Die vorliegende kritische Edition stellt die erste vollständige, alle vier Kollegs umfassende sowie alle verfügbaren Autographen Schleiermachers inkludierende Ausgabe der Vorlesungen zur Psychologie dar. Neben den Manuskripten Schleiermachers aus den Sommersemestern 1818, 1821, 1830 und dem Wintersemester 1833/34 wird zu jedem Kolleg eine Hörernachschrift geboten, womit zugleich erstmalig eine Dokumentation der Vorlesung von 1821 erfolgt. Alle Texte sind philologisch gesichert und chronologisch angeordnet. Durch die Vollständigkeit der Quellen und die textkritischen Apparate geht die Edition weit über die erste Ausgabe der (...) Seelenlehre in den Sämmtlichen Werken hinaus und stellt Grundlagen zur Verfügung, die die Psychologie Schleiermachers wieder ins Bewusstsein der Forschung rücken und neu einordnen können. (shrink)

Nach dem Erscheinen der beiden Vorlesungsbände zur Psychologie (KGA II/13) und zur Ästhetik (KGA II/14) im Rahmen der Kritischen Gesamtausgabe der Werke Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermachers liegen verbindliche und vollständige Textgrundlagen vor, die dazu einladen, sich den anthropologischen und ästhetischen Themen Schleiermachers neu zuzuwenden. Von DER Anthropologie Schleiermachers kann nicht gesprochen werden. Er selbst hat eine solche Disziplin nur randständig und wenig konturiert beschrieben. Gleichwohl durchziehen Menschenbildannahmen sein philosophisches und theologisches Werk. Entsprechend breit fächern sich die Beiträge auf und beleuchten (...) anthropologische Fragen aus pädagogischer, theologischer oder psychologischer Sicht und bauen Brücken zu zeitgenössischen (etwa Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi) oder späteren (Ernst Cassirer) Entwürfen. Ästhetik ist die letzte philosophische Disziplin, die Schleiermacher in den Zyklus seiner philosophischen Vorlesungen aufnahm, wobei er über ihre ethische Fundierung bereits in seinen ersten Hallenser Vorlesungen reflektierte. Die Beiträge zur Ästhetik schlagen einen Bogen von der Urbildtheorie, der Praktischen Theologie und der Musikrezeption Schleiermachers bis hin zur Kunsttheorie von Aby Warburg. (shrink)

Die Textkritische Edition von Schleiermachers Vorlesungen über die Pädagogik und dessen Voten zum öffentlichen Unterricht bietet die zentralen pädagogischen Texte Schleiermachers erstmalig philologisch gesichert und chronologisch geordnet in einem Band. Im Rahmen seines Direktorats bei der „Wissenschaftlichen Deputation“ in Berlin und als Mitglied der „Sektion für den öffentlichen Unterricht“ beim Ministerium des Inneren verfasste Schleiermacher eine Reihe von erziehungstheoretisch bedeutsamen Voten, die als Manuskripte erhalten sind und hier größtenteils zum ersten Mal veröffentlicht oder erstmalig in textkritischer Gestalt geboten werden. Während (...) das Kolleg von 1813/14 auf Aufzeichnungen von Schleiermachers Hand beruht, die sekundär überliefert sind, werden die Pädagogik-Vorlesungen von 1820/21 und 1826 dank einer veränderten Quellenlage nicht kompiliert, sondern als zusammenhängende Texte auf der Grundlage jeweils einer studentischen Aufzeichnung von Schleiermachers Vorlesung präsentiert. Der Band II/12 ist nicht nur für die Schleiermacherforschung allgemein bedeutsam, sondern auch für die erziehungswissenschaftliche Forschung, insbesondere für die pädagogische Theoriebildung. (shrink)

Die Textkritische Edition von Schleiermachers Vorlesungen über die Pädagogik und dessen Voten zum öffentlichen Unterricht bietet die zentralen pädagogischen Texte Schleiermachers erstmalig philologisch gesichert und chronologisch geordnet in einem Band. Im Rahmen seines Direktorats bei der „Wissenschaftlichen Deputation“ in Berlin und als Mitglied der „Sektion für den öffentlichen Unterricht“ beim Ministerium des Inneren verfasste Schleiermacher eine Reihe von erziehungstheoretisch bedeutsamen Voten, die als Manuskripte erhalten sind und hier größtenteils zum ersten Mal veröffentlicht oder erstmalig in textkritischer Gestalt geboten werden. Während (...) das Kolleg von 1813/14 auf Aufzeichnungen von Schleiermachers Hand beruht, die sekundär überliefert sind, werden die Pädagogik-Vorlesungen von 1820/21 und 1826 dank einer veränderten Quellenlage nicht kompiliert, sondern als zusammenhängende Texte auf der Grundlage jeweils einer studentischen Aufzeichnung von Schleiermachers Vorlesung präsentiert. Der Band II/12 ist nicht nur für die Schleiermacherforschung allgemein bedeutsam, sondern auch für die erziehungswissenschaftliche Forschung, insbesondere für die pädagogische Theoriebildung. (shrink)

Early Modern German Philosophy (1690-1750) makes some of the key texts of early German thought available in English, in most cases for the first time. The translations range from texts by the most important figures of the period, including Christian Thomasius, Christian Wolff, Christian August Crusius, and Georg Friedrich Meier, as well as texts by consequential but less familiar thinkers such as Dorothea Christiane Erxleben, Theodor Ludwig Lau, Friedrich Wilhelm Stosch, and Joachim Lange. The topics covered range across (...) a number of areas of theoretical philosophy, including metaphysics (the immortality of the soul, materialism and its refutation, the pre-established harmony), epistemology (the principle of sufficient reason, the limits of reason with respect to matters of faith), and logic (the role of prejudices in cognition and the doctrine of truth). (shrink)

Dorothea Olkowski's exploration of the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze clarifies the gifted French thinker's writings for specialists and nonspecialists alike. Deleuze, she says, accomplished the "ruin of representation," the complete overthrow of hierarchic, organic thought in philosophy, politics, aesthetics, and ethics, as well as in society at large. In Deleuze's philosophy of difference, she discovers the source of a new ontology of change, which in turn opens up the creation of new modes of life and thought, not only in (...) philosophy and feminism but wherever creation is at stake. The work of contemporary artist Mary Kelly has been central to Olkowski's thinking. In Kelly she finds an artist at work whose creative acts are in themselves the ruin of representation as a whole, and the text is illustrated with Kelly's art. This original and provocative account of Deleuze contributes significantly to a critical feminist politics and philosophy, as well as to an understanding of feminist art. (shrink)

This clearly designed and illustrated book is dedicated to a complete overview of Richard Meier's Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art, completed in 1995. Located in the area of the Casa de la Caritat, a former monastic enclave, this extraordinary building maintains a unique dialogue between the city's old urban fabric and the contemporary art housed within the museum. Barcelona's first institution devoted entirely to twentieth-century art, this museum synthesizes the striking contemporaneity of its bold architecture and the rich medieval (...) history of its context. Meier's masterful use of materials -- pristine white aluminum panels, glass, stucco, and granite -- and characteristic modern style emphasize a play of solid and void, light and shadow, through the museum's fluid, geometric forms. An external ramp leads from the sweeping plaza to a triple-height atrium space. An internal, glass-enclosed ramp unfolds vertically along the front facade of the building, offering breathtaking vistas of a sixteenth-century church and the romantic city beyond and leading to three floors of open exhibition areas. This unique publication documents the dramatic design with preliminary sketches, models, drawings, and lavish color photographs. (shrink)

Imagine you are walking through a park. Suddenly, a mugger points a gun at you, threatening to shoot you if you do not hand over your valuables. Is this an instance of domination? Many authors working within the neo-republican framework - including Philip Pettit himself - are inclined to say 'yes'. After all, the mugger case seems to be a paradigmatic example of what it means to be at someone's mercy. However, I argue that this conclusion is based on a (...) misleading, interactional account of domination that misconceives its structural character. Domination, I maintain, is a structurally constituted form of power. Whether the mugger in the park dominates you or not can only be established by analysing the wider power structures in which your interaction is embedded. (shrink)

Machine intelligence already helps medical staff with a number of tasks. Ethical decision-making, however, has not been handed over to computers. In this proof-of-concept study, we show how an algorithm based on Beauchamp and Childress’ prima-facie principles could be employed to advise on a range of moral dilemma situations that occur in medical institutions. We explain why we chose fuzzy cognitive maps to set up the advisory system and how we utilized machine learning to train it. We report on the (...) difficult task of operationalizing the principles of beneficence, non-maleficence and patient autonomy, and describe how we selected suitable input parameters that we extracted from a training dataset of clinical cases. The first performance results are promising, but an algorithmic approach to ethics also comes with several weaknesses and limitations. Should one really entrust the sensitive domain of clinical ethics to machine intelligence? (shrink)

Lockean views of personal identity maintain that we are essentially persons who persist diachronically by virtue of being psychologically continuous with our former selves. In this article, I present a novel objection to this variant of psychological accounts, which is based on neurophysiological characteristics of the brain. While the mental states that constitute said psychological continuity reside in the cerebral hemispheres, so that for the former to persist only the upper brain must remain intact, being conscious additionally requires that a (...) structure originating in the brainstem—the ascending reticular activating system—be functional. Hence, there can be situations in which even small brainstem lesions render individuals irreversibly comatose and thus forever preclude access to their mental states, while the neural correlates of the states themselves are retained. In these situations, Lockeans are forced to regard as fulfilled their criterion of diachronic persistence since psychological continuity, as they construe it, is not disrupted. Deeming an entity that is never again going to have any mental experiences to be a person, however, is an untenable position for a psychological account to adopt. In their current form, Lockean views of personal identity are therefore incompatible with human neurophysiology. (shrink)

In their paper "Remembering," first published in the Philosophical Review in 1966, Martin and Deutscher develop what has since come to be known as the Causal Theory of Memory. The core claim of the Causal Theory of Memory runs as follows: If someone remembers something, whether it be "public," such as a car accident, or "private," such as an itch, then the following criteria must be fulfilled: 1. Within certain limits of accuracy he represents that past thing. 2. I f (...) the thing was "public," then he observed what he now represents. If the thing was "private," then it was his. 3. His past experience of the thing was operative in producing a state or successive states in him finally operative in producing his representation. These three statements express the condition which we consider to be separately necessary and jointly sufficient, if an event is to be an instance of remembering. (shrink)

Dorothea B. Heitsch is Assistant Professor of French and German at Shippensburg University in Pennsylvania.

The aim of this chapter is to show how what I call critical republicanism can be developed on the basis of Pettit’s neo-republicanism. On the one hand, I argue that with regard to all three of the most important elements of a republican theory of non-domination, its normative core, the conception of domination, and its institutional implications, Pettit’s neo-republicanism does contain a powerful critical potential, too easily dismissed by some of his critics. On the other hand, I show how this (...) critical potential can be strengthened by reconceptualizing each of the elements of his theory of domination from a perspective inspired by the Kantian line of republican thought and contemporary Frankfurt School-style critical theory. (shrink)

: Luce Irigaray is often cited as the principle feminist who adheres to phenomenology as a method of descriptive philosophy. A different approach to Irigaray might well open the way to not only an avoidance of phenomenology's sexist tendencies, but the recognition that the breach between Irigaray's ideas and those of phenomenology is complete. I argue that this occurs and that Irigaray's work directly implicates a Bergsonian critique of the limits of phenomenology.

Dorothea Olkowski's exploration of the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze clarifies the gifted French thinker's writings for specialists and nonspecialists alike. Deleuze, she says, accomplished the "ruin of representation," the complete overthrow of hierarchic, organic thought in philosophy, politics, aesthetics, and ethics, as well as in society at large. In Deleuze's philosophy of difference, she discovers the source of a new ontology of change, which in turn opens up the creation of new modes of life and thought, not only in (...) philosophy and feminism but wherever creation is at stake. The work of contemporary artist Mary Kelly has been central to Olkowski's thinking. In Kelly she finds an artist at work whose creative acts are in themselves the ruin of representation as a whole, and the text is illustrated with Kelly's art. This original and provocative account of Deleuze contributes significantly to a critical feminist politics and philosophy, as well as to an understanding of feminist art. (shrink)

The collection also contains a comprehensive bibliography of feminist thinkers who are enacting French philosophy in English, German, and French.

Can machine intelligence do clinical ethics? And if so, would applying it to actual medical cases be desirable? In a recent target article (Meier et al. 2022), we described the piloting of our advisory algorithm METHAD. Here, we reply to commentaries published in response to our project. The commentaries fall into two broad categories: concrete criticism that concerns the development of METHAD; and the more general question as to whether one should employ decision-support systems of this kind—the debate we (...) set out to ignite with our target article. (shrink)