Résumé Sans négliger les autres documents pertinents dans un tour d’horizon final et comparatif, cette étude s’efforce de dépeindre l’enseignement universitaire de la philosophie tel qu’il se reflète dans le miroir des textes didascaliques artiens de Paris jusqu’au mitan du xiiie siècle, tout en fournissant en annexe un premier répertoire, encore partiel, de ce corpus, avec ses éditions et ses traductions. Malgré son caractère généralement pratique et institutionnel, certains de ses éléments théoriques — comme la mise en relief (...) de la liaison intime, trame sapientielle de ces écrits de maîtres ès arts, entre théologie cosmique et éthique philosophique — permettent d’espérer que cet article apporte une véritable contribution à l’Histoire de la philosophie.Without neglecting the other relevant documents in a final comparative survey, this study tries to depict the university teaching of philosophy as reflected in the mirror of the Parisian didascalical texts of the Arts Faculty during the first half of the thirteenth century, while giving in appendix a first repertory, still partial, of this corpus, with its editions and translations. Notwithstanding its generally practical and institutional character, some of its theoretical elements — such as the highlighting of the close relationship between cosmical theology and ethical philosophy, a sapiential thread in those arts masters writings — it is hoped that this article may prove a genuine contribution to the History of philosophy. (shrink)

Dans le Roman de Silence (XIIIe siècle), le comte de Cornouailles fait passer sa fille Silence pour un garçon afin de préserver son droit d’héritage. Heldris de Cornouailles, l’auteur de cet ouvrage, explore les jeux linguistiques et les possibles romanesques générés par cette transgression de l’identité sexuelle (quiproquos allant jusqu’à une scène de séduction, inspirée du topos de la femme de Putiphar, qui confronte virtuellement l’héroïne à l’homosexualité féminine).

Alors que l'enseignement de la theologie s'organise dans l'universite naissante, les premiers maitres de cette discipline s'interrogent sur son statut noetique.Il ne s'agit pas seulement d'en faire une science comparable aux autres sciences aristoteliciennes, mais de s'interroger sur les capacites de l'intelligence humaine a connaitre Dieu a l'aide de la raison naturelle, de la Revelation, voire d'une lumiere plus specifique. Les premiers maitres ont des preoccupations communes, speculatives et pedagogiques concernant leur discipline naissante et il est interessant de voir naitre (...) alors les grandes tendances interpretatives de leur anthropologie generalement implicite. Mais la question demeure de penser ensemble la possibilite d'une connaissance de Dieu imparfaite ici-bas et sa vision beatifique dans l'au-dela. (shrink)

Dans le Roman de Silence (XIIIe siècle), le comte de Cornouailles fait passer sa fille Silence pour un garçon afin de préserver son droit d’héritage. Heldris de Cornouailles, l’auteur de cet ouvrage, explore les jeux linguistiques et les possibles romanesques générés par cette transgression de l’identité sexuelle (quiproquos allant jusqu’à une scène de séduction, inspirée du topos de la femme de Putiphar, qui confronte virtuellement l’héroïne à l’homosexualité féminine).

In this second revised edition of his now classic history of thirteenth-century philosophy, the late Canon Van Steenberghen has given philosophers and historians of philosophy a masterful restatement of his fundamental outlook on thirteenth-century philosophy. Drawing upon the research of a lifetime and fully cognizant of recent contributions to the field, Van Steenberghen defends in a combative and engaging style the soundness of his interpretations and his historical categorizations, while tracing the development of thirteenth-century thought in a series of chapters (...) devoted to its chief figures and movements. Although one may question his method of organizing parts of thirteenth-century philosophy or his reading of a given philosophical author or movement, the erudition of the author, prominently displayed in his command of the primary and secondary literature bearing on each topic treated, is probably unmatched by any living historian of medieval philosophy. (shrink)

La première édition, accompagnée d’une traduction française annotée, du témoignage des Communia logice sur l’abstraction, en fait la double abstraction, et la séparation - un thème philosophique dans la mouvance de Métaphysique, E, 1 notoirement présent, on l’a vu, à la même époque chez Thomas d’Aquin - est ici précédée d’une étude d’histoire littéraire et doctrinale de cette compilation exégétique de questions sur la logique contenue dans un manuscrit ayant appartenu à Pierre de Limoges, maître à la Faculté des arts (...) de l’Université de Paris au plus tard en 1260-1261 et peut-être responsable de l’insertion inattendue ainsi que de la structuration par amalgame dudit témoignage, en forme de débat sur le sujet des sciences mathématiques, dans le commentaire sur le prédicament de la quantité dans les Catégories. (shrink)

This excellent book provides a novel analysis of medieval theories of faith, using as its conceptual basis the notion of doxastic voluntarism: the thought that belief is in some sense in our power to choose. This notion fits very neatly with medieval accounts, since, other than in cases in which the intellect's assent is compelled, the medieval philosophers all maintained that assent to a given proposition—paradigmatically the supernatural claims of Catholic Christianity, the principal interest of the earliest thinkers in Nicolas (...) Faucher's account—was in some sense voluntary. Indeed, one thing that the book illustrates very nicely is the way in which problems that begin in the... (shrink)

Gilles de Corbeil figures as the initiator of the scientific teaching of medicine in Paris at a time when medicina became physica. He studied medicine at the famous school of Salerno, and his teaching was based upon Salernitan theories and practice. He showed himself very concerned with teaching methods and attached great importance to memorizing. This explains why he composed medical poetry so as to provide a mnemonic aid for his students. As a teacher, he took care of his students' (...) reading, offering them advise. He insisted on the importance of a personal relationship between teacher and student, evoking his own relationship with his Salernitan masters, but repeatedly criticized the students of his time. (shrink)

Glazed pottery from Nauplion and Argos (AD 12th-13th centuries): preliminary observations The regions of Argos and Nauplion were indissolubly connected in the Byzantine period and afterwards. This study attempts to examine, through the study of the glazed wares, whether the close ties between the two cities during the 12th and 13th centuries are also reflected in the pottery. Many categories of glazed wares (pottery with incised decoration, "Measles Ware", "Zeuxippus Ware", slip-painted ware, Brown and Green painted Ware, Glaze Painted Ware, (...) "Proto-Maiolica", Italian polychrome ware of the RMR type, "Archaic Maiolica") are presented, comparing the evidence of Argos and Akronauplia. These comparisons lead to comments indicating that whereas, during the 12th century, the two sites had contacts with other regions of the Peloponnese and the eastern Mediterranean, due to historical changes during the 13th century there developped the importation of pottery from various regions of Italy. (shrink)

La querelle sugli universali si presenta come un dibattito prevalentemente ontologico che rimette in gioco l'idea stessa di sostanza ed è un realismo ontologico che non mette per forza in discussione ogni cosa, ma contempla tutta la realtà delle specie e dei generi naturali della sostanza. Gli uomini sono legati tra di loro per convenientia e questo come una semplice similitudine essenziale tra di loro e le loro essenze individuali, secondo la linea espressa da Giovanni di Pietro Olivi , Riccardo (...) di Mediavilla , Vitale di Four , o come parte di una realtà comune, come espresso dall'altra linea rappresentata da Matteo d'Acquasparta . Anche se la loro posizione può essere definita concettualista, la loro teoria della conoscenza è ontologicamente neutra, dal momento che la ragione non consente di stabilire precisamente la natura dell'universale. (shrink)

Dans son histoire, la philosophie a traversé des périodes de grande effervescence. Le milieu du XIIIe siècle en Europe est une de ces périodes: ayant désormais accès à la plupart des textes grecs et arabes en traduction latine, les philosophes de cette époque se sont livrés à un travail d’acculturation intense. Encore empreints de l’enseignement philosophique dispensé sur le modèle des sept arts libéraux, ils ont petit à petit intégré le corpus péripatéticien dans un cadre institutionnel en voie (...) de constitution, le cadre universitaire et, plus particulièrement, au sein de la Faculté des arts. (shrink)