Este artículo se divide en tres partes. En la primera, la Autora describe las razones del particular interés que Borges, en cuanto lector, mostró por la filosofía medieval. En la segunda parte, la más extensa, señala notas fundamentales del neoplatonismo medieval y muestra cómo el escritor argentino aplicó resonancias de esas notas en la construcción de su propio trabajo literario. En este sentido, son especialmente rastreadas tesis de Escoto Erígena y Nicolás de Cusa. Por último, la Autora (...) sugiere que, a pesar del uso funcional del neoplatonismo medieval que hace en sus poemas y ensayos, Borges fue escéptico acerca de esa perspectiva filosófica. (shrink)

En el neoplatonismo medieval el concepto de causalidad es asociado al de manifestación para dar razón de la creación divina de mundo como teofanía. El problema radical al que se enfrenta el pensar en los diversos autores estudiados, de Eriúgena a Eckhart, es el de explicar cómo el Absoluto —Ser, Bien y Unidad más allá de todo ente―podría comunicar el ser a la criatura y cuál sería entonces la condición metafísica de posibilidad de la alteridad.

It is necessary to consider medieval Western Neoplatonism as a current of thought inserted in a wide cultural atmosphere where liturgical, theological, aesthetic, and artistic patterns play an important role as elements of a common historical past. In this article the author argues to what extent Neoplatonic concepts (Epiphany, Negative Theology, Theology of Light and Metaphor of Light) derived from Johannes Scotus Eriugena, translator of the Corpus Areopagiticum into latin, relate to the Iconography of Crist-Light or Maiestas domini in (...) a mandorle of light. Writings of various thinkers, paintings from the 12th century and medieval epigraphy are taken as primary sources in order to understand the relationship between Neoplatonism and Iconography in the European Middle Ages. (shrink)

It is necessary to consider medieval Western Neoplatonism as a current of thought inserted in a wide cultural atmosphere where liturgical, theological, aesthetic, and artistic patterns play an important role as elements of a common historical past. In this article the author argues to what extent Neoplatonic concepts (Epiphany, Negative Theology, Theology of Light and Metaphor of Light) derived from Johannes Scotus Eriugena, translator of the Corpus Areopagiticum into latin, relate to the Iconography of Crist-Light or Maiestas domini in (...) a mandorle of light. Writings of various thinkers, paintings from the 12th century and medieval epigraphy are taken as primary sources in order to understand the relationship between Neoplatonism and Iconography in the European Middle Ages. (shrink)

En este trabajo se estudia el caso de la cosmología del filósofo y científico Robert Grosseteste como un ejemplo de la notable influencia del neoplatonismo en la ciencia medieval. Uno de los propósitos de la cosmología de Grosseteste consistió en explicar la secuencia efectiva de la creación del cosmos. Sostengo que la explicación que ofrece Grosseteste acerca de la creación es una expresión renovada de algunas ideas de Plotino a propósito de cómo el Uno engendra lo múltiple. Me (...) interesa resaltar tres aspectos de la estrecha relación entre el sistema cosmológico de Grosseteste y el sistema metafísico de Plotino: Unidad de principio, Mecanismos de generación y Unidad del sistema. (shrink)

This paper is divided into three parts. In the first part, the A. describes Borges’ particular concern about medieval philosophy as a reader. In the second and larger part, she refers to medieval neoplatonism main notes and claims that the argentine writer applied echoes of those notes to the development of his own literature. In this sense, Scotus Erigena and Nicholas Cusanus’thesis are specially quoted. Lastly, the A. suggests that, in spite of the use of medieval neoplatonism (...) in his poems and essays, Borges was skeptical about it as a philosophical point of view.Este artículo se divide en tres partes. En la primera, la Autora describe las razones del particular interés que Borges, en cuanto lector, mostró por la filosofía medieval. En la segunda parte, la más extensa, señala notas fundamentales del neoplatonismo medieval y muestra cómo el escritor argentino aplicó resonancias de esas notas en la construcción de su propio trabajo literario. En este sentido, son especialmente rastreadas tesis de Escoto Erígena y Nicolás de Cusa. Por último, la Autora sugiere que, a pesar del uso funcional del neoplatonismo medieval que hace en sus poemas y ensayos, Borges fue escéptico acerca de esa perspectiva filosófica. (shrink)

This article exposes the neoplatonic element present in the metaphysics of causality elaborated in the seventeenth century by Leibniz. It explains this question in relation with medieval Neoplatonism, whose metaphysics of the Verb appears as the nucleus of the explanation of the relationship between causality and otherness.

This article exposes the neoplatonic element present in the metaphysics of causality elaborated in the seventeenth century by Leibniz. It explains this question in relation with medieval Neoplatonism, whose metaphysics of the Verb appears as the nucleus of the explanation of the relationship between causality and otherness.

This article analyzes the evolution of aesthetic role of the nature in the Middle Ages from the point of view of the philosophical systems influence on the interpretation of the corporal as a legitim way to the knowledge of the truth. it studies the intimate approach of neo-platonism, the shaping of its premises in the rejection of physical beauty and the change that occured after the assimilation of Aristotelianism toward a naturalistic outsourcing of the intellectual and artistic interests.

Apresentar ao pesquisador da história da filosofia os fundamentos e o quão rico e fértil são as contribuições do Neoplatonismo no decorrer da Idade Média, o objeto da organização deste volume. Para tal foram mobilizados grandes especialistas da área que generosamente colaboraram na elaboração do presente número da Revista de Ética e Filosofia Política da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Palavras-chave: Neoplatonismo, Filosofia Medieval, Plotino, Gnosticismo, Proclo, Agostinho, João Escoto Erígena, Al-Kindi, Alberto Magno, Mestre Eckhart, Nicolau (...) de Cusa, Ficino. (shrink)

Este artículo presenta algunas de las visiones filosóficas más influyentes sobre la memoria, la verdad y la justicia en el Medioevo cristiano. En todasellas están presentes, en proporción diferente, las dos tradiciones dominantes, el neoplatonismo y el aristotelismo. San Agustín, Avicena y Tomás de Aquino encarnan perspectivas crecientemente desplatonizadas sobre la memoria. En cuanto al concepto de verdad, tanto el modelo teocéntrico de Agustín como el adecuacionista de Tomás son expresiones de una corriente principal que declina en el siglo (...) XIV. Finalmente, mientras que Agustín introduce de modo crítico la definición ciceroniana de la justicia, basada en la teoría grecorromana de la ley natural, Aquino coordina sistemáticamente teísmo cristiano, ley natural y naturalismo político aristotélico. (shrink)

Lo que se introduce como metafísica de la luz adherida a una connotación religiosa, resulta ser uno de los temas más dominantes y discutidos durante el período medieval, aunque más exhaustivamente abordado durante el período escolástico, es decir, desde finales del siglo IX hasta mediados del siglo XIV. Sin embargo, las reflexiones sobre la idea de "lux" se iniciaron con el neoplatonismo, más precisamente con el egipcio Plotino, quien abanderó la idea de revitalizar la doctrina de la Academia, (...) que fue fundada por Platón. De hecho, la consideración de la luz se destaca como uno de los elementos que repercutió en la filosofía patrística medieval, estableciendo una base sólida para las formulaciones del dogma cristiano. Teniendo esto en cuenta, el propósito del artículo es introducir algunos significados del concepto de lux, tal como lo desarrolló Plotino. (shrink)

Il sistema speculativo di Giovanni Scoto Eriugena è tra i più complessi del panorama medievale. Nel _Periphyseon_, la grande opera sistematica dell’Irlandese, l’analogia occupa un ruolo centrale. Seguendo il neoplatonismo, Eriugena utilizza l’analogia come legge cosmica che governa la processione del molteplice dall’Uno e organizza la relazione tra natura e Principio. Nel procedere delle nature dall’Uno, invece, si articola come partecipazione; in ultima istanza soggiace come fondamento della dialettica in quanto arte del ragionare aprendo a un complesso discorso sulla (...) relazione tra dialettica e retorica. Questo articolo vuole analizzare due questioni: quali siano le basi testuali attraverso cui i medievali hanno potuto utilizzare l’analogia come strumento argomentativo e filosofico; in che misura, nell’opera eriugeniana, l’analogia divenga da un lato metodo della rappresentazione del mondo, dall’altro strumento cognitivo. _The speculative system of Giovanni Scoto Eriugena is one of the most complexes in the medieval panorama. In the _Periphyseon_, his greatest systematic work, analogy occupies a central role. Following Neoplatonism, Eriugena uses analogy as a cosmic law that governs the procession of natures from the One and organizes the relationship between reality and its origin. In the proceeding of natures from One, however, the analogy is articulated as participation. The analogy is underlain as the foundation of dialectics as the art of reasoning, leading to a complex discourse on the relationship between dialectic and rhetoric._ _This article aims to analyze two issues in particular: what are the textual bases through which the medieval thinkers were able to use analogy as an argumentative and philosophical device; to investigate how, in the Eriugenian work, the analogy becomes both a method of representing the world and a cognitive device._. (shrink)

En los capítulos tercero y cuarto de Sobre los nombres divinos, Dionisio desentraña el significado y el papel que poseen la unidad y el ser. Es un autor que, fruto de la absorción del pensamiento del neoplatonismo y de la tradición griega, ha marcado profundamente la filosofía y la teología medieval. La reflexión del filósofo francés Jean-Luc Marion sobre la eminencia del nombre conduce a la consideración de la Bondad como expresión del don originario de Dios.

El cristianismo incorpora la creación a partir de la nada para romper con la concepción antigua del mundo eterno, no creado. Sin embargo, los distintos filósofos de los primeros tiempos cristianos comprenden esta creación de diversas maneras. En este artículo daremos cuenta de la originalidad de la comprensión que realiza de esta fórmula Juan Escoto Eriúgena (s. IX), haciendo referencia a algunas de sus fuentes. Seguidamente daremos lugar al análisis de tres obras de historia de la filosofía de la Modernidad, (...) que supieron ser fuentes para el idealismo alemán, en lo referente a la presentación de este punto del pensamiento del autor medieval. Los tres historiadores de la filosofía, pertenecientes a diversas corrientes filosóficas, son J. J. Brucker (1696-1770), W. G. Tennemann (1761-1819) y T. A. Rixner (1766-1838). (shrink)

El lenguaje ha sido desde sus orígenes y en sus variadas formas el instrumento privilegiado para transmitir el conocimiento. Por ello, en los contextos teóricos de la gnoseología y la metafísica, la historia del pensamiento se ha cuestionado incesantemente la relación entre lenguaje, conocimiento y realidad. En el siglo VI d.C., Damascio de Siria, último escolarca de la Academia platónica de Atenas, plantea la paradoja de un principio o fundamento metafísico inaccesible al conocimiento y a la vez un uso del (...) lenguaje que, desde la conciencia de la propia construcción, remite a la instancia inaccesible para elaborar una representación simbólica de lo inefable. El presente trabajo analiza esa paradoja en el tratado De principii (Περὶ ἀρχῶν), donde Damascio niega la identidad entre el conocimiento y su objeto en favor de una trascendencia unitaria que se despliega como Verdad y Bien. Se examina por último la posibilidad de considerar esta última afirmación como un antecedente para la doctrina medieval de los conceptos trascendentales del ser. (shrink)

Alberto Magno aprovecha lo mejor del neoplatonismo y del aristotelismo. Examina la doctrina aristotélica sobre el deseo de la verdad presente en la naturaleza humana y la ciencia metafísica que permite intuir la fuente de ese deseo, pero éste es analizado con más profundidad por el Pseudo Dionisio, siendo la ciencia teológica la que da más respuestas y la ciencia más universal, porque logra una mayor perfección no sólo intelectual sino de toda la persona.

La presente versión del tratado De Bono Habitu Liber o El libro sobre la buena condición, de Galeno de Pérgamo, se presenta al lector de habla hispana como un acercamiento a la prolífca obra flosófca de quien fuera reconocido en su época como un notable médico anatomista y físico. Los argumentos expuestos por el autor acerca de la ‘buena condición’ dan cuenta de la infuencia retórica de Platón y Aristóteles, al mismo tiempo, de las enseñanzas médicas de Hipócrates. Junto al (...) texto original y la traducción al español, se ofrece una versión en latín empleada en el proceso de traducción como un apoyo para resolver las difcultades textuales y léxicas que presentaba el texto griego, al permitir confrontar una recepción medieval del tratado. (shrink)

Annotation Scholars of medieval scholastic philosophy as well as those who study semiotics will appreciate this side-by-side translation, with introduction, by Doyle (Saint Louis U.) of a late 16th-early 17th century Jesuit text. The text (its name is taken from the U. of Coimbra, in Portugal, where the authors taught) contains commentaries on Aristotle, as part of a course in philosophy, particularly logic. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).

New translations of the central mediaeval texts on the problem of universals are presented here in an affordable edition suitable for use in courses in mediaeval philosophy, history of mediaeval philosophy, and universals. Includes a concise Introduction, glossary of important terms, notes, and bibliography.

The story Wippel tells in this brief but valuable volume is a familiar one, of how the early medieval consensus on the relationship between faith and reason collapsed in the thirteenth century under siege from radical Aristotelians at the University of Paris. Wippel gives his account in clear terms especially well suited to beginning students. Although there are few novelties in this volume, everything is based on the most up-to-date research, and a third of the volume consists of detailed (...) notes that will be the most valuable resource here for scholars already familiar with the basic story. (shrink)

Wilfrid Sellars charged that mediaeval philosophers confused the genuine intentionality of thinking with what he called the “pseudo-intentionality” of sensing. I argue that Sellars’s charge rests on importing a form of mind/body dualism that was foreign to the Middle Ages, but that he does touch on a genuine difficulty for mediaeval theories, namely whether they have the conceptual resources to distinguish between intentionality as a feature of consciousness and mere discriminative responses to the environment. In the end, it seems, intentionality (...) cannot be “the mark of the mental” as contemporary philosophy usually takes it. (shrink)

Originally published in 1967, this volume provides an account of the early development of English education. The schools and universities of the mediaeval period arose to meet the social needs of that time. The book charts developments up to the sixteenth century when the Reformation brought profound social and religious changes which affected education: not only the organisation of schools and universities but also the curriculum. This was the turning point when the foundations of an educational system, in the modern (...) sense of the term, were laid. (shrink)

This article deals with several mediaeval Muslim thinkers who gave sympathetic attention to the religions of India, such as al-Bīrūnī, al-Gardīzī, Amīr Khusraw and Dārā Shukōh. The main part of the paper analyses the thought of the 18th century Indian Muslim thinker Mirzā Maẓhar Jān-i Jānān. Several scholars have maintained that Jān-i Jānān regarded the Hindūs as monotheists and the Vedas as divinely inspired. The conclusion reached here is that this assessment is exaggerated. While Jān-i Jānān concedes that the Hindūs (...) of the pre-Islamic era had their own prophets and believed in a religion that pleased God, the Hindūs who have lived since the coming of Islām without joining its fold are infidels. (shrink)

Paul Oskar Kristeller, Frederick Woodbridge professor emeritus of philosophy at Columbia University, was a major scholar of Renaissance philosophy and Renaissance humanism. He was born Paul Oskar Gräfenberg in Berlin but took the name of his stepfather at age 14. His father died shortly after Paul Oskar's birth. He attended school at Mommsen Gymnasium in Berlin. In 1923 Kristeller started college, studying philosophy, medieval history, and mathematics at Heidelberg, Freiburg, and Marburg between the years 1923-1928. He earned a Ph.D. (...) in 1928 at the University of Heidelberg, with a thesis on Plotinus. With the rise of the National Socialist government in Germany and its racist and anti-Semitic policies, he went to Italy in 1933, remaining there until 1938 when the Mussolini regime gained more power. He obtained a position at Yale University, then a permanent faculty position at Columbia University in 1939, where he spent the rest of his career. His talk, Renaissance Philosophy and the Mediaeval Tradition, was given as part of the Wimmer Memorial Lecture Series at Saint Vincent in 1961, and was published two years later. The widely-published and internationally-recognized scholar died in 1999 at the age of 94. (shrink)

In this book Tobias Hoffmann studies the medieval free will debate during its liveliest period, from the 1220s to the 1320s, and clarifies its background in Aristotle, Augustine, and earlier medieval thinkers. Among the wide range of authors he examines are not only well-known thinkers such as Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, and William of Ockham, but also a number of authors who were just as important in their time and deserve to be rediscovered today. To shed further light (...) on their theories of free will, Hoffmann also explores their competing philosophical explanations of the fall of the angels, that is, the hypothesis of an evil choice made by rational beings under optimal psychological conditions. As he shows, this test case imposed limits on tracing free choices to cognition. His book provides a comprehensive account of a debate that was central to medieval philosophy and continues to occupy philosophers today. (shrink)

Contrary to what might be expected given a religious or other motivation, Pierre Duhem's interest in mediaeval science was the result of his surprise encounter with Jordanus de Nemore while working on Les origines de la statique in the late autumn of 1903. Historical assumptions common among physicists at that time may explain this surprise, which occasioned a frantic search for more mediaeval precursors for Renaissance mechanics. It also raised serious historiographical problems that threatened even his methodological views, until they (...) were resolved in his To save the phenomena of 1908. (shrink)

DMet 10: Prime matter is the origin of all quantities. Hence it is the origin of every dimension of continuous quantity whatever. ...

Originally published in 1967, this volume provides an account of the early development of English education. The schools and universities of the mediaeval period arose to meet the social needs of that time. The book charts developments up to the sixteenth century when the Reformation brought profound social and religious changes which affected education: not only the organisation of schools and universities but also the curriculum. This was the turning point when the foundations of an educational system, in the modern (...) sense of the term, were laid. (shrink)

The first volume of the Mediaeval Commentaries on the Sentences of Peter Lombard (=MCS1) edited by G. R. Evans in 2002 provided the first comprehensive study of those works that house much Latin medieval philosophy from the middle of the twelfth century to Martin Luther in the sixteenth century. Philipp Rosemann rounded out this project in 2007 with The Story of a Great Medieval Book: Peter Lombard's Sentences (Peterborough, ON: Broadview), which serves as an introduction to the second (...) volume he has now edited of the MCS (=MCS2). These volumes provide much of the context for Latin philosophical work in the later Middle Ages, which is arguably the most understudied period of Western thought. Steven Livesey gives .. (shrink)