A violência escolar tem sido um tema de constante preocupação na comunidade escolar. Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar as percepções dos alunos, gestores e professores do Ensino Fundamental II, diante das violências encontradas em duas escolas municipais de Brusque/SC. Realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória com uma abordagem qualitativa. Participaram 18 professores e 60 alunos do Ensino Fundamental II das duas escolas municipais. Também, realizou-se uma entrevistada semiestruturada com 2 gestores que atuam um em cada escola. A partir do material coletado efetivou-se uma (...) análise qualitativa. Por fim, descreve-se que a violência é recorrente nos meios escolares pesquisados, mesmo que ela não seja oriunda do ambiente escolar, ela é uma conseqüência da sociedade. (shrink)

Apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa, envolvendo a elaboração e aplicação de uma sequência didática numa escola pública do Estado da Bahia, Brasil, localizada no contexto de comunidades tradicionais. Os dados foram coletados após a aplicação de uma sequência didática que gerou a oportunidade de tomada de decisão por parte dos estudantes diante de uma problemática dos transgênicos, relacionada ao seu cotidiano. Os resultados mostram os níveis e estágios de letramento científico alcançados por cada grupo e foram analisados a (...) partir do modelo proposto por Conrado. Os grupos apresentaram dificuldades argumentativas, no entanto, as decisões apresentadas demonstram o exercício da criticidade, importante para as tomadas de decisões reais em seu cotidiano. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho permitiu realizar reflexões sobre o que pode ser melhorado na sequência didática no que tange a sua abordagem, visando ampliar os níveis e estágios de letramento alcançados pelos estudantes e abrindo margem para trabalhos futuros contendo ajustes que contribuam para o desenvolvimento da criticidade por parte dos estudantes. (shrink)

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender os desafios da cultura inclusiva para a Educação Física escolar tendo a interdisciplinaridade como proposta pedagógica. Num primeiro momento a Educação Física é apresentada como campo interdisciplinar de conhecimento por não ser uma ciência e sim uma área que tem como objeto as manifestações da cultura corporal de movimento. Posteriormente apresentamos a interdisciplinaridade como proposta pedagógica que nos permite um pensar mais complexo e dialógico. Ao final trazemos ao texto a interdisciplinaridade como ferramenta (...) para mediar as práxis de Educação Física levantando algumas reflexões a fim de contribuir com a cultura inclusiva. (shrink)

ENTREVISTA COM PROFESSORAS (ES) DE FILOSOFIA DO ENSINO SUPERIOR DO CEARÁ – BLOCO IICom: Cristiane Maria Marinho, Francisco José da Silva, Camila do Espírito Santo Prado de OliveiraPor: Antônio Alex Pereira de Sousa, Paulo Willame Araújo de Lima.

It is commonly understood that over-arching transcendental values (TVs) play a major role in directly influencing individual and group behaviours, including those relating to the environment. This paper challenges this approach, by arguing that there is good evidence to indicate that personal contexts – rather than TVs – inform many decisions that individuals need to make. As such, the paper argues that individuals use their TVs as a guide to forming contextual values, in a way that TVs only influence daily (...) behaviours indirectly. In order to review the potential utility of these arguments, we offer a secondary analysis of the International Social Survey Programme. The results indicate that contexts can influence behaviours independently of the set of (transcendental) values that people may hold. (shrink)

A bold new approach to combatting the inherent corruption of representative democracy This provocative book reveals how the majority of modern liberal democracies have become increasingly oligarchic, suffering from a form of structural political decay first conceptualized by ancient philosophers. Systemic Corruption argues that the problem cannot be blamed on the actions of corrupt politicians but is built into the very fabric of our representative systems. Camila Vergara provides a compelling and original genealogy of political corruption from ancient to (...) modern thought, and shows how representative democracy was designed to protect the interests of the already rich and powerful to the detriment of the majority. Unable to contain the unrelenting force of oligarchy, especially after experimenting with neoliberal policies, most democracies have been corrupted into oligarchic democracies. Vergara explains how to reverse this corrupting trajectory by establishing a new counterpower strong enough to control the ruling elites. Building on the anti-oligarchic institutional innovations proposed by plebeian philosophers, she rethinks the republic as a mixed order in which popular power is institutionalized to check the power of oligarchy. Vergara demonstrates how a plebeian republic would establish a network of local assemblies with the power to push for reform from the grassroots, independent of political parties and representative government. Drawing on neglected insights from Niccolò Machiavelli, Nicolas de Condorcet, Rosa Luxemburg, and Hannah Arendt, Systemic Corruption proposes to reverse the decay of democracy with the establishment of anti-oligarchic institutions through which common people can collectively resist the domination of the few. (shrink)

In this book, Camila Loew analyzes four women’s testimonial literary writings on the Holocaust to examine and question some of the tenets of the fields of Holocaust studies, gender studies, and testimony. Through a close reading of the works of Charlotte Delbo, Margarete Buber-Neumann, Ruth Klüger, and Marguerite Duras, Loew foregrounds these authors’ search for a written form to engage with their experiences of the extreme. Although each chapter contains its individual focus and features, the book possesses a unity (...) in intention, concerns, and consequences. In the theoretical introduction that unites the four chapters, Loew eschews essentialism and revises the emergence of the field of Women and Holocaust studies from the early 1980s on, and signals some of its shortcomings. In response, and in accordance with a recent turn in various disciplines of the Humanities, Loew highlights the ethical dimension of testimony and its responsible commitment to the other. In dealing with the texts as literary testimonies—a complex genre, between literature and history—, testimony is freed from the obligation to respond to the requirements of factual truth, and becomes a privileged form to voice the traumatic event, and to symbolically explore the role of excess. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Journal of Ancient History Jahrgang: 5 Heft: 2 Seiten: 228-279.

This paper intents to analyze the influence of John Dewey’s ideas in the movement that defended the educationl renovation in Brazil at the end of the 1920s and in the 1930s. For this, it explains two trends of that movement: the first is described by the metaphor of industrial or mechanical efficiency, whose emphasis was in the power derived from the disciplinary idea of progress, which was embedded in the process of rationalization of the social relations submitted by a factory (...) model; the second, developed by influence of Dewey, is characterized by a project of democratization of society and school that prevented the individual massification and the adoption of the rationalizing model inspired by the factory without any criticism. When Dewey was put in the center of the debate on political, pedagogical and social goals of the Brazilian New School, he was called to introduce a series of concepts that helped to find the balance between the respect for individuality and the observation of the social needs. (shrink)

Journal of Political Philosophy, EarlyView.

El propósito de este ensayo es contribuir al debate metodológico de la historia intelectual en favor de un enfoque transnacional. Para ello, presenta los enfoques de la circulación y traducción de las ideas sociales y políticas desde diferentes ángulos, desde los primeros planteamientos de la historiografía de principios del siglo XX, en particular la italiana, basados en la analogía con el comercio internacional para pensar los procesos de difusión e intercambio de ideas, hasta los aportes más recientes de la Escuela (...) de Cambridge y la Historia de los Conceptos, centrados en el potencial de la metáfora de la traducción para pensar la naturaleza productiva del proceso de traslación de las ideas entre diferentes contextos geográficos y temporales. (shrink)

O objetivo do artigo é explorar as conexões entre o problema da morte, o conceito de ideia e a tese da indestrutibilidade do nosso ser com a morte, em Schopenhauer. Como ponto de partida, é apresentada a crítica de Schopenhauer à compreensão empírica da morte como passagem ao não-ser. Passa-se, então às considerações do filósofo sobre a indestrutibilidade do nosso ser com a morte, por meio do destaque às suas considerações sobre o caráter de coisa, vinculado à sua intepretação das (...) ideias como formas eternas. Após discorrer pontualmente a respeito do sentido desta noção na filosofia platônica, são apresentados os principais elementos que configuram a apropriação schopenhaueriana da teoria platônica das ideias tendo em vista exclusivamente o problema elegido, qual seja, a morte e a indestrutibilidade do nosso ser. (shrink)

Interseções e interações entre mídia, religião e mercado: um objeto dinâmico e instigante (Intersections and interactions between media, religion and market: a dynamic object and thought-provoking) - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2014v12n34p284 Editorial - Dossiê: Religião, Mercado e Mídia.

No que toca a filosofia do direito muitas são as dúvidas que recaem sobre as distintas noções de direito consideradas não só nas reflexões teóricas sobre a jurisprudência, mas também aquelas que surgem pela _práxis_ do sistema jurídico. Michel Villey defende a tese de que a única concepção estrita e exequível de direito é aquela criada em Roma que concebe o direito como uma coisa (_res_) atribuída de modo justo, pelos juristas, aos indivíduos. Qualquer noção subjetiva de direito, além de (...) ser desprovida do sentido lato do termo, se atribuída aos filósofos antigos e medievais, não passa de uma reinterpretação errônea. Entretanto, este artigo tem por objetivo mostrar que a argumentação de Villey contém algumas lacunas quanto a sua interpretação da noção de direito em textos como os de Gaio e de Tomás de Aquino. Posição essa sustentada através de autores como Brian Tierney e Alfredo Storck, os quais apresentam uma leitura pluralista acerca das noções de direito da antiguidade e do medievo mostrando que, ainda que não houvesse a presença do termo “direito subjetivo” no vocábulo da jurisprudência da época, por vezes, o direito era empregado nesse período para significar um poder, uma liberdade ou uma vantagem do indivíduo. (shrink)

O artigo analisa os muito mal vistos comentários de Wittgenstein sobre o teorema de Gödel. Não se pretende defender estes comentários, nem atribuir a Wittgenstein algo que ele não disse. De fato, não nos seria possível desconsiderar o que é textual visando fornecer uma interpretação mais palatável das posições de um autor. Nosso objetivo consiste meramente em clarificar as posições realmente mantidas por Wittgenstein sobre o tema, atribuindo, o tanto quanto possível, alguma razoabilidade as mesmas no que diz respeito à (...) economia geral das suas observações sobre a matemática. (shrink)

O artigo clarifica em que medida a Lógica, no sentido mais comum e até ingênuo do termo, enquanto composta pelas leis necessárias do pensamento correto, pode ser entendida como Mística. Isto parece estranho, pois a Mística é normalmente entendida como uma vivência de superação das dualidades, onde o pensamento racional colapsa e encontra seu limite. Já a Lógica é entendida como paradigma de pensamento racional. Argumenta-se que as leis mais gerais da razão e do discurso se relacionam com a Mística (...) na medida mesma em que o fundamento da razão é equacionado ao seu limite. A linguagem encontra-se assim com o silêncio e as leis e fundamentações não mais operam como tais. Conclui-se que a adesão necessária que acompanha o colapso entre o sentido e o valor de verdade de determinadas expressões linguísticas constitui o que chamamos de vivência mística. Trata-se de uma vivencia a qual somos conduzidos pelo próprio funcionamento de nossa significação e, ao mesmo tempo, institui o que se compreende por experiência religiosa. Palavras-chave : Mística. Wittgenstein. Lógica. Intensão. Extensão.This paper clarifies the extent to which Logic, in the usual sense (and even naïve) of the term, as composed of the correct thinking’s necessary laws, can be understood as Mystic. This seems strange, because the Mystic is usually understood as an experience of overcoming the dualities, where rational thinking collapses and finds its limit. On the other hand, the logic is understood as the paradigm of rational thinking. It is argued that the most general laws of reason and speech are related to Mystic in the sense that the foundation of the reason is equated to its limit. The language lies thus with the silence and the laws and justifications no longer operate as such. We conclude that the adherence necessary that accompanies the collapse of meaning and truth value of certain linguistic utterances is what we call mystical experience. It is about an experience to which we are led by the workings of our linguistics meaning, establishing what is meant by religious experience. Keywords: Mystic. Wittgenstein. Logic. Intension. Extension. (shrink)

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar a compreensão schopenhaueriana do caráter de indivíduo a partir da tese metafísica do monismo da vontade. Num primeiro momento, explora as implicações da afirmação de Schopenhauer de que somente no ser humano o caráter de espécie e o caráter de indivíduo se separam; na sequência, aborda o problema da asseidade da vontade tendo em vista seus desdobramentos na formulação do caráter de indivíduo; e, por fim, aborda o tema da negação da vontade e sua (...) relação com o problema da individualidade do ser humano, tanto no locus pontual da argumentação apresentada por Schopenhauer, quanto nos desdobramentos implícitos na apropriação interpretativa do Cristianismo entendido como uma teoria pessimista. (shrink)

We propose a liminality-based analysis of the process of ethical leadership/followership in organizations. A liminal view presents ethical leadership as a process taking place in organizational contexts that are often characterized by high levels of ambiguity, which render the usual rules and preferences dubious or inadequate. In these relational spaces, involving leaders, followers, and their context, old frames may be questioned and new ones introduced in an emergent way, through subtle processes whose evolution and implications may not be easy to (...) grasp even by those participating in them. (shrink)

Otto Neurath’s empiricist methodology of economics and his contributions to politi- cal economy have gained increasing attention in recent years. We connect this research with contemporary debates regarding the epistemological status of thought experiments by reconstructing Neurath’s utopias as linchpins of thought experiments. In our three reconstructed examples of different uses of utopias/dystopias in thought experiments we employ a reformulation of Häggqvist’s model for thought experiments and we argue that: (1) Our reformulation of Häggqvist’s model more adequately complies with many (...) uses of thought experiments, especially with the open-ended discussions of utopias and dys- topias in thought experiments. (2) As a strict logical empiricist, Neurath is committed to a strictly empiricist account of thought experiments. John Norton’s empiricist argument view can indeed account for the justifications of empirical beliefs and genuine discoveries targeted by scientific utopianism in three distinct (yet connected) ways, all of which Neur- ath already contemplated: (2.I) Dealing with utopias and thought experiments on a regular basis increases creativity and inventiveness. (2.II) Particular ways of presenting knowl- edge facilitate scientific discovery and social progress. (2.III) The use of utopias in thought experiments can prompt conceptual change and allow access to new phenomena. We con- clude by highlighting that, even though thought experiments support a positive attitude for exploring new social possibilities, Neurath points out that active decisions are unavoidable. The exploration of alternatives and the awareness of a need for decisions in policy discus- sion avert a technocratic outlook in social science. (shrink)

Obedience: a simple term. Stanley Milgram, the famous experimental social psychologist, shocked the world with theory about it. Another man, Pol Pot, the infamous leader of the Khmer Rouge, showed how far the desire for obedience could go in human societies. Milgram conducted his experiments in the controlled environment of the US psychology laboratory of the 1960s. Pol Pot experimented with Utopia in the totalitarian Kampuchea of the 1970s. In this article, we discuss the process through which the Khmer Rouge (...) regime created an army of unquestioningly obedient soldiers – including child soldiers. Based on these two cases, we advance a framework on how obedience can be grown or countered. (shrink)

Dans cette contribution nous interrogerons la notion d’alèthurgie pour vérifier si la critique dont parle Foucault doit passer par une manifestation de la vérité ou s’il est possible d’inclure dans l’alèthurgie des formes de critique qui refusent l’obligation de dire-vrai sur soi-même – ce qu’on désignera comme « alèthurgie négative ». Ensuite, on cherchera dans l’ Ecce Homo de Nietzsche des stratégies de la critique qui au lieu de s’indexer à la vérité semblent suggérer un renversement parodique qui ancre la (...) critique dans des formes autres de vérité. Enfin, sous l’angle de l’alèthurgie négative, on reviendra sur l’opposition entre parrêsia et rhétorique tracée par Foucault pour remettre en question le primat qu’il accorde à la première. (shrink)

Group Violence Interventions combine a focused deterrence law enforcement approach with community mobilization and social services. The current study qualitatively examines Project Longevity, Connecticut's largest GVI initiative, to contribute to the limited literature on implementation of gun violence reduction strategies. Relying on interviews with 24 of Project Longevity law enforcement and non-law enforcement partners, we explore the establishment of interagency collaboration, which was viewed by study participants as the most pressing implementation challenge of Project Longevity. Our case study results offer (...) important lessons to practitioners responsible for implementing GVI strategies. (shrink)

The present text is an essay on childhood and teacher education, making approximations and meetings that put in question the school, the education, the teaching, the time. Childhood is not considered a category of chronological time, but an establishing force of possibility, impossibility, questions, interruptions. Childhood is affirmed beyond an age, understood as existence, life, embodied in any body and in another temporality. It is interesting to ask about the childhoods that go through the teacher formation and, perhaps, think not (...) only how we form childhood, but how childhood forms us. How do they potencialize teachers work? Under what conditions do these childhoods arise? Is the teacher becoming a maturation of childhood, childhood or childhood? What gestures tear and explode with the ways we get used to being with the children and the ways we are used to becoming teachers? These questions have accompanied me in the challenge of devoting sensitivity, attention and listening to the senses emanating from childhood, and the childhood that emanates from the senses, in the exercise of being a teacher of Early Childhood Education. Therefore, this work is inspired by the childhoods of children of the Secondary Education of Pedro II College, in childhoods of my teaching with these subjects, in beginnings, openings and beginnings that potentiate to inhabit the school and become a teacher in a childish way. (shrink)

Jacques Derrida has suggested that forgiveness be understood as the unforgivable: in order for forgiveness to be pure, its object must be the unforgivable. Furthermore, he states that no conditions should be imposed on granting forgiveness. The article seeks to show that this purity has to be forgone since the offender has to repent and ask for forgiveness, in order for a victim to forgive. The article also examines the monstrous as the object of forgiveness, using the case of Jean (...) Améry as an example. (shrink)

Jacques Derrida ha propuesto entender el perdón como lo imperdonable: para que el perdón sea puro, su objeto debe ser lo imperdonable. Plantea, además, que no debe haber ninguna condición para que el perdón sea otorgado. Se busca mostrar que esta pureza debe ser sacrificada, ya que, para que una víc..

In this paper I argue that some examples of what we label ‘algorithmic bias’ would be better understood as cases of institutional bias. Even when individual algorithms appear unobjectionable, they may produce biased outcomes given the way that they are embedded in the background structure of our social world. Therefore, the problematic outcomes associated with the use of algorithmic systems cannot be understood or accounted for without a kind of structural account. Understanding algorithmic bias as institutional bias in particular (as (...) opposed to other structural accounts) has at least two important upshots. First, I argue that the existence of bias that is intrinsic to certain institutions (whether algorithmic or not) suggests that at least in some cases, the algorithms now substituting as pieces of institutional norms or rules are not “fixable” in the relevant sense, because the institutions they help make up are not fixable. Second, I argue that in other cases, changing the algorithms being used within our institutions (rather than getting rid of them entirely) is essential to changing the background structural conditions of our society. (shrink)

Miranda Fricker’s account of what is involved in cases of hermeneutical injustice has been criticised for neglecting the existence of alternative hermeneutical resources developed by non-dominant groups and consequently overlooking its members’ cognitive agency. I argue that this critical strand might be extended to consider what I call “uncontroversial cases of hermeneutical injustice”, i.e. cases in which no alternative resources are available, but marginalized subjects can still be said to resist dominant interpretations of their experiences. Following Alice Crary, I trace (...) the limitations of Fricker’s original account of hermeneutical injustice back to her reliance on a neutral conception of reason and argue that widening the realm of rationality to accommodate affective responses authorizes a revaluation of marginalized subjects’ agency under ideological systems. To illustrate this point, I indicate that Ludwig Wittgenstein’s reflections on hinges present a notion of objectivity that serves liberatory projects and might guide a more adequate response to cases of hermeneutical injustice. (shrink)

ABSTRACT This article proposes a reading of the novel O pai da menina morta [Dead Girl’s Father], by Tiago Ferro, linked to the theme of Christian resurrection materialized in the Gospel according to John. The biblical episodes about the resurrection of Lazarus and Jesus Christ are placed in dialogue with the narrative of the Brazilian author, as well as the symbolisms regarding the pelican and the celebration of Christian Easter, figures belonging to the structure of the work under examination. The (...) analyses put in discussion promote the understanding that Tiago Ferro, when indicating the religious discourse, refracts it to the constitution of his narrative voice, relocating it to the secular, profane level, typical of the human condition. The theoretical foundation working as a support for the reading of this work stands out in the contributions of the Circle of Mikhail Bakhtin, Frederico Lourenço, Northrop Frye, among others. (shrink)

The present article inquires into the uses of Medea’s tragedy as a representation of political sedition in the XVII century, especially in Hobbes’ works who introduces the myth with few variations three times in his work. We are interested in the semantic shifts in the use of a tragedy that, for multiple reasons –to which we will later return– works as an epochal catalyzer of the political and moral dangers with which regicide is symbolically burdened. This constant role, identifiable in (...) the versions of Euripides, Seneca, and Corneille, combines differently -through history- the pairing of seduction and sedition that we try to reconstruct as a convergent element of the tragic vision of politics that runs through Hobbes work. Finally, we explore how classic tragedy is used by Bramhall in his debate with Hobbes, highlighting the connection between tragic and heretical readings of the philosopher. (shrink)

Throughout its great history, the feminist movement has thought the different facets of the repressive apparatus of the State, as a political problem and as part of its strategy of struggle and survival. In different contexts, antipunitivism —that is, the political response to the philosophy of punishment as the way to act to social issues— has emerged as a crucial element in the diatribes of antisystemic feminisms. However, we could not claim that there is something like a structuring and structured (...) tradition of antipunitivist feminism. Rather, what we observe is a set of concerns and political approaches of some feminisms to the strategies of punishment, in the moments in which the logics of patriarchal domination intersect with the gender-generic selectivity of the repressive apparatuses of the States. In the present work we would like to make the effort to deliberate the interaction between these approaches in order to enunciate what elements would compose an antipunitivist feminism. (shrink)

Food for Thought seeks to enlighten people about their power as individuals to shape industry and society starting from the food they eat. The reader is invited to question who is really benefiting from our present food system through a detailed science-based analysis of food production and consumption. Perussello discusses how the production and consumption of animal products go well beyond the blatant violence against non-human animals: she posits that animal agriculture is procuring a world of disease, unhappiness, injustice, and (...) environmental depletion. Our author then presents an accessible, science-based analysis of animal food production from the perspective of Food Process Engineering. She then provides insightful discussions on the health, ecological, social, and spiritual implications of our diet. This information is supported by powerful photographs taken by Animal Equality's undercover investigators in animal farms worldwide. The author elaborates on the relationship between microbial pathogens (including Covid-19), antibiotic resistance, and the consumption of animal products, rendering Food for Thought a timely reading. The book also unveils myths on "humane" and "sustainable" animal foods, such as organic milk, grass-fed meat, and cage- free eggs, demonstrating how animal agriculture is the antithesis of compassion and sustainability, regardless of farm size, production system, and geographical region. Food for Thought is ultimately an invitation to a regenerated society. This book will help vegetarians and omnivores align their actions with their values and live a happier, more fulfilling life. The unprecedented views on food production offered by this compelling reading will also empower vegans in communicating with their non-vegan peers about the importance of following a plant-based living. (shrink)

The development of neuropsychological assessment methods using virtual reality (VR) is a valid and promising option for the detection of cognitive impairment in the older people, focusing on activities composed of tasks of multiple demands. This study verified the association of age, schooling, and general cognitive status on the performance of neurologically healthy older adults in ECO-VR, a virtual reality task of multiple demands for neuropsychological assessment. A total of 111 older adults answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Mini Mental State (...) Examination, the Vocabulary subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adults (third edition), and the ECO-VR. Correlation analyses, multiple linear regression, and comparisons between groups (effects by age and schooling groups) were used to evaluate the results. The ECO-VR total score was significantly associated with age, years of education, MMSE, and Vocabulary subtest. The linear regression models identified that age was the main predictor for total score and rule breaking of ECO-VR. According to the univariate analysis, it was identified the main effect of age group and schooling group in the total ECO-VR score, but there was no interaction effect. The results are discussed in order to understand the role of sociodemographic characteristics in the performance of older adults in a virtual reality task of multiple demands. It was also verified the possibility use of virtual reality for neuropsychological assessment of older adults. (shrink)

By offering an analysis of different conceptions of corruption connected to the political regime and contingency in which they developed, the article retrieves a systemic meaning of political corruption. Through the works of Plato, Aristotle, Polybius and Machiavelli, it reconstructs a dimension of political corruption particular to popular governments and also engages with recent neo-republican and institutionalist attempts at redefining political corruption. The article concludes that we still lack a proper conception of systemic corruption comparable to the one of the (...) Ancients because we are yet unable to account for the role procedures and institutions play in fostering corruption through their normal functioning and what this means for liberal democratic regimes. (shrink)

By offering an analysis of different conceptions of corruption connected to the political regime and contingency in which they developed, the article retrieves a systemic meaning of political corruption. Through the works of Plato, Aristotle, Polybius and Machiavelli, it reconstructs a dimension of political corruption particular to popular governments and also engages with recent neo-republican and institutionalist attempts at redefining political corruption. The article concludes that we still lack a proper conception of systemic corruption comparable to the one of the (...) Ancients because we are yet unable to account for the role procedures and institutions play in fostering corruption through their normal functioning and what this means for liberal democratic regimes. (shrink)

The article presents a plebeian strand of republican constitutional thought that recognises the influence of inequality on political power, embraces conflict as the effective cause of free government, and channels its anti-oligarchic energy through the constitutional structure. First it engages with two modern plebeian thinkers – Niccolò Machiavelli and Nicolas de Condorcet - focusing on the institutional role of the common people to resist oppression through ordinary and extraordinary political action. Then it discusses the work of two contemporary republican thinkers (...) – Philip Pettit and John McCormick – and contrasts their models of ‘contestatory’ and ‘tribunician’ democracy. Finally, I incorporate a political economy lens and propose as part of republican constitutionalism not only contestatory and tribunician institutions but also anti-oligarchic basic rules to keep inequality and corruption under control. (shrink)

Considerando que a mulher que se encontra numa relação amorosa violenta, muitas vezes, persiste na manutenção dessa conjugalidade, este estudo objetivou investigar a experiência emocional de mulheres que vivenciam ou já vivenciaram uma relação conjugal violenta. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com seis mulheres beneficiárias de uma ONG dedicada à violência intrafamiliar. Cada entrevista foi mediada pela apresentação de uma narrativa interativa, a partir da qual a participante era convidada a inventar o desfecho. Após cada entrevista, a entrevistadora redigiu uma narrativa (...) transferencial sobre o encontro. O conjunto das narrativas transferenciais foi analisado psicanaliticamente à luz da Teoria dos Campos. Foi identificado o campo “Infeliz(es) para sempre”, em que as participantes manifestaram sofrimento radical frente à possibilidade de ficarem sozinhas, “preferindo” compartilhar a infelicidade com o cônjuge agressor a lidarem com o desamparo. Considera-se que tais achados podem auxiliar na intervenção dos profissionais que atuam junto a esse grupo social específico. (shrink)

Le droit doit certainement avoir une âme. Mais il a aussi un corps. Dans le corps du droit - souvent méprisé, souvent ignoré -, les symboles, l'iconologie, mais aussi la relation du juridique avec les arts et l'esthétique, gagnent de nos jours de plus en plus d'importance. On redécouvre une relation entre le droit et les sens : le droit qui écoute les parties, le droit dit aveugle ou le droit bandé, le droit qui sent et pressent par l'odorat, le (...) droit qui touche, et même un droit qui dé-gôute... La présente contribution pour une philosophie symbolique du droit recueille des études sur les différents aspects de ce droit sensible et sensitif. (shrink)