Results for 'Predicate abstraction'

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  1.  9
    Philosophical abstracts.Tensed Propositions as Predicates - 1969 - American Philosophical Quarterly 6 (4).
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  2. Predicate abstraction, the limits of quantification, and the modality of existence.Philip Percival - 2011 - Philosophical Studies 156 (3):389-416.
    For various reasons several authors have enriched classical first order syntax by adding a predicate abstraction operator. “Conservatives” have done so without disturbing the syntax of the formal quantifiers but “revisionists” have argued that predicate abstraction motivates the universal quantifier’s re-classification from an expression that combines with a variable to yield a sentence from a sentence, to an expression that combines with a one-place predicate to yield a sentence. My main aim is to advance the (...)
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  3.  9
    Composition Under Distributive Natural Transformations: Or, When Predicate Abstraction is Impossible.Dylan Bumford - 2022 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 31 (3):287-307.
    Natural language semanticists have often found it useful to assume that all expressions denote sets of values. The approach is most prominent in the study of questions and prosodic focus, but also common in work on indefinites, disjunction, negative polarity, and scalar implicature. However, the most popular compositional implementation of this idea is known to face technical obstacles in the presence of object-language binding constructs, including, chiefly, lambda abstraction. The problem has been well-described on several occasions in the literature, (...)
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  4.  85
    The Strength of Abstraction with Predicative Comprehension.Sean Walsh - 2016 - Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 22 (1):105–120.
    Frege's theorem says that second-order Peano arithmetic is interpretable in Hume's Principle and full impredicative comprehension. Hume's Principle is one example of an abstraction principle, while another paradigmatic example is Basic Law V from Frege's Grundgesetze. In this paper we study the strength of abstraction principles in the presence of predicative restrictions on the comprehension schema, and in particular we study a predicative Fregean theory which contains all the abstraction principles whose underlying equivalence relations can be proven (...)
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  5.  34
    The role of language in building abstract, generalized conceptual representations of one- and two-place predicates: A comparison between adults and infants.Mohinish Shukla & Jill de Villiers - 2021 - Cognition 213 (C):104705.
    Theories of relations between language and conceptual development benefit from empirical evidence for concepts available in infancy, but such evidence is comparatively scarce. Here, we examine early representations of specific concepts, namely, sets of dynamic events corresponding either to predicates involving two variables with a reversible, asymmetric relation between them (such as the set of all events that correspond to a linguistic phrase like “a dog is pushing a car,”) or to comparatively simpler, one-variable predicates (such as the set of (...)
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  6. Predication in Conceptual Realism.Nino B. Cocchiarella - 2013 - Axiomathes 23 (2):301-321.
    Conceptual realism begins with a conceptualist theory of the nexus of predication in our speech and mental acts, a theory that explains the unity of those acts in terms of their referential and predicable aspects. This theory also contains as an integral part an intensional realism based on predicate nominalization and a reflexive abstraction in which the intensional contents of our concepts are “object”-ified, and by which an analysis of predication with intensional verbs can be given. Through a (...)
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  7. Numerical Abstraction via the Frege Quantifier.G. Aldo Antonelli - 2010 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 51 (2):161-179.
    This paper presents a formalization of first-order arithmetic characterizing the natural numbers as abstracta of the equinumerosity relation. The formalization turns on the interaction of a nonstandard cardinality quantifier with an abstraction operator assigning objects to predicates. The project draws its philosophical motivation from a nonreductionist conception of logicism, a deflationary view of abstraction, and an approach to formal arithmetic that emphasizes the cardinal properties of the natural numbers over the structural ones.
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  8.  49
    On the predicate logics of continuous t-norm BL-algebras.Franco Montagna - 2005 - Archive for Mathematical Logic 44 (1):97-114.
    Abstract.Given a class C of t-norm BL-algebras, one may wonder which is the complexity of the set Taut(C∀) of predicate formulas which are valid in any algebra in C. We first characterize the classes C for which Taut(C∀) is recursively axiomatizable, and we show that this is the case iff C only consists of the Gödel algebra on [0,1]. We then prove that in all cases except from a finite number Taut(C∀) is not even arithmetical. Finally we consider (...) monadic logics TautM(C∀) of classes C of t-norm BL-algebras, and we prove that (possibly with finitely many exceptions) they are undecidable. (shrink)
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  9.  40
    Self-predication and the "third man" argument.Roger A. Shiner - 1970 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 8 (4):371.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Self-Predication and the "Third Man" Argument ROGER A. SHINER 1.1. IN COMMPm'mO on the 'Third Man' Argument (TMA), Proclus z produces the following line of thought. He argues that. if the relation of resemblance between Form and particular were symmetrical, the argument in question would be valid; the relation is not, however, symmetrical. Where a Form and particular are both alike, have the quality of likeness, the likeness of (...)
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  10.  11
    On predicator rules and indexicality.Clément Lion - 2019 - Humanities Journal of Valparaiso 13:18-33.
    We argue that no attempt of reducing meaning to a systematic set of rules, according to which the role of linguistic expressions is to be normatively defined, can be abstracted from an irreducibly decisional compound. By comparing Lorenzen ’s project of building an Ortho-language and Brandom ’s inferentialist take on meaning, we distinguish two ways of acknowledging this fact, while claiming that Lorenzen ’s take is more genuinely constructive, insofar as choices be thought of as genuine features of constructions. It (...)
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  11.  31
    Deictic Abstractions: On the Occasional References to Ideal Objectivities Producible with the Words “This” and “Thus”.Rochus Sowa - 2011 - Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 42 (1):5-25.
    This essay introduces the concept of deictic abstraction , taking as a point of departure Husserl’s prototypical but insufficient description of the act of ideation in which a shade of color comes to givenness as an ideal object, i.e., a non-individual or abstract object, on the basis of a perceived individual object. This concept comprises not only color-ideation and ideations of universalities of the sensuous sphere , but all acts founded in perceptions in which ideal objects are directly referred (...)
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  12.  58
    Nominalization, predication and type containment.Fairouz Kamareddine & Ewan Klein - 1993 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 2 (3):171-215.
    In an attempt to accommodate natural language phenomena involving nominalization and self-application, various researchers in formal semantics have proposed abandoning the hierarchical type system which Montague inherited from Russell, in favour of more flexible type regimes. We briefly review the main extant proposals, and then develop a new approach, based semantically on Aczel's notion of Frege structure, which implements a version ofsubsumption polymorphism. Nominalization is achieved by virtue of the fact that the types of predicative and propositional complements are contained (...)
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  13.  38
    Things, predicates and relations.G. F. Stout - 1940 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 18 (2):117 – 130.
  14.  24
    Weather Predicates, Unarticulation and Utterances.Richard Vallée - 2018 - Manuscrito 41 (2):1-28.
    ABSTRACT Perry contends that an utterance of ‘It is raining’ must be assigned a location before being truth assessed. The location is famously argued to be an unarticulated constituent of the proposition an utterance of expresses. My paper examines this view from a pluri-propositionalist perspective. The sentence contains an impersonal pronoun, ‘it’ and the impersonal verb ‘to rain. I suggest that the utterance of semantically determines ‘to rain’, which is an event, and that that event is instantiated at a time (...)
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  15. Temporal parts and complex predicates.Thomas Sattig - 2002 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 102 (3):279–286.
    Those who believe that ordinary things have temporal as well as spatial parts must give an account of the truth conditions of temporally modified predications of the form ‘a is F at t ’ in terms of temporal parts. I will argue that the friend of temporal parts is committed to an account of temporal predication that is incompatible with the classical principle of predicate abstraction.
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  16.  22
    Predicates, relations and categories.L. Goddard - 1966 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 44 (2):139 – 171.
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  17.  54
    Properties, Predicates, Davidson and Deflation.Justin Robert Clarke - 2017 - Philosophia 45 (3):1085-1090.
    I want to motivate an account of what it is for an object to have a property, which may as well be called a deflationary view about properties. Such a view follows from a conception of predication I ground in the work of Donald Davidson, some of which remains unpublished. I claim that if we take seriously Davidson’s account of predication, by maintaining that sentences are the primary linguistic unit, we can define properties in terms of predicates. The aim of (...)
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  18.  83
    Abstraction, idealization, and oppression.Lisa H. Schwartzman - 2006 - Metaphilosophy 37 (5):565-588.
    Feminists, critical race scholars, and other social‐justice theorists sometimes object to “abstraction” in liberal normative theory. Arguing that oppression affects individual agents in powerful yet subtle ways, they contend that allegedly abstract theories often reinforce oppressive power structures. Here I critically examine and ultimately reject Onora O'Neill's “abstraction without idealization” as a solution to this problem. Because O'Neill defines abstraction as simply the “bracketing of certain predicates,” her methodology fails to guide decisions about what to bracket and (...)
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  19. That-clauses in attitude predicates: Giving syntax its due.Robert J. Matthews - 2020 - Theoretical Linguistics 46 (3-4):289-245.
    Abstract: In this brief commentary, I focus on two issues, first on Moltmann’s proposed Davidsonian event semantics for transitive verb attitude predicates, and second on the import of what she calls ‘the underspecification of content’ for the proper semantic interpretation of that-clauses. With respect to the first of these issues, I question the empirical justification of her proposed semantics, suggesting that she needs a syntactic rationale for her semantics. With respect to the second issue, I question whether, as she claims, (...)
     
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  20.  46
    Hermann Dishkant. The first order predicate calculus based on the logic of quantum mechanics. Reports on mathematical logic, no. 3 , pp. 9–17. - G. N. Georgacarakos. Orthomodularity and relevance. Journal of philosophical logic, vol. 8 , pp. 415–432. - G. N. Georgacarakos. Equationally definable implication algebras for orthomodular lattices. Studia logica, vol. 39 , pp. 5–18. - R. J. Greechie and S. P. Gudder. Is a quantum logic a logic?Helvetica physica acta, vol. 44 , pp. 238–240. - Gary M. Hardegree. The conditional in abstract and concrete quantum logic. The logico-algehraic approach to quantum mechanics, volume II, Contemporary consolidation, edited by C. A. Hooker, The University of Western Ontario series in philosophy of science, vol. 5, D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Boston, and London, 1979, pp. 49–108. - Gary M. Hardegree. Material implication in orthomodular lattices. Notre Dame journal of formal logic, vol. 22 , pp. 163–182. - J. M. Jauch and C. Piron. What is “q. [REVIEW]Alasdair Urquhart - 1983 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 48 (1):206-208.
  21.  29
    Abstract Forms of Quantification in the Quantified Argument Calculus.Edi Pavlović & Norbert Gratzl - 2023 - Review of Symbolic Logic 16 (2):449-479.
    The Quantified argument calculus (Quarc) has received a lot of attention recently as an interesting system of quantified logic which eschews the use of variables and unrestricted quantification, but nonetheless achieves results similar to the Predicate calculus (PC) by employing quantifiers applied directly to predicates instead. Despite this noted similarity, the issue of the relationship between Quarc and PC has so far not been definitively resolved. We address this question in the present paper, and then expand upon that result. (...)
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  22.  33
    Paradox lost: Understanding vague predicates.Neil Cooper - 1995 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 3 (2):244 – 269.
    Abstract The paper is concerned with the status of vague predicates. It is argued that they are for the most part ?classifiers?, which are covertly comparatives and name not monadic properties but relations. The Sorites Paradox, it is claimed, is thus defused and a verdict theory of vague predicates is presented. Our practice in using vague words is described and it is contended that in our use of these predicates we always have a permanent possibility of independent demarcation. Wittgenstein's picture (...)
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  23.  52
    Introducing new predicates to model scientific revolution.Charles X. Ling - 1995 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 9 (1):19 – 36.
    Abstract The notion of necessary new terms (predicates) is proposed. It is shown that necessary new predicates in first?order logic must be directly, recursively defined. I present a first?order inductive learning algorithm that introduces new necessary predicates to model scientific revolution in which a new language is adopted. I demonstrate that my learning system can learn a genetic theory with theoretical terms which, after being induced by my system, can be interpreted as either types of genetic properties (dominant or recessive) (...)
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  24. Abstraction and Explanatory Relevance; or, Why Do the Special Sciences Exist?Matthew C. Haug - 2011 - Philosophy of Science 78 (5):1143-1155.
    Non-reductive physicalists have long held that the special sciences offer explanations of some phenomena that are objectively superior to physical explanations. This explanatory “autonomy” has largely been based on the multiple realizability argument. Recently, in the face of the local reduction and disjunctive property responses to multiple realizability, some defenders of non-reductive physicalism have suggested that autonomy can be grounded merely in human cognitive limitations. In this paper, I argue that this is mistaken. By distinguishing between two kinds of (...) I show that the greater explanatory relevance of some special science predicates (to certain explananda) is both non-anthropocentric and not solely based on considerations of multiple realizability. This shows that the explanatory autonomy of the special sciences is safe from the local reduction and disjunctive property strategies, even if they are successful responses to the multiple realizability argument. (shrink)
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  25.  17
    Kalmár Lászlô. Contributions to the reduction theory of the decision problem. First paper. Prefix … , a single binary predicate. English with Russian abstract. Acta mathematica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae , vol. 1 no. 1 , pp. 64–73. [REVIEW]Alonzo Church - 1952 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 17 (1):73-73.
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  26.  27
    Kalmár László. Contributions to the reduction theory of the decision problem. Third paper. Prefix … , a single binary predicate. English with Russian abstract. Acta mathematica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 2, pp. 19–38. [REVIEW]Alonzo Church - 1953 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 18 (3):264-264.
  27. Abstracts of Comments: The Saturation of Dyspepsia: Comments on Wilson.Adam Morton - 1978 - Noûs 12 (1):53 -.
    Wilson argued that since for continuants such as people a predicate and a time determine a place, natural language *can* specify just, e,.g. "a is dyspeptic at t" leaving the location of a's dyspepsia unstated. From this he concludes that language *must* leave the location unstated. I query the transition from *may* to *must*.
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  28.  48
    Grounding and auto-abstraction.Luca Zanetti - 2020 - Synthese 198 (11):10187-10205.
    Abstraction principles and grounding can be combined in a natural way Modality: metaphysics, logic, and epistemology, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 109–136, 2010; Schwartzkopff in Grazer philosophische studien 82:353–373, 2011). However, some ground-theoretic abstraction principles entail that there are circles of partial ground :775–801, 2017). I call this problem auto-abstraction. In this paper I sketch a solution. Sections 1 and 2 are introductory. In Sect. 3 I start comparing different solutions to the problem. In Sect. 4 I (...)
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  29.  7
    Mental states via possessive predication: the grammar of possessive experiencer complex predicates in Persian.Ryan Walter Smith - forthcoming - Natural Language Semantics:1-44.
    Persian possesses a number of stative complex predicates with _dâshtan_ ‘to have’ that express certain kinds of mental state. I propose that these _possessive experiencer complex predicates_ be given a formal semantic treatment involving possession of a portion of an abstract quality by an individual, as in the analysis of property concept lexemes due to Francez and Koontz-Garboden (Language 91(3):533–563, 2015 ; Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 34:93–106, 2016 ; Semantics and morphosyntactic variation: Qualities and the grammar of property concepts, (...)
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  30.  16
    A New Approach to Predicative Set Theory.Arnon Avron - 2010 - In Ralf Schindler (ed.), Ways of Proof Theory. De Gruyter. pp. 31-64.
    We suggest a new framework for the Weyl-Feferman predicativist program by constructing a formal predicative set theory P ZF which resembles ZF , and is suitable for mechanization. The basic idea is that the predicatively acceptable instances of the comprehension schema are those which determine the collections they define in an absolute way, independent of the extension of the “surrounding universe”. The language of P ZF is type-free, and it reflects real mathematical practice in making an extensive use of statically (...)
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  31.  17
    Categorical Abstract Algebraic Logic: Truth-Equational $pi$-Institutions.George Voutsadakis - 2015 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 56 (2):351-378.
    Finitely algebraizable deductive systems were introduced by Blok and Pigozzi to capture the essential properties of those deductive systems that are very tightly connected to quasivarieties of universal algebras. They include the equivalential logics of Czelakowski. Based on Blok and Pigozzi’s work, Herrmann defined algebraizable deductive systems. These are the equivalential deductive systems that are also truth-equational, in the sense that the truth predicate of the class of their reduced matrix models is explicitly definable by some set of unary (...)
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  32.  53
    Abstracts from Logical Form: An Experimental Study of the Nexus between Language and Logic II.Joseph S. Fulda - 2006 - Journal of Pragmatics 38 (6):925-943.
    This experimental study provides further support for a theory of meaning first put forward by Bar-Hillel and Carnap in 1953 and foreshadowed by Asimov in 1951. The theory is the Popperian notion that the meaningfulness of a proposition is its a priori falsity. We tested this theory in the first part of this paper by translating to logical form a long, tightly written, published text and computed the meaningfulness of each proposition using the a priori falsity measure. We then selected (...)
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  33. From Syllogism to Predicate Calculus.Thomas J. McQuade - 1994 - Teaching Philosophy 17 (4):293-309.
    The purpose of this paper is to outline an alternative approach to introductory logic courses. Traditional logic courses usually focus on the method of natural deduction or introduce predicate calculus as a system. These approaches complicate the process of learning different techniques for dealing with categorical and hypothetical syllogisms such as alternate notations or alternate forms of analyzing syllogisms. The author's approach takes up observations made by Dijkstrata and assimilates them into a reasoning process based on modified notations. The (...)
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  34. Levels of abstraction and the Turing test.Luciano Floridi - 2010 - Kybernetes 39 (3):423-440.
    An important lesson that philosophy can learn from the Turing Test and computer science more generally concerns the careful use of the method of Levels of Abstraction (LoA). In this paper, the method is first briefly summarised. The constituents of the method are “observables”, collected together and moderated by predicates restraining their “behaviour”. The resulting collection of sets of observables is called a “gradient of abstractions” and it formalises the minimum consistency conditions that the chosen abstractions must satisfy. Two (...)
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  35.  43
    Three theories of nominalized predicates.Raymond Turner - 1985 - Studia Logica 44 (2):165 - 186.
    By the term nominalization I mean any process which transforms a predicate or predicate phrase into a noun or noun phrase, e.g. feminine is transformed into feminity. I call these derivative nouns abstract singular terms. Our aim is to provide a model-theoretic interpretation for a formal language which admits the occurrence of such abstract singular terms.
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  36.  69
    The abstract variable-binding calculus.Don Pigozzi & Antonino Salibra - 1995 - Studia Logica 55 (1):129 - 179.
    Theabstract variable binding calculus (VB-calculus) provides a formal frame-work encompassing such diverse variable-binding phenomena as lambda abstraction, Riemann integration, existential and universal quantification (in both classical and nonclassical logic), and various notions of generalized quantification that have been studied in abstract model theory. All axioms of the VB-calculus are in the form of equations, but like the lambda calculus it is not a true equational theory since substitution of terms for variables is restricted. A similar problem with the standard (...)
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  37.  70
    Nominalism, General Terms, and Predication.Herbert Hochberg - 1978 - The Monist 61 (3):460-475.
    Platonism, in its most recent and seemingly most cogent form, has rested on (a) the supposed indispensability of descriptive predicate terms in so-called "improved," or "clarified," or "perspicuous" languages; (b) the distinction between subject and predicate terms based on the asymmetry of the predication relation; and (c) the claimed ontological significance of the different categories of terms implied by (a) and (b). Nominalism, in one of its most pervasive recent forms, has involved the denial of the criterion of (...)
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  38. Term Models for Abstraction Principles.Leon Horsten & Øystein Linnebo - 2016 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 45 (1):1-23.
    Kripke’s notion of groundedness plays a central role in many responses to the semantic paradoxes. Can the notion of groundedness be brought to bear on the paradoxes that arise in connection with abstraction principles? We explore a version of grounded abstraction whereby term models are built up in a ‘grounded’ manner. The results are mixed. Our method solves a problem concerning circularity and yields a ‘grounded’ model for the predicative theory based on Frege’s Basic Law V. However, the (...)
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  39.  40
    Kinds and predications: An examination of Aristotle's theory of categories.Michael Loux - 1997 - Philosophical Papers 26 (1):3-28.
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  40.  33
    Bipolar Disorder and Self-Determination: Predicating Self-Determination at Scope.Elliot Porter - 2022 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 29 (3):133-145.
    Abstract:Bipolar or related disorders (BoRD) present unique practical and existential problems for people who live with them. All agents experience changes in the things they care about over time. However people living with BoRD face drastic shifts in what seems valuable to them, which upset their longitudinal values (if, indeed, any stable longitudinal values are available in the first place). Navigating these evaluative high seas presents agents living with BoRD with a distinctive existential question, not shared by those on calmer (...)
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  41. Rigid general terms and essential predicates.Ilhan Inan - 2008 - Philosophical Studies 140 (2):213 - 228.
    What does it mean for a general term to be rigid? It is argued by some that if we take general terms to designate their extensions, then almost no empirical general term will turn out to be rigid; and if we take them to designate some abstract entity, such as a kind, then it turns out that almost all general terms will be rigid. Various authors who pursue this line of reasoning have attempted to capture Kripke’s intent by defining a (...)
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  42.  46
    Abstract computability and invariant definability.Yiannis N. Moschovakis - 1969 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 34 (4):605-633.
    By language we understand a lower predicate calculus with identity and (perhaps) relation and function symbols. It is convenient to allow for more than one sort of variable. Now each individual constant (if there are any) is of a specified sort, the formal expressions R(t1, … tn), f(t1,…, tn) are well formed only if the terms t1, …, tn are of specified sorts determined by the relation symbol R and the function symbol f, and the term f(t1, …, tn) (...)
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  43.  9
    Leśniewskian Ontology with Many-argument Predication.Jacek Paśniczek - 2023 - History and Philosophy of Logic 44 (3):327-336.
    ABSTRACT Leśniewskian Ontology (LO) is a system in which the basic subject-predicate formula takes the form of a b and express one-argument predication, e.g. John is a student. In LO’s language, there is no many-argument form of predication given that would allow for the structural expression of, for example, the sentence John is Anne’s son. In this article, a simple and natural extension of LO is suggested to encompass many-argument predication. The system thus obtained corresponds to polyadic second-order logic.
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  44.  19
    Abstracts, Functions, Existence and Relations in the Russell-Meinong Dispute, the Bradley Paradox and the Realism-Nominalism Controversy.Herbert Hochberg - 1995 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 50 (1):273-291.
    The paper begins by considering Russell's criticism of Meinong's theory of objects and Sosein that center on the notions of negation and existence. The discussion raises issues about functions, properties, predication, the "concept" of existence and relations. These lead to a consideration of recent revivals of moderate nominalism in the form of trope theories. An argument against such theories suggests a fundamental principle of ontology and a reformulation of the nominalism-realism dispute.
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  45.  8
    Abstracts, Functions, Existence and Relations in the Russell-Meinong Dispute, the Bradley Paradox and the Realism-Nominalism Controversy.Herbert Hochberg - 1995 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 50 (1):273-291.
    The paper begins by considering Russell's criticism of Meinong's theory of objects and Sosein that center on the notions of negation and existence. The discussion raises issues about functions, properties, predication, the "concept" of existence and relations. These lead to a consideration of recent revivals of moderate nominalism in the form of trope theories. An argument against such theories suggests a fundamental principle of ontology and a reformulation of the nominalism-realism dispute.
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  46. Abstract of "DP structure and flexible semantics".Yoad Winter - manuscript
    DP hypothesis of Abney (1987), the syntactic unit that had formerly been known as noun phrase should in fact be analyzed as a phrase headed by a determiner, hence the label DP. Quite independently of this syntactic development, Partee (1987) proposed a type shifting paradigm for the semantic analysis of nominals (now called DPs). In Partee's proposal DPs are ambiguous between a referential reading of type e, a predicative reading of type et and a quantificational reading of type (et)t. DP (...)
     
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  47. Abstract of "type shifting with semantic features: A unified perspective".Yoad Winter - manuscript
    Since their introduction by Partee and Rooth (1983) into linguistic theory, type shifting principles have been extensively employed in various linguistic domains, including nominal predicates (Partee 1987), kind denoting NPs (Chierchia 1998), interrogatives (Groenendijk and Stokhof 1989), scrambled definites (De Hoop and Van der Does 1998) and plurals (Winter 2001,2002). Most of the accounts that use type shifting principles employ them as ``last resort'' mechanisms, which apply only when other compositional mechanisms fail. This failure is often sloppily referred to as (...)
     
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  48.  43
    Persons and predicability.Hugh S. Chandler - 1968 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 46 (2):112 – 116.
  49. Proceeding in Abstraction. From Concepts to Types and the recent perspective on Information.Giuseppe Primiero - 2009 - History and Philosophy of Logic 30 (3):257-282.
    This article presents an historical and conceptual overview on different approaches to logical abstraction. Two main trends concerning abstraction in the history of logic are highlighted, starting from the logical notions of concept and function. This analysis strictly relates to the philosophical discussion on the nature of abstract objects. I develop this issue further with respect to the procedure of abstraction involved by (typed) λ-systems, focusing on the crucial change about meaning and predicability. In particular, the analysis (...)
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  50. Does Embodiment of Verbs Influence Predicate Metaphor Processing in a Second Language? Evidence From Picture Priming.Yin Feng & Rong Zhou - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Distinct from nominal metaphors, predicate metaphors entail metaphorical abstraction from concrete verbs, which generally involve more action and stronger motor simulation than nouns. It remains unclear whether and how the concrete, embodied aspects of verbs are connected with abstract, disembodied thinking in the brains of L2 learners. Since English predicate metaphors are unfamiliar to Chinese L2 learners, the study of embodiment effect on English predicate metaphor processing may provide new evidence for embodied cognition and categorization models (...)
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