Este texto descreve a trajetória do Projeto Pensar: Filosofia com Criança, que através de uma proposta empreendida e testada com um grupo de crianças de 5(cinco) a 7 (sete) anos das escolas particulares e municipais de Araçatuba SP, demonstra a importância da docência voltada para a construção do conhecimento em sala de aula, usando a filosofia como fio condutor para estimular nas crianças o pensar filosófico como um caminho possível e necessário para melhorar a sua aprendizagem e torná-las cidadãs e (...) adultos reflexivos, críticos e criativos. (shrink)

Un invito a vedere nella vita e nelle opere di don Sturzo delle risposte alle difficoltà del mondo attuale, approfondendo le ragioni di un impegno cristiano per il recupero della dimensione etica dell’economia, della politica e delle istituzioni.

Gebara's succinct yet moving statement of her principles of ecofeminism shows how intertwined are the tarnished environment around her and the poverty that afflicts her neighbors. From her experiences with the Brazilian poor women's movement she develops a gritty urban ecofeminism and indeed articulates a whole worldview. She shows how the connections between Western thought, partriachal Christianity, and environmental destruction necessitate personal conversion to "an new relationship with the earth and with the entire cosmos.".

O objectivo do artigo é analisar a concepção de contrato social expressa no An Essay Concerning the True Original Extent, and End of Civil Government, e a concepção que do mesmo tema apresenta Burke nas Reflections on the Revolution in France e no Appeal from the New to the Old Whigs. Seleccionámos um conjunto de pontos que gostaríamos de apresentar, primeiro em Locke e depois em Burke, e que ilustram passos importantes da sua doutrina, estabelecendo a peculiaridade de um face (...) ao outro. a)Definiremos o que é a Sociedade Civil em contraposição com o Estado Natural, as razões que levam ao seu estabelecimento e o que esta significa em termos do desenvolvimento humano; b)Daí partiremos para a análise do estatuto do sujeito na sociedade; c)Concluiremos com a apreciação do poder de contestação do governo por parte dos cidadãos e da comunidade política e a decorrente diferença de estabilidade do pacto social. (shrink)

This paper outlines the ongoing challenges faced by feminist theology in Latin America as it enters the twenty-first century, given the continuing ecclesial antipathy towards its goals, its proponents and its practitioners. This marginalized position with respect to the Catholic Church allows feminist theologians a certain distance from ecclesiastical control, but at the same time means that as a movement feminist theology lacks influence because of its distance from the centre of power. Meanwhile, socio-economic factors continue to oppress the poorest, (...) many of whom— especially women—find solace in the institutional Church and the religious models that feminist theology wishes to critique. As a result of these forces, the future of feminist theology remains uncertain. (shrink)

A comunicação busca encontrar o que seria o salão literário de Dona Leonor de Almeida, Marquesa de Alorna. Nesta revisitação, constatamos a emergência de uma sociabilidade heterossexual onde a conversação se eleva a arte.Elegemos o Palácio Fronteira como o salão em português. Propomos que o emblemático Palácio Fronteira, em São Domingos de Benfica, subsuma todos os outros salões que sabemos terem existido – sem esquecermos nunca da iniciática função dos outeiros de Chelas.Conhecemos Alcipe romanticamente “épica” cuja vida mergulhada na caótica (...) época de transição histórica é evocada pelos mais diversos testemunhos da elite que a frequenta. Contactamo-la sobretudo no discurso directo em que a sua palavra poética fala. No salão de Benfica também se assiste ao declínio do discurso normativo-eclesiástico e se constata a emergência da afirmação da mulher enquanto ser de beleza, pensamento, vontade e poder. Alcipe não se afirma apenas enquanto uma culta aglutinadora de gente de espírito da sua geração, mas como alguém que, além de ter sabido impor a opinião poética vanguardista do seu tempo, possui igualmente ideias políticas próprias e, pese embora os mal-entendidos do seu tempo, pretende partilhar da solução dos problemas. (shrink)

Ao contemplar a realidade do enriqueci-mento de muitos, somada à corrupção, à violência e à impunidade, o homem justo e honesto sente-se seduzido pelo enriqueci-mento rápido e tentado a reproduzir a mesma prática do injusto. O Salmo 37 é expressão da verdadeira sabedoria, que ilumina o justo para manter-se firme, em seu caminho, vivendo a não-violência, confiando e mostrando a alternativa de um mundo diferente.

La investigación contiene un diseño cuasi experimental, de campo, transversal, comparativo entre diez grupos de estudiantes universitarios en diferentes facultades de derecho, pertenecientes a diez Municipios del Estado de México. Población: 4,896 estudiantes de facultades estatales de derecho de donde se obtuvo una muestra aleatoria de 3,578 estudiantes perteneciente a diez facultades. Material y Procedimiento: Se aplicó: Cuestionario de Valores y antivalores VALANTI y Test de Valores de Allport donde se utilizó la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov con rectificación Lilliefors para determinar (...) tanto la bondad de ajuste de dos distribuciones de probabilidad entre sí como la parametría de las mismas. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo en la muestra para conocer las características e inferencial con la prueba de ANOVA para conocer la diferencia significativa p<0.05 entre los grupos de estudiantes que pertenecían a diferentes Municipios y diferentes grados de estudio. Resultados: Existe diferencia significativa de valores entre estudiantes que estudian en diferentes Municipios en: Valor Económico, Valor Político y Valor No violencia. También entre diferentes semestres en: Valor Teórico, Valor Político Valor y No violencia. Señalando que, dentro de las aulas de clases se modela comportamientos para el quehacer profesional basado en valores éticos y morales. (shrink)

La novela El prestigio de la belleza se presenta como un producto cultural que evidencia la preocupación actual hacia una de las temáticas más antiguas: la belleza. Esta temática es asumida desde la semiótica como un valor cultural, según Greimas; no obstante, en la novela se presentan unos personajes que, al ser analizados semióticamente, mediante lo figurativo, semio-narrativo y axiológico, permiten la reconstrucción del valor belleza y la orientación hacia diferentes objetos donde se vierte este valor para generar múltiples representaciones (...) discursivas de la belleza. (shrink)

ABSTRACT: In this article, we intend to address the role of memory and narrative in the constitution of personal identity, based on Alice Munro’s short story “The Bear Came Over the Mountain” and the theoretical concepts of Paul Ricoeur (especially in Oneself as Another). This movement will allow us to underscore the idea that, contrary to what part of the analytical literature on identity and narrative has held, it is not just what we might call self-narrative that plays a role (...) in maintaining personal identity. Instead, we recover the Ricoeurian idea of a network of narratives or tangled of stories, in which self- and hetero-narratives are entangled, thus providing support to the identities it captures. (shrink)

BackgroundOrgan transplantation represents the most effective and acceptable therapy for end-stage organ failure. However, its frequent practice often leads to a shortage of organs worldwide. To solve this dilemma, some countries, such as Portugal, have switched from an opt-in to an opt-out system, which has raised concerns about respect for individual autonomy. We aimed to evaluate whether young university students are aware of this opt-out system so that they can make informed, autonomous and conscious decisions, as well as to identify (...) the factors that determine a positive attitude toward post-mortem organ donation.MethodsAn observational, cross-sectional study was developed and a questionnaire was administered to first-year students from six faculties of the University of Porto.ResultsOf the 841 participants, 60% were unaware that Portugal had adopted an opt-out system. Among the informed individuals, their main sources of information included social media, internet, and family. Furthermore, only 48% of all participants agreed with the current opt-out system. Female sex (p = 0.049; OR 1.393), knowledge of the law (p < 0.001; OR 4.749) and family being the primary source of information (p < 0.001; OR 2.855) were independent factors associated with a positive attitude toward post-mortem organ donation law.ConclusionsThere is a significant lack of knowledge among young university students regarding the presumed post-mortem organ donation law and how it works. Female sex, having family as a primary source of information and being aware of the presumed post-mortem organ donation law are the strongest independent factors that determine a positive attitude toward the opt-out system. (shrink)

Children with HIV are dependent on taking continuous medication and care, and family preparation is required when disclosing HIV. This study aimed to unveil families’ experiences with HIV disclosure to children under 13 years old. Eight family members who have disclosed HIV to seropositive children were interviewed in‐depth and individually. The fieldwork took place at a public paediatric outpatient hospital in Rio de Janeiro. The results showed that the family members’ discourse highlighted two ways of knowing their own condition and (...) disclosing the condition of the children with HIV. First, they needed to address the communication of bad news and discover their own HIV status through their children's disease. Second, the disclosure was a process constituted by four stages: preparing for disclosure, identifying the time, deciding how and where to tell, and instilling silence after disclosure. They also recognized that nurses had a role in the process as part of an interprofessional team. Nurses can develop advocacy care and empower family members in the preparation of safe HIV disclosure. By systematizing and institutionalizing the care advocacy process, nurses may enable caretakers and children to participate in their therapeutic management, improving adherence to the treatment and self‐care with autonomy. (shrink)

In a time marked by the development of innovative treatments in healthcare and the need for health professionals to deal with resulting ethical dilemmas in clinical practice, this study was developed to determine the influence of the bioethics teaching on the moral competence of medical and nursing students. The authors conduct a longitudinal study using the Moral Competence Test extended version before and after attending the ethics curricular unit, in three nursing schools and three medical schools of Portugal. In this (...) questionnaire the participant is confronted with three ethical dilemmas and asked to evaluate arguments for and against the attitude of the main character. For both nursing and medical students, C-score was lower after the attendance of the ethics curricular units, with a statistically significant decrease in the total score for nursing students and a decrease not statistically significant for medical students. A multivariate analysis did not find any association between this decrease and gender, course, or age. The phenomenon of moral segmentation was observed, with better performance in the worker and judge dilemma, than in the doctor dilemma. These results highlight the need to reflect on the curricular strategies that can be implemented for health professionals to better develop moral competence and decision-making, allowing for the provision of humanized health care. (shrink)

Escuchamos hablar con frecuencia de la importancia de las competencias blandas en la educación y en el mundo laboral. Sería primordial que la educación, en todos sus niveles, se plantee un cambio de paradigma y que las incluya en los planes de estudio, dándole el mismo valor que a las competencias duras. Sería conveniente que el alumnado las desarrolle para que los prepare en el ámbito laboral y en su transitar en este mundo cada vez más cambiante. El Coaching Educativo (...) permite desarrollar estas competencias en el alumnado, un cambio de observador, un modo distinto de ser y de hacer. (shrink)

Este artigo discute o papel da Sociologia na escola básica brasileira, que a despeito do arcabouço científico construído em sua trajetória, ainda consolida o seu espaço enquanto disciplina escolar. Nos últimos anos, com a obrigatoriedade da presença da Sociologia nos currículos escolares, novos desafios vêm sendo enfrentados pela disciplina. Um deles é fazer da Sociologia uma ferramenta para que os estudantes e a comunidade escolar possam ter um papel ativo no debate e na construção da realidade social, no que nos (...) arriscamos a denominar de uma Sociologia Escolar Pública . É com esse objetivo que desenvolvemos o projeto Redes Sociológicas, que articula as dimensões do ensino e da pesquisa na escola básica. (shrink)

Children with HIV are dependent on taking continuous medication and care, and family preparation is required when disclosing HIV. This study aimed to unveil families’ experiences with HIV disclosure to children under 13 years old. Eight family members who have disclosed HIV to seropositive children were interviewed in‐depth and individually. The fieldwork took place at a public paediatric outpatient hospital in Rio de Janeiro. The results showed that the family members’ discourse highlighted two ways of knowing their own condition and (...) disclosing the condition of the children with HIV. First, they needed to address the communication of bad news and discover their own HIV status through their children's disease. Second, the disclosure was a process constituted by four stages: preparing for disclosure, identifying the time, deciding how and where to tell, and instilling silence after disclosure. They also recognized that nurses had a role in the process as part of an interprofessional team. Nurses can develop advocacy care and empower family members in the preparation of safe HIV disclosure. By systematizing and institutionalizing the care advocacy process, nurses may enable caretakers and children to participate in their therapeutic management, improving adherence to the treatment and self‐care with autonomy. (shrink)

O livro do Anônimo Perusino descreve a vida, palavras e feitos de Francisco de Assis, um santo que oferece perspectivas e referências para além de seu tempo. Trata-se de um texto permeado de fé com a intencionalida- de de nortear os caminhos de franciscanos que querem manter vivos a espiritualidade e carisma franciscano. A descrição do “jeito franciscano de ser” remete às pistas necessárias para uma educação permeada de Princípios, Valores e Atitudes.

BackgroundIn the last 2 weeks of January 2021, Portugal was the worst country in the world in incidence of infections and deaths due to COVID-19. As a result, the pressure on the healthcare system increased exponentially, exceeding its capacities and leaving hospitals in near collapse. This scenario caused multiple constraints, particularly for hospital medical staff. Previous studies conducted at different moments during the pandemic reported that COVID-19 has had significant negative impacts on healthcare workers’ psychological health, including stress, anxiety, depression, (...) burnout, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and sleep disturbances. However, there are many uncertainties regarding the professional quality of life of hospital nurses and physicians. To address gaps in previous research on secondary traumatic stress, we focused on healthcare workers working in hospitals affected by a major traumatic event: the third wave of COVID-19.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to identify the contribution of personal and work-related contextual variables on professional quality of life of healthcare workers.MethodsCross-sectional study with a web-based questionnaire given to physicians and nurses working in a hospital setting. A total of 853 healthcare professionals participated in the survey assessing professional quality of life compassion satisfaction, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout. Factors of professional quality of life were assessed using regression analysis.ResultsMost of the participants showed moderate or high levels of compassion satisfaction, whereas the majority of them experienced moderate levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress. The analyzed variables demonstrated no differences between professionals who were directly or not involved in the care of COVID-19 patients. Parental status was found to be a significant factor in compassion satisfaction. Female gender was significantly associated with more susceptibility to secondary traumatization. Factors that may potentially contribute to burnout include years of professional experience and the number of work hours per week.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic has created a new challenge for the healthcare system. Burnout and secondary traumatic stress can lead to medical errors and impact standards of patient care, particularly compromising compassionate care. It is therefore recommended that hospitals develop psychoeducational initiatives to support professionals in dealing with barriers to compassion. (shrink)

Background The field of bioethics examines the moral and ethical dilemmas that arise in the biological sciences, healthcare, and medical practices. There has been a rise in medical negligence cases, complaints against healthcare workers, and public dissatisfaction with healthcare professionals, according to reports from the Indian Medical Council and other healthcare associations. We intend to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of bioethics among the registered healthcare professionals (HCPs) of Maharashtra, India. Methods A State-level online survey was conducted (...) among the registered HCPs (n = 2143) casing all five regions of the Maharashtra state using a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire. The responses were expressed as mean, and proportions with their standard deviation and 95% CI respectively. Binary logistic regression and a multivariate logistic model were used to determine factors associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice of bioethics. Results Of the 2143 registered HCPs in Maharashtra included in this study, most of them (65.2%) had adequate knowledge of bioethics. Adequate knowledge was associated with lower age, profession (nurses and dentists), employment in the private sector, HCPS at Marathwada and Pune, and higher educational attainment. About 3 in 5 HCPs (59.4%) had a favorable attitude towards the ethical practice of bioethics, and was associated with profession, place of work, region of practice, and work experience. The distribution of unethical bioethics practices among 10 items was proportionally high, and only 34.4% reported good/fair practice. The common unethical practices in the state were allowing patients to be examined by interns, and not informing them about professional misconduct to the regulatory bodies. Conclusion Most HCPs had adequate knowledge of bioethics, which is encouraging and would favor the laying foundation for forming a good bioethics framework. Only 3/5 HCPs demonstrated a favorable attitude, and the observed unethical practice is alarmingly common. A serious consideration to evaluate the compliance level of bioethics practice periodically and measures to educate, sensitize, and train bioethics among HCPs in Maharashtra is warranted. (shrink)

Changes in modern societies originate the perception that ethical behaviour is essential in organization’s practices especially in the way they deal with aspects such as human rights. These issues are usually under the umbrella of the concept of social responsibility. Recently the Report of the International Bioethics Committee of UNESCO on Social Responsibility and Health has addressed this concept of social responsibility in the context of health care delivery suggesting a new paradigm in hospital governance. The objective of this paper (...) is to address the issue of corporate social responsibility in health care, namely in the hospital setting, emphasising the special governance arrangements of such complex organisations and to evaluate if new models of hospital management (entrepreneurism) will need robust mechanisms of corporate governance to fulfil its social responsiveness. The scope of this responsible behaviour requires hospitals to fulfil its social and market objectives, in accordance to the law and general ethical standards. Social responsibility includes aspects like abstention of harm to the environment or the protection of the interests of all the stakeholders enrolled in the deliverance of health care. In conclusion, adequate corporate governance and corporate strategy are the gold standard of social responsibility. In a competitive market hospital governance will be optimised if the organization culture is reframed to meet stakeholders’ demands for unequivocal assurances on ethical behaviour. Health care organizations should abide to this new governance approach that is to create organisation value through performance, conformance and responsibility. (shrink)

Malgré des différences thématiques importantes, les deux livres dont il est question ici présentent suffisamment de similitudes pour justifier une présentation synoptique, leurs auteures ayant de nombreux points communs. Ce sont tout d’abord des religieuses féministes, inscrites dans la modernité. Depuis un lustre, l’Église catholique romaine est intervenue avec fermeté pour limiter les propos de ces deux religieuses théologiennes, Ivone Gebara et Joan Chittister. Ainsi en août 1995, la Congr...

In the Iliad the symbolic value of gifts as tokens of reciprocity is more important than their material value. This is exemplified in the encounters of Diomedes with Glaucus in book 6 and Achilles with Priam in 24. Glaucus readily agrees to offer a much more valuable gift than Diomedes, and the narratorial suggestion that Zeus took away Glaucus’ wits is not shaped as the report of a fact but captures the views or feelings of observers such as members of (...) the audience. Achilles agrees to release the body of Hector in exchange for gifts. As Glaucus and Diomedes seal their pact and renew the ancestral guest-friendship relationship with the exchange of gifts, so Achilles seals his pact with Priam and his earlier one with the dead Patroclus with the acceptance and promise of gifts respectively. (shrink)

El objetivo de este trabajo es observar el tratamiento que se ofrece en la Institutio Oratoria de Quintiliano y en las artes de Donato, Diomedes y Consencio, como también en el comentario de Pompeyo a la obra de Donato, de los ejemplos estándar de singularización de pluralia tantum: scala, scopa, quadriga. El análisis de la ambigüedad de los nombres tantum cobra relevancia desde que trasciende la mera discusión automatizada de un lugar común de las artes grammaticales, convirtiéndose en un problema (...) de descripción lingüística, al plantearse su coherencia para la descripción de toda la lengua. The purpose of this paper is the study of the treatment offered in Quintilian's Institutio Oratoria, in the artes of Donatus, Diomedes and Consentius, and in Pompeius's commentary on the work of Donatus, of the standard examples regarding the use of pluralia tantum in singular: scala, scopa, quadriga. The analysis of the ambiguity of the pluralia and singularia tantum gains relevance as it transcends the mere automated discussion of a commonplace of the artes grammaticales, becoming a problem of linguistic description, when the issue of its coherence for the description of the entire language is raised. (shrink)

The ecofeminist cosmologies of Indian scientist Vandana Shiva and Catholic theologian Ivone Gebara are examined. At the centre of each author’s discourse is their feminist epistemology that occasion a new way of knowing, incorporating each thinker’s social locations as nexus for authority. For Shiva, the feminine principle of Prakriti, or the awareness of nature as a living, interdependent force, is realized through the inclusion of women as sources of expertise and knowledge. Gebara rejects classical theology and philosophy as androcentric, (...) anthropocentric, and hierarchical. Instead Gebara envisions a revised epistemology of inclusivity with emphasis on multiplicity and unity initiated by an ecofeminist Trinitarian cosmology. Taken together Shiva and Gebara provide an epistemology that privileges the paradox of unity through diversity and difference as a solution to society’s current ecological crises. (shrink)