The concept of fuzzy Galois connections is defined on fuzzy posets with Bělohlávek's fuzzy Galois connections as a special case. The properties of fuzzy Galois connections are investigated. Then the relations between fuzzy Galois connections and fuzzy closure operators, fuzzy interior operators are studied.

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 posed an unprecedented threat to Chinese healthcare professionals. Nevertheless, few studies notably focused on the mental health conditions of nurses and explored protective factors to prevent posttraumatic stress and psychological distress. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and the predictive factors especially defensive predictors associated with posttraumatic stress and psychological distress in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: In this online study, 1,728 nurses were included in the final analysis. Posttraumatic stress disorder checklist for (...) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition and Self-Reporting Questionnaire was used to assess posttraumatic stress and psychological distress.Results: The results demonstrated that the prevalence of posttraumatic stress and psychological distress in nurses throughout China between February 1, 2020 and February 13, 2020 was 39.12 and 24.36%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that insomnia, high panic intensity, and high impact of the COVID-19 pandemic were risk predictors of posttraumatic stress and psychological distress in nurses. Married participants had a 1.58 times increased risk of having posttraumatic stress when compared with the single participants. Frontline medical staff were more likely to suffer from psychological distress. The adequate exercise was a protective predictor of psychological distress [adjusted odds ratio = 0.655, 95% CI = 0.486–0.883], but not with posttraumatic stress. High-quality diet was a protective predictor of posttraumatic stress and psychological distress.Conclusions: Our study revealed the prevalence and factors associated with posttraumatic stress and psychological distress in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Low panic intensity, low level of impact, satisfactory sleep, adequate exercise, and better diet were protective factors of posttraumatic stress and psychological distress. It indicated that the psychological status of nurses should be monitored, and protective factors associated with posttraumatic stress and psychological distress should be increased. (shrink)

本书收录了在纪念殷海光先生诞辰90周年学术研讨会上的致辞,胡秋原等对殷海光的迫害及后果,夏道平及其自由思想简介,夏道平经济自由思想的内涵等文章.

The study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the coronavirus anxiety scale during the coronavirus disease 2019 delta epidemic. A total of 2,116 participants on the Chinese mainland completed the online survey. We employed exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to investigate the factor structure. The findings showed that the one-factor model of the CAS Chinese version fitted perfectly with the data. The multigroup CFAs showed the measurement invariance across gender and age groups. We also examined the CAS’s (...) internal consistency and convergent and concurrent validity. The results demonstrated that the one-factor model had good reliability and convergent and concurrent validity. Overall, according to our findings, the CAS Chinese version was reliable for measuring coronavirus anxiety during the COVID-19 delta outbreak. (shrink)

Ingratiation is a common strategy for subordinates to deal with their supervisors in eastern and western societies. Based on the theory of impression management, this study focuses on the impact of upward ingratiation outside the workplace on supervisor’s human resource decisions in the Chinese context and the mechanism behind this impact. The data were collected from 252 supervisor-subordinate dyads in four manufacturing firms. The results demonstrate the following: first, supervisors hold a more favorable view of upward ingratiation outside the workplace; (...) second, upward ingratiation outside the workplace has a positive effect on the supervisor’s chance of promotion and bonus allocation decisions, and leader-member exchange plays a mediation role in this influence; third, Zhongyong thinking moderates the relationship between LMX and supervisor’s chance of promotion and bonus allocation decisions; and finally, ZYT moderates the indirect effect of ingratiation behavior outside the workplace on supervisor’s chance of promotion and bonus allocation decisions through LMX, and the mediated relationship is weakened when a supervisor has a higher level of ZYT. This is one of the first empirical studies, which examines the validity of subordinate’s upward ingratiation outside the workplace from the perspective of supervisor’s ZYT. This study plays an important role in highlighting the effect of ZYT on the ingratiation behavior. (shrink)

ObjectiveTo explore the relationships between dispositional mindfulness and their post-traumatic stress symptoms of emergency nurses, and the mediating effects of coping styles and emotional exhaustion.MethodsA cross-sectional survey study was conducted to collect data on DM, coping styles, EE, and PTSS among 571 emergency nurses from 20 hospitals in Chongqing, China. Correlation and structural equation models were used to evaluate the relationship among variables.ResultsEmergency nurses with lower dispositional mindfulness, higher emotional exhaustion and preference for negative coping revealed more PTSS. The effect (...) of NC on PTSS was partially mediated by emotional exhaustion. Negative coping and emotional exhaustion played concurrent and sequential mediating roles between dispositional mindfulness and PTSS.ConclusionThis study has made a significant contribution to existing literature. It was suggested to develop interventions aimed at enhancing mindfulness, reducing negative coping strategies, and alleviating emotional exhaustion, which may be effective at reducing or alleviating post-traumatic stress symptoms of emergency nurses. (shrink)

Objective: This study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the suicide stroop task in a Chinese college population. Methods: College students who were in the 1st–4th grade, fluent in Chinese, and without color blindness were recruited from a university in Guangzhou, China from September to December 2019. Participants were administered the suicide stroop task at baseline and 1-month follow-up. Results: The suicide stroop task showed excellent internal reliability. However, the suicide stroop task did not reveal suicide-related attentional biases among (...) current suicide ideators and was not significantly associated with the severity of suicidal ideation, depression, hopelessness, nor anhedonia, indicating a lack of concurrent validity for the task. Additionally, the two-time data of interference scores could not generate intraclass correlation coefficients due to a negative average covariance among data, which indicated poor test–retest consistency for the task. Conclusion: The results of this study did not support the use of the suicide stroop task on the identification of suicidal risk among Chinese college students. It is crucial to assess the psychometric properties of behavioral measures rigorously as self-report measures before large applications in clinical and community settings. (shrink)

ObjectiveThe psychological condition of healthcare workers since the COVID-19 pandemic has attracted the attention of many studies. However, few have reported on psychosocial problems of primary healthcare workers in the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine the mediating roles of social support and resilience in COVID-19-related work stress and symptoms of anxiety and depression.MethodsA total of 840 primary healthcare workers in 17 community health centers in Guangzhou, China, were recruited from May to July 2021. Data on demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related (...) work stress, social support, resilience, anxiety and depression were collected. A structural equation model was used for mediation analysis.ResultsMore than half of participants reported mild or more severe symptoms of anxiety and depression. Social support and resilience mediate the association between COVID-19-related work stress and symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively. Furthermore, the association between work stress and symptoms of anxiety and depression was also mediated by an accumulation of social support and resilience. The indirect effect of COVID-19-related work stress on anxiety and depression through resilience was much greater than other indirect effects.ConclusionAnxiety and depression were prevalent among primary healthcare workers. This study highlights the psychological impact of the COVID-19-related psychosocial work environment on primary healthcare workers. There is an urgent need to improve working conditions for primary healthcare workers in the COVID-19 and to implement intervention strategies aimed at increasing individual resilience alongside the establishment of external supportive work environments. (shrink)

西元前256年，周赧王被秦昭襄王所征服。由此，戰國時代最後階段的華夏世界進入三十五年的「後周魯時代」。 本書提出：在此時期周天子不在的政治權威空白時期，實為《荀子》和《呂氏春秋》兩書之出現的主要契機。以這樣歷史背景為主要契機誕生的兩書，其政治哲學的目標便應該在於構想能治理全天下人民之國家的建立──《荀子 》探求未來以禮義治理天下的君王；《呂氏春秋》則向已成為「de facto天子」的秦王，為提升至名正言順的天子，提供政策綱要和實踐細則。 作者根據較為嚴謹的「觀念史／概念史」分析，闡述《荀》、《呂》兩書在思維上、概念上、論述內容上等多層次的思想特質及其歷史角色。期盼本書在戰國秦漢時代的歷史和思想相關議題之探討能夠提供較新的切入點，並擴大 研究視野。.

Interpersonal responsibility is an indigenous Chinese personality construct, which is regarded to have positive social functions. Two studies were designed to explore the relationship among interpersonal responsibility, proposal allocation ratio, and responders’ hostile decisions in an ultimatum game. Study 1 was a scenario study using a hypothetical ultimatum game with a valid sample of 551 high school students. Study 2 was an experimental study which recruited 54 undergraduate students to play the incentivized ultimatum game online. The results of the two (...) studies showed a significantly negative correlation between interpersonal responsibility and responders’ rejection responses only when the proposal allocation ratio was 3:7. In addition, in study 2, interpersonal responsibility had negative effects on responders’ rejection responses under the offer of 3:7, even after controlling for the Big Five personality traits. Taken together, proposal allocation ratio might moderate the effects of interpersonal responsibility on hostile decision-making in the ultimatum game. The social function of interpersonal responsibility might be beyond the Big Five. Keywords: interpersonal responsibility, proposal allocation ratio, hostile decision-making, moderator, ultimatum game, Big Five personality. (shrink)

「法律系最讓人景仰的人格」「不上他的課會後悔一輩子」 開課三十年屹立不搖 人氣爆棚 學生零負評感動推薦 臺大法律系教授黃榮堅 暢談獨到的法學人生經驗 當法律淪為以口說形式取代心靈的真實感覺和冷靜的思考， 當公平正義的概念變成擴大對立的口號， 不懂得思考，別說你知道法律是什麼 全民共讀法律、建構獨立思維的必備書 法律對人在內心究竟選擇自己要做天使或做魔鬼，天生無能為力。 靈魂可能背叛法律，也可能超越法律， 在一樣的法律概念底下， 是人心中的善念或惡念決定了法律意義的質與量。 ——黃榮堅 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 今日社會裡的每個人或多或少都是一個法律人，一個好的法律人要知道人的一百種不一樣的快樂跟一百種不一樣的痛苦，這些快樂與痛苦就是法律學理上每一個原則背後的故事。 黃榮堅教授以數十年的研究經驗，敘述法律規範與自由之心的關係。書中先從法律觀點說明法律的基本作用、法律的理想與現實，以及認識法律的方法。接著跳脫法律說法，從帶著理想色彩的整體生命意會說出對法律及其現實文 化的思想與疑慮，並呈現法律在人一旦失去靈魂時可能陷入的困境。最後則提出，只有透過一顆具存在意義、能夠自由思考的人心，法律才可能呈現宜人風貌。 本書讓法律人重新認識自我的原始圖像，也讓非法律人探索規範世界的意義，除鋪陳作者幾十年來看待法律的心情轉折，亦帶有一種「遠離法律看法律」的意思。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ◎好的法學教師，讓人學會解題；優秀的法學教授，讓人渴望創造改變；頂級的法學者，讓人換一種角度看世界。黃榮堅教授，正是難得的頂級法學者之一。而這樣的法學者，願意寫一本通俗讀物，將是台灣公共討論深化的契機 。我至今記得，初學法律時，在台大舊法學院圖書部翻閱《刑罰的極限》一書序文，內心的感動與震撼。我相信本書不僅適合所有非法律人閱讀，更值得內心有所迷惘的法律人細細品味。 ——苗博雅，《阿苗帶風向》主持人 ◎本書談的是法律、法哲學等嚴肅命題，但為文如行雲流水，予人自然開朗，洗鍊通達的感覺。文中涉及較抽象的法律概念時，亦每能舉重若輕，就近取譬，不經意間穿插自己有趣的人生小體驗，或各國古今文哲著作小故事，讓 人在莞爾中豁然開朗。 ——高瑞錚，福田法律事務所負責人、福田文教基金會董事長 ◎不需要懂法律也看得懂的好書！ ——徐自強，司改會工作人員，徐自強案當事人 ◎大師出手的經典法普著作。作者以其敏銳觀察力與深邃的人文法律素養，用素樸卻富魔力的語言，配上令人或揪心或莞爾的案例，深入淺出，刺激你進行一次次的正義的思辨，認識「人生有多難，法律就有多難」的法律世界。 ——許宗力，國立臺灣大學法律系兼任教授 ◎這本書讀完之後，我一直問自己：如果我在開始當法官之前就讀過它，如果我早一點讀過它，這一條法官的路我會不會走得比較不坎坷一點？我會不會有更多的勇氣、更堅定的念頭去面對過往圈內的光怪陸離？我會不會早一點 開始進行實務圈不鼓勵的獨立思考？我能不能早一些擺脫年輕的銳氣和氣盛？會不會讓我冤枉被告的可能性低一點？ ——陳欽賢，台南地方法院法官 ◎艱深法律知識透過作者堅實學術素養轉譯為公眾可以理解的啟發性內容，是值得最高度推薦的法律知識普及性專書。 ——陳東升，台灣大學社會學系教授 ◎這本書好像是在談法律，其實是在說人生。 ——張娟芬，作家 ◎從人民的生活常識出發，帶領讀者進入法律與正義的思辨殿堂。 ——黃國昌，立法委員 出版社 商周出版 (城邦).

本书共十一章,内容包括西方法律文化总述,西方法学文化,西方司法文化,西方法院文化,西方律师文化,中国法律文化总述,中国法学文化等.

Impossible de considérer la promotion, l’essor et le développement des idées libérales en Chine au xx e siècle sans prendre en compte la figure de Hu Shi (1891-1962) et l’influence que son œuvre exerça. Pendant toute sa vie intellectuelle, Hu Shi se tint au premier rang des intellectuels chinois désireux de moderniser leur pays. Parti se former aux États-Unis très tôt, il concentra ses recherches sur les (r)évolutions littéraires et entreprit d’analyser l’histoire de la philosophie chinoise avec les méthodes scientifiques (...) occidentales. Il entendait non seulement changer les façons de parler et d’écrire dans le monde académique, mais encore les styles de pensée et de vie au sein de la population chinoise. Il devint l’un des plus prestigieux intellectuels de la Chine moderne, en s’engageant activement dans la vie politique. Il poursuivitl’idéal d’une « bonne gouvernance », même en régime de parti unique. L’invasion par le Japon interrompit ses efforts et la guerre civile le mit en difficulté, quoiqu’il ait aidé dans une certaine mesure à restaurer l’autorité d’une administration centrale indispensable à un pays en voie de développement au territoire immense et à la population énorme : les efforts à déployer pour le moderniser vite et fort sont à cette mesure. Hu Shi dut quitter la Chine continentale. Dans les dernières années de sa vie, il fut un symbole de la relation entre les États-Unis et le régime du Kuomintang à Taïwan, mais nombre de ceux qu’il avait formés et qui étaient restés en Chine continentale critiquaient sa position, au sein de la communauté académique. Or Hu Shi prit lui-même ses distances avec le Kuomintang (KMT dans cet article), en levant toujours haut la bannière du libéralisme et d’une « Chine libre ». Classification JEL : B13, B31, N25, P26. (shrink)

ObjectiveDespite its prevalence, insomnia disorder remains poorly understood. In this study, we used machine learning to analyze the functional connectivity disturbances underlying ID, and identify potential predictors of treatment response through recurrent transcranial magnetic stimulation and pharmacotherapy.Materials and methods51 adult patients with chronic insomnia and 42 healthy age and education matched controls underwent baseline anatomical T1 magnetic resonance imaging, resting-stage functional MRI, and diffusion weighted imaging. Imaging was repeated for 24 ID patients following four weeks of treatment with pharmacotherapy, with (...) or without rTMS. A recently developed machine learning technique, Hollow Tree Super was used to classify subjects into ID and control groups based on their FC, and derive network and parcel-based FC features contributing to each model. The number of FC anomalies within each network was also compared between responders and non-responders using median absolute deviation at baseline and follow-up.ResultsSubjects were classified into ID and control with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.828. Baseline FC anomaly counts were higher in responders than non-responders. Response as measured by the Insomnia Severity Index was associated with a decrease in anomaly counts across all networks, while all networks showed an increase in anomaly counts when response was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Overall, responders also showed greater change in all networks, with the Default Mode Network demonstrating the greatest change.ConclusionMachine learning analysis into the functional connectome in ID may provide useful insight into diagnostic and therapeutic targets. (shrink)

Frequent pattern mining is an effective approach for spatiotemporal association analysis of mobile trajectory big data in data-driven intelligent transportation systems. While existing parallel algorithms have been successfully applied to frequent pattern mining of large-scale trajectory data, two major challenges are how to overcome the inherent defects of Hadoop to cope with taxi trajectory big data including massive small files and how to discover the implicitly spatiotemporal frequent patterns with MapReduce. To conquer these challenges, this paper presents a MapReduce-based Parallel (...) Frequent Pattern growth algorithm to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of taxi operating using large-scale taxi trajectories with massive small file processing strategies on a Hadoop platform. More specifically, we first implement three methods, that is, Hadoop Archives, CombineFileInputFormat, and Sequence Files, to overcome the existing defects of Hadoop and then propose two strategies based on their performance evaluations. Next, we incorporate SF into Frequent Pattern growth algorithm and then implement the optimized FP-growth algorithm on a MapReduce framework. Finally, we analyze the characteristics of taxi operating in both spatial and temporal dimensions by MR-PFP in parallel. The results demonstrate that MR-PFP is superior to existing Parallel FP-growth algorithm in efficiency and scalability. (shrink)

Executive functions are of vital importance in the process of active cognition, which is thought to be associated with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. As a valid brain stimulation technology, high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation has been used to optimize cognitive function in healthy adults. Substantial evidence indicates that short-term or single anodal tDCS sessions over the left DLPFC will enhance the performance of executive functions. However, the changes in performance and cortical activation of executive functions after modulation by repeated anodal (...) HD-tDCS is as yet unexplored. This study aims to examine changes in three core components of executive functions produced by nine HD-tDCS sessions, and to use functional near-infrared spectroscopy to bilaterally record DLPFC neural activity. A total of 43 participants were divided randomly into two study groups to complete nine interventions. Our results demonstrate that the enhancement of cognitive flexibility in the anodal group was significantly better than that in the sham group. Additionally, a Stroop effect-related decrease in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in the DLPFC was observed in the anodal group but not the sham group. In conclusion, our study found that repeated anodal HD-tDCS sessions can significantly promote cognitive flexibility, one of the core components of executive function, and that alterations in DLPFC activation can enhance our understanding of the neuroplastic modifications modulated by HD-tDCS. (shrink)

This study examines the relationship among the employees–organization pro-environmental values fit, supervisors’ PEVs and employees’ pro-environmental behaviors. Informed by the PEB, organizational values and employee–organization fit literature, we propose and test hypotheses that under egoistic, altruistic and biosphere-value orientations, E–O PEVs fit versus non-fit have significant effects on employees’ private-sphere PEB and public-sphere PEB, identifying supervisors’ PEVs as a moderator. An empirical investigation indicates that the effect of E–O PEVs fit on employees’ private-sphere PEB and public-sphere PEB varies as the (...) value orientation differs. More specifically, under the context of altruistic and biosphere-value orientations, if the organizational PEVs do not match the employees’ PEVs, especially when the former exceeds the latter, employees’ PEB will rise as the organizational PEVs increase. As for egoistic value orientation, when organizational PEVs exceed employees’ PEVs, not only will public-sphere PEB stop decreasing and tend to stabilize, but also private-sphere PEB will rise to a slight degree. Furthermore, compared with altruistic and biospheric values dimensions, supervisors who promote egoistic PEVs will have a more significant effect on the relationship between global E–O PEVs fit and employees’ PEB. Finally, we suggest that the goals of an organization and its supervisors need to be combined within the actual situation of Chinese corporations to truly implement corporate green practices by balancing the profit goal and the environmental goal. (shrink)

High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation is a valid brain stimulation technology to optimize cognitive function. Recent evidence indicates that single anodal tDCS session enhances attention; however, the variation in attention produced by repeated anodal HD-tDCS over a longer period of time has not been explored. We examined the modulation of attention function in healthy young participants who received repeated HD-tDCS sustained for 4 weeks. The results showed a robust benefit of anodal HD-tDCS on executive control and psychomotor efficiency, but not (...) on orienting, alerting, or selective attention ; the benefit increased successively over 4 weeks; and the enhancement on executive control of each week was significant compared to baseline in the anodal group. In addition, the subjects’ performances on the test of executive control and psychomotor efficiency gradually restored to the initial level in the sham group, which appeared obviously from week 3, but the improvement of attention in the anodal group was persistent. We conclude that repeated anodal HD-tDCS provides a positive benefit on executive control and psychomotor efficiency and has obvious accumulative effect after 9 or more times intervention compared to sham HD-tDCS. Additionally, our findings might provide pivotal guidance for the formulation of a strategy for the use of repeated anodal HD-tDCS to modulate on attention function. (shrink)

BackgroundThe Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment are the most commonly used scales to screen for Alzheimer’s disease among Chinese patients; however, their consistency varies according to populations and languages. Equivalent conversion of MMSE-C and MoCA-BJ scores is important for meta-analysis.Materials and methodsMMSE-C and MoCA-BJ scoring were performed on the enrolled patients with AD. Consistency analysis of MMSE-C and MoCA-BJ scores of patients in the conversion groups was performed. The circle-arc (...) method was used to convert the MMSE-C scores of the conversion groups into MoCA-BJ scores, and the conversion formula was generated. The MMSE-C data of the verification group was converted to MoCA-BJ according to the formula, and the consistency analysis of the original MoCA-BJ of the verification group and the converted MoCA-BJ was performed to verify the conversion model.ResultsThe results of the consistency analysis of MMSE-C and MoCA-BJ in group A showed that the correlation coefficients of the total group, high education years subgroup, medium education years subgroup, and low education years subgroup were 0.905, 0.874, 0.949, and 0.874, respectively, with high consistency and statistical significance. After applying the circle-arc method for equivalent conversion, the consistency analysis results of the original and the converted MoCA-BJ of the patients in group B of the total group, high education years subgroup, medium education years subgroup, and low education years subgroup were 0.891, 0.894, 0.781, 0.909, respectively, with high consistency and statistical significance.ConclusionWe established and validated a model of MMSE-C and MoCA-BJ score conversion for Chinese patients with AD using the circle-arc method. This model could be useful for multi-centers clinical trials and meta-analysis. (shrink)

Since the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 has been sweeping the world on an unprecedented scale. As an important means of fighting the virus, vaccines have provoked heated discussions. Motivated by this practical concern, the present study aims at contributing to the understanding of public opinions about vaccines, which may provide implications for the government in their making and implementation of related policies. This research adopts a corpus-based approach in conjunction with a Critical Discourse Analysis. Data for this study drawn from (...) the Coronavirus corpus show what people are actually saying in online newspapers and magazines in 20 different English-speaking countries. The collocation and frequency of the word “vaccine” are arranged in concordance contextually. Overall, this study reveals that the collocation of vaccine can be divided into several categories, and people’s major concerns about COVID-19 vaccination include global progress, equality, and the latest development. (shrink)

In this work, we investigated a covert communication method in wireless networks, which is realized by multiantenna full-duplex single relay. In the first stage, the source node sends covert messages to the relay, and the relay uses a single antenna to send interference signals to the adversary node to protect the covert information being transmitted. In the second stage, the relay decodes and forwards the covert information received in the first stage; at the same time, the relay uses zero-forcing beamforming (...) to send interference signals to the warden to ensure covert transmission. The detection error rate, transmission outage probability, maximum effective covert rate, and other performance indicators are derived in two stages, and the total performance of the system is derived and analyzed. Then, the performance indicators are verified and analyzed by simulation. Our analysis shows that the maximum effective covert rate of using the characteristics of multiantenna to interfere with Willie in the second stage is taken as the total covert performance of the system, and the transmission interruption probability is significantly less than that of the first stage, so the corresponding maximum effective concealment efficiency will be greater. (shrink)

This study aimed to explore the psychological mechanisms behind the relationship between kindergarten parental satisfaction and parental loyalty. This study used the parental satisfaction scale, parental trust scale, parental relationship commitment scale, and parental loyalty scale on 923 kindergarten parents. The test was conducted on 923 kindergarten parents. The results of this study showed that parental satisfaction significantly and positively affected parental loyalty. Parental trust was partially mediated between parental satisfaction and parental loyalty. Parental relationship commitment was also partially mediated (...) between parental satisfaction and parental loyalty. Regarding to parental satisfaction and parental loyalty, parental trust and parental relationship commitment had chain mediation effect between parental satisfaction and parental loyalty. The findings of this study provided valuable insights into the effect of parental satisfaction on parental loyalty and offer concrete practical suggestions for kindergarten operators to improve the loyalty of kindergarten parents. (shrink)

During the excavation of the Tuyoq Grottoes from 2015 to 2016, a new Sogdian frament was unearthed. This paper aims to provide an edition of the Sogdian fragment and to identify it with the Chinese parallels in the Taishō Tripiṭaka.

本书收录了的文章以中国历史、哲学、文学著作中的名言为引子, 结合现实生活, 并以个人的生活经验和哲学体悟相结合的方式, 阐述作者本人的哲学观点.

本书以律师法制建设为主题,围绕律师角色定位、辩护律师权利、律师执业道德与责任这一主旨,收录了40多篇论文,包括“控辩和谐论”、“论辩护权的存在根据”、“论律师对法庭的真实义务”等文章。.

以明末清初理學文本與話語為主要研究對象， 試圖重探明清之際思想轉型的重大議題。 從儒者的生死觀、工夫論、舜的聖人形象、孝行與家禮、 夫婦之倫、人性論等主題， 分析明清之際儒學如何在歷史發展及反思中自我修正與轉化， 建構一個能兼顧個人道德修養與家庭社群人倫，能對治晚明學風之弊， 並在日用人倫中重建社會秩序的思想體系。 呂妙芬新作《成聖與家庭人倫：宗教對話脈絡下的明清之際儒學》鎖定明清之際（以十七世紀為主）的理學為主要研究範圍，試圖以更豐富而新穎的史料、新的研究議題與視角，來探討明清之際儒學的發展與轉型，也試圖回應一 些過去學者提出的看法。 呂妙芬在本書裡認為理學的信念在清代仍是支持政治與社會的價值體系，理學的議題也仍是士人關心的問題，清代理學思想與話語也不盡然因襲舊說，而有其推陳出新之處，只是這方面較未被充分探討認知。 《成聖與家庭人倫》一書也強調當時儒學是在高度宗教對話的語境中發言，調整自我義理內涵，書中亦論及儒學宗教化與庶民化的現象，及對過去啓蒙論述的反思。 本書共分三部，第一部「成聖、不朽、家庭人倫」包含三章，主要探討明清之際儒學發展的延續與變化，並標出「成聖」與「家庭人倫」為核心議題。第一章〈生死觀的新發展〉探討明清之際理學話語中，是否出現類似個體靈魂 的概念？是否有關於死後想像的論述？第二章〈儒門聖賢皆孝子〉延續了上一章的討論，主要根據的文本也相近，焦點則轉到清初儒學與晚明儒學的差異。第三章〈聖人處兄弟之變〉考察明清士人對於《孟子》記載舜、象兄弟故 事的不同詮釋，說明士人對於舜的詮釋反映了他們對儒學理想與聖人形象的思索。 第二部「血脈與道脈的雙重認同」包含兩章，內容則離開思想觀念的分析，轉而探討萬里尋親、居家拜聖賢兩種實踐行為，藉此說明家族血脈與儒學道脈在儒家士人心目中具有同等重要的地位。第四章選擇與宗族文化密切相關的 萬里尋親孝行為主題，支持此類孝行的理念正是儒家的孝道思想，以及「家」作為永恆歸屬的觀念。第五章討論明清士人在家拜聖賢的禮儀實踐。明清時期祭拜儒家聖賢之禮，除了在孔廟、鄉賢祠、學校和書院中，或在某些民間 宗教的寺廟中舉行外，它也以一種堅持儒學正統、不與其他宗教混合的方式，走入士人家庭。 第三部「宗教對話語境下的儒學論述」共有兩章，分別討論夫婦之倫、人性論兩個主題。第六章探討儒學在夫婦之道的神聖性與戒淫之間的張力，以及因發言語境之差異所形成關於夫婦之倫的不同論述面向。第七章是針對明清氣 學人性論的探討。結論部分則分別就「從晚明到清初學術思想的延續與創新」、「儒學的宗教關懷與庶民化傾向」、「再思17世紀儒學轉型在中國思想史上的意義」三方面，總結說明本書的主要論點。.

本书主要内容是试图在完全遵从经典作家本意基础上,通过深入挖掘,创新,发展唯物史观中的原理,力图找到一种对广大人民群众而言最喜闻乐见而又最能贯彻经典作家本来意图的理论诠释,同时对长期附加在马克思主义原理 上的种种似是而非的错误观念进行拨乱反正,正本清源.并在此基础上对老百姓最为关心的社会领域中的各种社会现象,社会问题加以合情合理解释.重点是运用创新发展了的唯物史观理论对中西方在各个社会领域中的价值观加 以对比分析,揭示其中的产生根源,使广大读者特别是广大青年学生正确理解中西方的种种差异,深入理解中西方文化产生的自然环境,人文背景,社会根源以及各自的优缺点,正确对待老祖宗留给我们的文化遗产,杜绝各种历 史虚无主义思潮的干扰,避免陷入种种厚西薄中的错误观念.

本书谈到现代什么思想的根源,立论于集体审美意识,是来自于人类自原始社会以来的文化和审美经验的积淀,分别从东西方审美思想在历史、时空环境、社会、人文、哲学等各方面,在心灵思想与真实生活之间,探讨有关美的 命题.

本书以中国共产党八十五年历程中所发生的重大事件为纲,以具体的思想道德建设的理论与实践为目,介绍了中国共产党思想道德建设的理论与实践历程。.

BackgroundTurnover intention, an employee’s intention to voluntarily leave their jobs, affects workforce sustainability. However, scarce data are available about turnover intention and its associated factors among psychiatrists in China, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The current research was designed to address this gap.MethodsAn anonymous, nationwide online survey was disseminated to psychiatrists in 41 psychiatric hospitals in China. We collected demographic data, job-related information, and participants’ turnover intention in the next 12 months.ResultsIn total, 3,973 psychiatrists completed the survey. The sample was (...) predominantly female and married, and nearly three-fourths had children. More than one-third had a master’s or doctoral degree in addition to their medical degree. The overall level of job satisfaction was moderate. The rate of turnover intention was 22.0% and was comparable in males and females. Psychiatrists who had participated in the frontline work of COVID-19 were more likely to report an intention to leave their current job. Multiple regression analyses suggested that turnover intention was significantly associated with having insomnia, longer working hours, and more working days per week.ConclusionDuring the pandemic period, approximately one-fifth of psychiatrists in China reported turnover intention. Factors associated with turnover intention included high job-related burdens, low job satisfaction, participation in the frontline work against COVID-19, and insomnia. To improve psychiatric workforce sustainability, policymakers and hospital administrators need to be aware of this potential challenge and address the concerns of psychiatrists in China. (shrink)

To understand how different types of cues in vaccine education messages affect attitude toward campaign messages and vaccination intention, this study examined the impact of the presence of social norm appeals and the presence of fear appeals in coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine campaign posters on perceived communication quality and vaccination intention. A 2 × 2 × 3 within-subject factorial design experiment was conducted in China. Findings demonstrated that the presence of fear appeals in COVID-19 vaccine campaign posters elicited lower levels (...) of perceived communication quality and vaccination intention than those without fear appeals. The interactive effect of fear appeals and social norm appeals was also found to be significant. Specifically, positive-framed messages with group cues and fear appeal messages with individual cues elicited higher perceived information quality and stronger vaccination intention than other types of messages. Understanding how these cues function jointly in COVID-19 vaccine campaign messages will help public health practitioners create more effective intervention strategies. (shrink)