Results for 'tabery'

43 found
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  1. Difference mechanisms: Explaining variation with mechanisms.James Tabery - 2009 - Biology and Philosophy 24 (5):645-664.
    Philosophers of science have developed an account of causal-mechanical explanation that captures regularity, but this account neglects variation. In this article I amend the philosophy of mechanisms to capture variation. The task is to explicate the relationship between regular causal mechanisms responsible for individual development and causes of variation responsible for variation in populations. As it turns out, disputes over this relationship have rested at the heart of the nature–nurture debate. Thus, an explication of the relationship between regular causal mechanisms (...)
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  2. Synthesizing activities and interactions in the concept of a mechanism.James G. Tabery - 2004 - Philosophy of Science 71 (1):1-15.
    Stuart Glennan, and the team of Peter Machamer, Lindley Darden, and Carl Craver have recently provided two accounts of the concept of a mechanism. The main difference between these two versions rests on how the behavior of the parts of the mechanism is conceptualized. Glennan considers mechanisms to be an interaction of parts, where the interaction between parts can be characterized by direct, invariant, change-relating generalizations. Machamer, Darden, and Craver criticize traditional conceptualizations of mechanisms which are based solely on parts (...)
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  3.  96
    From a Genetic Predisposition to an Interactive Predisposition: Rethinking the Ethical Implications of Screening for Gene-Environment Interactions.James Tabery - 2009 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 34 (1):27-48.
    In a widely acclaimed study from 2002, researchers found a case of gene-environment interaction for a gene controlling neuroenzymatic activity (low vs. high), exposure to childhood maltreatment, and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Cases of gene-environment interaction are generally characterized as evincing a genetic predisposition; for example, individuals with low neuroenzymatic activity are generally characterized as having a genetic predisposition to ASPD. I first argue that the concept of a genetic predisposition fundamentally misconstrues these cases of gene-environment interaction. This misconstrual will (...)
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  4.  89
    Interactive predispositions.James Tabery - 2009 - Philosophy of Science 76 (5):876-888.
    Many cases of gene‐environment interaction, or , are misconstrued as evincing a genetic predisposition. I diagnose this misconstrual and then introduce a new concept— interactive predisposition —to correct for the mistake. I conclude by examining how recent debates over screening for individual predispositions are related to older debates about group differences between populations , drawing on the lessons of the latter to inform the former. †To contact the author, please write to: Department of Philosophy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, (...)
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  5. R. A. Fisher, Lancelot Hogben, and the Origin of Genotype–Environment Interaction.James Tabery - 2008 - Journal of the History of Biology 41 (4):717-761.
    This essay examines the origin of genotype-environment interaction, or G×E. "Origin" and not "the origin" because the thesis is that there were actually two distinct concepts of G×E at this beginning: a biometric concept, or \[G \times E_B\], and a developmental concept, or \[G \times E_D \]. R. A. Fisher, one of the founders of population genetics and the creator of the statistical analysis of variance, introduced the biometric concept as he attempted to resolve one of the main problems in (...)
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  6.  38
    Variability of Aggression.Stephen M. Downes & James Tabery - 2021 - In T. Shackleford & V. Weekes-Shackleford (eds.), Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science. Dordrecht, Netherlands:
    Variability of aggression: human aggressive behavior varies on a number of dimensions. We argue that this variability is best understood through an interdisciplinary evolutionary approach.
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  7.  74
    Pluralism, social action and the causal space of human behavior: Helen Longino: Studying human behavior: How scientists investigate aggression and sexuality. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2013, 256pp, $25 PB.James Tabery, Alex Preda & Helen Longino - 2014 - Metascience 23 (3):443-459.
    James Tabery Helen Longino’s Studying Human Behavior is an overdue effort at a nonpartisan evaluation of the many scientific disciplines that study the nature and nurture of human behavior, arguing for the acceptance of the strengths and weaknesses of all approaches. After years of conflict, Longino makes the pluralist case for peaceful coexistence. Her analysis of the approaches raises the following question: how are we to understand the pluralistic relationship among the peacefully coexisting approaches? Longino is ironically rather unpluralistic (...)
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  8.  39
    Why Is Studying the Genetics of Intelligence So Controversial?James Tabery - 2015 - Hastings Center Report 45 (S1):9-14.
    From the very beginning, studies of the nature and nurture of intelligence have been closely associated with an interest in intervening, and those interventions have been surrounded by controversy. The nature of those controversies has not always been the same, however. Since the mid‐nineteenth century, when Francis Galton imagined a science that would assess the extent to which a trait like “genius” was due to nature or due to nurture, science and technology have changed dramatically, and so have the interventions (...)
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  9.  35
    Fueling the (in)famous fire.James Tabery - 2006 - Metascience 15 (3):607-611.
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  10.  37
    Biometric and developmental Gene-environment interaction: Looking back, moving forward.James Tabery - unknown
    I provide a history of research on G×E in this article, showing that there have actually been two distinct concepts of G×E since the very origins of this research. R. A. Fisher introduced what I call the biometric concept of G×E, or G×EB, while Lancelot Hogben introduced what I call the developmental concept of G×E, or G×ED. Much of the subsequent history of research on G×E has largely consisted in the separate legacies of these separate concepts, along with the (sometimes (...)
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  11.  71
    Mechanisms and the metaphysics of causation.Lucas J. Matthews & James Tabery - 2017 - In Stuart Glennan & Phyllis McKay Illari (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Mechanisms and Mechanical Philosophy. Routledge.
  12.  34
    Kenneth F. Schaffner. Behaving: What’s Genetic, What’s Not, and Why Should We Care?James Tabery - 2018 - Philosophy of Science 85 (2):321-324.
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  13.  76
    The "Evolutionary Synthesis" of George Udny Yule.James G. Tabery - 2003 - Journal of the History of Biology 37 (1):73-101.
    This article discusses the work of George Udny Yule in relation to the evolutionary synthesis and the biometric-Mendelian debate. It has generally been claimed that (i.) in 1902, Yule put forth the first account showing that the competing biometric and Mendelian programs could be synthesized. Furthermore, (ii.) the scientific figures who should have been most interested in this thesis (the biometricians W. F. Raphael Weldon and Karl Pearson, and the Mendelian William Bateson) were too blinded by personal animosity towards each (...)
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  14. Historical and Philosophical Perspectives on Behavioral Genetics and Developmental Science.James G. Tabery & Paul E. Griffiths - 2010 - In Kathryn Hood, Halpern E., Greenberg Carolyn Tucker, Lerner Gary & M. Richard (eds.), Handbook of Developmental Science, Behavior and Genetics. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 41--60.
     
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  15. Developmental Systems Theory: What Does it Explain, and How Does It Explain It?Paul E. Griffiths & James G. Tabery - 2013 - In Richard M. Lerner & Janette B. Benson (eds.), Embodiment and Epigenesis: Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Understanding the Role of Biology Within the Relational Developmental System Part A: Philosophical, Theoretical, and Biological Dimensions. Elsevier. pp. 65--94.
     
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  16.  58
    Behavioral genetics and development: Historical and conceptual causes of controversy.Paul Griffiths & James Tabery - 2008 - New Ideas in Psychology 26 (3):332-352.
    Traditional, quantitative behavioral geneticists and developmental psychobiologists such as Gilbert Gottlieb have long debated what it would take to create a truly developmental behavioral genetics. These disputes have proven so intractable that disputants have repeatedly suggested that the problem rests on their opponents' conceptual confusion; whilst others have argued that the intractability results from the non-scientific, political motivations of their opponents. The authors provide a different explanation of the intractability of these debates. They show that the disputants have competing interpretations (...)
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  17.  7
    “Precision Medicine” Is Genomic Medicine.James Tabery - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (3):91-93.
    Galasso (2024) helpfully puts her finger on what is perhaps the most troubling feature of precision medicine research today: Champions of the science are targeting communities of color and other ma...
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  18.  91
    The ethics of triage in the event of an influenza pandemic.James Tabery & Charles Mackett - unknown
    The prospect of a severe influenza pandemic poses a daunting public health threat to hospitals and the public they serve. The event of a severe influenza pandemic will put hospitals under extreme stress; only so many beds, ventilators, nurses, and physicians will be available, and so it is likely that more patients will require medical attention than can be completely treated. Triage is the process of sorting patients in a time of crisis to determine who receives what level of medical (...)
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  19.  48
    Session 1: Eugenics narrative and reproductive engineering.Paul Diane, James Lennox & Jim Tabery - unknown
    Proceedings of the Pittsburgh Workshop in History and Philosophy of Biology, Center for Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh, March 23-24 2001 Session 1: Eugenics Narrative and Reproductive Engineering.
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  20.  38
    Difference mechanisms.James Tabery - unknown
    In recent years, philosophers of science have found a renewed interest in mechanisms. The motivation is the thought that the elucidation of a mechanism generates a causal explanation for the phenomenon under investigation. For example, a question such as, How do rats form spatial memories of their environments?, is answered by elucidating the regular causal mechanisms responsible for the individual development of spatial memory in rats. But consider a slightly different question: How do some rats come to have better spatial (...)
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  21.  21
    Looking back on Lancelot's laughter: The Lancelot Thomas Hogben papers.James Tabery - unknown
    An overview of the Lancelot Thomas Hogben Papers at the University of Birmingham.
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  22.  25
    Pearson, the Person.James Tabery - 2007 - Metascience 16 (1):143-146.
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  23.  22
    Selbstkultivierung und Weltgestaltung: die praxiologische Philosophie des Yan Yuan (1635-1704).Thomas Tabery - 2009 - Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
    In China fand seit dem 17. Jahrhundert abseits des konfuzianischen Mainstreams eine verstarkte Hinwendung zur konkreten Wirklichkeit und eine Dekonstruktion der dominierenden konfuzianischen Denksysteme auf verschiedene Weise Ausdruck. Das Denken des Qing-zeitlichen Konfuzianers Yan Yuan ist exemplarisch fur diesen geistigen Neuorientierungsprozess.Im Mittelpunkt seiner Philosophie steht ein Modell individueller und gesamtgesellschaftlicher Kultivierung, das sich durch Korperzentriertheit und Praxisorientiertheit auszeichnet und gegen die Leibfeindlichkeit und metaphysische Abgehobenheit Song- und Ming-zeitlichen Philosophierens gerichtet ist. Der Autor bezieht in dieser Studie Yan Yuans anthropologische, kosmologische, (...)
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  24. Making sense of the nature–nurture debate. [REVIEW]James Tabery - 2009 - Biology and Philosophy 24 (5):711-723.
  25.  27
    Teneille Brown, Leslie Francis, and James Tabery respond.Teneille Brown, Leslie Francis & James Tabery - 2021 - Hastings Center Report 51 (2):43-43.
    This is a response to the letter to the editor “Prioritizing the Prevention of Early Deaths during Covid‐19,” by Govind Persad.
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  26.  33
    Wrestling with Social and Behavioral Genomics: Risks, Potential Benefits, and Ethical Responsibility.Michelle N. Meyer, Paul S. Appelbaum, Daniel J. Benjamin, Shawneequa L. Callier, Nathaniel Comfort, Dalton Conley, Jeremy Freese, Nanibaa' A. Garrison, Evelynn M. Hammonds, K. Paige Harden, Sandra Soo-Jin Lee, Alicia R. Martin, Daphne Oluwaseun Martschenko, Benjamin M. Neale, Rohan H. C. Palmer, James Tabery, Eric Turkheimer, Patrick Turley & Erik Parens - 2023 - Hastings Center Report 53 (S1):2-49.
    In this consensus report by a diverse group of academics who conduct and/or are concerned about social and behavioral genomics (SBG) research, the authors recount the often‐ugly history of scientific attempts to understand the genetic contributions to human behaviors and social outcomes. They then describe what the current science—including genomewide association studies and polygenic indexes—can and cannot tell us, as well as its risks and potential benefits. They conclude with a discussion of responsible behavior in the context of SBG research. (...)
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  27.  20
    When Is Age Choosing Ageist Discrimination?Teneille R. Brown, Leslie P. Francis & James Tabery - 2020 - Hastings Center Report 51 (1):13-15.
    When the Covid‐19 pandemic reached the United States in spring 2020, many states and hospitals announced crisis standards of care plans that used age as a categorical exclusion criterion. Such age choosing was quickly flagged as discriminatory, and so some states and hospitals shifted to embedding age as a tiebreaker deeper in their plans. Different rationales were given for using age as a tiebreaker: that younger patients were more likely to survive than older patients, that saving younger patients would save (...)
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  28.  21
    Embedding the Problems Doesn’t Make Them Go Away.Teneille R. Brown, Leslie P. Francis & James Tabery - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (7):109-111.
    Volume 20, Issue 7, July 2020, Page 109-111.
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  29.  12
    Çağatayca Taberî Tarihi.Sadi Gedi̇k - 2015 - Journal of Turkish Studies 10 (Volume 10 Issue 12):387-387.
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  30.  8
    James Tabery: Beyond versus: the struggle to understand the interaction of nature and nurture: MIT Press, 2014, 293 pp, $45 , ISBN: 978-0-262-02737-3.Leonardo Nepi - 2018 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 39 (4):341-342.
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  31.  10
    James Tabery. Beyond Versus: The Struggle to Understand the Interaction of Nature and Nurture. xiii + 279 pp., figs., tables, bibl., index. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2014. $40. [REVIEW]Nadine Weidman - 2015 - Isis 106 (4):903-904.
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  32.  25
    Cedeli̇N Fikih İLmi̇Nde Kullanimi: Kudûrî Ve Ebu’T-Tayyi̇B Et-Taberî Arasindaki̇ Bi̇R Mün'zara Bağlaminda.Ahmet Numan Ünver - 2019 - Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 21 (39):67-91.
    Erken dönemlerden itibaren fıkhî meseleler üzerindeki tartışmalar, bir yönteme bağlı kalınarak icra edilmiştir. Tartışmalarda belirli soru ve cevap türlerine başvurulmuş, soruların tertibine özen gösterilmiştir. Bu sayede taraflar kendi görüşlerinin doğruluğunu, karşıt görüşün yanlışlığını çelişkiye düşmeden ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak cedelden ve cedelin fıkha tatbikinden bahsedilmiş, sonrasında münâzaracı kimlikleriyle meşhur olan Hanefî fakihi Kudûrî ile Şâfiî fakihi Ebu’t-Tayyib et-Taberî arasında geçtiği rivayet edilen talâka dair bir münâzara inceleme konusu edilmiştir. Bu münâzarada, muhâlea ile boşanılan kadına, kadının iddeti esnasında (...)
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  33.  15
    The Asymmetrical Bridge: Book Review of James Tabery’s Beyond Versus: The Struggle to Understand the Interaction of Nature and Nurture.David S. Moore - 2015 - Acta Biotheoretica 63 (4):413-427.
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  34.  27
    Review of James Tabery, Beyond Versus: The Struggle to Understand the Interaction of Nature and Nurture1. [REVIEW]Kathryn Tabb - 2015 - American Journal of Bioethics 15 (9):8-9.
  35.  19
    Khabarī Attributes in Tabarī's Works.Muhammed Yuşa YAŞAR - 2019 - Tasavvur - Tekirdag Theology Journal 5 (2):655-683.
    İslami ilimlerin hemen hemen hepsinde eserler veren Taberî çok yönlü bir alim özelliğini haizdir. Kelâm konularında özellikle tefsiri ve akaid risalelerinde konu hakkındaki bütün bilgi ve rivayetleri verdikten sonra varsa kendi görüşünü de aktarmak suretiyle kelam alanında söz sahibi olduğunu hissettirmektedir. Bunu yaparken Kur’an ve Sünnetten gelen haberlerin olduğu gibi kabul edilmesini savunurken, buna uygun olarak selefe ittiba vurgusunu oldukça sık yapmaktadır. Kelam ilminin özellikle uluhiyyet konuları Allah hakkında konuşma temasını içermesinden dolayı dikkat edilmesi gereken bir alandır. Allah’ın zatı ve (...)
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  36. Mechanisms and Laws: Clarifying the Debate.Marie I. Kaiser & C. F. Craver - 2013 - In H.-K. Chao, S.-T. Chen & R. Millstein (eds.), Mechanism and Causality in Biology and Economics. Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 125-145.
    Leuridan (2011) questions whether mechanisms can really replace laws at the heart of our thinking about science. In doing so, he enters a long-standing discussion about the relationship between the mech-anistic structures evident in the theories of contemporary biology and the laws of nature privileged especially in traditional empiricist traditions of the philosophy of science (see e.g. Wimsatt 1974; Bechtel and Abrahamsen 2005; Bogen 2005; Darden 2006; Glennan 1996; MDC 2000; Schaffner 1993; Tabery 2003; Weber 2005). In our view, (...)
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  37.  97
    Mechanisms and their explanatory challenges in organic chemistry.Jeffry L. Ramsey - 2008 - Philosophy of Science 75 (5):970-982.
    Chemists take mechanisms to be an important way of explaining chemical change. I examine the usefulness of the mechanism approach in the recent philosophical literature in explicating the explanatory use of mechanisms by organic chemists. I argue that chemists consider a mechanism to be explanatory because it accounts for the “dynamic process of bringing about” (Tabery 2004 , 10) chemical change. For chemists, mechanisms are causal explanations based on interventions that show “how some possibilities depend on others” (Woodward 2003 (...)
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  38.  27
    “Enfant Terrible”: Lancelot Hogben’s Life and Work in the 1920s.Steindór J. Erlingsson - 2016 - Journal of the History of Biology 49 (3):495-526.
    Until recently the British zoologist Lancelot Hogben has usually appeared as a campaigning socialist, an anti-eugenicist or a popularizer of science in the literature. The focus has mainly been on Hogben after he became a professor of social biology at the London School of Economics in 1930. This paper focuses on Hogben’s life in the 1920s. Early in the decade, while based in London, he focused on cytology, but in 1922, after moving to Edinburgh, he turned his focus on experimental (...)
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  39.  11
    İnsan Ontolojisi Bakımından Necislik: Tevbe 9/28 Örneği.Rabiye ÇETİN - 2021 - Kader 19 (1):1-28.
    Bu makalede, müşriklerle sosyal ilişkinin mahiyetine dair Müslüman düşünce geleneğinde ortaya konulan literatür genel hatlarıyla ele alınmaktadır. Söz konusu literatür, “müşrikler bu yıldan sonra Mescid-i Harâm’a yaklaşmasınlar” (Tevbe 9/28) ayeti temelinde şekillenmiştir. Bu bağlamda âlimler şirkin mahiyeti, Mescid-i Harâm bölgesinin sınırları ile bu bölgeye yaklaşmamayı ifade eden fiilin içeriği ve özellikle de ayetteki uyarının Hac ibadeti ile sınırlı/kayıtlı olup olmadığı gibi hususları tartışma konusu yapmışlardır. Bu ayet çerçevesinde ortaya konulan literatürde iki görüşün ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir. Bunlardan ilki, Mescid-i Harâm (...)
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  40.  21
    İslam Bilim Tarihi’nde İlk Tercüme Faaliyetleri ve Bilgi Üretimine Katkısı.Mustafa Bariş - 2018 - Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi 22 (1):705-730.
    Ekonomik ilişkiler ve fetihler sonucu çok geniş bir coğrafyaya yayılan ve bunun bir sonucu olarak da birçok farklı kültürle karşılaşan Müslümanlar, özellikle Bizans (Helen/Yunan), İran ve kısmen Hint kültürleriyle temasları sonucunda bu kültürlere karşı büyük bir ilgi ve merak duymuşlardır. Özellikle İskenderiye, Harran ve Cündişâpûr gibi şehirlerin fethedilmesinin ve bu şehirlerdeki ilmî geleneğin Müslümanlar üzerinde önemli etkileri olmuştur. Nitekim bu fetihler akabinde Müslümanlar, sadece dinî ilimlerle yetinmemiş, bunun yanında antik düşünce geleneğini ve kadim kültürleri tanımak amacıyla o kültürlere ait eserleri (...)
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  41.  9
    Why the Gene Was (Mis)Placed at the Center of American Health Policy.Kellie Owens & Arthur L. Caplan - 2023 - Hastings Center Report 53 (4):44-45.
    In Tyranny of the Gene: Personalized Medicine and Its Threat to Public Health (Knopf, 2023), James Tabery traces the ascendance of personalized or precision medicine in America, arguing that America's emphasis on genetics offers more hype than transformational power. In his examination of the power struggles, social relationships, and technological advances that centered the gene in American health policy, Tabery demonstrates how an intensive focus on genetics draws attention away from both the fundamental causes of health disparities and (...)
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  42.  36
    The Basis of the Distinction of Meaning-Interpretation in Tafsīr Methodology.Muhammed Yüksek - 2018 - Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi 22 (1):113-139.
    Despite the hadiths and narratives that warn about the interpretation of the Qur’ān by opinion, the question of how Qur’ānic verses can be understood is about the nature of Qur’ānic exegesis. These narratives, which limit the interpretation to the exact field and indicate the invalidity of the specification of the intention with the imprecise information, bring with it the question of how to understand the Qur’ān in each period and society. The issue that has been questioned in the frame of (...)
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  43.  74
    Beyond Versus: The Struggle to Understand the Interaction of Nature and Nurture.Ella Whiteley - 2015 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 29 (3):347-350.
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