ObjectiveNumerous studies have demonstrated that religious belief is associated with prosocial behavior. However, how do they maintain cooperation in societies with a predominating atheist population, such as China? Different primings and a quasi-experiment are used to examine the link between communist authority and prosocial behaviors among college students in China.Materials and methodsIn Study 1, the subjects’ communist authority in the university lab was primed by a communist-authority video. In Study 2, we compared the priming effects of communist authority and religion (...) on prosocial intention. Study 3 investigated the priming effect of communist authority on prosocial behaviors by employing a scrambled sentence task in the university lab. A quasi-experiment was conducted in Study 4.ResultsResults showed that communist-authority, a reminder of secular authorities, increased prosociality among college students. And empathy moderated the relationship between secular authorities and prosociality in Study 3 and Study 4.DiscussionCommunist authority, a secular authority prime, has a positive effect on promoting prosocial behaviors. These results provided a feasible yet novel way to reveal the mechanism of the relationship between secular authorities and prosociality in China. (shrink)

本书包括:黑格尔与海德格尔论“无”;经验与存在;无限的存在与有限的存在;时间是存在的本质等内容。.

Zhang Shiying 張世英 has been widely acclaimed as a master of philosophy in mainland China. His new claim of “the myriad things as one body” remains greatly influential in philosophy and aesthetics. It cannot be categorized under Marxism, Western philosophy, or traditional Chinese philosophy, because it stands on its own right. As a creative synthesizing of the three traditions, Zhang’s claim answers some important and immediate problems that China is facing. It is a pity that this claim seems unknown to (...) the West. This article tries to introduce two crucial parts of the claim: its ontology and its theory of “spheres of living”. (shrink)

本书所编选的文章,是作者从事伦理学的教学和科研工作40多年来,在伦理道德建设方面潜心研究的成果。大体分为以下几个方面:伦理学基本理论研究、中国传统伦理思想研究、现实道德问题研究等。.

本书是罗根泽对诸子的哲学研究,包括《古史辨》第四册《诸子丛考》自序;战国前无私家著作说;由《墨子》引经推测儒墨两家与经书之关系;《墨子》探源等内容。.

What ultimately is the relationship of the development of scientific technology and the consequent raising of the material level of life to the development of morality? Today, as the realization of the Four Modernizations is accelerated, a thorough examination of this question is highly important and meaningful.

Bioethical debates on the use of human embryos and oocytes for stem cell research have often been criticized for the lack of empirical insights into the perceptions and experiences of the women and couples who are asked to donate these tissues in the IVF clinic. Empirical studies that have investigated the attitudes of IVF patients and citizens on the donation of their embryos and oocytes have been scarce and have focused predominantly on the situation in Europe and Australia. This article (...) examines the viewpoints on the donation of embryos for stem cell research among IVF patients and students in China. Research into the perceptions of patients is based on in-depth interviews with IVF patients and IVF clinicians. Research into the attitudes of students is based on a quantitative survey study. The empirical findings in this paper indicate that perceptions of the donation of human embryos for stem cell research in China are far more diverse and complex than has commonly been suggested. Claims that ethical concerns regarding the donation and use of embryos and oocytes for stem cell research are typical for Western societies but absent in China cannot be upheld. The article shows that research into the situated perceptions and cultural specificities of human tissue donation can play a crucial role in the deconstruction of politicized bioethical argumentation and the assumptions about “others” that underlie socio-ethical debates on the moral dilemmas of technology developments in the life sciences. (shrink)

In recent years, the translation of Debray’s writings and the study of his media thoughts have become increasingly popular in China, but the ‘medium’ in his media discourse has never been clarified. Debray pointed out that the focus of the media is ‘mediation’, which actually reveals a new way of thinking and reasoning. He then proposed four stages of mediological reasoning: Message, Medium, Milieu and Mediation. This article believes that based on this framework (i.e. 4M), Debray used McLuhan’s theory as (...) a hub for analysis and launched a set of research methods and tools aimed at exploring the multiple nature of medium and message on the sense of interaction between culture and technology, which also involved the utility of ‘mediasphere’ as an exploration principle to question the past and future of mankind and the media conditions. This approach provides an avenue for us to understand ourselves and transmissions in different space-time categories at both practical and theoretical levels. This article emphasizes that it is better not to interpret Debray’s thoughts as a theory parallel to the existing medium theories because its focus is on research approaches rather than arguments. Besides, although Debray’s medium theory is based on his experience and thinking in Europe and Latin America, there are reasons for the publicity of Debray’s ideology in China. From the perspective of history, culture and human geography, Chinese civilization can be said to contain rich ideological resources of mediation. This is of great significance to re-understand China’s history and reality in the new context of globalization, and to discover the global value of China’s experience. (shrink)

Recent political theory has seen a revived interest in theorizing the political party, and, in particular, exploring what the political party can do to address its decline and revitalize itself. This renewed interest, however, draws largely on the political praxis of party politics of established liberal democracies in the United States and Europe. In this article, I bring Chinese thinker Wang Hui’s (Maoist) party theory into the conversation. By engaging Wang’s party theory, I demonstrate how we can understand party decline (...) in nonliberal democratic countries with revolutionary legacies. I then analyze Wang’s solution to the decline of the revolutionary party, which focuses on the intricate relationship between individualistic charismatic politics and party politics. Finally, through reading Wang in and beyond the Chinese context, I show the problems with Wang’s theory and discuss how it can learn from the party-movement relationship in other contexts. (shrink)

Ecological psychology regards culture as a response to the demands of the environment. As rice farming in history has significantly influenced the formation of human cultural consciousness, we investigate how the rice culture of a chairperson’s birthplace affects a firm’s CSR activities. Our main finding reveals a positive and significant correlation between a chairperson’s rice culture and CSR activities. Further analysis demonstrates that this positive relationship is particularly pronounced in private firms and family firms. We also examine the incremental effect (...) of individual management heterogeneity and find that the positive relationship is strengthened when the chairperson has a shorter tenure or higher level of education. Additionally, more developed regions help enhance this positive relationship. To address the endogeneity concerns, we adopt an instrumental variable approach and exogenous event analysis based on chairperson turnover. The results are robust to a set of additional tests. Overall, our findings document the benefits of a chairperson’s rice culture in developing countries like China and reveal how this benefit is priced into CSR performance. (shrink)

本书收集了中国伦理学会会长罗国杰教授近20年来发表的著作、文章、书序等共计194 篇。从中,既可以看到罗国杰先生教学、研究的思想脉络,更可以把握改革开放以来我国伦理道德建设和社会主义精神文明建设的大致轨迹。.

Pertinent to understand the role of fate in this world, issues of political wisdom. "Hamlet" raises a question: potential rulers encountered misfortune, should be how to deal with. Hamlet by showing an error on the fate of the two views, Shakespeare shows consistent with the classical philosopher: personal misfortune should not be attributed to fate or God, but should be attributed to their nature and choice. Hamlet and Homer's epic and drama links, to some extent, reveal the fate of his (...) misunderstanding of the reason. Although Hamlet's view is similar to the fate of Machiavelli, but he vowed to pursue justice, it shows the difference between him and Machiavelli. (shrink)

Computer vision is widely used in manufacturing, sports, medical diagnosis, and other fields. In this article, a multifeature fusion error action expression method based on silhouette and optical flow information is proposed to overcome the shortcomings in the effectiveness of a single error action expression method based on the fusion of features for human body error action recognition. We analyse and discuss the human error action recognition method based on the idea of template matching to analyse the key issues that (...) affect the overall expression of the error action sequences, and then, we propose a motion energy model based on the direct motion energy decomposition of the video clips of human error actions in the 3 Deron action sequence space through the filter group. The method can avoid preprocessing operations such as target localization and segmentation; then, we use MET features and combine with SVM to test the human body error database and compare the experimental results obtained by using different feature reduction and classification methods, and the results show that the method has the obvious comparative advantage in the recognition rate and is suitable for other dynamic scenes. (shrink)

In the paper, we study connections between rough concept lattices and domains. The main result is representation theorems of complete lattices and algebraic lattices by concepts based on Rough Set Theory. It is shown that there is a deep relationship between Rough Set Theory and Domain Theory.

In the formal semantics based on modern type theories, common nouns are interpreted as types, rather than as predicates of entities as in Montague’s semantics. This brings about important advantages in linguistic interpretations but also leads to a limitation of expressive power because there are fewer operations on types as compared with those on predicates. The theory of coercive subtyping adequately extends the modern type theories and, as shown in this paper, plays a very useful role in making type theories (...) more expressive for formal semantics. It not only gives a satisfactory solution to the basic problem of ‘multiple categorisation’ caused by interpreting common nouns as types, but provides a powerful formal framework to model interesting linguistic phenomena such as copredication, whose formal treatment has been found difficult in a Montagovian setting. In particular, we show how to formally introduce dot-types in a type theory with coercive subtyping and study some type-theoretic constructs that provide useful representational tools for reference transfers and multiple word meanings in formal lexical semantics. (shrink)

People often say with relish that the twentieth century is the American century, and what Americans themselves are particularly proud of are the terms "the American way" and "the American dream," which have specific, loaded meanings. Indeed, at least since the World War II, the American way has surely been in the limelight. The whole world seems to be vying to identify with this American way—everything from Coca Cola and jeans to American pop music has been scooped up by the (...) rest of the world, uncritically and entirely. (shrink)

We show that there is a $$ \varvec{\Sigma }_4^0$$ ideal such that it’s neither extendable to any $$ \varvec{\Pi }_3^0$$ ideal nor above the ideal $$ \textrm{Fin}\times \textrm{Fin} $$ in the sense of Katětov order, answering a question from M. Hrušák.

This article proposes an interpretation of the ‘Thesis that Things do not Shift’ (_Wu bu qian lun,_ 物不遷論) of the early Chinese Buddhist philosopher Sengzhao. We understand Sengzhao to be proposing a version of the philosophy of time found in Sarvāstivāda Abhidharma, and then interpreting statements about time from Mahāyāna texts in light of that account. But whatever his limitations as a cross-cultural interpreter, we find Sengzhao surprisingly impressive philosophically, as he proposes a view that is noticeably more advanced towards (...) a modern conception of time than the accounts found in South Asian Buddhist sources. Ironically, his earnest efforts to present his view as falling within the Mahāyāna may have functioned to conceal Sengzhao’s true philosophical achievement. (shrink)

In 1964, a debate that attracted widespread attention occurred within Chinese philosophical circles on the question of "one divides into two" and "two combine into one." But because the scholarly questions became mixed with politics, this debate never fully developed, and the critique of "one divides into two" was hurriedly terminated. "One divides into two" was judged to be the "correct, living, and common expression of the true nature and core of the materialist dialectic — the theory of the unity (...) of opposites," and it was interpreted as representing the broad functions of the revolutionary dialectic. (shrink)

Tagba is a tone language that presents tonal patterns that appear quite regular at first glance. However, these are difficult to model under standard autosegmental hierarchical assumptions regarding the placement of skeleton, segments and tones. In this paper, we will present Tagba tonology and demonstrate that it can be accounted for by readjusting the tiers of hierarchization. From this, we reason that the proposed hierarchy is parametric and language specific.

Within Luo’s (2001, J. Math. Econ. 36, 95–109) framework of a general system, I establish an equivalence theorem for the conservative stable standard of behavior (CSSB for short) developed by J. Greenberg (“The Theory of Social Situation: An Alternative Game-Theoretic Approach,” Cambridge University Press, 1990). It is shown that a standard of behavior for a situation is a CSSB if, and only if, its graph is a φ-stable set for the associated general system.

Junzi (君子 gentleman) is the ideal personality for Confucius. To perform benevolence ( ren 仁) and righteousness ( yi 義) is the responsibility of a junzi. A junzi also esteems bravery, which takes benevolence and righteousness and the justification of the enterprise as its prerequisites. A junzi must do things properly and act in accordance with the mean ( zhongyong 中庸). How does one achieve the mean? The person concerned needs to be flexible with the principles and the circumstances of (...) the situation. A person is not born a junzi, but to become one. And to become a junzi, one needs to cultivate one’s character, which includes the cultivation of the inner spirit and the literature and arts. Confucius’ theory of junzi is still relevant in modern times, and modern society needs a new type of junzi. (shrink)

Junzi (君子 gentleman) is the ideal personality for Confucius. To perform benevolence ( ren 仁) and righteousness ( yi 義) is the responsibility of a junzi. A junzi also esteems bravery, which takes benevolence and righteousness and the justification of the enterprise as its prerequisites. A junzi must do things properly and act in accordance with the mean ( zhongyong 中庸). How does one achieve the mean? The person concerned needs to be flexible with the principles and the circumstances of (...) the situation. A person is not born a junzi, but to become one. And to become a junzi, one needs to cultivate one’s character, which includes the cultivation of the inner spirit and the literature and arts. Confucius’ theory of junzi is still relevant in modern times, and modern society needs a new type of junzi. (shrink)