In this paper, we will explain and analyse a phenomenological distinction between two kinds of actions. The distinction we have in mind is the difference between those actions that actors try, or are satisfied, to carry out, in like situations, ‘in the same way’, and all other actions. We call the first kind ‘mimeomorphic actions’ and the second kind ‘polimorphic actions’. We will define these two kinds of actions, and their species, on the basis of their characteristic intentions and experiences, (...) and thus our inquiry falls broadly into the phenomenology of action. The latter has been defined by D. W. Smith as the “description of the experience of acting, or doing something”. (shrink)

This article proposes a new acrostic (SAPI) and telestic (SOIS) at Laus Pisonis 227–30. Their position opposite one another is an indication that they are to be read as a single sentence and an admonition to both dedicatee and reader that poet and patron need each other to gain eternal fame. The telestic allows us to reconstruct the poet's usus scribendi of the reflexive possessive pronoun suus.

The Greek word afi≈n has a wide-ranging meaning as well as a wideranging history: it is most commonly translated as ‘eternity’ but has as its first meaning ‘life’ or ‘lifetime’; it has its place in Greek literature and philosophy, but also in the Greek Bible, where it represents the Hebrew word ‘olâm. In this article I intend to sketch the history of the meaning and interpretation of aiôn from the word’s first attestation in Homer up until the beginning of the (...) Christian era. The expanded version of this study was defended as a doctoral dissertation, entitled Life Time Entirety: A Study of AIVN in Greek Literature and Philosophy, the Septuagint and Philo, on 7 September 1999 at the University of Amsterdam. (shrink)

Argues that Americans must improve their understanding of probability and logic.

Die Möglichkeit, Walter Benjamins Allegorie-Begriff in akademischen Untersuchungen mit der Prosa Jean Pauls in Verbindung zu bringen, wurde von Benjamin noch selbst abgewogen: in der Rezension einer frühen Abhandlung zu diesem Thema, die er für zu kurz gegriffen befand. Ein solches Vorhaben, das beste Chancen böte, dürfe sich nämlich nicht auf literaturwissenschaftliche und geistesgeschichtliche Perspektiven beschränken. Notwendig sei vielmehr, auch die Dimension der Alltagskultur einzubeziehen und Jean Pauls Hinabgreifen in Tiefen des Volkstums und der Tradition zu berücksichtigen. Diesem Hinweis Benjamins (...) folgt die vorliegende Untersuchung. Indem sie sich auf den Bereich der materiellen Kultur konzentriert, legt sie eine Geschichte der Theorie der Dingwelt offen. Jean Pauls ästhetische Überlegungen zur projektiven Belehnung der Dingwelt mit seelischen Regungen wurden von Aby Warburg aufgegriffen und für seine kulturwissenschaftliche Methode fruchtbar gemacht. Dabei erschliesst er unter anderem einen Traditionsstrang des Denkens von materieller Kultur im ästhetischen und kultur anthropologischen Kontext, der geprägt ist von aus der Antike herrührenden abergläubischen Vorstellungen über die Einflüsse der Planeten auf die menschliche Geistesverfassung wie etwa die Saturnfürchtigkeit. (shrink)

Die Idee zu der in diesem Band dokumentierten Tagung ist im Rahmen des disziplinübergreifenden Nachwuchswissenschaftsnetzwerkes THESIS entstanden. Der Dialog über die fachlichen und disziplinären Grenzen hinweg hat bei THESIS seit dessen Gründung im Jahre 1990 stets einen großen Raum eingenommen. Anderen Fächern Respekt und Interesse entgegenzubringen und sich nicht von stereotypen Vorurteilen leiten zu lassen, ist konstitutiver Bestandteil im Selbstverständnis des Netzwerkes. Selbstverständlich gibt es in einem solchen Verbund eine Reihe von Gelegenheiten (darunter auch den einen oder anderen entwicklungsfördernden Konflikt), (...) das eigene Bild vom Anderen und das andere Bild vom Eigenen zur Sprache zu bringen und zu hinterfragen. Auf der Basis dieser bestehenden Kommunikationsstrukturen trafen sich am 11. Oktober 2003 in Göttingen 12 junge Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler zwischen, über und auch auf den Grenzen ihrer eigenen Herkunftsdisziplinen, um den Trendbegriff [alpha]Transdisziplinarität" auf seine Substanz zu prüfen. (shrink)

Next SectionEvidence based medicine is rightly at the core of current medicine. If patients and society put trust in medical professional competency, and on the basis of that competency delegate all kinds of responsibilities to the medical profession, medical professionals had better make sure their competency is state of the art medical science. What goes for the ethics of clinical trials goes for the ethics of medicine as a whole: anything that is scientifically doubtful is, other things being equal, ethically (...) unacceptable. This particularly applies to so called orphaned fields of medicine, those areas where medical research is weak and diverse, where financial incentives are lacking, and where the evidence regarding the aetiology and treatment of disease is much less clear than in laboratory and hospital based medicine. Examples of such orphaned fields are physiotherapy, psychotherapy, medical psychology, and occupational health, which investigate complex syndromes such as RSI, whiplash, chronic low back pain, and chronic fatigue syndrome. It appears that the primary ethical problem in this context is the lack of attention to the orphaned fields. Although we agree that this issue deserves more attention as a matter of potential injustice, we want to argue that, in order to do justice to the interplay of heterogeneous factors that is so typical of the orphaned fields, other ethical models than justice are required. We propose the coordination model as a window through which to view the important ethical issues which relate to the communication and interaction of scientists, health care workers, and patients. (shrink)

Studie over het theologische en filosofische gedachtengoed van de franciscaanse scholasticus (ca. 1265-1308).

This article explores nation building as an organizational accomplishment and uses the concept of boundary object to explain how the groups that compose the nation cooperate. Specifically, the article examines the mechanisms devised to secure a flow of money from the Irish-American and Jewish-American diasporas to their respective homelands. To overcome problems associated with conventional philanthropy, Irish and Jewish nationalists issued bonds and sold them to their American compatriots as a hybrid of a gift and an investment. In the Irish (...) case, disagreements about the entitlement to the proceeds resulted in the termination of the bond project. In the Jewish case, the bond served as a boundary object allowing American and Israeli Jews to cooperate despite ongoing tensions. The Israeli bond provided Jewish-Americans with an additional way to invest themselves financially and emotionally in Israel. This bond is an example of a socio-technical mechanism used to create national attachments. (shrink)

This book argues that Protestant theological ethics not only reveals basic virtue ethical characteristics, but also contributes significantly to a viable contemporary virtue ethics. Pieter Vos demonstrates that post-Reformation theological ethics still understands the good in terms of the good life, takes virtues as necessary for living the good life and considers human nature as a source of moral knowledge. Vos approaches Protestant theology as an important bridge between pre-modern virtue ethics, shaped by Aristotle and transformed by Augustine of Hippo, (...) and late modern understandings of morality. The volume covers a range of topics, going from eudaimonism and Calvinist ethics to Reformed scholastic virtue ethics and character formation in the work of Søren Kierkegaard. The author shows how Protestantism has articulated other-centered virtues from a theology of grace, affirmed ordinary life and emphasized the need of transformation of this life and its orders. Engaging with philosophy of the art of living, Neo-Aristotelianism and exemplarist ethics, he develops constructive contributions to a contemporary virtue ethics. (shrink)

Welche - nicht nur philosophischen - Konzeptionen des Rationalen gibt es? Wie manifestiert und determiniert die Rationalität die soziale Praxis? Wie ist unser alltägliches Handeln in Rationalitätsstrukturen eingebettet und lässt sie sich auf andere Bereiche wie Religion, Kunst, Alltagssprache oder Mythos anwenden? Auf wie viel Irrationalität beruht das, was wir heute als wahr akzeptieren? Und wie ist das Wechselverhältnis zwischen Rationalität und menschlichen Emotionen? Was steckt hinter der oft als «neutral» ausgewiesenen Rationalität, welche Interessen, Akteure, sozial-historischen Strukturen, welche Bedingungen und (...) Voraussetzungen hat Rationalität? Wie gehen wir mit einem Pluralismus verschiedener Rationalitäten um? Diese Fragen versucht das 2. Symposium der philosophischen akademie mit Vortragenden unterschiedlicher kultur-, sozial- und geisteswissenschaftlicher Disziplinen zu beantworten. (shrink)

Welche - nicht nur philosophischen - Konzeptionen des Rationalen gibt es? Wie manifestiert und determiniert die Rationalität die soziale Praxis? Wie ist unser alltägliches Handeln in Rationalitätsstrukturen eingebettet und lässt sie sich auf andere Bereiche wie Religion, Kunst, Alltagssprache oder Mythos anwenden? Auf wie viel Irrationalität beruht das, was wir heute als wahr akzeptieren? Und wie ist das Wechselverhältnis zwischen Rationalität und menschlichen Emotionen? Was steckt hinter der oft als «neutral» ausgewiesenen Rationalität, welche Interessen, Akteure, sozial-historischen Strukturen, welche Bedingungen und (...) Voraussetzungen hat Rationalität? Wie gehen wir mit einem Pluralismus verschiedener Rationalitäten um? Diese Fragen versucht das 2. Symposium der philosophischen akademie mit Vortragenden unterschiedlicher kultur-, sozial- und geisteswissenschaftlicher Disziplinen zu beantworten. (shrink)

The great leader Heydar Aliyev at both stages of his political leadership through his titanic activity proved that he is the patron of science and education in Azerbaijan. Independent Azerbaijan and its achievements in the field of science and education are the crowning achievement of the great leader. Heydar Aliyev, whose life and work are an example for history and for the people, always paid special attention to the development of science and education and took care of these areas as (...) a priority policy of the state. Although science and education are two independent fields of development, it is impossible to isolate one from the other, and from this point of view, the problems of science and education should be approached comprehensively - as both areas are part of the overall state policy and are of a strategic nature, their integration is inevitable. The national leader repeatedly emphasized that the future of each nation depends on the development of its science and education, and also considered the development of science and education one of the important conditions for the development of an independent state. Against the background of the integration of independent Azerbaijan into the world community, the need to integrate Azerbaijani science and education into world science and education was one of the main priorities in the activities of the world famous politician. To destroy a nation, it is enough to destroy its science and education - in this context, Heydar Aliyev saved the Azerbaijani people from destruction - he repeatedly mentioned that any progress depends on the development of science and education. Having chosen the path of integration into secular education, Azerbaijan paid special attention to this strategic area as one of the important factors of national security after the restoration of independence. (shrink)

The ideas of prominent statesmen and politicians who served to preserve and transmit the traditions of statehood to future generations are always relevant. The ideas of Heydar Aliyev, who occupied an invaluable place in the history of the construction and national development of the Republic of Azerbaijan, who was awarded the high title of national leader by the people, put forward new calls for peace and cooperation in the post-conflict period. The 30-year period that has passed since the restoration of (...) state independence has once again confirmed that the brilliant victory of the Azerbaijani Army in the 44-day Patriotic War is based on the ideas and political ideology of Heydar Aliyev. In the more than two years that have passed since the war, the Republic of Azerbaijan has strengthened its policy at the regional and international levels, and has somewhat increased its socio-economic potential in security conditions. The policy pursued by President Ilham Aliyev, who is currently contributing to the sustainable development of the Azerbaijani state, aimed at protecting the national interests of the Republic as the victorious Supreme Commander, attracts the attention of international organizations and states interested in recognizing the country and cooperating with it. It is the post-conflict period of the country's leadership by President Ilham Aliyev, who, adhering to the ideas of the statehood of Heydar Aliyev, with great pride and honor represents Azerbaijan in the international arena, can be considered an era of revival, logical sequence of ideas and wise policy of the national leader. The achievement of cooperation and development on such a delicate topic as migration, as in all spheres of life in the republic, manifests itself in a short period of time after the war and requires a scientific and theoretical approach to research. The ideas of Heydar Aliyev played an exceptional role in preventing acute emigration, especially intellectual, observed in Azerbaijan in the 1990s. During the reign of Heydar Aliyev, the legal framework of migration legislation was formed in the republic and new documents were consistently signed, as a result of which an independent migration policy of the independent state emerged. The ideas of Heydar Aliyev, which since 1993 formed the basis for the gradual liberation of the country from the socio-economic blockade and attracting international investments to the republic, as well as the reconstruction of industrial enterprises, the launch of factories and plants, the creation of new jobs, progressive steps in education and science, gave rise to national development. In the academic research work, the state programs implemented in the post-conflict period of Heydar Aliyev's ideas, the significant impact of giant projects on labor migration, the positive dynamics observed in the field of migration management in the country were studied, the relevance of the topic was brought to attention, the factual materials used were analyzed and the scientific results obtained were listed. (shrink)