This article examines the configuration of domestic service within local milieus under globalization. Using Taiwan as a case study, the author argues that the state continues to have an impact even in this age of global interdependence. The management of foreign domestics within employers’ households is not only important for labor control but also central to the state’s administration over alien subjects. The case of Taiwan calls attention to the necessity of bringing the state back into the analysis of gender (...) and carework. (shrink)

The construction of foreign domestics as ‘Others’ has been a critical process to the globalization of domestic service. While the globalization of domestic service has been associated with a transnational female labour force, the transnational labour system has always been reconstituted as a new labour regime consistent with local particularity. In this article, I examine how Taiwanese employers discursively construct the otherness of their Filipino domestics. I argue that Taiwanese employers construct and naturalize the otherness of foreign domestics utilizing national (...) identities, racial characteristics, and nationally based class difference. These differences, integral to the racialization of foreign domestics, are central not only to the persistence of their servitude at home but also to their social and political marginalization in the host society as a whole. The localization of a transnational labour force necessitates the examination of the contextual politics of difference. Rather than speaking of the universalized experience of foreign domestics, the contextual politics of difference provides a comparative framework for understanding not only the relational but also the contextual nature of identity construction. It demonstrates how difference is localized in the transnational system of care and how the localization of difference serves to reproduce social and global inequality. (shrink)

Medical argumentation in non-Western societies has attracted little attention. In line with the pragma-dialectical approach to the study of argumentation, this article identifies a prototypical argumentative pattern in Chinese medical consultations. In addition to institutional preconditions, whose relevance to the argumentative pattern has been well cited, a factor that may be equally important has remained unnoticed: the preference for certain drugs, treatments or therapeutic measurements on the basis of folk interpretations of medical phenomena in individual ethnic groups. These preferences may (...) be seen as cultural preferences in the medical domain. In this paper, a prototypical argumentative pattern of Chinese medical consultations is provided. Two levels of the pattern are distinguished and discussed: a basic argumentative pattern as presented in the pragmatic-dialectical approach and its extensions due to cultural preferences as well as institutional constraints. Illustrated by an exemplary analysis on the basis of empirical data collected from Chinese consulting rooms, the impact of cultural preferences on physicians’ strategic maneuvering in argumentation is identified and recognized. It is argued that the existence and impact of cultural preferences require attention in medical argumentation. (shrink)

ObjectivePrevious studies have demonstrated altered brain activity in strabismic amblyopia. In this study, low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied in children with strabismic amblyopia after they had undergone strabismus surgery. The effect of rTMS was investigated by measuring the changes of brain features using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation.Materials and MethodsIn this study, 21 SA patients were recruited based on their age, weight, and sex. They all had SA in their left eyes and they received rTMS treatment one month (...) after strabismus surgery. Their vision before and after surgery were categorized as pre-rTMS and post-rTMS. All participants received rTMS treatment, underwent magnetic resonance imaging, and their data were analyzed using the repeated measures t-test. The team used correlation analysis to explore the relationship between logMAR visual acuity and ALFF.ResultsPre- versus post-rTMS values of ALFF were significantly different within individuals. In the POT group, ALFF values were significantly decreased in the Angular_R, Parietal_Inf_L, and Cingulum_Mid_R while ALFF values were significantly increased in the Fusiform_R and Frontal_Inf_Orb_L compared to the PRT stage.ConclusionOur data showed that ALFF recorded from some brain regions was changed significantly after rTMS in strabismic amblyopes. The results may infer the pathological basis of SA and demonstrate that visual function may be improved using rTMS in strabismic amblyopic patients. (shrink)

More and more studies showed that strabismus is not simply an ocular disease, but a neuro-ophthalmology disease. To analyze potential changes in brain activity and their relationship to behavioral performance in comitant strabismus patients and healthy controls. Our study recruited 28 patients with comitant strabismus and 28 people with matched weight, age range, and sex ratio as healthy controls. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, we evaluated fALFF to compare spontaneous brain activity between comitant strabismus and healthy controls. We did (...) hospital anxiety and depression scale questionnaires for these patients. We found significantly lower fALFF value in comitant strabismus patients compared with controls in the left frontal superior medial gyrus and the right middle cingulum. In the latter region, fALFF was significantly negatively correlated with the hospital anxiety and depression scale, as well as the duration of disease. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the fALFF method has clear potential for the diagnosis of comitant strabismus patients. These results revealed abnormal spontaneous activity in two brain regions of comitant strabismus patients, which may indicate underlying pathologic mechanisms and may help to advance clinical treatment. (shrink)

In recent years, the method of the complex network has been applied to various fields. Dynamics research in complex networks is also an important branch. There are many types of research into dynamic complex network, but few scholars use bibliometrics to study it. Therefore, this paper adopts the method of bibliometrics to analyze the development history and status quo of dynamic complex network, providing a summary description of this research field. We used CiteSpace and Pajek to analyze 2936 relevant papers (...) on the website of Web of Science and further interpreted and summarized the analysis results. To fully show the bibliometric results, we further derive the productive countries, institutions, sources, and authors and some main research directions in the dynamic complex network research. The research results show that the dynamic complex network research method was applied to various fields after the dynamic research method had been integrated into the complex network. According to the subject analysis of the cited papers, we find that the dynamic complex network method has been widely used in various subjects. Through emergent analysis, we found that the latest hot research trends are the study of infectious diseases and applications in neural networks. At the same time, through the main path analysis, we find the essential literature to elaborate on the development context of a dynamic complex network at different time points. This paper gives a comprehensive analysis of dynamic complex network research and provides some enlightenment for the future research direction. (shrink)

経済システムの歴史的進化経路は宗教に依存する(から独立ではない)。日本人の叡智が生んだ日本経済システムの特徴はどのような社会的文化的な条件のもとに成立したのか。マックス・ウェーバーを拡張したモデルによ り宗教の変化とその経済行動へのインパクトを分析する。.

Ben shu de zhu yao nei rong shi chan shu zhe xue de te shu de li lun xing zhi he du te de huo dong fang shi,Bing tong guo ju ti lun zheng zhe xue dui gou cheng si xiang de ji ben xin nian,Ji ben luo ji,Ji ben fang shi,Ji ben guan nian,Zhe xue li nian de qian ti pi pan,Zhan xian zhe xue fa zhan de zi wo pi pan de huo li he yong bu ku jie (...) de li lun kong jian. (shrink)

本书共由五部分组成。第一部分是对当前现实中道德疼痛与尴尬问题的剖析与审视;第二部分是对伦理学领域中历史与现实的理论难点问题的思考和分析;第三部分是对未来中国道德前景的思考与瞻望;第四部分是谈话录;第五 部分是对一些经典著作和友人作品的评论。.

本书系“三联评论”之一。本书系作者在长期学术实践中对作为学术工具的理论方法进行积极探索的理论结晶。作者认为,作为观念领域的“先验批判”是20世纪中国学术批评的逻辑基础,是一切真正的学术创新成为可能的前 提条件,对先验批判、理论创新和学术转型三者间的关系进行了批判考察,从而为中国学术的当代转型提供了十分重要的理论资源和方法论指导。本书结构严谨,条理清晰,论证有力,问题集中,是一本颇有创见的书。.