Since the Enlightenment, a common assumption in much of Western philosophy has been that religious belief would decline. Yet this has not occurred. Religion's tenacity can be partly explained by considering it as a story. The fact that stories play a central role in human experience may help to explain why religion continues to appeal to so many in a supposedly technologically-advanced, secular age.

In an essay published in the May 2003 issue of Atlantic Monthly, Jonathan Rauch describes a phenomenon he refers to as ‘apatheism’ which he defines as “… a disinclination to care all that much about one’s own religion, and an even stronger disinclination to care about other people’s [religion]…” The phenomenon thatRauch describes seems to refer not to an epistemological state but rather to a normative way of being in the world. It also appears to be linked in some important (...) ways to the rise of secularization. In fact, many cultural observers and philosophers have noted the increasing secularization of society, particularly Western society, and the corresponding decline in religious belief. In this paper I will attempt to place apatheism in the larger context of philosophy of religion. Inaddition, I will outline the connections between apatheism as described by Rauch and the work of Slavoj Zizek as well as the analysis of truth and bullshit offered by the Princeton philosopher Harry Frankfurt. (shrink)

Since the Enlightenment, a common assumption in much of Western philosophy has been that religious belief would decline. Yet this has not occurred. Religion's tenacity can be partly explained by considering it as a story. The fact that stories play a central role in human experience may help to explain why religion continues to appeal to so many in a supposedly technologically-advanced, secular age.

We analyzed stable patients’ views regarding synthetic biology in general, the medical application of synthetic biology, and their potential participation in trials of synthetic biology in particular. The aim of the study was to find out whether patients’ views and preferences change after receiving more detailed information about synthetic biology and its clinical applications. The qualitative study was carried out with a purposive sample of 36 stable patients, who suffered from diabetes or gout. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, translated and fully (...) anonymized. Thematic analysis was applied in order to examine stable patients’ attitudes towards synthetic biology, its medical application, and their participation in trials. When patients were asked about synthetic biology in general, most of them were anxious that something uncontrollable could be created. After a concrete example of possible future treatment options, patients started to see synthetic biology in a more positive way. Our study constitutes an important first empirical insight into stable patients’ views on synthetic biology and into the kind of fears triggered by the term “synthetic biology.” Our results show that clear and concrete information can change patients’ initial negative feelings towards synthetic biology. Information should thus be transmitted with great accuracy and transparency in order to reduce irrational fears of patients and to minimize the risk that researchers present facts too positively for the purposes of persuading patients to participate in clinical trials. Potential participants need to be adequately informed in order to be able to autonomously decide whether to participate in human subject research involving synthetic biology. (shrink)

Iz antropoloških stavki Jaspersove filozofije egzistencije: egzistencija – čovjekova mogućnost i čovjek – moguća egzistencija, iščitava se njegov stav prema filozofskoj antropologiji. Naime, po mogućnosti je čovjek otvorena egzistencijalna stvarnost »suprotstavljena « svim pokušajima stvaranja zatvorene slike o njemu. Čovjekova je sloboda njegov do kraja neotkriveni bitak po kojemu on ne može biti predmet istraživanja. S obzirom na to da Jaspers svojom filozofijom egzistencije odbija mogućnost postizanja cjelovitog i zaokruženog znanja o čovjeku i njegovu bitku, kao i mogućnost postuliranja posebnog (...) aspekta o čovjeku i fiksiranje spozanje o njemu, njegova je filozofija svojevrsna kritika filozofske antropologije, odnosno antropološke teorije cjeline.Aus den anthropologischen Grundsätzen der Jaspers Existenzphilosophie: Existenz – die Möglichkeit des Menschen und der Mensch – mögliche Existenz, lässt sich seine Stellung zu der philosophischen Anthropologie ablesen. Nämlich, nach seinen Möglichkeiten ist der Mensch eine offene existentielle Wirklichkeit, die sich allen Versuchen „widersetzt“, ein geschlossenes Bild über ihn zu erstellen. Die Freiheit des Menschen ist sein nie zu Ende entdecktes Sein, nach dem er kein Untersuchungsgegenstand sein kann. Da Jaspers mit seiner Existenzphilosophie jede Möglichkeit ablehnt, ein umfassendes und abgerundetes Wissen über den Menschen und sein Dasein zu erlangen, wie auch die Möglichkeit, einen Sonderaspekt des Menschen zu postulieren und die Menschenkenntnisse zu fixieren, ist seine Philosophie eine eigenartige Kritik der philosophischen Anthropologie, beziehungsweise der antropologischen Ganzheitstheorie. (shrink)

The COVID-19 pandemic has had unprecedented effects on our daily lives. This study aimed to assess the quality of life at two time points during the COVID-19 pandemic with lockdown restrictions according to gender, age, and urbanization level. Qualtrics® recruited representative Austrian population samples in April 2020 and December 2020/January 2021. ANOVAs and the Bonferroni-corrected post-hoc tests were conducted to investigate differences between April and December 2020 and to compare with pre-pandemic data. Although the quality of life changed from pre-pandemic (...) to April 2020, there were no significant changes between April and December. Living location, gender, and age showed an effect on the quality of life. All domains of quality of life have decreased since the onset of the pandemic, and this decline has been maintained over the course of the first year of the pandemic. Creative measures should be implemented to assist people in improving one or more areas of quality of life, within the lockdown restrictions to improve the overall wellbeing of the population. (shrink)

Der Autor ist davon überzeugt, dass der Schlüssel des Heideggerschen kritischen Verhältnisses zur Philosophie Hegels in der Interpretation des Zeitproblems liegt. Deswegen nimmt er eine Analyse der Grundlinien von Heideggers Kritik des Hegelschen Zeitbegriffs vor, wobei er der Ansicht ist, dass diese Kritik sowohl im Hinblick auf ihren Ausgangspunkt als auch auf konkrete Analysen entsprechender Stellen aus Hegels Werk problematisch ist. Das Problematische der Heideggerschen kritischen Einstellung, von der er ausgeht, besteht in seiner Intention, einen Zusammenhang zwischen dem Geist und (...) der Zeit zu finden. Mit einer solchen Aufgabenstellung verfehlt man jedoch die Essenz der Hegelschen Philosophie. (shrink)

Analiza Hegelovog djela "Filozofija prava", posebno Uvoda , otvara temeljnu mogućnost da mišljenje modernog praksisa i zasnivanje filozofije praktičkog zadobije punu filozofsku legitimaciju iz cjelovitog koncepta fenomenologije ljudske volje. Polazimo od uvjerenja da je kod Hegela na djelu nacrt svojevrsne povijesti iskustva postojanja ljudske volje. Hegelovo razvijanje stava o povijesnosti volje, koja se odvija kroz povijesno napeti odnos forme i sadržaja volje, kroz evoluciju forme volje u momentima općosti, posebnosti i pojedinačnosti, napokon kroz diferenciju principa blaženstva i principa slobode, daje (...) filozofski legitimnu osnovu za razumijevanje i utemeljenje modernog stava pluralizma kao praktičko-filozofskog, etičko-filozofskog, svjetonazorskog i političkog pojma.Die Analyse von Hegels Werk Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts, und insbesondere derVorrede eröffnet die Möglichkeit, dass dem Denken der modernen Praxis und der Begründungder praktischen Philosophie aus dem gesamten Konzept der Phänomenologie desmenschlichen Willens heraus eine volle philosophische Legitimierung verliehen wird. Wir gehenvon der Überzeugung aus, dass bei Hegel das Konzept einer einzigartigen Geschichte der Erfahrungder Entstehung des menschlichen Willens am Werk ist. Hegels Entwicklung des Standpunktes vonder Geschichtlichkeit des Willens, die durch das historisch angespannte Verhältnis zwischen derForm und dem Inhalt des Willens, durch die Evolution der Form des Willens in Momenten der Allgemeinheit,Besonderheit und Einzelheit, schließlich aber auch durch die Differenzierung des Prinzipsder Seligkeit und des Prinzips der Freiheit vonstatten geht, bildet eine philosophisch legitimeGrundlage für das Verstehen und Begründen der modernen Auffassung vom Pluralismus als praktisch-philosophischer,ethisch-philosophischer, weltanschaulicher und politischer Begriff. (shrink)

Polazeći od uvjerenja da je Kangrgina knjiga Praksa, vrijeme, svijet jedno od najznačajnijih djela suvremene hrvatske filozofske literature, koja su hrvatskoj filozofiji otvarala prostor mogućnosti dijaloga na ravnoj nozi s najtemeljnijim orijentacijama suvremene filozofije u svijetu, autor se u svom prilogu koncentrira na analizu Kangrgina pojma vremena. Odabir toga pojma, kao mogućeg predmeta tematske analitičke pozornosti, određen je, s jedne strane, shvaćanjem da je problem vremena središnji topos svih temeljnih filozofskih tematizacija u modernoj filozofiji, te, s druge strane, vodećom tezom (...) da Kangrgina filozofska djelatnost svoju najvišu razinu i samosvojnost postiže i održava upravo u raspravama o problemu vremena i kritičkom dijalogu o problemu vremena s najznačajnijim misaonim likovima moderne filozofije.Von der Überzeugung ausgehend, dass Kangrgas Buch Praxis, Zeit, Welt eines der bedeutendsten Werke der zeitgenössischen kroatischen philosophischen Literatur ist, das der kroatischen Philosophie einen gleichrangigen Dialog mit den fundamentalen Orientierungen der zeitgenössischen Philosophie in der ganzen Welt ermöglichten, konzentriert sich der Autor in diesem Beitrag auf die Analyse seines Zeit-Begriffs. Die Wahl dieses Begriffs als des potentiellen Gegenstands der thematischen analytischen Konzentration ist einerseits durch die Auffassung bestimmt, dass der Zeit-Begriff der zentrale Topos aller fundamentalen philosophischen Thematisierungen in der modernen Philosophie ist, und andererseits durch die Hauptthese, dass Kangrgas philosophische Tätigkeit ihren höchsten Rang und ihre Eigentümlichkeit gerade in den Auseinandersetzungen über das Zeit-Problem und in dem kritischen Dialog über das Zeit-Problem mit den bedeutendsten denkenden Persönlichkeiten der modernen Philosophie erreicht und aufrechterhält. (shrink)

L’auteur est convaincu que la clé du rapport critique de Heidegger envers la philosophie de Hegel repose dans l’interprétation du problème du temps. Aussi analyse-t-il les traits primaires de la critique de Heidegger du concept du temps de Hegel, considérant cette critique comme problématique à cause de son point de départ, mais aussi à cause des analyses concrètes des parties correspondantes de l’oeuvre de Hegel. Ce qui est problématique dans la critique de Heidegger, qui est son point de départ, est (...) l’intention de trouver un lien entre l’esprit et le temps. Cependant, un tel but nous fait manquer l’essence de la philosophie de Hegel. (shrink)

U tekstu autor postavlja problem razumijevanja odnosa između slobodnog vremena i slobode. Problem se prvo otkriva opisom ontičke strukture odnosa čovjeka i vremena. Opis se razvija u ontološku postavku o slobodnom vremenu kao najizvornijem načinu odnosa čovjeka i vremena, odnosno kao načinu čovjekova bitka . Postavka se preispituje na relevantnoj građi povijesti filozofije . Na poticajima koje nalazi u Fichteovom i Hegelovom pojmu vremena autor analizu usmjerava prema otkrivanju ontološkog smisla modernog susreta vremena i slobode, signifikacija kojega se događa u (...) pojmu slobodnog vremena.Author addresses the problem of comprehension of relationship between the free time and freedom. Firstly, the problematic concept is called forth through the description of an ontic structure of relations between a man and time. Secondly, the problem leads to the ontological thesis on the free time as the most originary linkage between a man and time, i.e. mode of human being . This thesis is investigated furthermore within the most relevant material in the history of philosophy . Finally, on the impulses found in Fichte’s and Hegel’s concept of time author turns his attention towards bringing about the ontological sense of the modern encounter of time and freedom which takes place in the concept of free time. (shrink)

The author is convinced that the key of Heidegger’s critical relationship toward Hegel’s philosophy can be found in the interpretation of the problem of time. This is why he deals with the analysis of the basic outlines of Heidegger’s criticism of Hegel’s concept of time, where he believes this criticism to be problematic considering its starting point, as well as the concrete analysis of the respective parts of Hegel’s work. What is problematic in Heidegger’s critical viewpoint, which he starts from, (...) is the intention to find a link between spirit and time. Still, with this mission, the substance of Hegel’s philosophy is misunderstood. (shrink)

This paper explores the importance of hope as a determining factor for patients to participate in first-in-human trials for synthetic biology therapies. This paper focuses on different aspects of hope in the context of human health and well-being and explores the varieties of hope expressed by patients. The research findings are based on interview data collected from stable gout and diabetes patients. Three concepts of hope have emerged from the interviews: hope as certainty ; hope as reflective uncertainty ; hope (...) as self-therapy. The purpose of the paper is twofold. First, it aims to underline the significance of hope in patients’ medical decision-making, as well as the beneficence of hope for patients’ well-being, and for progress in research. Second, it shows how philosophical investigations—in particular Descartes—explore the phenomenon of hope and provide medical empirical research with profitable insights and tools. (shrink)

The studies show a positive and direct relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction and intrinsic motivation of the students. However, there is a lack of studies that analyze the psychological processes that affect these relationships. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of academic integration on the relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction and intrinsic motivation of Chilean university students. The participants were a total of 580 students from a university in northern Chile, (...) 359 women and 221 men. The mediation analysis was performed by structural equations modeling, using the maximum likelihood method and the bootstrapping procedure with 10,000 iterations. The results indicated that academic integration partially mediated the relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction and intrinsic motivation of the students. Therefore, the basic psychological needs satisfaction had an indirect effect on the intrinsic motivation of the students through academic integration. It is concluded that the academic integration constitutes a psychological process that promotes the development of intrinsic motivation for learning. The practical implications are discussed along with the limitations of the study and recommendations for future research. (shrink)

Between the two World Wars, in Belgrade and Serbia, seven musical journals were published:?Musical Gazette?,?Music?,?Herald of the Musical Society Stankovic?,?Sound?,?Journal of The South Slav Choral Union?,?Slavic Music? and?Music Review?. The influence of marxism can be observed in?Musical Herald?,?Sound? and?Slavic Music?. A Marxist influence is obvious through indications of determinism. Namely, some writers observed elements of musical art and its history as consequences of sociopolitical and economic processes. Still, journals published articles of domestic and foreign authors who interpreted the relation between (...) music, society and economy in a much more moderate and subtle manner. Editors and associates of these journals also had proscriptive ambitions - they recommended and even determined regulations for composers about what kind of music to write according to social goals and needs. According to tendencies in Marxism, there was a follow up of musical work in the Soviet Union. Editors tried not to be one-sided. There were writings about the USSR by left orientated associates as much as emigrants from that country, and articles of Soviet authors were translated. Also, there were critical tones about musical development in the first country of socialism. Serbian musical periodicals recognized the enormous threat from fascism. Also, there were articles about influence of Nazi ideology and dictatorship on musical prospects in Germany. Since Germany annexed Sudetenland in 1938,?Musical Herald? expressed support to musicians and people of that friendly country by devoting the October and November 1938 issue to Czechoslovak music, along with an appropriate introduction by the editor, Stana Djuric-Klajn. (shrink)