Results for 'D. Michie'

986 found
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  1. Consciousness as an engineering issue. Part 1.D. Michie - 1994 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 1 (2):182-185.
    Consciousness has been widely regarded as the central arena for the mental solution of problems. A variant view locates the business end of problem solving elsewhere, with conscious intervention only for intermittent monitoring and goal-setting. In this scenario conscious awareness, with `intelligent' processes generally, is largely specialized to the construction and communication of appropriate after-the-event histories and explanations.The first part of the paper traces a long march undertaken by main-stream artificial intelligence basing itself on the first assumption. Disappointment with the (...)
     
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  2. Machine Intelligence 1.N. L. Collins, D. Michie & E. Dale - 1968 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 19 (3):271-274.
  3. Machine Intelligence 7.B. Meltzer, D. Michie, R. C. Schank & K. M. Colby - 1975 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 26 (3):269-273.
  4.  8
    Review of B. MELTZER and D. MICHIE: Machine Intelligence 7_; R. C. SCHANK and K. M. COLBY: _Computer Models of Thought and Language[REVIEW]Margaret A. Boden - 1975 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 26 (3):269-273.
  5.  18
    Considering Reprogenomics in the Ethical Future of Fetal Therapy Trials.Marsha Michie & Ruth M. Farrell - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (3):71-73.
    Much has changed in maternal-fetal medicine since the early 2000s, when the previous ethical frameworks for fetal therapy trials were established. We applaud Hendriks and colleagues for taking on t...
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  6.  7
    Beyond culture: Perspectives from social anthropology on diversity, agency and ethics in dealing with advance care directives.Michi Knecht - 2008 - Ethik in der Medizin 20 (3):169-180.
    In Anerkennung der für Gegenwartsgesellschaften konstitutiven Diversität ihrer Bevölkerungen diskutieren Bioethik und Medizin verstärkt die kulturelle Relativität ihrer eigenen Voraussetzungen, die Kulturspezifik „anderer“ Positionen und die Möglichkeiten kulturübergreifender Orientierungen. Dabei kommt häufig ein Kulturbegriff zum Einsatz, der aus der Perspektive der aktuellen Sozial- und Kulturanthropologie zu statisch, zu homogenisierend und zu sehr auf Differenz und Abgrenzung hin orientiert ist. Der Beitrag diskutiert zunächst Konzepte von Kultur, die solche Verkürzungen zu vermeiden suchen. Sie betonen hingegen Verflechtungszusammenhänge unter dem Vorzeichen intensivierter Globalisierung (...)
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  7.  43
    Turing's test and conscious thought.Donald Michie - 1993 - Artificial Intelligence 60 (1):1-22.
  8.  2
    Songenshi ni songen wa aru ka: aru kokyūki hazushi jiken kara.Michi Nakajima - 2007 - Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten.
    二〇〇六年三月、富山県の射水市民病院で入院中の末期患者七人の人工呼吸器が取り外され、死亡していたことが明らかになった。実際にはいかなる事態が起きたのか?その後つづいた「尊厳死法制化」をめぐる政府・医療 界・メディア等の動きも踏まえ、今、日本の終末期医療に真に求められていることは何かを渾身で問いかける。.
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  9.  7
    Taiwa "nōshi jidai" no ikikata to shinikata: zōki ishoku, gankokuchi, songenshi.Michi Nakajima - 1994 - Tōkyō: Jiji Tsūshinsha. Edited by Hiroyuki Itsuki.
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  10.  37
    Simulator-mediated acquisition of a dynamic control skill.Jean Hayes Michie & Donald Michie - 1998 - AI and Society 12 (1-2):71-77.
    Uses of stored skill-models to accelerate simulator-based real-time training in a control skill are discussed. A real-time coach must deliver advice at three levels: (1) what to do next, (2) what to watch for, and (3) what went wrong. Human learning and machine learning results are presented using different screen representations of a pole-and-cart balancing task.
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  11. Universals: an opinionated introduction.D. M. Armstrong - 1989 - Boulder: Westview Press.
    In this short text, a distinguished philosopher turns his attention to one of the oldest and most fundamental philosophical problems of all: How it is that we are able to sort and classify different things as being of the same natural class? Professor Armstrong carefully sets out six major theories—ancient, modern, and contemporary—and assesses the strengths and weaknesses of each. Recognizing that there are no final victories or defeats in metaphysics, Armstrong nonetheless defends a traditional account of universals as the (...)
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  12. A World of States of Affairs.D. M. Armstrong - 1993 - Philosophical Perspectives 7:429-440.
    In this important study D. M. Armstrong offers a comprehensive system of analytical metaphysics that synthesises but also develops his thinking over the last twenty years. Armstrong's analysis, which acknowledges the 'logical atomism' of Russell and Wittgenstein, makes facts the fundamental constituents of the world, examining properties, relations, numbers, classes, possibility and necessity, dispositions, causes and laws. All these, it is argued, find their place and can be understood inside a scheme of states of affairs. This is a comprehensive and (...)
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  13.  17
    Beyond Abortion Clinics: How Overturning Roe Will Obstruct Life-Saving Research and Fetal Therapy.Marsha Michie - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (8):62-64.
    The target articles in this “Roe v. Wade” special issue of AJOB rightly point to multiple ethical harms of an imminent end to full federal protection for legal abortion in the United States, p...
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  14.  37
    Current developments in artificial intelligence and expert systems.Donald Michie - 1985 - Zygon 20 (4):375-389.
    The definition of an expert system as a knowledge‐based source of advice and explanation pinpoints the critical problem which confronts the would‐be builders of such systems. How is the required body of knowledge to be elicited from its human possessors in a form sufficiently complete for effective organization in computer memory? This article reviews recent advances in the art of automated knowledge‐extraction from expert‐supplied example decisions. Computer induction, as the new approach is called, promises both important parallels to the human (...)
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  15.  30
    Evidence into practice: a theory based study of achieving national health targets in primary care.Susan Michie, Jane Hendy, Jonathan Smith & Fiona Adshead Msc Ffph - 2004 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 10 (3):447-456.
  16.  21
    Genetic counselling.S. Michie - 1994 - Journal of Medical Ethics 20 (4):268-269.
  17.  21
    Stimulus selection, sensory memory, and orienting.Patricia T. Michie, David A. T. Siddle & Max Coltheart - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (2):248-249.
  18.  31
    Weaponizing Hope: Sources of Hope, Unrealistic Optimism, and Denial.Marsha Michie, Megan Allyse, Katie A. Stoll & Zubin Master - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (9):25-27.
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  19. Sensibility theory and projectivism.Justin D'Arms & Daniel Jacobson - 2006 - In David Copp (ed.), The Oxford handbook of ethical theory. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 186--218.
    This chapter explores the debate between contemporary projectivists or expressivists, and the advocates of sensibility theory. Both positions are best viewed as forms of sentimentalism — the theory that evaluative concepts must be explicated by appeal to the sentiments. It argues that the sophisticated interpretation of such notions as “true” and “objective” that are offered by defenders of these competing views ultimately undermines the significance of their meta-ethical disputes over “cognitivism” and “realism” about value. Their fundamental disagreement lies in moral (...)
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  20.  22
    Contracts, Co-Operation, and Competition: Studies in Economics, Management, and Law.Simon F. Deakin & Jonathan Michie (eds.) - 1997 - Oxford University Press UK.
    The economic theory of contract is being reshaped in ways which resonate with the findings of socio-legal contract scholars and of industrial economists and sociologists in the Marshallian tradition, who emphasise the 'embeddedness' of organizations within their social and cultural environment. Contractual co-operation is seen as depending on institutional factors which serve to enhance 'trust', and arrangements which in the past were criticized as the product of collusion are being reassessed as potentially efficient responses to market failure. An active debate (...)
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  21. Mark as Story: An Introduction to the Narrative of a Gospel.David Rhoads & Donald Michie - 1982
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  22.  11
    ‘Mitori’ practices at a Japanese Hospital: Interactional analysis of the processes of death and dying in Japan.Michie Kawashima - 2019 - Discourse Studies 21 (2):159-179.
    Using 20 video recordings of Emergency Room treatment and over 5 years of Emergency Room fieldwork data, this study elucidates how interactional processes serve as resources for generating a cultural script of death in Japan called ‘Mitori’. A sudden death at a hospital, in which a patient is removed from their social network, is often considered as the opposite of a ‘good home death’. This study shows how hospital deaths in Japan are strongly interrelated with family participation. After showing the (...)
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  23.  25
    Beyond culture: Perspectives from social anthropology on diversity, agency and ethics in dealing with advance care directives.Michi Knecht - 2008 - Ethik in der Medizin 20 (3):169-180.
    In Anerkennung der für Gegenwartsgesellschaften konstitutiven Diversität ihrer Bevölkerungen diskutieren Bioethik und Medizin verstärkt die kulturelle Relativität ihrer eigenen Voraussetzungen, die Kulturspezifik „anderer“ Positionen und die Möglichkeiten kulturübergreifender Orientierungen. Dabei kommt häufig ein Kulturbegriff zum Einsatz, der aus der Perspektive der aktuellen Sozial- und Kulturanthropologie zu statisch, zu homogenisierend und zu sehr auf Differenz und Abgrenzung hin orientiert ist. Der Beitrag diskutiert zunächst Konzepte von Kultur, die solche Verkürzungen zu vermeiden suchen. Sie betonen hingegen Verflechtungszusammenhänge unter dem Vorzeichen intensivierter Globalisierung (...)
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  24.  54
    Consciousness as an engineering issue. Part 2.Donald Michie - 1995 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 2 (1):52-66.
    This paper's first part, reviewed attempts to model real-world problem solving as machine-executable logic. Part 2 considers an alternative model in which the solution of problems is primarily the work of visualization supported by automatized skills. Consciousness operates at the level of goal-setting and monitoring, and of the construction and communication of after-the-event commentaries, not as a problem solver. Engineering designs based on this model have proved convenient and effective. `Structured induction' is now routinely used to recover and articulate expertise (...)
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  25.  24
    What Really Matters Now in Prenatal Genetics.Megan A. Allyse & Marsha Michie - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (2):31-33.
    We were interested to read the current target article, given our admiration for the senior author’s comprehensive coverage of these same topics a decade ago (Donley, Hul...
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  26.  31
    Consciousness as an engineering issue (parts 1 and 2).Donald Michie - 1994 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 1 (1):192-95.
    Consciousness has been widely regarded as the central arena for the mental solution of problems. A variant view locates the business end of problem solving elsewhere, with conscious intervention only for intermittent monitoring and goal-setting. In this scenario conscious awareness, with `intelligent' processes generally, is largely specialized to the construction and communication of appropriate after-the-event histories and explanations.The first part of the paper traces a long march undertaken by main-stream artificial intelligence basing itself on the first assumption. Disappointment with the (...)
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  27. Looking at Victorian Honeymoons.Helena Michie - 1997 - Common Knowledge 6:125-136.
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  28.  9
    ‘Mind-like’ capabilities in computers: A note on computer induction.Donald Michie - 1982 - Cognition 12 (1):97-108.
  29.  46
    Old Questions, New Paradigms: Ethical, Legal, and Social Complications of Noninvasive Prenatal Testing.Marsha Michie & Megan Allyse - 2015 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 6 (1):1-4.
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  30.  6
    Return of the Imitation Game : 1. Commercial Requirements and a Prototype.Donald Michie - 2001 - Linköping Electronic Articles in Computer and Information Science 6.
    Recently there has been an unexpected rebirth of Turing's imitation game in the context of commercial demand. To meet the new requirements the following is a minimal list of what must be simulated. Real chat utterances are concerned with associative exchange of mental images. They are constrained by contextual relevance rather than by logical or linguistic laws. Time-bounds do not allow real-time construction of reasoned arguments, but only the retrieval of stock lines and rebuttals, assembled Lego-like on the fly. A (...)
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  31. Turing's Test and Conscious Thought 'in P. Millican and A. Clark, eds'.Donald Michie - 1996 - In Peter Millican & A. Clark (eds.), Machines and Thought. Oxford University Press. pp. 27--51.
     
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  32.  32
    Cherchez la Femme: Reproductive CRISPR and Women's Choices.Megan Allyse, Marsha Michie, Jessica Mozersky & Rayna Rapp - 2015 - American Journal of Bioethics 15 (12):47-49.
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  33. Naturalism and Physicalism.D. Gene Witmer - 2012 - In Robert Barnard & Neil Manson (eds.), Continuum Companion to Metaphysics. Continuum Publishing. pp. 90-120.
    A substantial guide providing an overview of both physicalism and metaphysical naturalism, reviewing both questions of formulation and justification for both doctrines. Includes a diagnostic strategy for understanding talk of naturalism as a metaphysical thesis.
     
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  34.  35
    Born Well: Prenatal Genetics and the Future of Having Children.Megan A. Allyse & Marsha Michie (eds.) - 2021 - Springer Verlag.
    This book brings together an international collection of experts in reproductive ethics, law, disability studies, and medicine to explore the challenging future of reproduction and children. From the medical to the social and from the financial to the legal, the authors explore the expanding impact of reproductive genetics on our society. New advances in genetic technologies are revolutionizing the practice of reproductive medicine. We have expanded our ability to detect genetic changes in embryos and fetuses in ways that potentially allow (...)
  35.  6
    Engaging with Historical Source Work: Practices, pedagogy, dialogue.Charles Anderson, Kate Day, Ranald Michie & David Rollason - 2006 - Arts and Humanities in Higher Education 5 (3):243-263.
    Although primary source work is a major component of undergraduate history degrees in many countries, the topic of how best to support this work has been relatively unexplored. This article addresses the pedagogical support of primary source work by reviewing relevant literature to identify the challenges undergraduates face in interpreting sources, and examining how in two courses carefully articulated course design and supportive teaching activities assisted students to meet these challenges. This fine-grained examination of the courses is framed within a (...)
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  36. Consciousness and Bose-Einstein condensates.D. Zohar - 1996 - In Stuart R. Hameroff, Alfred W. Kaszniak & Alwyn Scott (eds.), Toward a Science of Consciousness: The First Tucson Discussions and Debates. MIT Press.
  37. Biomedical experimentation with children: Balancing the need for protective measures with the need to respect children's developing ability to make significant life decisions for themselves.D. N. Weisstub, S. N. Verdun-Jones & J. Walker - 1998 - In David N. Weisstub (ed.), Research on human subjects: ethics, law, and social policy. Kidlington, Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press. pp. 380--404.
     
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  38. Ethical research with vulnerable populations: The developmentally disabled.D. N. Weisstub & J. Arboleda-Florez - 1998 - In David N. Weisstub (ed.), Research on human subjects: ethics, law, and social policy. Kidlington, Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press. pp. 479--494.
     
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  39. Establishing the boundaries of ethically permissible research with vulnerable populations.D. N. Weisstub, J. Arboleda-Florez & G. F. Tomossy - 1998 - In David N. Weisstub (ed.), Research on human subjects: ethics, law, and social policy. Kidlington, Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press. pp. 355--79.
     
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  40. Multiple modes of control for grasping.D. A. Westwood - 2004 - In Robert Schwartz (ed.), Perception. Malden Ma: Blackwell. pp. 10-11.
     
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  41. Effects of adaptation on perceived location for first-order and second-order visual stimuli.D. Whitaker, P. V. McGraw & D. M. Levi - 1996 - In Enrique Villanueva (ed.), Perception. Ridgeview. pp. 18-18.
     
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  42. Localisation and identification of illusory surface with binocular stereopsis.D. Yoshino & M. Idesawa - 2004 - In Robert Schwartz (ed.), Perception. Malden Ma: Blackwell. pp. 81-81.
  43. The glare effect in depth.D. Zavagno, K. Sakurai & K. Koga - 2004 - In Robert Schwartz (ed.), Perception. Malden Ma: Blackwell. pp. 114-114.
     
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  44. Perceiving Smellscapes.Benjamin D. Young - 2020 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 101 (2):203-223.
    We perceive smells as perduring complex entities within a distal array that might be conceived of as smellscapes. However, the philosophical orthodoxy of Odor Theories has been to deny that smells are perceived as having a distal location. Recent challenges have been mounted to Odor Theories’ veracity in handling the timescale of olfactory perception, how it individuates odors as a distal entities, and their claim that olfactory perception is not spatial. The paper does not aim to dispute these criticisms. Rather, (...)
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  45. Liminality, sacred space and the Diwan.D. Weir - 2009 - In Steve Brie, Jenny Daggers & David Torevell (eds.), Sacred space: interdisciplinary perspectives within contemporary contexts. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Press. pp. 39--54.
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  46.  7
    What would Plato think?: 200+ philosophical questions that could change your life.D. E. Wittkower - 2022 - New York: Adams Media.
    Inside What Would Plato Do?, you'll find the basics of philosophy, written in an easy, digestible way we can all understand, along with questions to help you apply these important theories to your own life. So, after you've learned about a philosophical concept, you'll then be challenged to test yourself and see how the results can impact your daily life. For instance, after learning about Kant's theory of morality and the importance of intention you're challenged with questions like: Can good (...)
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  47.  10
    Avtonomii︠a︡ religioznogo soznanii︠a︡: teorii︠a︡, metodologii︠a︡, praktika.D. A. Zaevskiĭ - 2004 - Armavir: Armavirskiĭ gos. pedagogicheskiĭ universitet. Edited by A. D. Pokhilʹko.
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  48.  9
    The Career of the Lógos: A Brief Biography.D. Williams - 2016 - Philosophies 1 (3):209--219.
    This paper is a review of the influence that lógos has had on ancient Greek, Jewish, and Christian writings. During the philosophical era known as Middle Platonism, the concept/ontology of the lógos played a unique role in enabling Pagan, Jewish, and Christian intellectuals to communicate on a small space of common ground.
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  49.  26
    The role of arterial pulsatility and white matter microstructure in age-related cognitive decline.Jolly Todd, Michie Patricia, Bateman Grant, Fulham William, Cooper Patrick, Levi Christopher, Parsons Mark & Karayanidis Frini - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
  50.  85
    Global Reflection Principles.P. D. Welch - 2017 - In I. Niiniluoto, H. Leitgeb, P. Seppälä & E. Sober (eds.), Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science - Proceedings of the 15th International Congress, 2015. College Publications.
    Reflection Principles are commonly thought to produce only strong axioms of infinity consistent with V = L. It would be desirable to have some notion of strong reflection to remedy this, and we have proposed Global Reflection Principles based on a somewhat Cantorian view of the universe. Such principles justify the kind of cardinals needed for, inter alia , Woodin’s Ω-Logic.
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