration for policy formulation, is further discussed. (shrink)

The continuous increase of carbon emissions is a serious challenge all over the world, and many countries are striving to solve this problem. Since 2020, a widespread lockdown in the country to prevent the spread of COVID-19 escalated, severely restricting the movement of people and unnecessary economic activities, which unexpectedly reduced carbon emissions. This paper aims to analyze the carbon emissions data of 30 provinces in the 2020 and provide references for reducing emissions with epidemic lockdown measures. Based on the (...) method of time series visualization, we transform the time series data into complex networks to find out the hidden information in these data. We found that the lockdown would bring about a short-term decrease in carbon emissions, and most provinces have a short time point of impact, which is closely related to the level of economic development and industrial structure. The current results provide some insights into the evolution of carbon emissions under COVID-19 blockade measures and valuable insights into energy conservation and response to the energy crisis in the post-epidemic era. (shrink)

E-commerce poverty alleviation has become a new wisdom in China’s rural poverty alleviation, but there are a few empirical researches on e-commerce poverty alleviation based on farmer cooperatives. Taking four typical poverty counties in Zhejiang Province as an example, based on the actor network theory, this paper defines the participants and their obligatory passage point from the e-commerce poverty alleviation actor network, combs the roles and interest demands of various stakeholders, and constructs the EPAAN model based on farmer cooperatives (...) according to the translation process. We found that the EPAAN is a heterogeneous network by constantly updating, which consists of human actors with cooperatives as the main body and non-human actors. Moreover, our study illustrates that the formation and operation mechanism of cooperative e-commerce poverty alleviation network alliance under the background of targeted poverty alleviation can be well analyzed with the help of actor network theory. This study contributes to provide a feasible Chinese plan for the cause of poverty eradication all over the world, and provides a great reference value for global poverty governance. (shrink)

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has exacerbated the labour shortage, and promoting entrepreneurship to spur job creation is one of the most effective strategies to address this problem. Entrepreneurs must lengthen their employment or start-up cycles due to COVID-19 normalisation. Consequently, the impact of career willingness to delay satisfaction on entrepreneurial ambition is investigated in this research via an online survey in Jiangsu Province, China. The findings show that students with a high level of career delayed contentment has a (...) higher level of entrepreneurial intention, implying that career delayed contentment intention influences EI positively. Psychological capital modifies this process, increasing the influence of job delayed satisfaction on EI by strengthening PC. PC’s significant components are self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and flexibility. This study combines the willingness to wait for satisfaction with the willingness to start a business, providing a valuable reference for reducing the work condition caused by the COVID-19 epidemic. (shrink)

In Heidegger's thinking, a language is neither words nor expressions. The discussion of a language brings not the language itself but rather us into its essence, and makes us gather unto "the genesis of the very language itself." With snows and vesper bells, Heidegger summoned both heaven and earth and gods and men, making them merge into a single world. Likewise, Zhuangzi used the words of Qixie to summon the fleeting clouds in an endless sky and a dusky earth populated (...) by living beings and dust. /// 在海德格尔看来，语言既不是词语，也不是表达。探讨语言不是把语言而是 把我们带到语言本质的处所，让我们聚集到 "成其自身" 之中。海德格尔通过雪花 和晚祷的钟声把天地神人召唤来，使其融契为一体的世界。在庄子 "齐谐" 词语的 召唤下，游气、尘埃、生物、苍茫之天以及昏黄的大地得以显现。. (shrink)

AimTo investigate the status of positive mental characters and humanistic care ability among Chinese nursing students, and confirm the association between positive mental characters and humanistic care ability.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted. Nine hundred eighty-one Chinese nursing students were recruited from hospitals and community healthcare services in Changsha, Hunan, China. Three different self-reported questionnaires were applied: The Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Humanistic care ability of Nursing Undergraduates Assessment Scale and Positive Mental Characters Scale for Chinese College Students. Pearson correlation analysis (...) and multiple liner regression analysis were performed to analyze the association between positive mental character and humanistic care ability for Chinese nursing students.ResultsThe mean scores of nursing students' humanistic care ability and positive mental character were 125.94 ± 21.19, 233.18 ± 38.59, respectively. The Pearson correlation results showed that positive mental character was significantly associated with humanistic care ability. Multiple liner regression analysis indicated that positive mental characters, four dimensions of courage, humanity, justice and transcendence in positive mental character, care from classmates were found to be independent predictors of humanistic care ability.ConclusionPositive mental characters are important considerations in the development, implementation and evaluation of humanistic care ability interventions. (shrink)

A Teoria dos Cinco Elementos é uma das primeiras teorias na história da filosofia chinesa. O nascimento da doutrina marcou uma virada no processo de percepção do mundo com os cinco elementos básicos de metal, madeira e água, fogo e terra. Esses cinco fatores são percebidos na forma de experiência, o nível de consciência ainda é rudimentar e as características mais gerais da matéria ainda não foram generalizadas. No entanto, com as duas leis dos Cinco Elementos do nascimento mútuo, os (...) cinco elementos opostos se complementam ao explicar a formação, desenvolvimento e transformação do mundo material. São duas leis que se aplicam para explicar as leis da natureza, da sociedade e do corpo humano. A Teoria dos Cinco Elementos mostra que coisas e fenômenos no universo e na sociedade não ficam parados, mas estão sempre em movimento, mudando e girando constantemente. Neste artigo, nos concentraremos em esclarecer o pensamento dialético da teoria dos Cinco Elementos na natureza, na sociedade e no corpo humano. O artigo abrirá uma nova abordagem para a teoria dos Cinco Elementos e a próxima direção de pesquisa é a aplicação da teoria na medicina oriental. (shrink)

Significant research has been conducted on the influence of entrepreneurial intention on entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurship practice. Similarly, this study aims to explore how creativity plays a mediating role in the influence of personality traits on entrepreneurial intention. As many as 674 valid questionnaires were collected from college students in China, allowing the relationship between personality traits, creativity, and entrepreneurial intention to be analyzed in detail. The following results are found through a series of explorations. First, neuroticism in personality (...) traits has a significant negative impact on entrepreneurial intention, while conscientiousness, openness, and extraversion have a significant positive impact. Second, neuroticism has a significant negative impact on creativity, while conscientiousness, openness, and extraversion have a significant positive impact. Third, creativity has a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial intention, it has a partial mediating role between neuroticism, conscientiousness, extraversion, and entrepreneurial intention along with a complete mediating role between openness and entrepreneurial intention. The research results further provide a reference value for the improvement and optimization of entrepreneurial practice. (shrink)

Resumo: Kong-Zi Jia Yu é um livro que registrou muitas conversas e pensamentos de Confúcio e seus discípulos, tornando-se uma fonte indispensável para explorar a cultura e as ideias tradicionais chinesas. Em particular, as ideias de governança apresentadas no livro ainda são altamente relevantes, hoje. Os pensamentos orientados para as pessoas eram o núcleo da sabedoria da governança, a arte da realeza paradigmática e os cortesãos virtuosos eram uma parte sensata da governança, e as ideias da penologia asseguravam ainda mais (...) suas operações robustas. Na nova era, novas ideias como “colocar as pessoas como prioridade máxima”, os pensamentos de Xi Jinping sobre a construção de equipes de quadros e o governo da China pelo estado de direito foram propostos sucessivamente como conversões criativas e desenvolvimento inovador da cultura chinesa, que foi levado adiante, ao longo de milhares de anos. Herdar e promover esses “genes” culturais, apurar a sua essência ideológica, são de grande valor referencial para o cultivo do panorama político atual, enriquecendo a conotação da construção da equipe de quadros, na nova era, aderindo ao Estado de Direito e dando ideias para a formulação das atuais políticas de governança rural. (shrink)

Intern physicians are generally more burdened by stress than the general population. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the current situation regarding burnout and explore its association with the self-evaluation of competence among Chinese dental interns. A self-administered anonymous survey was conducted on 91 dental interns in the Peking University School of Stomatology, from August 2019 to June 2020. It consisted of a psychological stress questionnaire, including burnout and self-evaluation of clinical competence. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to (...) determine the differences between self-evaluation scores of clinical competence. Results showed average scores for emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment of 22.22 ± 9.04, 8.16 ± 5.21, and 36.08 ± 7.76, respectively. Dental clinical technology was considered more useful than other clinical competencies, and there was a correlation between its importance and the stress caused by its deficiency. Significant associations were found between stress due to a lack of dental clinical technology and high emotional exhaustion. Burnout was common among the dental interns, which may be a valuable finding. Among the six different aspects of clinical competence, “dental clinical technology” represented the most stressful item. Strengthening pre-clinical training and promptly conducting targeted training in the early clinical process may be considered as decompression measures. (shrink)

A ampliação de políticas econômicas liberais desencadeará na democratização da China. Esse argumento repetido por artigos acadêmicos encontra suas expectativas frustradas diariamente por notícias de recrudescimento do poder do Partido Comunista da China sobre sua sociedade. O artigo analisa a construção da identidade nacional fundada na humilhação nacional como estratégia de difusão da legitimidade da elite política chinesa a partir de uma percepção do nacionalismo como essencial para manutenção da estabilidade do regime. Para isso estuda a formação da (...) identidade nacional, a constituição dos grupos dentro da elite política da China e a elaboração do conceito de Poder Nacional Compreensivo. (shrink)

The growing literature on corporate responsibility (CR) has drawn attention to how different CR practices complement each other and interact in the form of configurations. This study investigated CR patterns associated with high financial performance for 466 firms in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. We applied a set-theoretic approach using qualitative comparative analysis to identify similarities and differences across these three societies in configurations of CR practices relating to customer, employee, investor, community, and environmental stakeholder groups. The extent (...) to which the financial benefits of various configurations of CR practices are attributable to institutional factors is examined. (shrink)

Combining games with mobile commerce applications has been a trend in recent years. Mobile commerce is attracting a large number of people, especially females, to play mini games on the platform. The gamification of mobile commerce may affect users’ platform satisfaction. This study aims to explore the intention of female users to play mobile commerce games and its impact on platform satisfaction. We collected data from females in China who played mobile commerce games and then used a structural equation (...) model to test the various hypotheses we made. The results showed that game use intention fully mediated the impact of performance expectation, hedonic motivation, and social influence on platform satisfaction. Effort expectation had no significant impact on game use intention but had a positive impact on platform satisfaction. Game use intention had a positive impact on platform satisfaction. The frequency of playing games and the amount of money spent on the platform were positively correlated with game use intention. Females over 25 years old preferred to play mobile commerce games. This study provides a theoretical reference and practical enlightenment and makes a specific contribution to the development of mobile commerce platform and the application of gamification. However, this study has limitations in terms of test samples, research methods and research content, and further research on mobile commerce is required in the future. (shrink)

BackgroundUp-to-date information about the trends of age-related hearing loss and how this varies between countries is essential to plan for an adequate health-system response. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the research hotpots and trends in ARHL and to provide the basis and direction for future research.Materials and methodsThe Web of Science Core Collection database was searched and screened according to the inclusion criteria during 2002–2021. Bibliometric analyses were conducted by CiteSpace software and VOSviewer software.ResultsThe query identified 1,496 publications, which (...) showed a growth trend of this filed. These publications were from 62 countries, the United States of America showed its tremendous impact on this field in publication outputs, total citations, and international collaborations, China following in second. The Journal of Hearing Research was the most productive journal. Weijia Kong published the most papers, and the most productive institution was Washington University. The keyword “presbycusis” ranked first in research frontiers and appeared earlier, and the keywords “age-related hearing loss,” “risk,” “dementia,” “auditory cortex,” “association,” and “decline” began to appear in recent years.ConclusionThe annual number of publications has grown rapidly in the past two decades and will continue to grow. Epidemiological investigation and laboratory research are lasting hot spots, besides future research will focus on the association between ARHL and cognitive decline, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease. (shrink)

Este artigo busca compreender a figura da Mãe de Jesus na América Latina, como Mãe da Igreja e dos cristãos, modelo de discípula e de uma evangelização libertadora. Toma como ponto de referência para suas reflexões as Conferências Episcopais Latino-Americanas do Rio de Janeiro, Medellín, Puebla, Santo Domingo e Aparecida.

In Heidegger’s thinking, a language is neither words nor expressions. The discussion of a language brings not the language itself but rather us into its essence, and makes us gather unto “the genesis of the very language itself.” With snows and vesper bells, Heidegger summoned both heaven and earth and gods and men, making them merge into a single world. Likewise, Zhuangzi used the words of Qixie to summon the fleeting clouds in an endless sky and a dusky earth populated (...) by living beings and dust. (shrink)

Happiness can be regarded as an evaluation of life satisfaction. A high level of wellbeing can promote self-fulfillment and build a rational, peaceful, self-esteem, self-confidence, and positive social mentality. Therefore, the analysis of the factors of happiness is of great significance for the continuous improvement of the individual’s sense of security and gain and the realization of the maximization of self-worth. Emotion is not only an important internal factor that affects happiness, but it can also accurately reflect the individual’s happiness. (...) However, most of current happiness evaluation methods based on the emotional analysis belong to shallow learning paradigm, making the deep learning method unexploited for automatically happiness decoding. In this article, we analyzed the emotions of graduates during their employment and studied its influence on personal happiness at work. We proposed deep restricted Boltzmann machine for graduates’ happiness evaluation during employment. Furthermore, to mitigate the information loss when passing through many network layers, we introduced the skip connections to DRBM and proposed a deep residual RBM for enhancing the valuable information. We further introduced an attention mechanism to DRRBM to focus on the important factors. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method on the happiness evaluation tasks, we conducted extensive experiments on the statistical data of the China Comprehensive Social Survey. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, our method shows better performance, which proves the practicability and feasibility of our method for happiness evaluation. (shrink)

Hoje eu gostaria de começar analisando as primeiras ocorrências da palavra parrhesia na literatura grega, como a palavra aparece nas seguintes seis tragédias de Eurípides: Fenícias; Hipólito; As Bacantes; Electra; Íon; Orestes. Nas primeiras quatro peças, a parrhesia não constitui um tópico importante ou tema; mas a própria palavra geralmente ocorre num contexto preciso que nos ajuda no entendimento de seu significado. Nas últimas duas peças – Íon e Orestes – a parrhesia assume um papel muito importante. De fato, eu (...) penso que Íon é inteiramente consagrado ao problema da parrhesia, uma vez que investiga a questão: Quem tem o direito, o dever e a coragem de falar a verdade? Esse problema parrhesiástico em Íon é levantado na estrutura das relações entre os deuses e os seres humanos. Em Orestes – que foi escrito dez anos mais tarde e, por essa razão, é uma das últimas peças de Eurípides – o papel da parrhesia não é nem de longe tão significativo. E ainda assim a peça contém uma cena parrhesiástica que garante a atenção na medida em que é diretamente relacionada a questões políticas que os atenienses estavam então levantando. Aqui, nessa cena parrhesiástica, há uma transição concernente à questão da parrhesia tal como ela ocorre no contexto das instituições humanas. Especificamente, a parrhesia é vista como uma questão tanto política quanto filosófica. (shrink)

Para compreender a trajetória da elaboração heideggeriana do conceito de tempo é fundamental analisar a conferência O conceito de tempo (Der Begriff der Zeit). Entendemos que, embora o tempo seja tematizado em vários outros textos da juventude ou mesmo em obras heideggerianas mais tardias, é visível nesta conferência de 1924 a preocupação do pensador em conceber, de uma maneira tematicamente explícita, um novo conceito de tempo. Nossa proposta inicial restringe-se, por um lado, em avistar e evidenciar as ideias condutoras da (...) elaboração heideggeriana do conceito de tempo, razão pela qual muitos temas conexos não poderão ser especificamente abordados neste artigo; por outro lado, temos a preocupação de apontar para uma série de estudos voltados particularmente para este texto fundamental dos caminhos trilhados por Heidegger entre 1915 e 1930. (shrink)

O Problema da Personalidade é o nome dado a uma série de conferências proferidas por Bergson no quadro das Gifford Lectures em 1914. Dessas conferências, conhecemos apenas os resumos, que foram publicados em inglês na coletânea de textos Mélanges, seguidos na mesma obra de uma tradução para o francês de Martine Robinet. Mais recentemente, essa tradução para o francês foi revista e acrescentada de um extenso aparato crítico, por ocasião da publicação dos Écrits philosophiques, último volume da edição (...) crítica da obra de Bergson, publicada pelas Presses Universitaires de France. A presente tradução de O problema da personalidade toma como base o texto original em inglês, publicado nos Mélanges, enriquecendo-o com a tradução das notas de Élie During publicadas no mencionado aparato crítico dos Écrits philosophiques. (shrink)

BackgroundIn recent years, some researchers have engaged in scientific misconduct such as fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism to achieve higher research performance. Considering their detrimental effects on individuals’ health status (e.g., patients, etc.) and extensive financial costs levied upon healthcare systems, such wrongdoings have even more salience in medical sciences. However, there has been little discussion on the possible influence of medical researchers’ existing creative performance on scientific misconduct, and the moral psychological mechanisms underlying those effects are still poorly understood.MethodsWe build (...) a moderated mediation model to test how medical researchers’ creative performance affects their scientific misconduct and explore the role of moral licensing and moral identity in this process. Based on situational experiments and projection techniques, 287 medical researchers in China participated in a survey.ResultsMedical researchers’ creative performance positively relates to scientific misconduct, and moral licensing plays a mediating role in the relationship between them. In addition, moral identity has a negative moderating effect on the mediating effect of moral licensing on creative performance and scientific misconduct.ConclusionMoral licensing plays a fully mediating role in the relationship between creative performance and scientific misconduct. And moral identity negatively moderates the indirect effect of creative performance on scientific misconduct through moral licensing. The findings provide theoretical and practical implications for the prevention of medical researchers’ scientific misconduct. (shrink)

Experience marketing plays an important role in improving the quality and upgrading tourism services in cultural tourism cities and helps guide the planning and development, commodity design, and business management of cultural tourism products. However, the urgent problems that need to be solved are as follows: How does experiential marketing in cultural tourism cities affect tourists' consumption behavior? How to adjust consumption emotion in tourist experience and revisit intention? Starting from the experience needs of tourists, this study selected Jinan city, (...) represented by “Qilu culture,” as the research object; discussed the relationship between experiential marketing, consumption emotion, and revisit intention; and used a structural equation model to verify the relationship between the three. This study divided the perception of experiential marketing into four dimensions—sensory experience, action experience, emotional experience, and thinking experience, and divided tourists' revisit intention into two dimensions— “revisit” and “recommendation”. Totally, 305 tourists were randomly selected to participate in the questionnaire survey, and they came from 34 provinces in China. The results showed that cultural tourism cities can enhance tourists' positive consumption emotion through experiential marketing over time, and high-quality tourist consumption experience directly motivates tourists to revisit intention and then promotes tourists to go to cultural tourism cities for secondary consumption. These results suggest that cultural tourism cities should start from Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, pay attention to the needs of tourists at different levels, and adopt effective experiential marketing strategies from tourism experience to improve the quality of tourists' travel experience and promote tourists' revisit intention. (shrink)

In today’s business world, the phenomenon of overqualification is widespread. Organizations need to consider – how to motivate the overqualified employees to utilize their qualifications, for example, promoting creative performance. Based on person-organization fit theory, this study explored when and how employees, who feel overqualified can engage in creative performance. Data were collected from 170 supervisor-subordinate dyads of 41 groups in 10 manufacturing companies across two timepoints in China. Results revealed that perceived overqualification is positively related to organizational identification (...) when employee development-oriented organizational culture is strong but negatively related to organizational identification when employee development-oriented organizational culture is weak, organizational identification is positively related to creative performance, the indirect relationship between perceived overqualification and creative performance via organizational identification is moderated by employee development-oriented organizational culture. We provide several theoretical contributions to the overqualification literature and make some suggestions to motivate the overqualified employees to use their surplus qualifications within the organizations. (shrink)

In the age of digitalization, social media has played a significant role in quickly spreading the news about current affairs. From December 2019 to now, coronavirus disease 2019, with its several mutated shapes, has more transmissible potential catastrophe and has become a severe phenomenon issue worldwide. The international spread of the epidemic has created fear among people, especially employees working physically in different organizations. The present research aimed to measure the impact of social media on its users in the (...) class='Hi'>China. The social media users more often were influenced by shocking news instructively and destructively. The research analysis was based on service sector employees and data collected from 630 respondents via a structured questionnaire. This research was confirmed the negative impact of fear on social media on the performance of employees. This research was also confirmed the moderation impact of the COVID-19 vaccine on the relationship between social media fear and employee performance. This research recommends that the China Censor Board checked the news and its validity to reduce the fear of COVID-19 among employees. This research will become a roadmap for organizations and media controllers to understand the impact of social media during an intense situation. The telecommunication sector will reduce psychological disease and enhance the work capability of employees by controlling unnecessary and unapproved material about sensitive issues. (shrink)

Although self-love is an important topic, it has not been viewed as appropriate for psychological research, especially in China. We conducted two studies to understand how Chinese people view self-love. In the first study, we surveyed 109 Chinese people about the dimensions of self-love using an open-ended questionnaire. In the second study, 18 participants were selected by means of intensity sampling and interviewed about the connotations and structure of Chinese self-love. The two studies revealed three important aspects of the (...) Chinese understanding of self-love: self-love has four dimensions: self, family, others, and society; it comprises five components: self-cherishing, self-acceptance, self-restraint, self-responsibility, and self-persistence; and the five components of self-love are linked together to form a stable personality structure. The reliability and validity of the two studies were strong. Finally, the results showed that Chinese self-love is dominated by Confucian culture, which provides guiding principles for how to be human. At the same time, it shows that there are differences in the understanding of self-love between Chinese and Western cultures, which provides an empirical basis for further research based on cross-cultural psychology and self-love psychology. (shrink)

A Segunda Conferência Geral do Episcopado Latino-americano, realizada na cidade de Medellín, entre os dias 24 de agosto e 06 de setembro de 1968, produziu um importante e significativo documento – As Conclusões de Medellín – que registraram as posições da Igreja da América Latina, que assumiu uma posição libertadora frente à opressão no continente. O objetivo do Papa Paulo VI, como diz o próprio título da proposta da Conferência, era ler a realidade latino-americana à luz do Concílio Vaticano II. (...) Os bispos fizeram mais do que isso: leram o Concílio à luz da realidade latino-americana. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste artigo, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, é apresentar alguns elementos da realidade política e eclesial de Medellín e analisar dois aspectos do documento: a educação e a juventude. A década de 1960 e, particularmente o ano de 1968, são momentos históricos efervescentes, contexto da guerra-fria, impactando muitas mudanças. Igreja assume de forma clara o trabalho de inserção nas comunidades pobres. A educação passa a ser pensada numa perspectiva libertadora, há a inserção dos religiosos nas comunidades de base. A juventude católica assume compromissos socais e políticos. Em Medellín ganha identidade própria a Igreja latino-americana e uma forma original de fazer teologia, a teologia da libertação e sua opção pelos pobres. Também o exercício da colegialidade dá passos importantes, inclusive na forma de elaboração do documento. Portanto, celebrar 50 anos desse documento deve levar o olhar crítico para seus valores e limitações e recuperar seus avanços, contribuindo para o debate no campo das Ciências da Religião. (shrink)

O objetivo do artigo é analisar a condução da política externa estadunidense com a China, entre 1890 e 1909, tomando como referencial a interpretação historiográfica dos autores revisionistas William Appleman Williams e Walter LaFeber. Propõe-se que o “anticolonialismo imperial” engendrado pelos Estados Unidos no processo de disputa pela abertura do mercado chinês está na origem dos conflitos com as tradicionais potências imperialistas. O trabalho explora, portanto, a tese historiográfica revisionista segundo a qual a política externa norte-americana radicada nos princípios (...) da “Open Door Policy” é fundamental para a compreensão de antagonismos que contribuíram para a Guerra Fria.The aim of the article is to analyze the conduct of US foreign policy with China between 1890 and 1909, taking as reference the historiographical interpretation of the revisionist authors William Appleman Williams and Walter LaFeber. It is proposed that the "imperial anticolonialism" engendered by the United States in the process of dispute over the opening of the Chinese market is at the origin of conflicts with the traditional imperialist powers. The paper thus explores the revisionist historiographical thesis that US foreign policy rooted in the principles of the Open Door Policy is fundamental to understanding the antagonisms that contributed to the Cold War. Resumen El objetivo del artículo es analizar la conducción de la política exterior estadounidense con China, entre 1890 y 1909, tomando como referencial la interpretación historiográfica de los autores revisionistas William Appleman Williams y Walter LaFeber. Se propone que el "anticolonialismo imperial" engendrado por Estados Unidos en el proceso de disputa por la apertura del mercado chino es el origen de los conflictos con las tradicionales potencias imperialistas. El trabajo explora, por lo tanto, la tesis historiográfica revisionista según la cual la política exterior norteamericana radicada en los principios de la "Open Door Policy" es fundamental para la comprensión de antagonismos que contribuyeron a la Guerra Fría. (shrink)

This article aims to address the Christological aspects of the Document of the Fifth Conference of Aparecida. The document highlights the missionary disciples of Jesus Christ and discusses the Church's action on several fronts. Therefore, we need to analyze how prominent is the person of Christ in the Conference, for He is the greatest role model for all missionary activity of the Church.

O texto situa em seu contexto as Conferências Públicas e apresenta o seu papel no projeto de Instrução Pública e Organização do Ensino, proposto por Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, marquês de Condorcet , que deu origem ao decreto sobre Instrução Pública aprovado na Assembléia Nacional da França Revolucionária em 1792. Ao final, caberá uma breve comparação entre os objetivos das Conferências Públicas dispostos por Condorcet com o recente programa Escola da Família, do governo do Estado de São (...) Paulo, para evidenciar o contraste entre duas políticas liberais para a educação. The essay places in context the Public conferences and presented his paper on the design of Public Instruction and Education Organization, proposed by Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis de Condorcet , which led to the decree on Public Instruction approved National Assembly of Revolutionary France in 1792. In the end, it will be a brief comparison between the objectives of Public Conferences arranged by Condorcet at the recent Family School program, the state government of St. Paul, to highlight the contrast between two liberal policies for education. (shrink)

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apontar a relação entre a III Conferência Geral do Episcopado Latino Americano celebrada no final de janeiro e início de fevereiro de 1979 em Puebla de Los Angeles e os Bispos do Brasil. Apontando quem foram os Bispos do Brasil que de Puebla tomaram parte e em quais aspectos eles contribuíram. Tal colaboração será externada em duas vertentes. De um lado, a contribuição dos Bispos do Brasil enquanto Conferência Episcopal Nacional; De outro, a colaboração (...) pessoal de prelados especialmente Aloísio Lorscheider e Luciano Mendes de Almeida que ou por sua liderança natural no episcopado Latino Americano ou por suas opções e testemunhos eclesiológicas, influíram profundamente em posições assumidas no Documento Final. (shrink)

Yinshun is regarded as one of the most eminent monks in twentieth-century Chinese Buddhism. Previous research has argued that Yinshun especially undertook the mission of writing new commentaries on Madhyamaka texts. His efforts provoked a revival of interest towards the Madhyamaka school among contemporary Chinese Buddhists, and a re-assessment of the position of the writings of N?g?rjuna within the history of Chinese Buddhism. This article focuses on Yinshun’s restatement of the nature of the M?lamadhyamakak?rik?, a text that has always been (...) regarded as fundamental in the Madhyamaka/San-lun tradition in China. The first part analyzes Yinshun’s textual study of the M?lamadhyamakak?rik?, examining his approach to the text, and how he came to terms with previous Chinese traditional textual scholarship and canonical scriptures. The second part discusses Yinshun’s interpretation of the text by moving away from the micro-context of Chinese San-lun scholarship, and addressing the macro-context of the modern Chinese understanding of the Mah?y?na. (shrink)

Na conferência que pronunciou no Brasil, em Araraquara, Sartre, na linha direta de Questão de Método, retoma o tema - que a Resistência colocara na ordem do dia - das relações entre a teoria e a prática. Ora, cabe perguntar por que o autor, no umbral dos anos 60, reativa, de maneira tão decisiva, uma problemática que privilegiara nos idos do pós-guerra. A resposta a esta questão deve ser buscada, a nosso ver, nos desdobramentos da célebre polêmica dos anos 50 (...) em torno dos ensaios de Sartre "Os Comunistas e a Paz" e, portanto, no cenário político-filosófico da época.Dans sa Conférence prononcée au Brésil, à Araraquara, Sartre, dans la même ligne de pensée de Question de Méthode, reprend le thème - que la Résistance avait mis à l'ordre du jour - des rapports entre la théorie et la pratique. Or, on pourrait se demander pourquoi l'auteur, au seuil des années 60, reprend, d'une manière si décisive, un sujet qu'il avait privilegié dans les années de l'après-guerre. La réponse à cette question, à notre avis, doit être cherchée dans les développements de la célèbre polémique des années 50 autour des essais de Sartre "Les Communistes et la Paix" et, par conséquent, dans le cadre politique et philosophique de l'époque. (shrink)

A V Conferência de Aparecida é um momento eclesial marcante no caminhar da Igreja na América Latina no horizonte do eixo Medellín-Puebla-Santo Domingo, por ser estas as três Conferências do Celam que marcaram o período pós-conciliar na tentativa de aplicar a renovação proposta pelo Concílio Vaticano II no contexto eclesial latino-americano. A nossa reflexão quer ter presente a memória histórica da Igreja latino-americana como referencial para uma leitura, compreensão e interpretação das propostas do Documento de Participação. A chave de (...) leitura será orientada a partir da expressão avançar-retroceder como mediação para se traçar um paralelo entre o conteúdo do DP e a tradição da Igreja na América Latina. (shrink)

: Filial piety is a core value in ancient Chinese culture, and it still exerts significant influence on the attitudes, behavior and daily life of Chinese people today. At present, China is facing an increasingly aging population and the concern how to properly care for the elderly. Through the vertical review of filial piety in China’s history, two constant elements, namely support and respect, stands out among China’s traditions. There is an argument that addressing the contemporary elderly (...) care problem requires the adequate support from two perspectives, material support from families and societies for the aged and spiritual caring for them. It is further argued that any approaches aimed at addressing contemporary elderly care issue should take into consideration the actual social and culture conditions in China, including the cultural traditions of filial piety. Resumo: A piedade filial era um valor central na cultura chinesa antiga, e ainda exerce influência significativa nas atitudes, comportamento e vida cotidiana do povo chinês. Atualmente, a China está enfrentando uma população cada vez mais envelhecida e as preocupações associadas a como cuidar adequadamente dos idosos do país. Através da revisão vertical da piedade filial, ao longo da história da China, para este trabalho, dois elementos constantes emergiram nas tradições, a saber, apoio e respeito. Argumenta-se que a abordagem do problema contemporâneo do cuidado ao idoso exigirá a incorporação adequada de ambas as dimensões, ou seja, fornecer não apenas apoio material ao idoso, na família e na sociedade, mas também prover seu cuidado espiritual. Argumenta-se ainda que quaisquer abordagens destinadas a tratar da questão devem ser baseadas nas condições sociais e culturais reais, na China, incluindo e passando além das tradições culturais de piedade filial. (shrink)