Objective: Mindfulness disposition is associated with various psychological factors and prevent emotional distress in chronic diseases. In the present study, we analyzed the key role of mindfulness dispositions in protecting the individual against psychological distress consequent to COVID-19 social distancing and quarantining. Methods: An online survey was launched on March 13, 2020, with 6,412 responses by April 6, 2020. Socio-demographic information, exposure to the pandemic, and quarantining were assessed together with psychological distress and mindfulness disposition. Multivariate linear regression analysis was (...) performed to study the influence of predictive factors on psychological distress and quality of life in Italian responders during the early days of lockdown. Pearson correlations were calculated to study the relations between mindfulness and psychiatric symptoms. Results: Multivariate linear regression run on socio-demographics, COVID-19-related variables, and mindfulness disposition as moderators of overall psychological distress showed that mindfulness was the best predictor of psychological distress (β = -0.504; p =.000). High negative correlations were found between mindfulness disposition and overall Global Severity Index (r = -.637; p =.000), while moderate to high associations were found between mindfulness and all SCL-90 sub-scales. Discussion: Findings showed that high dispositional mindfulness enhances well-being and helps in dealing with stressful situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Mindfulness-based mental training could represent an effective intervention to stem the post-traumatic psychopathological beginnings and preventing the onset of chronic mental disorders. (shrink)

Recent controversies about the level of replicability of behavioral research analyzed using statistical inference have cast interest in developing more efficient techniques for analyzing the results of psychological experiments. Here we claim that complementing the analytical workflow of psychological experiments with Machine Learning-based analysis will both maximize accuracy and minimize replicability issues. As compared to statistical inference, ML analysis of experimental data is model agnostic and primarily focused on prediction rather than inference. We also highlight some potential pitfalls resulting from (...) adoption of Machine Learning based experiment analysis. If not properly used it can lead to over-optimistic accuracy estimates similarly observed using statistical inference. Remedies to such pitfalls are also presented such and building model based on cross validation and the use of ensemble models. ML models are typically regarded as black boxes and we will discuss strategies aimed at rendering more transparent the predictions. (shrink)

La reciprocidad se revela como un principio social fundamental cuando se evidencia su estructura dual. Por un lado, el don desvía el valor de las cosas hacia una pretensión de reconocimiento y estatus, con lo que crea un contramundo social; por otro, tales pretensiones, muchas veces defraudadas, contrastan con las relaciones objetivas y éstas son criticadas sobre el trasfondo de la reciprocidad pretendida. En las Confesiones de Rousseau, el sentido del agradecimiento de los personajes jóvenes y marginales les confiere dignidad (...) y derecho a la crítica. Smith esboza un procedimiento de recontextualización afín al de las narraciones de Rousseau, pero en su teoría, el significado distinto que la reciprocidad da a los objetos y sujetos del intercambio tiene que descubrirse en un trasfondo social, como una realidad paralela. (shrink)

We propose various methods for combining or amalgamating propositional languages and deductive systems. We make heavy use of quantales and quantale modules in the wake of previous works by the present and other authors. We also describe quite extensively the relationships among the algebraic and order-theoretic constructions and the corresponding ones based on a purely logical approach.

In this paper we study interpretations and equivalences of propositional deductive systems by using a quantale-theoretic approach introduced by Galatos and Tsinakis. Our aim is to provide a general order-theoretic framework which is able to describe and characterize both strong and weak forms of interpretations among propositional deductive systems also in the cases where the systems have different underlying languages.

A characterization of groups definable in o-minimal structures having maximal definable definably compact subgroups is given. This follows from a definable decomposition in analogy with Lie groups, where the role of maximal tori is played by maximal 0-subgroups. Along the way we give structural theorems for solvable groups, linear groups, and extensions of definably compact by torsion-free definable groups.

Este trabajo analiza las implicancias de la relación comprensión lectora y resolución de problemas en matemática por medio de un análisis detallado de la formulación lingüística de problemas matemáticos y su resolución en un manual de apoyo docente elaborado para este propósito. De esta forma, se detallan diferentes enunciados de problemas en matemáticas para analizar desde su estructura verbal -conforme a una complejidad creciente e integrada- a fin de exponer su impacto enlas posibilidades de resolución por parte de los estudiantes (...) universitarios de primeraño en la Facultad de Ingeniería de la UC Temuco. (shrink)

Der Beitrag untersucht die geschichtliche Entwicklung in ehemaligen Kolonialstaaten nach dem Rückzug der Kolonialmächte. Er unternimmt diese Untersuchung im Ausgang von Hegels Begriff der Sittlichkeit. Mittels dieses Konzepts entwickelt der Autor ein Modell des historischen Prozesses, der durch den Widerstreit zwischen den Ansprüchen der einzelnen Gemeinschaften und denen des Nationalstaats bestimmt ist. Anschließend prüft er dieses Modell unter Rückgriff auf tatsächliche Entwicklungen, etwa in Südamerika.

Are identity criteria grounding principles? A prima facie answer to this question is positive. Specifically, two-level identity criteria can be taken as principles related to issues of identity among objects of a given kind compared with objects of a more basic kind. Moreover, they are grounding metaphysical principles of some objects with regard to others. In the first part of the paper we criticise this prima facie natural reading of identity criteria. This result does not mean that identity criteria could (...) not be taken as grounding principles. In the second part, we propose some basic steps towards a conceptual reading of grounding. Such a way of understanding it goes along with an epistemic reading of identity criteria. (shrink)

In his Cahiers , Valéry says that writing two of his major dialogues, Eupalinos and L’âme et la danse , was an antidote to his ravaging mood: literature and spirituality are the remedy generated by a necessary and not eliminable evil, particularly the one that shows itself as ‘rage’ in love. The essay investigates thoroughly this contradictory logic and focuses on the problem of sensitiveness in Valéry’s work, pointing out a twofold presence of the ‘body’. Preserving these two presences, the (...) writing incessantly tries to make up “une fureur intelligente et expérimentale” and to give a new form, without deleting it, to sensitiveness’ acute pain. (shrink)

This book deals with an old conundrum: if God knows what we will choose tomorrow, how can we be free to choose otherwise? If all our choices are already written, is our freedom simply an illusion? This book provides a precise analysis of this dilemma using the tools of modern ontology and the logic of time. With a focus on three intertwined concepts - God's nature, the formal structure of time, and the metaphysics of time, including the relationship between temporal (...) entities and a timeless God - the chapters analyse various solutions to the problem of foreknowledge and freedom, revealing the advantages and drawbacks of each. Building on this analysis, the authors advance constructive solutions, showing under what conditions an entity can be omniscient in the presence of free agents, and whether an eternal entity can know the tensed futures of the world. The metaphysics of time, its topology and the semantics of future tensed sentences are shown to be invaluable topics in dealing with this issue. Combining investigations into the metaphysics of time with the discipline of temporal Logic this monograph brings about important advancements in the philosophical understanding of an ancient and fascinating problem. The answer, if any, is hidden in the folds of time, in the elusive nature of this feature of reality and in the infinite branching of our lives. (shrink)

Abstract:In his later writings, Althusser brings to light a repressed materialistic current in Western philosophy, ranging from Epicurus to Heidegger and Derrida. In this article, I argue that the comparison between Epicurus's conception of Nature and Heidegger's concepts of Geworfenheit and Es gibt allows Althusser to lay the foundation for a new notion of event. Through the analysis of this philosophical connection, Althusser aims both to think of Time and History in a non-teleological way and to create the conditions for (...) a political praxis that does not apply any kind of metaphysical principles to a constantly changing reality. (shrink)

The timeless solution to the problem of divine foreknowledge and human freedom has many advantages. Still, the relationship between a timeless God and temporal beings is problematic in a number of ways. In this paper, we focus on the specific problems the timeless view has to deal with when certain assumptions on the metaphysics of time are taken on board. It is shown that on static conception of time God’s omniscience is easily accounted for, but human freedom is threatened, while (...) a dynamic conception has no problems with human freedom, but, on this view, some truths seem not to be knowable by a timeless God. We propose Fragmentalism as a metaphysics of time in which the divine timeless knowledge of temporal events and human freedom can be reconciled. -/- . (shrink)

El carácter cognitivista de la ética es introducido por Hegel en el procesoreal y universal del espíritu con las figuras del desengaño trágico y de larelación conflictiva entre estado y sociedad. La referencia a las contradicciones de la conciencia ética confiada en lazos naturales y sociales aparece en Hegel cada vez que él quiere precisar el nexo entre ética y saber en el mundo moderno. Las contradicciones de la conciencia ética indican para él puntos de tránsito a la eticidad fundada (...) en el conocimiento de lo universal. La redefinición de lo ético en el medio del saber conceptual se realiza paraHegel sin embargo sólo mediante la superación e integración de las formaséticas correspondientes a la familia y la sociedad civil en el estado. (shrink)

Mediante el análisis de determinados pasajes del capítulo VI de la Fenomenología del espíritu, este trabajo demuestra cómo se vale Hegel de la tragedia griega para diseñar un modelo del desarrollo conflictivo de las relaciones entre sociedad y Estado. El hilo conductor de la lectura es el concepto de inversión (Verkehrung), que aparece estrechamente vinculado al de acción (Handlung). El estudio muestra, en conclusión, que la reducción de esta comprensión trágica de la eticidad a los términos del conflicto entre sociedad (...) civil y Estado de la Filosofía del derecho implica pérdidas grandes, pero no irrecuperables. (shrink)