It is often assumed that pet ownership improves peoples’ wellbeing, but evidence of this pet effect has been mixed. We extended past research on pet personality, the pet effect, and value congruence to examine whether people perceive their pets to have humanlike values and if owner-pet values similarity has a positive effect on owners’ life satisfaction. In a large and diverse sample of Australian dog and cat owners, we find that people imbue their dogs and cats with humanlike values in (...) a way that reflects the theoretical circular structure of values. Importantly, perceptions of the values of dogs and cats differed in that dogs were perceived to prioritize more social-focus values, whereas cats were perceived to prioritize more personal-focus values. Additionally, we find that similarity in the values profile of dog owners and their dogs is positively associated with life satisfaction, but this was not the case for cats. However, when we examined associations between individual values similarity and life satisfaction, our results suggest a more complex and nuanced picture of both direct and indirect similarity effects. (shrink)

The DAMA project is an observatory for rare processes and it is operative deep underground at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory of the I.N.F.N. In particular, the DAMA/LIBRA (Large sodium Iodide Bulk for RAre processes) set-up consists of highly radiopure NaI(Tl) detectors for a total sensitive exposed mass of ≃250 kg. Recent results, obtained by this set-up by exploiting the model independent annual modulation signature of Dark Matter (DM) particles, have confirmed and improved those obtained by the former DAMA/NaI experiment. (...) A model independent evidence for the presence of Dark Matter particles in the galactic halo is cumulatively obtained at 8.2 σ C.L. No systematics or side reactions able to account for the measured modulation amplitude and to contemporaneously satisfy all the many specific requirements of the signature have been found or suggested by anyone over more than a decade. An example of one of the many possible model dependent corollary quests for the candidate particles and for the related astrophysical, nuclear and particle physics scenarios is presented considering the whole cumulative exposure. Future perspectives are shortly addressed. (shrink)

Searches for non-paulian nuclear processes, i.e. processes normally forbidden by the Pauli–Exclusion–Principle (PEP) with highly radiopure NaI(Tl) scintillators allow the test of this fundamental principle with high sensitivity. Status and perspectives are addressed.

因為現代醫藥之發達與進步，我們身體的痛已大多有了消解之道；但思想、心理與性靈的病卻是越來越讓我們感到憂傷，越來越教我們心生恐懼，也越來越侵犯到我們原本一心盼望單單純純地「活在此時此刻」這極其謙卑的權利 與心願。 顯然，現代科技仍然效力有限，而無端的生命苦難更是難以預期與估量。我們還是得時時回頭看看自己這一身，回頭想想自己這一生，並同時回頭思量自己這一顆心到底蘊藏著什麼寶貝，或許，這樣的自力救濟與自力更生纔是生 活的王道。 且讓我們一起來細細品味兩千多年前這一位東方的「生命療癒先行者」――莊子到底是怎麼看待他自己這一身、這一生、這一世以及時時刻刻跳動在「此時此刻」的這一顆心，而其中又有何特殊光景值得莊子大書特書，這也許是 人類千年不變的生命共業。 原本，我們一出生就無法自外於大自然，而「自然」原來就在我們完完整整的這一身，它的符碼（甚至是密碼）就藏在我們人人心底，就靠我們自己來記憶，來存取，來開啟我們與生俱來的自我療癒的能力，而莊子如是言，如是 行，如是思量，如是觀想，如是腳踏實地，如是心無旁鶩，如是存活於此時此刻──而他已然為我們落下這八個無比精采的篇章： ◆逍遙之遊──莊子一心渴望真自由，而他到底是如何滿足這心底深沉的渴望？又是如何從地面起身躍向那無邊無界的天空？ ◆齊物之論──莊子彷彿心無是非，口無虛言，而只是靜觀萬物，平等看待這世上的一切，他是如何能夠保有這份真真切切的「自知之明」？如何在夢醒之際清清楚楚地守著這僅有的清明之心？ ◆養生之主──莊子先是如同一般人，一心只盼望健健康康，無疾也無病，但他還深刻地警覺生命最大的痛──死亡隨時隨處在窺伺著我們，我們又能如何真正地跳出這幾乎無所不在的死亡的幽谷？ ◆人間之世──莊子深知世上難免無妄之災，更難防故意之敵，但我們還是得盡量避禍，盡力解厄，同時盡心地處理好所有與我們相連相繫的人際關係；不過，當不順心不如意之事迎面而來之際，我們又當如何舉重若輕地一肩承 擔？莊子顯然有他自己的法子。 ◆真人之身──莊子不是教主，也不想開宗立派，他只是始終關心本來無價無償的生命到底該怎麼被我們認真地看待，而那「無用之用」的奧妙又有誰能真正了解？ ◆渾沌之死──就莊子看來，「渾沌」本無生亦無死；而如果說我們總是自己在「找死」，並不是死亡找上我們，這雖然看似重話，卻可能有警醒人心的作用。原來，莊子的「生命之壺」暗藏玄機，而縱然生死之謎究竟無解，但 我們又何妨放下心來，自由自在地在這世上走上一回。 ◆自然之道──莊子當然不懂現代科技，但他已經知道運用機械的後遺症。設想時下所謂的「科技新貴」能夠放下「釣魚上鉤」的念頭，靜靜地佇立水岸，觀賞那魚兒水中游，大概就將別有一番生活情趣與生命體悟。 ◆幸福之夢──莊子應該和任何人一樣，都想幸幸福福過一生，但我們到底該怎麼尋找終生的伴侶（甚至是「絕配」）？日子又該怎麼過得舒適？而和自己又能如何做一輩子的至親好友？這些問題的解答，可能就是打開那幸福之 門的鑰匙吧！ 作者：葉海煙 輔仁大學哲學博士，美國哈佛大學訪問學人、東吳大學哲學系教授兼系主任、長榮大學哲學與宗教學系教授兼系主任、台灣哲學學會會長、錢穆故居執行長、台南市哲學學會會長。現任南神神學院神學研究所專任哲學教授、國立 成功大學兼任哲學教授。專長道家哲學，當代新儒學，當代倫理學比較研究，台灣文化研究。著有《莊子的生命哲學》、《老莊哲學新論》、《道德、理性與人文的向度》、《中國哲學的倫理觀》、《人文與哲學的對話》、《傳 統倫理的現代挑戰》、《莊子的處世智慧》、《老子診療室》、《臺灣學入門》、《道家倫理學：理論與實踐》、《哲學與人生》、《哲學在哪裡》等近二十種著作。.

本书凝聚了作者一生的思考与智慧,回应的是人类生活与命运的永恒问题的挑战,杜兰特在书中就人生各个阶段,宗教,道德,种族,性,战争,艺术,科学,教育,历史以及社会制度等问题,给出了充满智慧和经过深思熟虑的 答案.

本书从人类文明发展的历史进程和人与自然的关系入手,着重对20世纪以来日益加剧的全球生态危机进行严肃反思,预警人与自然界“异化”将会导致的不堪后果。.

本书包括“‘五四之子’:文化养成和学业背景”、“西南联大七年的岁月”、“思想的自我放逐之旅”、“自由主义思想背景走向前台”、“跟着‘五四’的脚步前进”、“我不分享这个时代的价值”、“志未酬:晚年的思想 与学术”、“殷海光与后‘五四’时期中国思想的演进”八个部分。.

Ben shu jie shao le liang shu ming xian sheng shi shang ge shi ji de zhong guo wen hua ming ren zhi yi, Shi 20 shi ji xin ru jia de kai chuang zhe, Shi si xiang jia, Zhe xue jia, Jiao yu jia, You shi po you ying xiang de she hui huo dong jia. You qi ta de du te de si xiang he xue shi, Ta de te li du xing de kan ke ren (...) class='Hi'>sheng jing li, Yi bei zi jian chi jiang zhen hua, Shi bu tong xun chang de, Ye shi ruo gan tong shi dai de zhi ming ren shi suo bu ke qi ji de. (shrink)

Ben shu gong liu pian, Nei rong bao kuo:zhong guo ren de pin de, Wo men xu yao shen me yang de she hui he zheng fu, Min zhu yu zi you, Shi ye yu ren sheng, Wo men xu yao shen me yang de wen xue, Wo men xu yao shen me yang de jiao yu deng.

Ben shu zhu yao lun shu ru,Mo liang jia fa zheng si xiang,Bing fu lu xian dai xing fa dui bi fo jiao jie lü lun wen yi pian.Xie zuo te se yao fen wei er:yi,Zai yan jiu fang fa shang,Cai qu bi jiao fa xue yan jiu jin lu,Jian shi chuan tong si xiang yu xian dai jia zhi ti xi xian zhuan gong gou zhi ke neng.Shi gu wen zhang lun shu zhong xin bu zai chan shu ru,Mo (...) nei sheng dao de gong fu lun mian xiang,Er geng ce zhong qi yu xian dai fa li nian ji xian xing fa zhi du zhi dui bi fen xi.Er,Zai lun shu nei rong fang mian,Chuan tong yan jiu zhu yao tong guo jia zhi xi tong nei,Ji ken ding chuan tong wen hua zhi zhuan ye yan jiu zhe li chang chu fa,Zhang xian zhong guo zhe xue shi dai he li xing. (shrink)

Xue xi he yan jiu Zhongguo zhe xue, yi ban lai shuo, Feng xian sheng shi ke chao er bu ke yue de. Yi si shi, hou ren wan quan ke neng er qie ye ying dang sheng guo Feng xian sheng, dan shi que bu neng rao guo Feng xian sheng. Rao guo Feng xian sheng, bu dan bi ran yao duo fei li qi, er qie rong yi zou wan lu er nan yu (...) shen ru tang ao. Feng Youlan zuo wei wo guo jin dai zhe xue de yi dai ju bo, zai mou zhong yi yi shang, ying xiang liao zheng ge jin dai Zhongguo zhe xue de ge ju. Er dui yu Feng Youlan zhe xue ji qi xue shu sheng ya de yan jiu, ye sui zhe dang dai guo xue yan jiu de xing qi, shou dao yue lai yue duo de guan zhu. Minguo shi qi de Zhongguo xue shu jie, ying gai shuo shi hui ju le yi da pi kua shi dai de xue shu jing ying, te bie shi zai chuan tong xue shu ling yu, kan cheng yi chang si xiang de sheng yan.ben shu zuo zhe zai hao ru yan hai de Minguo wen xian zhong, jing xin zheng li chu dang shi xue jie dui Feng Youlan zhe xue de hui ying he dui hua, qi zhong bao kuo zhu ru Chen Yinke, Jin Yuelin, Hu Shi, Zhang Dainian, Cai Shangsi deng yi da pi xue jie tai dou de wen zhang, zi liao xing fei chang qiang, bu jin fan ying le zhu wei xue zhe ge ren de du dao jian jie, geng cong yi ge ce mian fan ying le Minguo shi qi Feng Youlan zhe xue yan jiu de sheng kuang, dui dang xia yan jiu Feng Youlan zhe xue si xiang ju you zhong yao de can kao jia zhi. (shrink)

Chuan bo Zhuzi jia li, xuan jiang Tai zu sheng yu, shi Ming chao zai di fang tui xing de zui zhu yao de liang zhong she hui li jiao xing shi, xian shi chu li zhi shi zhong shi wang chao zheng zhi de yi ge he xin li nian he shou dao te bie qiang diao de she hui zhi li fang shi. Jia li shi wang chao zheng zhi wen hua de yi bu fen, Ming chao (...) wei le tui guang jia li, jian li qi duo qu dao, duo ceng ji de jia li chuan bo: ji you guan fang chang dao ye you min jian zi wei, ji you li shu, li tu deng wen ben xing shi, yi you shi ren shi fan, zhi dao deng fei wen ben xing shi. (shrink)

v. 1. Qian Sugeladi zhe xue yan jiu, Sugeladi ji qi zhe xue si xiang -- v. 2. Si, shi, shi.

v. 1. Qian Sugeladi zhe xue yan jiu, Sugeladi ji qi zhe xue si xiang -- v. 2. Si, shi, shi.

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) is an essential component of legal assistant systems, which aims to automatically predict judgment results from a given criminal fact description. As a vital subtask of LJP, researchers have paid little attention to the numerical LJP, i.e., the prediction of imprisonment and penalty. Existing methods ignore numerical information in the criminal facts, making their performances far from satisfactory. For instance, the amount of theft varies, as do the prison terms and penalties. The major challenge is how (...) the model can obtain the ability of numerical comparison and magnitude perception, e.g., 400 < 500 < 800, 500 is closer to 400 than to 800. To this end, we propose a judicial knowledge-enhanced magnitude-aware reasoning architecture, called NumLJP, for the numerical LJP task. Specifically, we first implement a contrastive learning-based judicial knowledge selector to distinguish confusing criminal cases efficiently. Unlike previous approaches that employ the law article as external knowledge, judicial knowledge is a quantitative guideline in real scenarios. It contains many numerals (called anchors) that can construct a reference frame. Then we design a masked numeral prediction task to help the model remember these anchors to acquire legal numerical commonsense from the selected judicial knowledge. We construct a scale-based numerical graph using the anchors and numerals in facts to perform magnitude-aware numerical reasoning. Finally, the representations of fact description, judicial knowledge, and numerals are fused to make decisions. We conduct extensive experiments on three real-world datasets and select several competitive baselines. The results demonstrate that the macro-F1 of NumLJP improves by at least 9.53% and 11.57% on the prediction of penalty and imprisonment, respectively. (shrink)

In Sahan et al ’s article,1 they present the ethical challenges faced by clinical laboratory scientists in genetic medicine, including labour allocation and responsibility, interpretation and accuracy of results with new technologies, and the need for better standardisation and ethical consistency. At the same time, they also propose a potential solution to the aforementioned challenges: ethical preparedness(EP). Along with their vivid case discussions and insightful analysis, I would like to propose two more points that are worth further examination and discussion (...) to aid stakeholders in better comprehending the ethical issues that clinical laboratory scientists face in the practice of genetic medicine. The case 1 reported by Sahan et al raises concerns about who should be responsible for tracking families or individuals with genetic results, particularly in the absence of mainstream services to track future risks. However, this should not be a factor influencing the decision to inform gene carriers. If there is a clear division of responsibilities in current practice, clinical laboratory scientists can report detected gene carriers without psychological burden. However, the decision to report gene carriers should be based on who is being served when clinical laboratory scientists face genetic problems in clinical practice and who is being considered when …. (shrink)

Drawing on risk mitigation theory, this article examines whether the improvement of firms’ social performance reduces debt financing costs (CDFs) in China, the world’s largest emerging market. Employing both the ordinary least square (OLS) and the two-stage instrumental variable regression methods, we find that improved corporate social responsibility (CSR) reduces the CDF when firms’ CSR investment is lower than an optimal level; however, this relationship is reversed after the CSR investment exceeds the optimal level. Firms with extremely low or extremely (...) high CSR are subject to a higher CDF. The results also suggest that the optimal CSR level for small firms is higher than that for large firms. This study is the first to document a U-shaped relationship between CSR and CDF and also the first to investigate this relationship within an emerging market context. (shrink)

本书包括:中西文化之“会通和合”;写在《中国审美意识的探讨》出版之际;学者的使命;“诗言志”小注等内容。.

Gradual degradation seems inevitable for non‐recombining sex chromosomes. This has been supported by the observation of degenerated non‐recombining sex chromosomes in a variety of species. The human Y chromosome has also degenerated significantly during its evolution, and theories have been advanced that the Y chromosome could disappear within the next ∼5 million years, if the degeneration rate it has experienced continues. However, recent studies suggest that this is unlikely. Conservative evolutionary forces such as strong purifying selection and intrachromosomal repair through (...) gene conversion balance the degeneration tendency of the Y chromosome and maintain its integrity after an initial period of faster degeneration. We discuss the evidence both for and against the extinction of the Y chromosome. We also discuss potential insights gained on the evolution of sex‐determining chromosomes by studying simpler sex‐determining chromosomal regions of unicellular and multicellular microorganisms. (shrink)

In this article, we examine the empirical association between firm value and CSR engagement for firms in sinful industries, such as tobacco, gambling, and alcohol, as well as industries involved with emerging environmental, social, or ethical issues, i.e., weapon, oil, cement, and biotech. We develop and test three hypotheses, the window-dressing hypothesis, the value-enhancement hypothesis, and the value-irrelevance hypothesis. Using an extesive US sample from 1995 to 2009, we find that CSR engagement of firms in controversial industries positively affects firm (...) value after controlling for various firm characteristics. To address the potential endogeneity problem, we further estimate a system of equations and change regression and continue to find a positive relation between CSR engagement and firm value. Our findings support the value-enhancement hypothesis and are consistent with the premise that the top management of US firms in controversial industries, in general, considers social responsibility important even though their products are harmful to human being, society, or environment. (shrink)

In Search of a New Institutional Structure for Chinese Civilization.

In Defense of Utilitarianism, C.L. Sheng provides a more intensive study of the Unified Utilitarian Theory , which he proposed in his previous work A New Approach to Utilitarianism . Sheng defends utilitarianism, particularly UUT, against the objections and attacks raised by nonutilitarians, showing it to be a viable ethical theory.