Results for 'dispositions'

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  1.  29
    Philosophical abstracts.Dispositions Laws & Sortal Logic - 1982 - American Philosophical Quarterly 19 (1).
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  2. Jonathan Edwards.Dispositional Ontology - 2009 - In Graham Oppy & Nick Trakakis, Medieval Philosophy of Religion: The History of Western Philosophy of Religion, Volume 2. Routledge. pp. 3--223.
     
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  3. Mind and verbal dispositions.Willard V. Quine - 1975 - In Mind and Language. Oxford University Press.
  4. The semantics and ontology of dispositions.D. H. Mellor - 2000 - Mind 109 (436):757--780.
    The paper looks at the semantics and ontology of dispositions in the light of recent work on the subject. Objections to the simple conditionals apparently entailed by disposition statements are met by replacing them with so-called 'reduction sentences' and some implications of this are explored. The usual distinction between categorical and dispositional properties is criticised and the relation between dispositions and their bases examined. Applying this discussion to two typical cases leads to the conclusion that fragility is not (...)
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  5. GRW as an ontology of dispositions.Mauro Dorato & Michael Esfeld - 2010 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 41 (1):41-49.
    The paper argues that the formulation of quantum mechanics proposed by Ghirardi, Rimini and Weber (GRW) is a serious candidate for being a fundamental physical theory and explores its ontological commitments from this perspective. In particular, we propose to conceive of spatial superpositions of non-massless microsystems as dispositions or powers, more precisely propensities, to generate spontaneous localizations. We set out five reasons for this view, namely that (1) it provides for a clear sense in which quantum systems in entangled (...)
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  6.  15
    Properties and Dispositions.C. B. Martin - 1996 - In Tim Crane, D. M. Armstrong & C. B. Martin, Dispositions: A Debate. New York: Routledge. pp. 71-87.
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  7. The Simple Vs. Reformed Conditional Analysis of Dispositions.Sungho Choi - 2006 - Synthese 148 (2):369-379.
    Lewis claims that Martin’s cases indeed refute the simple conditional analysis of dispositions and proposes the reformed conditional analysis that is purported to overcome them. In this paper I will first argue that Lewis’s defense of the reformed analysis can be understood to invoke the concepts of disposition-specific stimulus and manifestation. I will go on to argue that advocates of the simple analysis, just like Lewis, can also defend their analysis from alleged counterexamples including Martin’s cases by invoking the (...)
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  8.  86
    A world of dispositions.James H. Fetzer - 1977 - Synthese 34 (4):397 - 421.
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  9. The bare metaphysical possibility of bare dispositions.Jennifer Mckltrick - 2003 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 66 (2):349–369.
    Many philosophers hold that all dispositions must have independent causal bases. I challenge this view, hence defending the possibility of bare dispositions. In part 1, I explain more fully what I mean by "disposition," "causal basis," and "bare disposition." In part 2, I consider the claim that the concept of a disposition entails that dispositions are not bare. In part 3, I consider arguments, due to Prior, Pargetter, and Jackson, that dispositions necessarily have distinct causal bases. (...)
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  10. Signalin cooperation: Prisioner¿s dilemmas and psychological dispositions in Hobbe¿s state of nature.Roger Paden - 1997 - Diálogos. Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Puerto Rico 32 (70):27-52.
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  11.  45
    On Mellor on dispositions.James H. Fetzer - 1978 - Philosophia 7 (3-4):651-660.
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  12. Some Misconceptions about Dispositions.David Coder - 1969 - Analysis 29 (6):200 - 202.
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  13. Counterfactual hypotheses, laws, and dispositions.Nicholas Rescher - 1971 - Noûs 5 (2):157-178.
  14.  67
    Historical materialism, dispositions, and functional explanation.Steven Walt - 1986 - Ethics 97 (1):196-218.
  15. Multi-Track Dispositions and Laws of Nature.Max Kistler - unknown
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  16.  94
    Barbara Vetter: Potentiality: From Dispositions to Modality: Oxford University Press, 2015, 352 pp, £52.00 , ISBN: 9780198714316.Jennifer McKitrick - 2019 - Erkenntnis 84 (5):1179-1182.
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  17.  72
    On cultural dispositions of service robotics.Klaus Wiegerling - 2019 - Filozofija I Društvo 30 (3):343-365.
    Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit Fragen, die die kulturellen Grundlagen der Servicerobotik betreffen. Die Diskussion und Beantwortung dieser Fragen werden im Diskurs über Service-Robotik noch immer vernachlässigt. Zunächst wird erörtert, wie unabhängig Service-Robotik von kulturellen Vorgaben sein kann. Kulturelle Dispositionen haben Auswirkungen auf die angestrebte Adaptivität und Autonomie der Systeme, konkret auch auf deren Sensorik und Aktorik. Service-Robotik muss als kulturell eingebettete Technologie konzipiert werden. Nur in einer physischen und symbolischen Nähe zum konkreten Menschen kann sie zu einem adaptiven und (...)
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  18. A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualizing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure.Walter Mischel & Yuichi Shoda - 1995 - Psychological Review 102 (2):246-268.
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  19.  14
    Theories of Dispositions.Florian Fischer - 2018 - In Natural Laws as Dispositions. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 149-150.
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  20.  57
    Reasons, causes, desires, and dispositions.Severin Schroeder - 2019 - In Explanation in Action Theory and Historiography: Causal and Teleological Approaches. Routledge.
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  21. Disposition Ascriptions.Simona Aimar - 2019 - Philosophical Studies 176 (7):1667-1692.
    I argue that disposition ascriptions—claims like ‘the glass is fragile’—are semantically equivalent to possibility claims: they are true when the given object manifests the disposition in at least one of the relevant possible worlds.
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  22. Finkish dispositions.David Kellogg Lewis - 1997 - Philosophical Quarterly 47 (187):143-158.
    Many years ago, C.B. Martin drew our attention to the possibility of ‘finkish’ dispositions: dispositions which, if put to the test would not be manifested, but rather would disappear. Thus if x if finkishly disposed to give response r to stimulus s, it is not so that if x were subjected to stimulus r, x would give response z; so finkish dispositions afford a counter‐example to the simplest conditional analysis of dispositions. Martin went on to suggest (...)
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  23. Immanent powers versus causal powers (propensities, latencies and dispositions) in quantum mechanics.Christian de Ronde - 2019 - In Diederik Aerts, Dalla Chiara, Maria Luisa, Christian de Ronde & Decio Krause, Probing the meaning of quantum mechanics: information, contextuality, relationalism and entanglement: Proceedings of the II International Workshop on Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Information: Physical, Philosophical and Logical Approaches, CLEA, Brussels. New Jersey: World Scientific.
  24.  28
    Dispositional Fear and Political Attitudes.Peter K. Hatemi & Rose McDermott - 2020 - Human Nature 31 (4):387-405.
    Previous work proposes that dispositional fear exists predominantly among political conservatives, generating the appearance that fears align strictly along party lines. This view obscures evolutionary dynamics because fear evolved to protect against myriad threats, not merely those in the political realm. We suggest prior work in this area has been biased by selection on the dependent variable, resulting from an examination of exclusively politically oriented fears that privilege conservative values. Because the adaptation regulating fear should be based upon both universal (...)
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  25. Fearful apes or nervous goats? Another look at functions of dispositions or traits.Vladimir Krstić - 2023 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 46:e68.
    In his article, Grossmann argues that, in the context of human cooperative caregiving, heightened fearfulness in children and human sensitivity to fear in others are adaptive traits. I offer and briefly defend a rival hypothesis: Heightened fearfulness among infants and young children is a maladaptive trait that did not get deselected in the process of evolution because human sensitivity to fear in others mitigates its disadvantageous effects to a sufficient extent.
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  26. Reactance, morality, and disgust: The relationship between affective dispositions and compliance with official health recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic.Rodrigo Díaz & Florian Cova - 2021 - Cognition and Emotion 1 (1).
    Emergency situations require individuals to make important changes in their behavior. In the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, official recommendations to avoid the spread of the virus include costly behaviors such as self-quarantining or drastically diminishing social contacts. Compliance (or lack thereof) with these recommendations is a controversial and divisive topic, and lay hypotheses abound regarding what underlies this divide. This paper investigates which cognitive, moral, and emotional traits separate people who comply with official recommendations from those who don't. In (...)
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  27.  13
    Dispositional development and assessment in teacher preparation programs.Sara Clemm von Hohenberg (ed.) - 2023 - Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference.
    This book researches how dispositions are a key indicator in teacher success both in terms of instructional effectiveness and long term retention giving examples and support strategies on how to implement these qualities and characteristics into a robust curriculum.
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  28. Aristotle on Co-causes of One’s Dispositions.Filip Grgić - 2017 - Elenchos 38 (1-2):107-126.
    In this paper I offer a close reading of Aristotle’s argument in the Nicomachean Ethics 3.5.1114a31–b25 and try to show that despite considerable interpretive difficulties, some clear structure can nevertheless be discerned. While Aristotle’s main concern in this passage is to refute the so-called asymmetry thesis – the thesis that virtue is voluntary, but vice is not – there is much more in it than just a dialectical encounter. Aristotle wants to respond to a more general objection, which has as (...)
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  29.  8
    Culture as Human Nature in Vital Dispositions come via Mandate (Xing Zi Ming Chu, 性自命出).Shuchen Xiang - forthcoming - Asian Philosophy:1-20.
    This paper analyses the text Vital Dispositions Come Via Mandate (Xing Zi Ming Chu, 性自命出) and argues that central to its account of the cultivation of inner virtue are the affections (qing, 情), the heart-mind (xin, 心), and the techniques of the heart-mind (xinshu, 心术; or simply ‘culture’). Qing, it is argued, are intersubjective, socio-culturally produced non-sensory data that act on the heart-mind and serve as the foundation for moral behavior. Qing is encoded in cultural forms such as Music (...)
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  30. Dispositional essentialism and the grounding of natural modality.Siegfried Jaag - 2014 - Philosophers' Imprint 14.
    Dispositional essentialism is a non-Humean view about the essences of certain fundamental or natural properties that looms large in recent metaphysics , not least because it promises to explain neatly the natural modalities such as laws of nature, counterfactuals, causation and chance. In the current paper, however, several considerations are presented that indicate a serious tension between its essentialist core thesis and natural “metaphysical” interpretations of its central explanatory claims.
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  31.  19
    Commentary on" The Time Frame of Preferences, Dispositions, and the Validity of Advance Directives for the Mentally Ill".Rebecca Dresser - 1998 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 5 (3):247-249.
  32. The origins of aggression sex differences: Evolved dispositions versus social roles.Alice H. Eagly & Wendy Wood - 1999 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22 (2):223-224.
    The ultimate causes of sex differences in human aggressive behavior can lie mainly in evolved, inherited mechanisms that differ by sex or mainly in the differing placement of women and men in the social structure. The present commentary contrasts Campbell's evolutionary interpretation of aggression sex differences with a social structural interpretation that encompasses a wider range of phenomena.
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  33. Universal sex differences across patriarchal cultures [not equal] evolved psychological dispositions.Alice H. Eagly & Wendy Wood - 2005 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28 (2):281-283.
    Schmitt's findings provide little evidence that sex differences in sociosexuality are explained by evolved dispositions. These sex differences are better explained by an evolutionary account that treats the psychological attributes of women and men as emergent, given the biological attributes of the sexes, especially female reproductive capacity, and the economic and social structural aspects of societies.
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  34.  23
    Organizational structures and practices are better predictors of suicide terror threats than individual psychological dispositions.Hector Qirko - 2014 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37 (4):374-375.
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  35. Powers, Dispositions, and Counterfactual Conditionals.Ferenc Huoranszki - 2012 - Hungarian Philosophical Review 56 (4):33-54.
    We often say that persons had, have, or will have the power to do certain things. But do we have reasons to ascribe powers to inanimate objects as well? And if we do, is there any difference between ascribing a power and understanding what an object is disposed to do? Are objects’ powers dispositions in this sense? In this paper I shall argue that we need to distinguish powers from dispositions for certain theoretical purposes. Most ‘disposition terms’ in (...)
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  36. Dispositions and Powers.Toby Friend & Samuel Kimpton-Nye - 2023 - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Edited by Tuomas E. Tahko.
    As we understand them, dispositions are relatively uncontroversial 'predicatory' properties had by objects disposed in certain ways. By contrast, powers are hypothetical 'ontic' properties posited in order to explain dispositional behaviour. Chapter 1 outlines this distinction in more detail. Chapter 2 offers a summary of the issues surrounding analysis of dispositions and various strategies in contemporary literature to address them, including one of our own. Chapter 3 describes some of the important questions facing the metaphysics of powers including (...)
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  37.  50
    Dispositional Pluralism.Jennifer McKitrick (ed.) - 2018 - Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
    Jennifer McKitrick offers an opinionated guide to the philosophy of dispositions. In her view, when an object has a disposition, it is such that, if a certain type of circumstance were to occur, a certain kind of event would occur. Since this is very common for this to be the case, dispositions are an abundant and diverse feature of our world.
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  38.  21
    Commentary on" The Time Frame of Preferences, Dispositions, and the Validity of Advance Directives for the Mentally Ill".Dan W. Brock - 1998 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 5 (3):251-253.
  39. Emotional expectations. Husserlian reflections on our emotional relation to the future and the possibility of regulating the emergence of stressful dispositions.Celia Cabrera - 2023 - In Susi Ferrarello & Christos Hadjioannou, The Routledge Handbook of Phenomenology of Mindfulness. New York, NY: Routledge.
  40. A dispositional account of self-knowledge.Steven Yalowitz - 2000 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 61 (2):249-278.
    It is widely thought that dispositional accounts of content cannot adequately provide for two of its essential features: normativity and non-inferentially-based self-knowledge. This paper argues that these criticisms depend upon having wrongly bracketed the presumption of first-person authority. With that presumption in place, dispositional conceptions can account for normativity: conditions of correctness must then be presumed, ceteris paribus, to be successfully grasped in particular cases, and thus to result from semantic-constituting dispositions; error occurs when cetera are not paria. An (...)
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  41. (1 other version)Dispositions.Stephen Mumford - 1994 - Cogito 8 (2):141-146.
    Mumford puts forward a new theory of dispositions, showing how central their role in metaphysics and philosophy of science is. Much of our understanding of the physical and psychological world is expressed in terms of dispositional properties--from the spin of a sub-atomic particle to the solubility of sugar. Mumford discusses what it means to say that something has a property of this kind and how dispositions can possibly be real things in the world.
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  42. Conditionals, functional essences and Martin on dispositions.Stephen Mumford - 1996 - Philosophical Quarterly 46 (182):86-92.
  43. Dispositions.Stephen Mumford - 1998 - Oxford, GB: Clarendon Press.
    Stephen Mumford puts forward a new theory of dispositions, showing how central their role is in metaphysics and philosophy of science. Much of our understanding of the physical and psychological world is expressed in terms of dispositional properties--from the solubility of sugar to the belief that zebras have stripes. Mumford discusses what it means to say that something has a property of this kind, and how dispositions can possibly be real things in the world. His clear, straightforward, realist (...)
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  44. Disposition Impossible.C. S. Jenkins & Daniel Nolan - 2012 - Noûs 46 (4):732-753.
    Are there dispositions which not only do not manifest, but which could not manifest? We argue that there are dispositions to Ф in circumstances C where C is impossible, and some where Ф is impossible. Furthermore, postulating these dispositions does useful theoretical work. This paper describes a number of cases of dispositions had by objects even though those dispositions are not possibly manifest, and argues for the importance of these dispositions.
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  45. Symmetries, dispositions and essences.Vassilios Livanios - 2010 - Philosophical Studies 148 (2):295 - 305.
    Dispositional essentialists ultimately appeal to dispositional essences in order to provide (a) an explanation of the conservation of physical quantities and (b) identity conditions for fundamental physical properties. This paper aims to offer alternative suggestions based on symmetry considerations and exhibits their consequences for the thesis of dispositional essentialism.
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  46.  34
    L’argument du « miracle perpétuel » et ses conséquences. Dispositions naturelles et action de la créature dans les derniers écrits de Leibniz.Francesco Piro - 2016 - Les Etudes Philosophiques 163 (3):407.
  47. Dispositions: A Debate.Tim Crane, D. M. Armstrong & C. B. Martin - 1996 - New York: Routledge. Edited by C. B. Martin, U. T. Place & Tim Crane.
    Dispositions are essential to our understanding of the world. Dispositions: A Debate is an extended dialogue between three distinguished philosophers - D.M. Armstrong, C.B. Martin and U.T. Place - on the many problems associated with dispositions, which reveals their own distinctive accounts of the nature of dispositions. These are then linked to other issues such as the nature of mind, matter, universals, existence, laws of nature and causation.
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  48. Realism, functionalism and the conditional analysis of dispositions.Wolfgang Malzkorn - 2000 - Philosophical Quarterly 50 (201):452-469.
  49.  49
    Laws, Dispositions, Memory: Three Hypotheses on the Order of the World.Joël Dolbeault - 2021 - Metaphysica 22 (1):101-121.
    The more science progresses, the more it is evident that the physical world presents regularities. This raises a metaphysical problem: why is the world so ordered? In the first part of the article, I attempt to clarify this problem and justify its relevance. In the following three parts, I analyze three hypotheses already formulated in philosophy in response to this problem: the hypothesis that the order of the world is explained 1) by laws of nature, 2) by dispositions of (...)
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  50.  66
    Dispositions of the Will.Jean Porter - 2013 - Philosophia 41 (2):289-300.
    According to Aquinas (1888–1906), the virtue of justice is a habit, that is to say, a stable disposition of the will. Many commentators have found this claim to be puzzling, since it is difficult to see what this might entail, beyond a simple tendency to choose and act in accordance with precepts of justice. However, this objection does not take account of the fact that for Aquinas, the will is the principle of human freedom, and as such, it is expressed (...)
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