We propose a method to associate a coalitional interval game with each strategic game. The method is based on the lower and upper values of finite two-person zero-sum games. Associating with a strategic game a coalitional interval game we avoid having to take either a pessimistic or an optimistic approach to the problem. The paper makes two contributions to the literature: It provides a theoretical foundation for the study of coalitional interval games and it also provides, studies, and characterizes a (...) natural method of associating coalitional interval games with strategic games. (shrink)

We propose a method to associate a coalitional interval game with each strategic game. The method is based on the lower and upper values of finite two-person zero-sum games. Associating with a strategic game a coalitional interval game we avoid having to take either a pessimistic or an optimistic approach to the problem. The paper makes two contributions to the literature: It provides a theoretical foundation for the study of coalitional interval games and it also provides, studies, and characterizes a (...) natural method of associating coalitional interval games with strategic games. (shrink)

Este artículo se ocupa de la publicación de la Biblioteca Personal Jorge Luis Borges, su contexto dentro del auge de la llamada "cultura espectáculo", sus "precursores" fundamentales (Schwob, Machen, Plinio, Solino, Eliano) y la relación con autores contemporáneos, como el argentino Julio Cortázar o el mexicano Juan José Arreola. Asimismo, se comenta la particular recreación poética borgiana de algunos pasajes de Virgilio, como la hipálage del libro νι de la Eneida. El objetivo es comprender los mecanismos literarios de los que (...) se vale Borges como lector de los autores que ha elegido como "precursores". (shrink)

The given work analyses several aspects of the concept te’cnh in Plato´s philosophy. At the same time, it deals with his attempt of finding a type of behaviour which counts on the same features as arts and science, in other words, a behaviour based on rational principles that will enable us to act accurately and according to our principles. He followed the path of Socrates in the process of the search for such behaviour. The sophists were proud of teaching a (...) certain political science that, to Plato, is an exclusive property of the philosopher who is acquainted with the intelligible forms and makes use of the right calculation and measure. According to him, these two would be the undeniable components of what we may define as the good and happy life of an individual. (shrink)

The given work analyses several aspects of the concept te’cnh in Plato´s philosophy. At the same time, it deals with his attempt of finding a type of behaviour which counts on the same features as arts and science, in other words, a behaviour based on rational principles that will enable us to act accurately and according to our principles. He followed the path of Socrates in the process of the search for such behaviour. The sophists were proud of teaching a (...) certain political science that, to Plato, is an exclusive property of the philosopher who is acquainted with the intelligible forms and makes use of the right calculation and measure. According to him, these two would be the undeniable components of what we may define as the good and happy life of an individual.El presente estudio analiza algunos aspectos del concepto de te’cnh en la filosofía de Platón, así como el intento, siguiendo los pasos de su maestro, de encon- trar un tipo de conducta que posea las mismas características que las artes y ciencias, es decir, basado en principios racionales capaces de proporcionar fiabilidad y precisión a nuestras acciones. Los sofistas se preciaban de enseñar una ciencia política que, en opinión de Platón, es propiedad exclusiva del filósofo que conoce las Formas inteligibles y se sirve del cálculo y la medida, componentes indispensables de toda vida buena y feliz. (shrink)

El concepto de _physis_ y sus derivados aparecen cientos de veces en los diálogos de Platón. Dado el carácter poco sistemático de su autor y los muchos años que dedicó a la escritura filosófica, no debe sorprender la diversidad de sentidos en que emplea un término ya de por sí complejo y polisémico. Por otra parte, Platón recoge, sintetiza y reelabora algunas de las concepciones fundamentales de la _physis_, siendo de especial relevancia las de los filósofos pluralistas, interesándose por los (...) elementos constitutivos del mundo físico y tomando partido en la discusión en torno a su carácter, bien mecánico, bien teleológico. En este estudio se analiza tanto la asimilación platónica de la física presocrática, como la influencia ejercida en el planteamiento aristotélico, especialmente por lo que respecta a la causalidad final y al principio del movimiento. (shrink)

En este artículo se parte de la crítica de Feuerbach a la religión para recuperar el sentido humanista de dicha crítica, que más que una afirmación del ateísmo o una negación de la existencia de Dios es una defensa de la dignidad y de la libertad humana. A lo largo de este estudio se sitúa el pensamiento de Feuerbach más allá de la discusión entre el teísmo y el ateísmo, estableciendo un diálogo que deja a un lado las limitaciones de (...) esta dicotomía. En la Historia de la filosofía se ha insistido en la importancia del pensamiento de Feuerbach para la posterior filosofía de la sospecha, pero en este caso se recorre una vía menos explorada: su relación con el pensamiento dialógico y la religión del amor. (shrink)

This article begins with Feuerbach’s critique of religion in order to recover the humanist sense of such critique, which is more than an affirmation of atheism or a denial of God’s existence, it is a defense of dignity and freedom Human. Throughout this study Feuerbach’s thinking is placed beyond the discussion between atheism and theism, establishing a dialogue that set aside the limitations of this dichotomy. In the history of philosophy, the importance of Feuerbach’s thought for the later philosophy of (...) suspicion has been emphasized, but in this case a less explored path is followed: his relation to dialogical thinking and the religion of love. (shrink)

Fundamentación: el desarrollo de la cultura profesional docente colaborativo se sustenta en los postulados vigotskianos, donde se concibe al profesor como un sujeto comprometido con las demandas y exigencias de la sociedad. Objetivo: socializar las categorías de análisis que se deben tener en cuenta en un colectivo docente para el desarrollo de una cultura profesional colaborativa en el proceso de formación del profesional de la educación superior. Método: se realizó un estudio etnográfico en la Universidad José Martí Pérez, de Sancti (...) Spíritus, apoyada en la metodología cualitativa y un grupo de técnicas posibilitó la recogida de la información. Resultados: se obtuvieron las categorías de análisis que están estrechamente asociadas al deber ser de un docente universitario, portador de esta cultura. Conclusiones: a partir de la coincidencia de criterios sobre los aspectos teóricos y la reflexión colectiva emergieron elementos indispensables en un colectivo para lograr la cultura profesional docente colaborativa a la cual se aspira, elaborados al tener en cuenta su estructura de contenido y forma. Background: the development of collaborative professional teaching culture is based on Vigotskian statements, where the teacher is seen as an individual compromised with the demanding and needs of the society. Objective: Socialize the analytical categories that should be taken into consideration in a teaching staff for the development of collaborative professional teaching culture in the process formation of the professional of higher education. Method: an ethnographic study was carried out in the University José Marti Pérez, from Sancti Spiritus, based on a qualitative methodology and a group of techniques that make data collection possible. Results: The analytical categories obtained were closely linked to the requirements of a university teacher that has this culture. Conclusions: starting from common criteria about theoretical aspects and group reflection, vital elements emerged in the teaching staff to get the collaborative professional teaching culture that is needed, elaborated taking into account its structure of content and form. (shrink)

Diego de Pantoja (1571-1618), jesuita español, contribuyó decisivamente al desarrollo del _pinyin_, un método clave para el aprendizaje del chino. Su original contribución reside en el uso que hizo de partituras musicales para facilitar el correcto aprendizaje de los tonos chinos. A pesar de la importancia de su invención, este aspecto de la obra de Pantoja no ha podido ser claramente dilucidado hasta la fecha, tal vez debido a la escasez de fuentes históricas y a su deficiente interpretación. Nuestro estudio (...) analiza meticulosamente fuentes primarias de los periodos Ming y Qing para explorar e interpretar los perfiles básicos del método del _pinyin_ musical creado por Pantoja, y de su relevancia en la historia del diálogo intercultural Oriente-Occidente. (shrink)

Los objetivos de nuestro estudio se basarán en ahondar en que el verdadero prosumer ha conformado la personificación de la interactividad absoluta en la generación de mensajes, historias o cualquier otro tipo de contenidos. Por tanto, se subraya que no solo es trascendental para la eficacia de una narración la estructura y los ingredientes de ésta, sino también la manera en que se cuenta, el medio utilizado y la plataforma de visualización. También resulta relevante el sentido de la fragmentación de (...) la propia narración para el éxito de su hiperconectividad argumental y emocional. (shrink)

En este artículo se analizan las diferentes formas de ver la relación entre democracia y liberalismo que tienen Raymond Aron y Ortega y Gasset. Las perspectivas de cada uno respecto a esa relación se encuentran determinadas por el contexto socio-histórico en el que ambos formularon sus teorías. Ortega en los años 30 observa el peligro que corren las democracias liberales por el auge de los movimientos fascistas y bolchevique y ve una deriva de los Estados hacia el totalitarismo, lo que (...) le impulsa a formular una nueva idea de liberalismo. Aron se encuentra, después dela Segunda GuerraMundial, con un panorama geopolítico en el que dominan dos bloques ideológicamente antagónicos, EEUU yla URSS, que le servirán para presentar dos modelos de democracia, en el primero hay libertad de partidos y en el segundo hay un partido único. Para el autor francés, será el primero el que mejor va a cumplir el ideal democrático. (shrink)

RESUMEN La filosofia de Sócrates posee un carácter muy peculiar debido a la ausencia de doctrinas bien establecidas y a la inseparable vinculación entre vida y pensamiento. Por este motivo, el filosofar socrático debe entenderse unido a sus andanzas callejeras y a la revisión constante de cualquier planteamiento. Partiendo de esta hipótesis, el artículo pretende mostrar tanto la originalidad del pensamiento socrático y su concepción de la filosofía como la enorme influencia que ejerce en los textos de Platón, que emplean (...) de manera sutil esos extravíos y divagaciones con el propósito de enriquecer la conversación, de dotar de profundidad a las argumentaciones y de obligar al lector a recorrer ese mismo camino sinuoso que es el de la reflexión filosófica. Con ello, ambos pensadores muestran que la filosofía no es tanto un saber sino una actividad. ABSTRACT Socrates' philosophy has a very peculiar character due to the absence of well-established doctrines and the unbreakable bond between life and thought. For this reason, Socratic philosophy must be understood along with his street wanderings and the constant revision of any intellectual approach. Starting from this hypothesis, this paper aims to show both the originality of Socratic thought and his notion of philosophy, as well as the enormous influence he exerts on Plato, who subtly employs these wanderings and digressions in his texts to enrich the dialogue, providing depth to the arguments, and forcing the reader to travel that same winding road that is philosophical thought. Thus, both thinkers show that philosophy is not so much a kind of knowledge as it is an activity. (shrink)

This work aims to rescue, transcribe and create new artistic and cultural expressions through the use of native peoples’ historical visual recordings, integrating intelligent technologies. For this purpose, a Chilean native peoples’ digital repository is collected, in order to apply a Digital Humanities-based methodology. From the chosen material, portraits are selected, recoloured through a AI-based model; the facial mesh is constructed using a facial landmark detector; the points of the mesh are reconstructed by a Delaunay triangulation; to finally apply an (...) additive manufacturing process. Thus, these physical pieces allow to compare the native people’s own physiognomies, creating new cultural expressions. (shrink)

El profesor Sauca Cano parte en su trabajo de una premisa comúnmente admitida por la doctrina constitucionalista de nuestro país: la Constitución española de 1978 no recoge ninguna cláusula de intangibilidad material de carácter expreso. En el presente texto se intenta justificar, desde la óptica del derecho constitucional, por qué el artículo 2o. de la Constitución sí establece ese tipo de cláusula expresa cuando prescribe la condición indisoluble e indivisible del sujeto titular de la soberanía.

This paper analyzes the genderization of the difference between the beautiful and the sublime as it is stated in Kant's Observations on the feeling of the beautiful and the sublime. This difference is posed under the assumption of sexual difference, and not only a difference is stipulated but a hierarchization that places man in the sublime-rational pole above woman, located in the beautiful-sensitive pole, thus replicating an old metaphysical-androcentric tradition. From this initial proposal, the evolution of the same distinction is (...) analyzed, but in the context of the theory of aesthetic judgment raised in the Critique of judgement. The 1790 work, which continues to replicate the beautiful / sublime difference already operating in the 1764 essay, however, at the same time offers a theory of taste that places aesthetic judgment beyond the masculinist hierarchies of reason and understanding. The text proposes that explicit misogyny coexists in Kant's aesthetics with a theory of taste implicitly profitable for the deconstruction of the metaphysical dichotomies on which that misogyny is based. (shrink)

La inteligencia artificial transforma el derecho. No es solo un modo de facilitar la actividad jurídica. Tiene implicaciones epistemológicas y sociales. El derecho se reduce a datos y a cálculos. Prospera un jurista maquinal. Se empobrece la racionalidad jurídica. Se olvida que la clave del derecho no es el procesamiento de datos sino la creación de sentido.

En este trabajo se discute el método de las hipótesis que Platón emplea en la segunda parte del Parménides, el cual, según se dice en el propio diálogo, es una réplica del empleado por Zenón de Elea. La discusión es especialmente relevante porque la interpretación de la relación entre las hipótesis sobre lo Uno y el método zenoniano determina el modo en que se entiende el diálogo en su conjunto y las pretensiones del autor al redactarlo. Se pretende aquí demostrar (...) la semejanza entre los métodos de ambos filósofos y su utilidad en el filosofar platónico. (shrink)

This paper is located at the threshold between aesthetics and politics in order to interrogate the most recent works by Georges Didi-Huberman. It is argued that his “thinking of images” implies not only a politics of art, but also an art of politics, i. e., an aesthetic politics that lead us to the arena of actual political debate, showing not only the political implications of images but, much more decisively, the figural assumptions of politics. We discuss the main features of (...) this program, before showing the scope of montage as an aesthetic and political articulation of the common, and as the culmination of Didi-Huberman’s intervention. (shrink)

The study of corporate social responsibility has been the object of much research in recent decades, although there is a need to continue investigating its benefits as a marketing tool. In the current work we adopt a multi-dimensional perspective of social responsibility, and we carry out market research to determine the perceptions of users of mobile telephone services about economic, legal, ethical and social aspects of their operating companies. With these data we determine the structure and components of the concept (...) of social responsibility. Subsequently, this is related with the overall evaluation of the service and loyalty by means of a model of structural equations, in order to determine the influence of corporate social responsibility on these concepts, and hence its benefits as a commercial tool. (shrink)

Los tropos presentados por los escépticos antiguos constituyen un punto de referencia para todo aquel que pretenda demostrar, alcanzar alguna verdad o justificar alguna creencia. Por ello, este artículo analiza las objeciones de los filósofos escépticos posteriores a Enesidemo y anteriores a Sexto Empírico, que generalmente se atribuyen a Agripa y que suponen un cuestionamiento de los fundamentos del conocimiento mismo y de los procedimientos que han de emplearse para cualquier demostración o justificación. Asimismo, intentaremos mostrar algunas de las soluciones (...) posibles, especialmente las planteadas varios siglos antes por Aristóteles. (shrink)

El presente estudio analiza algunos aspectos del concepto de tecnh en la filosofía de Platón, así como el intento, siguiendo los pasos de su maestro, de encontrar un tipo de conducta que posea las mismas características que las artes y ciencias, es decir, basado en principios racionales capaces de proporcionar fiabilidad y precisión a nuestras acciones. Los sofistas se preciaban de enseñar una ciencia política que, en opinión de Platón, es propiedad exclusiva del filósofo que conoce las Formas inteligibles y (...) se sirve del cálculo y la medida, componentes indispensables de toda vida buena y feliz. (shrink)

This article explores the connections between the construct of sexism and other sociodemographic and attitudinal variables, such as internalized homonegativity and heteronormative resistances, among psychology students. Both unrefined and inferential analyses were used with a representative sample of 841 psychology students from public universities in Madrid. Results showed higher levels of sexism, internalized homonegativity and low resistances to heteronormativity among groups of men, heterosexuals and conservatives. Interactions were found that showed a higher degree of hostile sexism in: heterosexual people with (...) respect to LGB and heterosexual men with respect to heterosexual women. Also, interactions were found to show a greater degree of heteronormative resistance in: LGB people with respect to heterosexuals and left-wing women with respect to right-wing women. Correlations with sexism varied according to gender identity and sexual orientation. In addition, heteronormative resistances correlated negatively with sexism, while some components of internalized homonegativity correlated positively. Political affiliation was the most frequent predictor of sexism. The results highlight the need for an intersectional approach to understanding the phenomenon of sexism. (shrink)

La atención al problema de la circulación internacional de las ideas se ha transformado en uno de los rasgos característicos de la renovación de la historia intelectual en los últimos años. La cuestión viene siendo abordada desde distintas perspectivas teóricas que han enriquecido las herramientas metodológicas del campo. Sin embargo, el problema de la "recepción" ha sido un interrogante persistente en culturas como las latinoamericanas que, por su condición "periférica", han enfrentado la experiencia de la traslación de sentidos desde su (...) propia emergencia. Resulta entonces pertinente enriquecer aquellos debates con las sugerencias que desde hace años viene aportando el ensayismo latinoamericano sobre la cuestión. Se abordan aquí distintos autores y discusiones que condensan con especial riqueza las múltiples aristas del problema. Los diferentes casos tratados contribuyen a delinear una concepción eminentemente activa de la recepción como reconfiguración permanente de sentidos, en el marco de una visión no esencialista de la cultura.The question of the international circulation of ideas has become one of the main problems of the intellectual history's renewal in the last years. The matter has been tackled from different theoretical perspectives that had enriched the field's methodological tools. However, the problem of "reception" has been a persistent question in Latin American cultures. Because of its "peripheral" condition, they have faced the experience of translating different meanings since their own emergence. Therefore, it is relevant to enrich those methodological discussions with the suggestions about the topic that have developed for some time in Latin American essays. This paper deals with several authors and discussions that condense the many aspects of this problem. The different cases discussed contribute to outline an active conception of reception as a continuous reconfiguration of meanings, within the framework of a not esencialist conception of culture. (shrink)

Sport is an emotional experience. Studies have shown that high emotional intelligence (EI) is associated with better sports performance, though different aspects of sports experience and their relationship with EI are still unclear. This study examined the possible relationships between sports experience and EI dimensions of undergraduate athletes. Likewise, according to the differences described in the literature between men and women, the secondary aim was to identify the possible relationship between EI and sports experience in both subgroups. A total of (...) 1784 [712 men (39.9%), 1072 women (60.1%); mean age = 21.3 years, SD = 4.2)] undergraduate athletes completed the Trait Meta Mood Scale and a sports experience questionnaire. Comparisons between groups were performed using Mann–Whitney-Uand H-Kruskal–Wallis tests and correlations between variables were analyzed using Spearman correlation. We found that the number of different sports practiced and the number of years practicing sports were positively associated with emotional repair (ER). However, the number of years practicing sports was negatively associated with emotional attention (EA). Male athletes who trained more and had a higher competitive level were more likely to show higher ER. In any case, it is necessary to take into account that all the associations were weak. Our study suggested that athletes tend to attend to and value their feelings and use positive thinking to repair their negative moods. (shrink)

The objective of this research is to develop accurate forecasting models for chlorophyll-α concentrations at various depths in El Mar Menor, Spain. Chlorophyll-α plays a crucial role in assessing eutrophication in this vulnerable ecosystem. To achieve this objective, various deep learning forecasting techniques, including long short-term memory, bidirectional long short-term memory and gated recurrent uni networks, were utilized. The models were designed to forecast the chlorophyll-α levels with a 2-week prediction horizon. To enhance the models’ accuracy, a sliding window method (...) combined with a blocked cross-validation procedure for time series was also applied to these techniques. Two input strategies were also tested in this approach: using only chlorophyll-α time series and incorporating exogenous variables. The proposed approach significantly improved the accuracy of the predictive models, no matter the forecasting technique employed. Results were remarkable, with |$\overline{\sigma}$| values reaching approximately 0.90 for the 0.5-m depth level and 0.80 for deeper levels. The proposed forecasting models and methodologies have great potential for predicting eutrophication episodes and acting as decision-making tools for environmental agencies. Accurate prediction of eutrophication episodes through these models could allow for proactive measures to be implemented, resulting in improved environmental management and the preservation of the ecosystem. (shrink)

Resumen: El título de Niebla, acaso el relato más importante de toda la obra de Unamuno, sugiere las ideas de confusión, indefinición e imprecisión. Lo contrario de lo que se busca en el ámbito intelectual, aunque caracteres esenciales en toda vida humana. Tomando estas coordenadas como punto de partida, nuestro propósito es relacionar la nebulosa vida de Augusto Pérez, sus acciones y circunstancias, en apariencia azarosas e impredecibles, con la concepción de Schopenhauer en torno a la Voluntad, el querer y (...) el carácter humano. Esto nos permitirá conciliar, o confundir, la libertad con el determinismo y la realidad con la ficción, incurriendo en contradicción, si es preciso, para sugerir que quizá la vida de Augusto, como la nuestra, no sea otra cosa que el despliegue temporal de un eterno e inquebrantable anhelo.: Mist, perhaps the most important of all of Unamuno’s works, suggests ideas of confusion, uncertainty and imprecision; the opposite of what is desired in intellectual spheres, but essential features in every human life. Taking these coordinates as a starting point, the aim of this study is to link the nebulous life of Augusto Pérez, his apparently random and unpredictable actions and circumstances, to Schopenhauer’s conception of Will, desire and human character. This will allow this study to bring together, or confuse, freedom with determinism and reality with fiction. If necessary, we will incur in the contradiction of suggesting that Augusto’s life, much like ours, may just be the temporary display of an eternal and unbreakable fervor. (shrink)