Described by Jeffrey Masson as 'the single best introduction to animal rights ever written,' this new book by Tom Regan dispels the negative image of animal rights advocates perpetrated by the mass media, unmasks the fraudulent rhetoric of 'humane treatment' favored by animal exploiters, and explains why existing laws function to legitimize institutional cruelty.

It is common to hear talk of the aim of belief and to find philosophers appealing to that aim for numerous explanatory purposes. What belief 's aim explains depends, of course, on what that aim is. Many hold that it is somehow related to truth, but there are various ways in which one might specify belief 's aim using the notion of truth. In this article, by considering whether they can account for belief 's standard of correctness and the epistemic (...) norms governing belief, I argue against certain prominent specifications of belief 's aim given in terms of truth, and advance a neglected alternative. (shrink)

Les trois revues étudiées sont marquées par la tutelle d'institutions d'État qui explique certainement leur pérennité et la lenteur de leurs évolutions. Le Journal de /'École polytechnique est de type académique, les deux Annales sont à la fois scientifiques, techniques et administratives. Elles sont le lien entre l'administration et ses agents. Elles constituent des corpus importants de textes scientifiques, techniques et administratifs, d'où la nécessité de développer des systèmes efficaces d'accès aux divers articles.

Comme suite à de précédentes recherches sur des inscriptions Cretoises (BCH 1979 et 1983) on donne d'abord ici (VI) une nouvelle étude de l'inscription de Knossos dite des Epilykoi, publiée en 1948 par N. Platon (vocabulaire et anthroponymie). Ensuite examen des noms crétois de la série Taskos (VII) ; du nom Pratalidas à Lykastos (VIII) et du nom de Matala, canéphore d'Arsinoé à Alexandrie (IX).

XV, Les rois de Paphos avant et après le siège de 498 : l'Étewandros connu par les bracelets du « trésor de Curium » peut être le roi Ituandar de la liste assyrienne de 672. Pillage de Paphos en 498. Contrairement à ce qu'on avait pu croire, l'onomastique des rois postérieurs au siège reste grecque. XVI, Notes sur le « trésor de Curium » : les récits de la fouille de la nécropole de Courion, dans la correspondance de Cesnola, montrent (...) comment a été forgé, peu à peu, le mythe du « trésor de Curium ». XVII, Quelques inscriptions difficiles de Kouklia-Paphos et un trait de la phonétique paphienne : l'étude de certains noms montre comment, en dialecte paphien, le xi peut se simplifier en sigma. (shrink)

The _Physics_ is a foundational work of western philosophy, and the crucial one for understanding Aristotle's views on matter, form, essence, causation, movement, space, and time. This richly annotated, scrupulously accurate, and consistent translation makes it available to a contemporary English reader as no other does—in part because it fits together seamlessly with other closely associated works in the New Hackett Aristotle series, such as the _Metaphysics_, _De Anima_, and forthcoming _De Caelo_ and _On Coming to Be and Passing Away_. (...) Eventually the series will include all of Aristotle's works. Sequentially numbered endnotes provide the information most needed at each juncture, while a detailed Index of Terms indicates places where focused discussion of key notions occurs. An illuminating general Introduction describes the book that lies ahead, explaining what sort of work it is and what sorts of evidence it relies on. (shrink)

Geared to preparing students to make the transition from solving problems to proving theorems, this text teachs them the techniques needed to read and write proofs. The book begins with the basic concepts of logic and set theory, to familiarize students with the language of mathematics and how it is interpreted. These concepts are used as the basis for a step-by-step breakdown of the most important techniques used in constructing proofs. To help students construct their own proofs, this new edition (...) contains over 200 new exercises, selected solutions, and an introduction to Proof Designer software. No background beyond standard high school mathematics is assumed. Previous Edition Hb (1994) 0-521-44116-1 Previous Edition Pb (1994) 0-521-44663-5. (shrink)

Information about the structure, function and regulation of the maize Suppressormutator (Spm) transposable element has emerged from the genetic and molecular characterization of both deletion mutations and an unconventional type of reversible genetic change (epimutation). The element is subject to an epigenetic mechanism that can either stably inactivate it or specify one of a variety of heritable programs of differential element expression in development. The essay explores the relationship between the Spm element's epigenetic developmental programming mechanism and the determinative events (...) central to plant development and differentiation. (shrink)

La plupart des philosophes de l’Antiquité pensent que les rêves ont des capacités prophétiques. Les seuls philosophes à s’écarter de cette tradition sont les épicuriens. Ils démystifient le phénomène du rêve en l’expliquant dans les termes de leur théorie physique matérialiste. Ils soulignent le lien entre le contenu du rêve et les activités diurnes, entre ce même contenu et la qualité d’âme du rêveur. Parce que l’identité de chacun persiste lorsqu’il rêve, les épicuriens attribuent à l’activité onirique une signification psychologique (...) et morale considérable : quoique non véridique, le rêve n’en reste pas moins révélateur. Il est l’expression des recoins intimes de la personnalité du dormeur. (shrink)

ABSTRACT This paper aims to illustrate the contribution of Acquisition Linguistics combined with the dialogic view driven by Bakhtin’s ideas, in order to describe morpho-syntactic acquisitions. According to the first approach, interaction is the main driver of syntactic acquisition processes, especially adults’ adjustments to the morpho-syntactic attempts of children and children’s repetitions of adults’ speech. In parallel, a dialogic approach to language acquisition focuses on how the two speakers’ co-construction of discourse leads children to use and acquire the linguistic ability (...) to share and construct meaning in discourse. We analyse conversations between adults and children aged between 2 and 4 years old, with typical and atypical developments. Our results show how inter-discursive facts in dialogue and repetition in interaction are major contributors of language acquisition processes. (shrink)

La partie supérieure d'une grande amphore Bichrome découverte en 1987 dans le sanctuaire d'Aphrodite à Amathonte est décorée sur une face de deux taureaux respirant une fleur qui encadrent une inscription syllabique, sur l'autre d'un taureau marchant vers un «arbre de vie» et un arbre. Ce décor exceptionnel s'inspire étroitement des ivoires du type de Nimroud et des coupes en argent chypro-phéniciennes, ce qui situe probablement le vase dans.

Ό Σπ. Μαρινᾶτος διηύθυνε στήν δεκαετία τοῦ 1930 ἀνασκαφές στήν περιοχή τῆς Ἀμνισού, βορειο-ἀνατολικά ἀπό τό Ἡράκλειο : ἀποκάλυψε τό σπήλαιο τῆς Εἰλειθυίας, τή μινωική ἔπαυλη μέ τίς τοιχογραφίες τῶν κρίνων καί ἕνα ἱερό τοῦ Δία Θενάτα. Οἱ ἑργασίες αὐτές εἶναι γνωστές μόνο ἀπό τίς προκαταρκτικές ἐκθέσεις. Στό ἄρθρο τῶν Δαβάρα καί Masson, ἡ τοποθεσία ἐξετάζεται καί πάλι, στίς λεπτομέρειες της, συμφωνά μέ σημερινές πληροφορίες (Ι. Ἡ τοποθεσία, Κ. Δαβάρας). Κατόπιν (II. Οι ἐπιγραφές, Ο. Masson), σχολιάζονται δεκατρεῖς ἐπιγραφές (...) πού ἀνακάλυψε ὁ Μαρινάτος μέσα στό ἱερό τοῦ Δία Θενάτα : μέχρι τώρα ἦταν σχεδόν ἄγνωστες, ἀκόμη καί ἀδημοσίευτες. Οἱ περισσότερες εἶναι ἀναθηματικές τῶν « κόσμων » τῆς Κνωσοῦ καί χρονολογοῦνται μεταξύ τοῦ 150 καί τοῦ 50 π.Χ. Δύο σύντομα παραρτήματα ἀφοροῦν λιγώτερο γνωστές ἐπιγραφές τῆς Κνωσοῦ καί μιά επιτύμβια ἐπιγραφή τῆς Χαλκίδας γιά μιά γυναίκα τῆς Κρήτης. (shrink)

Meiotic recombination in eukaryotic cells requires two homologs of E. coli RecA protein, Rad51 and Dmc1. Until recently, the role of Dmc1 in meiotic recombination was mostly attributed to genetic studies as purified Dmc1 was found to be a much weaker recombinase than Rad51 in the test tube. Now, Sehorn and colleagues1 have reported that, like Rad51, human Dmc1 is an efficient recombinase in vitro. Dmc1 forms helical nucleoprotein filaments—the signature of classical recombinases such as Rad51. These observations reveal a (...) high level of similitude between the Dmc1 and the Rad51 family of recombination enzymes in higher eukaryotes. BioEssays 26:1151–1155, 2004. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (shrink)

In _Buddhists, Brahmins, and Belief_, Dan Arnold examines how the Brahmanical tradition of Purva Mimamsa and the writings of the seventh-century Buddhist Madhyamika philosopher Candrakirti challenged dominant Indian Buddhist views of epistemology. Arnold retrieves these two very different but equally important voices of philosophical dissent, showing them to have developed highly sophisticated and cogent critiques of influential Buddhist epistemologists such as Dignaga and Dharmakirti. His analysis--developed in conversation with modern Western philosophers like William Alston and J. L. Austin--offers an innovative (...) reinterpretation of the Indian philosophical tradition, while suggesting that pre-modern Indian thinkers have much to contribute to contemporary philosophical debates. In logically distinct ways, Purva Mimamsa and Candrakirti's Madhyamaka opposed the influential Buddhist school of thought that emphasized the foundational character of perception. Arnold argues that Mimamsaka arguments concerning the "intrinsic validity" of the earliest Vedic scriptures are best understood as a critique of the tradition of Buddhist philosophy stemming from Dignaga. Though often dismissed as antithetical to "real philosophy," Mimamsaka thought has affinities with the reformed epistemology that has recently influenced contemporary philosophy of religion. Candrakirti's arguments, in contrast, amount to a principled refusal of epistemology. Arnold contends that Candrakirti marshals against Buddhist foundationalism an approach that resembles twentieth-century ordinary language philosophy--and does so by employing what are finally best understood as transcendental arguments. The conclusion that Candrakirti's arguments thus support a metaphysical claim represents a bold new understanding of Madhyamaka. (shrink)