This article exemplifies research on the subjective life experiences of women with breast cancer, designed from a psychoanalytic perspective. Such research aims to reveal the subjective intrapsychic processes of women suffering from breast cancer, which can provide researchers and health care professionals with useful insight. Using Biographic narrative interpretative method, the study reveals some common denominators in the subjective life experiences of women with breast cancer. The study revealed that the subjects consider the diagnosis of breast cancer as one of (...) the four main events in their lives. Even though these events are very different from each other, in terms of type and severity, the results indicate a common process in the way these life events are experienced by the participants. These results are relevant for health care practitioners in structuring their psychosocial support programs so as to better accommodate their patients' psychological needs. (shrink)

This article discusses the meanings that motherhood has in the everyday life of women in Sweden and how they practice their mothering. The empirical foundation is qualitative interviews conducted with mothers who live in Sweden. Social constructionist and discursive psychology inspired the article, and according to the analysis three discursive positions were identified. The first position deals with the child-mother relationship and indicates that the child's psychological well-being is dependent on the mother's accessibility. The second discursive position deals with the (...) child-mother-woman relationship. Within this framework, motherhood involves finding contentment in life beyond the child, to be able to convey that well-being to the child. The third discursive position focuses on the mother as a working woman rather than a mother. These three discursive positions are discussed in relation to a pronounced discourse within Swedish society, which centers on an intense politically induced struggle for gender equality. (shrink)

Abstrak: Kitab Suci merupakan Sabda Allah yang menjadi tumpuan hidup dan sumber kebenaran bagi umat beriman. Posisinya begitu agung dan penting. Sayangnya, banyak umat Kristiani yang kesulitan untuk memahami isi Kitab Suci. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan salah satu metode menafsirkan Kitab Suci yang relatif mudah untuk digunakan oleh semua kalangan, yakni metode Analisis Naratif. Dalam artikel ini, metode tersebut akan digunakan untuk menganalisis perikop tentang “Kelahiran Samuel” (1 Samuel 1:1-28). Melalui analisis atas teks ini pula, hendak dipaparkan beberapa pesan (...) teologis yang dapat meng- inspirasi kehidupan umat beriman. Secara praktis, artikel ini berikhtiar menunjukkan bahwa metode analisis naratif cukup berjasa dalam mem- permudah umat Kistiani menafsirkan atau menggali pesan-pesan teologis dari teks-teks alkitabiah. Kata-kata Kunci: Analisis Naratif, Kitab Suci, kelahiran Samuel, iman, doa, pesan teologis. Abstract: Holy Bible (Scripture) is the Word of God. It is the foundation of life and the source of truth for the faithful. Its position is very great and important, but unfortunately, many Christians find it difficult to understand the content of Scripture. This article would like to introduce one method of interpreting Scripture that is relatively easy to be used by all circles, the method of Narrative Analysis. In this article, the method will be used to analyze the passage about “Birth of Samuel” (1 Samuel 1:1-28). Through the analysis of this text, the writer also offers some theological messages that can inspire the life of faith. Practically, it can be argued that the method of narrative analysis is meritorious in facilitating Christian people to interpret or explore theological messages of biblical texts. Keywords: Narrative analysis, scripture (holy bible), Samuel’s birth, faith, prayer, theological messages. (shrink)

Emerging technologies present a challenging but fascinating set of ethical, legal and regulatory issues. The articles selected for this volume provide a broad overview of the most influential historical and current thinking in this area and show that existing frameworks are often inadequate to address new technologies - such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, synthetic biology and robotics - and innovative new models are needed. This collection brings together invaluable, innovative and often complementary approaches for overcoming the unique challenges of emerging technology (...) ethics and governance. (shrink)

Throughout the course of his career Lionel Elvin has worked closely with experts in many different areas of the educational field and has found that in coming to conclusions about either theory or practical policy, commonsense is indispensable. The author explores the idea of commonsense in education in this study, first published in 1977, and examines this theme both in general and particular terms of the concepts people invoke in educational discussion. This title will be of interest to students (...) of the philosophy of education. (shrink)

This article examines the continuing use of problematic sexual stereotypes at appellate level in the English and Welsh legal system. Using five cases as illustrations, it argues that, notwithstanding professional training and guidance on sexual equality matters, certain senior judges in this jurisdiction still at least sometimes openly employ crude and problematic sexual stereotypes in their judgments or fail to deal appropriately with the use of these stereotypes by trial judges. The central point is that there is still a significant (...) problem with the open use of crude sexual stereotypes in legal reasoning at a senior level in this jurisdiction, despite the pressure on all members of the legal system to appear to be ‘politically correct’. (shrink)

Virtual environment landmarks are essential in wayfinding: they anchor routes through a region and provide memorable destinations to return to later. Current virtual environment browsers provide user interface menus that characterize available travel destinations via landmark textual descriptions or thumbnail images. Such characterizations lack the depth cues and context needed to reliably recognize 3D landmarks. This paper introduces a new user interface affordance that captures a 3D representation of a virtual environment landmark into a 3D thumbnail, called a worldlet. Each (...) worldlet is a miniature virtual world fragment that may be interactively viewed in 3D, enabling a traveler to gain first-person experience with a travel destination. In a pilot student conducted to compare textual, image, and worldlet landmark representations within a wayfinding task, worldlet use significantly reduced the overall travel time and distance traversed, virtually eliminating unnecessary backtracking. (shrink)

This article examines the issue of illicit drug control across three broad levels of analysis. On one level, it examines the nature of the response to a ‘global phenomenon’ and its impact on national sovereignty. On a second level, it considers emergent state forms and practices and their relationship to global changes; and, thirdly, it grounds the analysis temporally and empirically in the contemporary European Union. The complex, evolving and essentially fragmented character of state power is placed in the context (...) of the classic state functions of authority and control. This is set against the growing transnational role of expert knowledge in policy‐making, and concludes with an assessment of the political implications that can be drawn from analysis of this complex set of factors. (shrink)

The military humiliation of China by the West in the 19th century was slight in objective terms but lethal to late-imperial political culture. This was partly because prestige structures, such as that of China, are unusually susceptible to humiliation, and partly because the western impact revitalized and reshaped existing subversive elements. Traditionalists and would-be reformers agreed that there was a crisis, but offered conflicting solutions, especially with respect to the desirability or otherwise of modern technology and some form of democracy. (...) Eventually the interpretation of Chinese history was recast in terms of international intercultural competition, and policy reformulated on this basis so as to lead toward a kind of Sino-western synthesis with China politically and culturally on top. (shrink)

Dramatic advances in 3D Web technologies have recently led to widespread development of virtual world Web browsers and 3D content. A natural question is whether 3D thumbnails can be used to find one’s way about such 3D content the way that text and 2D thumbnail images are used to navigate 2D Web content. We have conducted an empirical experiment that shows interactive 3D thumbnails, which we call worldlets, improve travelers’ landmark knowledge and expedite wayfinding in virtual environments.

This book, inspired by the sociologist Günter Dux, co-edited by the historian Hans Ulrich Vogel, and introduced by Mark Elvin, is a collective intellectual ...

ABSTRACT Adolescent mental health has become a growing concern. One unique challenge to adolescents’ willingness to seek professional mental health support is the concern of confidentiality breach by their parents. This concern may carry more weight in collectivistic cultures, such as China. The current study utilized a large parent sample (N = 460) recruited from six high schools and attempted to integrate cultural self-construal and parenting styles in the context of parental attitudes toward mental health professionals and desires to breach (...) confidentiality. Parental independent self-construal was related to more positive attitudes toward mental health professionals through higher authoritative parenting and negatively associated with authoritarian parenting. On the other hand, interdependent self-construal was related to less positive attitudes toward mental health professionals via higher authoritarian parenting and lower authoritative parenting. More positive attitudes toward mental health professionals, in turn, were related to lower desire to breach confidentiality. Permissive parenting did not play a significant role in this process. The present study illustrates the importance of understanding culturally specific factors and parental influences in therapeutic practices. (shrink)

In many communities around the world, speech to infants and small children has increased mean pitch, increased pitch range, increased vowel duration, and vowel hyper-articulation when compared to speech directed to adults. Some of these IDS and CDS features are also attested in foreigner-directed speech, which has been studied for a smaller range of languages, generally major national languages, spoken by millions of people. We examined vowel acoustics in CDS, conversational ADS, and monologues directed to a foreigner in the Towet (...) dialect of the Papuan language Nungon, spoken by 300 people in a remote region in northeastern Papua New Guinea. Previous work established that Nungon CDS entails optional use of consonant alteration, special nursery vocabulary, and special morphosyntax. This study shows that Nungon CDS to children aged 2;2–3;10 lacks vowel hyper-articulation, but still displays other common prosodic traits of CDS styles around the world: increased mean pitch and pitch range. A developmental effect was also attested, in that speech to 2-year-olds contained vowels that were significantly longer than those in speech to 3-year-olds, which in turn had vowels of similar duration to those in Nungon ADS. We also found that Nungon FDS vowel triangles, measured from monologues primarily directed to a non-native speaker, were significantly larger than those of either CDS or conversational ADS, indicating vowel hyper-articulation. The Nungon pattern may align with the patterns of vowels in Norwegian IDS, CDS, and FDS, where hyper-articulation is found in FDS, but not CDS or IDS. The languages of the New Guinea area constitute 20% of the world's languages, but neither an acoustic comparison of vowels in CDS and ADS, nor an acoustic study of FDS, has previously been completed for any language of New Guinea. The function of an FDS style in a small, closed community like those of much of New Guinea may differ from that in larger societies, since there are very few non-native speakers of Nungon. Thus, this study uses monologues recorded with a foreign researcher as interlocutor to study Nungon FDS. (shrink)

엘빈 해치(Elvin Hatch)는 윤리적 상대주의가 지닌 관용(Tolerance)의 미덕을 긍정한다. 하지만 그러한 미덕은 인간의 복지라는 인도주의의 원칙을 위반하지 않는 한도 내에서만 긍정될 수 있다고 본다. 해치는 윤리적 상대주의를 완전히 폐기하는 것에 반대한다. 하지만 최종적으로 어느 한계에 이르면 인도주의의 원칙에 의해서 상대주의는 극복되어야 한다고 생각한다. 그러나 이러한 해치의 주장은 여전히 인도주의라는 명분하에 가해질 수 있는 억압과 폭력을 정당화할 수 있는 위험을 지닌다는 점에서 적극적으로 지지하기 어려워 보인다. 적어도 해치가 이러한 어려움과 위험에서 벗어나기 위해서는 그의 기본적인 전략 즉 부분적으로 윤리적 상대주의를 지지하면서 (...) 인도주의를 직접 결합시키려는 시도를 포기해야 한다. 오히려 윤리적 상대주의에 대한 일관된 지지 속에서 인도주의가 추구하는 가치내지는 그것의 발견 가능성을 도출할 수 있는 새로운 방법론을 찾는 것이 보다 민주적인 인도주의의 적용과 실행을 가져올 수 있다. 본고는 윤리적 상대주의와 인도주의의 단순한 결합을 통해 상대주의가 지닌 난점을 해결하고자 했던 해치의 기획이 지닌 한계를 드러내고자 한다. 동시에 이러한 문제 상황을 벗어날 수 있는 새로운 대안을 제시하는데 초점을 맞춘다. (shrink)