Previous studies consistently showed age-related differences in temporal judgment and temporal memory. Importantly, emotional valence plays a crucial role in older adults’ information processing. In this study, we examined the effects of emotions at the intersection between time and memory, analysing age-related differences in a temporal source memory task. Twenty-five younger adults (age range 18–35), 25 old adults (age range 65–74), and 25 old–old adults (age range 75–84) saw a series of emotional pictures in three sessions separated by a one-day (...) rest period. In the fourth session, participants were asked to indicate in which session (1, 2, or 3) they saw each picture. Results showed that old–old adults tended to collocate negative pictures distant in time, while positive stimuli were remembered as more recent than real, compared to neutral pictures. To a lower extent, people over 65 showed the same pattern of results. In contrast, emotional valence did not affect younger adults’ temporal positioning of stimuli. Current findings fit well with the Socio-Emotional Selectivity Theory’s assumptions and extended the literature on the positivity effect to temporal source memory. (shrink)

Previous studies have highlighted that temporal source memory can be influenced by factors such as the individual’s age and the emotional valence of the event to be remembered. In this study, we investigated how the different points of view (POVs) from which an event is presented could interact with the relationship between age-related differences and emotional valence on temporal source memory. One hundred and forty-one younger adults (aged 18–30) and 90 older adults (aged 65–74) were presented with a series of (...) emotional videos shot from different POVs (first vs. third-person) in three sessions. In the fourth session, participants were asked to indicate in which session (1, 2, or 3) they viewed each video. The results indicated that the first-person POV amplified the effects of the emotional valence on temporal source memory. Only in this experimental condition, older adults “pushed away” negative stimuli by perceiving them as more distant in time, and “kept closer” positive stimuli by perceiving them as more recent. In comparison, younger adults “kept closer” positive stimuli. These findings add to the existing literature on the positivity effect on temporal source memory and highlighted the importance of considering the POV in relation to the emotional valence. (shrink)

Ante el panorama político doctrinario del siglo XIX caracterizado por dos filosofías opuestas y predominantes, como eran el liberalismo y el socialismo, en el presente artículo se sistematiza, por medio de una reconstrucción histórica y filosófica, la evolución del movimiento político de la Democracia Cristiana en Europa, en particular en Francia y Alemania, a través de las obras y acciones políticas de sus pioneros. Esta corriente ideológica se presenta como una �vía intermedia o alternativa� para un proyecto político fundado sobre (...) una visión cristiana de la vida y del hombre, equidistante de las posiciones del liberalismo y del socialismo radicales. (shrink)

Resumen: Este artículo intenta visibilizar algunos aspectos del rol fundacional de la narrativa de Juan Emar en las letras nacionales, en particular, su fecundo diálogo con la antipoesía de Parra. Se propone que tanto en Miltín 1934 de Emar como en la Antipoesía de Parra asistimos a la práctica de una carnavalización del motivo de lo divino-sublime. En esta dirección, ambas poéticas vanguardistas modulan en el espacio hispanoamericano una de las aristas del “proyecto inconcluso de la modernidad” : la muerte (...) nietzscheana de Dios y de su espacio simbólico; connotado por el tópico de la música de las esferas. Tópico que en ambos autores se da en el marco de un cuestionamiento a una estética de lo sublime que predominaba en la crítica de la época.: This article attempts to draw attention to the foundational role of the literary production of Juan Emar in the national letters, in particular, its fruitful dialogue with the antipoesía de Parra. It is proposed that both in Miltín 1934 and the Antipoesía de Parra we attend the practice of carnivalization of the divine-sublime. In this direction, both avant-garde poetics modulate one of the edges the “unfinished project of modernity” : the simbolic death of God and the simbolic space; connotated by the topico of the spheres music. Topico that in both authors is given in a questioning of a critique of an aesthetic of the sublime; that prevailed in criticism of that period. (shrink)

En el apartado Noche 3 de Umbral, Juan Emar se vale de la estrategia de la hibridez genérica al construir una novela-drama que resignifica aportes de la vanguardia metaficcional. Nuestra hipótesis es que mediante la “refuncionalización paródica” (Hutcheon) de la diferencia conceptual entre historia y ficción se despliega una poética vanguardista que acoge el simultaneísmo temporal y espacial. Se trabaja con el enfoque postestructuralista foucaultiano que distingue entre una Historia Global, el metarrelato moderno y una Historia General; la que estudia (...) las discontinuidades en las series temporales. En efecto, la poética de la simultaneidad es en la narrativa emariana un mecanismo dislocador de una serie de oposiciones binarias de la episteme moderna: obra dramática v/s representación teatral, espacio escénico v/s sala de espectadores, autor v/s obra, pasado v/s futuro, arte v/s vida, entre otros. Emar despliega así en forma magistral una propuesta vanguardista que da cuenta de la heterogeneidad de tradiciones culturales como impronta de escritura de un sujeto latinoamericano. In paragraph Night 3 of his novella Umbral, Juan Emar utilices hybridism as a generic strategy in the construction of a novella-drama that assign new meanings to the contributions of the metafictional Avant Garde. Our hipothesis is that throught a “parodic refunctionalization” of the distinction between history and fiction is conveying an Avant Garde poetics that promote the spatial and temporal simultaneity. We work with the foucaultian postestructuralism focus which make a distinction between Global History; the modern metanarrative and a General History; that studies the discontinuities in temporals series. The simultaneity poetic’s is in their narrative a mechanism that dislodges a series of binary oppositions as: dramatic work vs. theatrical representation, scenic space vs auditorium, author vs. work, past vs. future, art vs. life, among others. Emar deploys in a masterly way, his Avant Garde proposal of the heterogeneity of cultural traditions as writing impronta of a Latin-American subject. (shrink)

Taking its cue from the famous articles in which the Jesuit Marcel Chossat, in the early decades of the last century, was the first to suggest that the doctrine of the real distinction between being and essence should be attributed to Giles of Rome, and not to Thomas Aquinas, the article proposes to consider the Neoplatonic matrix of Giles’ distinction, and to re-examine in more detail the doctrine of participation, which is the real trigger of the controversy between Giles and (...) Henry of Ghent. It suggests that Thomas Aquinas, Henry and Giles all three draw on the Proclean tradition, but each choosing different elements, as attested especially by the different readings of the fourth and ninth proposition of the De causis. Finally, it points out that the purpose of the distinction between being and essence is not at all, in Aquinas, to account for the contingency of creation, but to highlight the superiority of God not only with respect to all that possesses matter, but also to all that possesses only a form, even if intrinsically necessary. The distance between Giles and Aquinas could not be greater in this respect: the Dominican Master is not at all interested in showing the radical contingency of all creatures, including separate substances. On the contrary, insofar as he defends the idea that separate substances, as pure forms, are inseparable from their being, it remains true that one could legitimately speak, with regard to this aspect, of “St Thomas’ Averroism”, as Chossat wanted. (shrink)

Taking its cue from the famous articles in which the Jesuit Marcel Chossat, in the early decades of the last century, was the first to suggest that the doctrine of the real distinction between being and essence should be attributed to Giles of Rome, and not to Thomas Aquinas, the article proposes to consider the Neoplatonic matrix of Giles’ distinction, and to re-examine in more detail the doctrine of participation, which is the real trigger of the controversy between Giles and (...) Henry of Ghent. It suggests that Thomas Aquinas, Henry and Giles all three draw on the Proclean tradition, but each choosing different elements, as attested especially by the different readings of the fourth and ninth proposition of the De causis. Finally, it points out that the purpose of the distinction between being and essence is not at all, in Aquinas, to account for the contingency of creation, but to highlight the superiority of God not only with respect to all that possesses matter, but also to all that possesses only a form, even if intrinsically necessary. The distance between Giles and Aquinas could not be greater in this respect: the Dominican Master is not at all interested in showing the radical contingency of all creatures, including separate substances. On the contrary, insofar as he defends the idea that separate substances, as pure forms, are inseparable from their being, it remains true that one could legitimately speak, with regard to this aspect, of “St Thomas’ Averroism”, as Chossat wanted. (shrink)

J. Dudley, Aristotle’s Concept of Chance. Accidents, Cause, Necessity, and Determinism, State University of New York Press, Albany 2012.

Rather unusually, Henry of Ghent includes ‘totality’ in the list of divine attributes discussed in his Summa quaestionum ordinariarum. Availing himself of the different philosophical definitions of totality given by Boethius and Avicenna, Henry concludes that God cannot be considered a totum universale, a totum numerale and a totum virtuale or potestativum, but concedes that He may be considered a totality insofar as His being comprehends the exemplary perfections of all created beings.

Lex necessitatis vel contingentiae Cet article se propose de reconsidérer de manière critique deux présupposés spécifiques à l’interprétation gilsonienne de Thomas d’Aquin : (i) le fait que, dans l’univers thomasien, tous les étants différents de Dieu soient marqués par une « contingence radicale » ; (ii) l’idée qu’en dernière analyse cette contingence est fondée sur la distinction entre être et essence – et, plus généralement, (iii) la conviction que la conception thomiste de la providence se présente comme une alternative radicale (...) au déterminisme et au nécessitarisme de la tradition gréco-arabe. À cette fin, nous examinerons successivement les points suivants : les significations les plus communes que Thomas confère aux notions de nécessité et de contingence ; le rapport entre fortune, sort et providence ; la réfutation conditionnée du déterminisme astral ; le mode sur lequel la providence dispose les événements nécessaires aussi bien que les événements contingents ; les réactions opposées de Siger de Brabant et de Jean Duns Scot au modèle par lequel Thomas tente de sauver la contingence au sein de l’ordre providentiel ; l’affirmation par Thomas de l’existence de créatures formellement nécessaires. En conclusion, on suggère que Thomas affaiblit certains présupposés fondamentaux de la stratégie anti-déterministe mise en œuvre par Aristote dans le livre VI de la Métaphysique, que l’alternative entre nécessité et contingence ne représente pas chez Thomas le véritable départ entre le créateur et la créature, et que, pour cette raison, la distinction entre être et essence n’a pas pour premier et principal objectif de rendre compte de la contingence de tous les étants créés. (shrink)

La réception de l’Idéologie en Argentine au début du XIXe siècle a joué un rôle essentiel dans la construction politique et culturelle du pays à travers l’action de son président, Bernardino Rivadavia. Les professeurs de philosophie de la nouvelle université de Buenos Aires furent chargés d’adapter en espagnol et de diffuser les idées des philosophes français dans un contexte politique souvent difficile. L’Idéologie est ainsi devenue un enjeu important dans les débats sur les modèles d’organisation politique de la jeune République (...) succédant à l’organisation coloniale. (shrink)

1 Qualche considerazione preliminare È opportuno cominciare citando per intero la sezione 5.1362 del Tractatus, attorno alla quale ruoterà gran parte di ciò che andrò sostenendo: Il libero arbitrio consiste nell’impossibilità di conoscere ora azioni future. Noi le potremmo conoscere solo se la causalità fosse una necessità interiore, come quella della conclusione logica. — La connessione di conoscere e conosciuto è quella della necessità logica. (“A sa che p" è priva di senso, se p è una taut...

El trabajo analiza un proceso de judicialización mediante acción colectiva bajo la tipificación de violencia contra la libertad reproductiva e institucional, y contra la obstaculización sistemática en el acceso a ligaduras tubarias de mujeres de sectores vulnerables en un hospital público de la ciudad de Córdoba-Argentina. El análisis presenta tres dimensiones principales, a saber, una dimensión jurídico-conceptual, una dimensión procesal y una dimensión de efectos de la judicialización.

In this article I explore certain modeling in Aristotle's zoological work. In particular, I am interested in the type of theoretical schemes in which Aristotle does not claim anatomical or physiological precision because they refer to more than one genus of animals or their parts or activities. On the one hand, I analyse the triaxial scheme of the faculties of animals in the De Incessu Animalium 4, in which the dimensions are defined not by their position but by a function. (...) On the other hand, I examine the diagram of the De Motu Animalium 9, in which Aristotle concludes that the material middle of the animal, the heart, cannot originate simultaneous movements, so there must be something that moves without being moved. I believe that this model also distinguishes its elements not by their positions but their functions. The geometric terms assigned in each case account for certain functions of animals, presenting a double value of the analogy: between the animal domain and the geometric one, and granting the necessary generality to capture the similarity between different genus within the animal domain itself. (shrink)