The analysis of the confession in Foucault's work based on the comparison between Les anormaux, Mal faire, dire vrai and Les aveux de la chair shows one of the most relevant displacements in Foucault's work, which constitutes a good part of the essence of what has been called the last Foucault: the relation of the subject and the truth. An attempt will be made to account for this turn, analyzing the look at primitive Christianity of the last Foucault and the (...) relationship of such reflection in the analysis of the hermeneutics of the self. The last reflections on the confession in Les aveux de la chair will show the meaning of the ethical inquiry of the last Foucault that reproduces the double critical and ontological character of anarcheology. (shrink)

Este texto analiza el cambio en la noción de enfermedad que se produjo en el siglo V a.c. a través de la comparación entre _nosos, insania y peste_ en las tragedias de Sófocles con el nuevo proceso diagnóstico que se pone en marcha con el establecimiento del corpus hipocrático. Analizando las causas, la cura y el ser de la enfermedad en el Filoctetes, el Ayax y Edipo Rey, podremos observar las distancias con respecto a la concepción técnica y racional del (...) diagnóstico hipocrático y delimitar así los procesos de desarrollo técnico, democratización del saber y de pérdida de autoridad divina que posibilitarán una medicina liberada, en tanto saber, de sus ancestrales raíces religiosas. (shrink)

Este texto analiza la formación del concepto de genealogía en _Teoría e Instituciones Penales_, donde aparece la primera aplicación práctica del método genealógico. La pregunta por el estatuto de la formación de la genealogía nos permitirá plantearnos, a su vez, los límites y los problemas implicados en su emergencia que poseen una relevancia específica para la actualidad del método. Por último, se planteará la actualidad de la genealogía a través de los desarrollos de la obra foucaultiana y las características posibilitadoras (...) y antirrepresentativas de la misma. Todo ello nos permitirá actualizar un método que posee profundas virtudes epistémicas y críticas para pensar nuestro presente. (shrink)

En el presente artículo se pretende analizar el posicionamiento de Levi Strauss, reciente Premi Internacional Catalunya 2005, en el seno del debate entre humanismo y antihumanismo. El estructuralismo de Levi Strauss supuso un desenmascaramiento de algunos presupuestos sobre los que se levantaba el humanismo. Al mismo tiempo, el estructuralismo respondía a un síntoma de nuevos tiempos, en dónde se intentaba pensar y actuar de otro modo. Los patrones clásicos y humanistas parecían estar agotados y la euforia estructuralista auguraba un nuevo (...) modo de filosofía. Contraponiendo los análisis de ‘Antropología estructural’ y ‘El pensamiento salvaje’ al humanismo ejemplificado por el Sartre de ‘Crítica a la Razón Dialéctica’, en este artículo se pretenden marcar los principales frentes de la batalla entre humanismo y antihumanismo. (shrink)

Este texto analiza los modelos de intelectual propuestos por Foucault y Rorty. Dos modelos que renuncian a continuar los patrones del intelectual clásico y optan por soluciones totalmente opuestas. El intelectual específico, propuesto por Foucault, hace de su labor una tarea crítica que supone un nuevo modo de pensar las relaciones entre filosofía y política, mientras que el intelectual irónico propuesto por Rorty conduce la tarea intelectual hacia una deserción, hacia la supeditación de la filosofía a la democracia. Dos modos, (...) pues, de concebir la práctica filosófica en nuestro presente que nos llevan hacia la pregunta por la crítica en democracia. (shrink)

Este texto plantea el tratamiento de la noción de enfermedad en la obra de Michel Foucault desde su alejamiento del naturalismo y el constructivismo social. La herencia de Canguilhem y de su normativismo vital ofrecen las herramientas teóricas que permitirán un tratamiento de la medicina cuyo análisis provoca la explicitación de la pregunta por la ontología de la obra foucaltuiana, la relación entre normativismo social y vital y la posibilidad de una democratización del saber médico.

When Richard Rorty passed away in June of 2007, we lost a philosopher who contributed to a major number of philosophical currents, a thinker who, with his writing, managed to be at a height of an epoch. This interview was conducted during the year 2005–2006, and it has not been published in English. I publish it now as a way of honoring one of the most interesting philosophers of recent years.

When Richard Rorty passed away in June of 2007, we lost a philosopher who contributed to a major number of philosophical currents, a thinker who, with his writing, managed to be at a height of an epoch. This interview was conducted during the year 2005–2006, and it has not been published in English. I publish it now as a way of honoring one of the most interesting philosophers of recent years.

RESUMENEste texto plantea un seguimiento pormenorizado de la interpretación que Richard Rorty realiza de la obra de Michel Foucault. Dicha lectura es primordial a la hora de establecer un Foucault con dos rostros: uno americano y otro francés. Dicha división permite realizar una lectura en clave liberal de la obra de Foucault, abriendo así la posibilidad, en la filosofía de Rorty, para utilizar la filosofía post-nietzshcheana como instrumento adecuado al neo-pragmatismo.PALABRAS CLAVE FOUCAULT, RORTY, CRÍTICA, PODER, NEO-LIBERALISMOABSTRACTThis paper proposes a detailed (...) study of Richard Rorty’s reading of the work of Michel Foucault. Such interpretation is of paramount importance to create a two-faced Foucault: one of them American, and the other one French. This division enables us to carry out a liberal reading of Foucault’s work, allowing (according to Rorty’s thought) the use of post-Nietzschean philosophy as an appropriate tool for Neopragmatism.KEY WORDSFOUCAULT, RORTY, CRITICISM, POWER, NEO-LIBERALISM. (shrink)

RESUMENEste texto plantea un seguimiento pormenorizado de la interpretación que Richard Rorty realiza de la obra de Michel Foucault. Dicha lectura es primordial a la hora de establecer un Foucault con dos rostros: uno americano y otro francés. Dicha división permite realizar una lectura en clave liberal de la obra de Foucault, abriendo así la posibilidad, en la filosofía de Rorty, para utilizar la filosofía post-nietzshcheana como instrumento adecuado al neo-pragmatismo.PALABRAS CLAVE FOUCAULT, RORTY, CRÍTICA, PODER, NEO-LIBERALISMOABSTRACTThis paper proposes a detailed (...) study of Richard Rorty’s reading of the work of Michel Foucault. Such interpretation is of paramount importance to create a two-faced Foucault: one of them American, and the other one French. This division enables us to carry out a liberal reading of Foucault’s work, allowing (according to Rorty’s thought) the use of post-Nietzschean philosophy as an appropriate tool for Neopragmatism.KEY WORDSFOUCAULT, RORTY, CRITICISM, POWER, NEO-LIBERALISM. (shrink)

Este texto pretende analizar el análisis del liberalismo que Michel Foucault realizó en sus últimos cursos del Collège de France. Tal análisis pasa por una redefinición del concepto de poder, entendido como guerra, y una reflexión sobre los conceptos de seguridad y población, modos a través de los c..

This paper attempts to examine the analysis on liberalism that Michel Foucault developed during his last courses in the Collège de France. This analysis becomes a redefinition of the concept of power, understood as war, and a reflection on the concepts of security and population, by means of which the relation between war, power and liberalism offers a map of the present time, an age when the new rationalityof government can be defined as specifically liberal.

This is an existential-phenomenological reading of Max Weber's "Class, Status, Party" that seeks a fuller understanding of meaning accomplishment in a stratified World. I appropriate stratification as a single meaning structure ontically defined by domination, intersubjectivity, and life-chances and ontologically determined by the power-to-be, There-being-with-others, and potentiality. I then discuss the significance of these structures in finite transcendence and describe ways they factually unfold in World achievement. I conclude with logotherapeutic reflections concerning meaning accomplishment in a stratified World and a (...) summary of key questions facing existential-phenomenology in light of the likelihood that There-being must embrace, indeed, live, the inherent equality of Being among Daseins to accomplish its authenticity. (shrink)

In the wake of corporate ethical scandals that have harmed millions of employees and investors, there has been an increase in the number of works written in the last decade, which aim to answer one apparently simple question: what causes unethical behavior, and what can we do, if anything, to prevent similar transgressions in the future? The extensive research around this question is the best proof of its real complexity as the challenge of disentangling the background of ethical behavior has (...) obvious academic and practical interest. This study aims to take a further step toward that goal. Much research has noted the impact of multiple aspects of organizational contexts on individuals’ ethical behavior. However, studies that analyze the impact of organizational learning capability (OLC) on employees’ ethical behavior are few and far between. This was the first aim of this study. The second centered on gaining a deeper understanding of the relationship between OLC and ethical behavior by analyzing the mediating role of employability and organizational commitment. We tested our hypotheses through a structural equation methodology applied to a sample of 641 workers from 166 Spanish consultancy firms and found a positive, direct relationship between OLC and employability, OLC and organizational commitment, employability and organizational commitment, and organizational commitment and ethical behavior. (shrink)

The knowledge extraction from data with noise or outliers is a complex problem in the data mining area. Normally, it is not easy to eliminate those problematic instances. To obtain information from this type of data, robust classifiers are the best option to use. One of them is the application of bagging scheme on weak single classifiers. The Credal C4.5 model is a new classification tree procedure based on the classical C4.5 algorithm and imprecise probabilities. It represents a type of (...) the so-calledcredal trees. It has been proven that CC4.5 is more robust to noise than C4.5 method and even than other previous credal tree models. In this paper, the performance of the CC4.5 model in bagging schemes on noisy domains is shown. An experimental study on data sets with added noise is carried out in order to compare results where bagging schemes are applied on credal trees and C4.5 procedure. As a benchmark point, the known Random Forest classification method is also used. It will be shown that the bagging ensemble using pruned credal trees outperforms the successful bagging C4.5 and RF when data sets with medium-to-high noise level are classified. (shrink)

Academic English has been the focus of attention for many researchers in the past few years. However, academic spoken English has not received much attention, and those who have selected this field have mainly taken academic lectures and conference paper presentations as their corpus. In this article, a new classification of spoken academic genres is presented, which is formed by classroom genres, institutional genres and research genres. Among these, institutional genres have been selected as a corpus, specifically the Honoris Causa (...) acceptance speech, which has not yet been analysed. We believe that this genre has specific characteristics, mainly related to purpose and structure. In this study, we demonstrate that Honoris Causa speeches follow an established structural pattern and that they always have two purposes: a common one, namely, to express gratitude for the award; and a secondary one that varies from one speech to the other. It is also proved that common rhetorical patterns relate the speaker, the topic and the secondary purpose of the speeches. (shrink)

This paper reports the policy-responses of different Philippine higher education institutions (HEIs) to the novel coronavirus, COVD-19 pandemic. It compares these responses with those made by HEIs in Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam. Publicly available data and news reports were used to gauge the general public’s reaction to these policies and how the Philippines’ responses fare with its Southeast Asian neighbors. The paper observes that despite the innovations made by Philippine HEIs in terms of alternative learning modes and technologies for delivering (...) education, there are still gaps and challenges in their responses. It recommends that policy-responses and learning innovations should be grounded on a deeper understanding of distance education and should be sensitive to the call of the times. (shrink)

In order to fulfil their essential roles as the bearers of truth and the relata of logical relations, propositions must be public and shareable. That requirement has favoured Platonist and other nonmental views of them, despite the well-known problems of Platonism in general. Views that propositions are mental entities have correspondingly fallen out of favour, as they have difficulty in explaining how propositions could have shareable, objective properties. We revive a mentalist view of propositions, inspired by Artificial Intelligence work on (...) perceptual algorithms, which shows how perception causes persistent mental entities with shareable properties that allow them to fulfil the traditional roles of (one core kind of) propositions. The clustering algorithms implemented in perception produce outputs which are (implicit) atomic propositions in different minds. Coordination of them across minds proceeds by game-theoretic processes of communication. The account does not rely on any unexplained notions such as mental content, representation, or correspondence (although those notions are applicable in philosophical analysis of the result). (shrink)

Reseña del libro Cristià, M. (2021): AIDA. Una historia de solidaridad artística transnacional (1979-1985). Buenos Aires: Imago Mundi.

In “God of the Gaps: A Neglected Reply to God’s Stone Problem”, Jc Beall and A. J. Cotnoir offer a gappy solution to the paradox of (unrestricted) omnipotence that is typified by the classic stone problem. Andrew Tedder and Guillermo Badia, however, have recently argued that this solution could not be extended to a more serious Curry-like version of the paradox. In this paper, we show that such a gappy solution does extend to it.

The modern philosophy of science has not succeeded in defining conclusively what the scientific method consists in. On the contrary, scientific practice seems to consist in a methodological pluralism, a definition that connects with essential fragments of John Dewey's Logic, the Theory of Inquiry. For Dewey, even the forms of logic emerge from the problems defined in indeterminate situations. A historical example was the introduction of the notion of complementarity in physics, which allowed the interpretation of two confusingly paradoxical experiments (...) in a coherent way. Dewey's thought demonstrates its relevance by helping us to define the pattern of inquiry. Methodological pluralism and the dependence of logic on research problems is not something that will happen, it is something that has happened and does happen in scientific practices. (shrink)

Por estas fechas, hace veinte años, se reunía en la sala de consejos de esta Universidad un grupo numeroso de filósofos, miembros de la Academia de Historia, de la Academia de la Lengua y del Instituto Caro y Cuervo, con el fin de determinar el pensum de la Facultad de Filosofía que se pretendía fundar. Entre los presentes se hallaba un extranjero. En las últimas sesiones, cuando ya la programación de las materias y los contenidos generales de las mismas estaban (...) casi totalmente configurados, el extranjero anotó la ausencia de una materia o de un capítulo extenso dentro de la historia de la filosofía que se denominara_ Historia de la Filosofía Colombiana_ o _Historia de la Filosofía en Colombia_ o algo similar, e insistió en que se llenara ese vacío. Al fin de las deliberaciones la propuesta fue rechazada porque prevaleció la tesis de que en Colombia nunca se había cultivado la filosofía de una forma tal que mereciera el esfuerzo de su estudio y recuperación. (shrink)

Can God change the past? The standard Aquinas line answers this question negatively: God cannot change the past since such an act implies a contradiction; thus is not within the purview of God's omnipotence. While the Aquinas line is well-known, there are other, non-standard solutions to this question. In this paper, I look into such answers. In particular, I explore those answers that employ the resources of gappy and glutty logics. I show how these solutions are motivated and how each (...) offers an alternative conception of what it is for God to be omnipotent. Finally, I consider and reply to potential issues that may be raised against these non-standard answers. (shrink)

Jc Beall’s off-topic interpretation of Weak Kleene logic offers a logic of ‘true-and-topic’ preservation. However, Nissim Francez has recently argued that being ‘off-topic’ is a relational and not an _absolute_ semantic property; as such, it fails to satisfy the conditions of truth-functionality. For Francez, this means that it ‘cannot serve as an interpretation of a truth-value’. In this paper, I propose a two-layered _re_interpretation of Beall’s off-topic semantics. This two-layered framework has two crucial features: a sentential topic-tagging device and a (...) two-layered evaluation tool. I show that this framework results in a logic that preserves Beall’s key insight and addresses Francez’s concerns. (shrink)

Automated legal reasoning and its application in smart contracts and automated decisions are increasingly attracting interest. In this context, ethical and legal concerns make it necessary for automated reasoners to justify in human-understandable terms the advice given. Logic Programming, specially Answer Set Programming, has a rich semantics and has been used to very concisely express complex knowledge. However, modelling discretionality to act and other vague concepts such as ambiguity cannot be expressed in top-down execution models based on Prolog, and in (...) bottom-up execution models based on ASP the justifications are incomplete and/or not scalable. We propose to use s(CASP), a top-down execution model for predicate ASP, to model vague concepts following a set of patterns. We have implemented a framework, called s(LAW), to model, reason, and justify the applicable legislation and validate it by translating (and benchmarking) a representative use case, the criteria for the admission of students in the “Comunidad de Madrid”. (shrink)

Algunos filósofos utilitaristas justifican proteger los derechos humanos por la utilidad que reportan, pero niegan que tal obligación pueda desplazar al deber ético más fundamental de procurar el bienestar. El trabajo argumenta que los derechos humanos son bienes cuyo valor moral es en parte independiente del bienestar que causan, y por tanto crean exigencias que pueden oponerse y superar a las razones para incrementar el bienestar global. A partir de esta idea se discute la suficiencia de una ética basada únicamente (...) en derechos, los conflictos de los derechos humanos entre sí y con otros bienes morales y la justificación de la inalienabilidad de los derechos humanos. (shrink)