El presente trabajo analiza la teoría de la imitación desarrollada por Walter Benjamin en el célebre ensayo sobre la obra de arte. Se pretende abordar el ensayo como una nueva muestra de la “investigación sobre el origen” ya empleada en sus obras anteriores, lo cual nos permitirá esclarecer el papel privilegiado que Benjamin asigna a la “mimesis” como el “origen” que revela la ley unitaria de toda la época. El ensayo, por tanto, supera el reducido ámbito de la estética en (...) el que ha sido tradicionalmente enmarcado y apunta a una reflexión más amplia sobre las contradicciones internas de la modernidad, respecto de la cual la mimesis señala a la vez el problema y una posible vía de salida. (shrink)

This paper focuses on the problematic relationship between method and object in Walter Benjamin’s research. In order to do this, first we will try to clarify the dialectical structure of the notion of “critique”, which plays a key role in his method of historical knowledge. Benjamin’s peculiar appropriation of Goethean “dialectics” will allow us then to show the structural affinity that exists between the medium of representation and the historical object represented, paying special attention to the particular case of the (...) object called “Baroque”. (shrink)

The central aim of this paper is to explain how protocol sentences establish a specific space for scientific discussion at the level of observation in the social sciences. In this space, the four levels of the theory of protocol sentences work as a coordinate system that allows to specify the degree of quality of data production. To do so, we elaborate upon Jean-Claude Passeron’s epistemology by combining it with Otto Neurath’s theory of protocol sentences. We start by discussing Passeron’s interpretation (...) of Neurath’s work in Le raissonnement sociologique and then present Neurath’s theory, following Thomas Uebel’s interpretation, with the purpose of developing the potential of Passeron’s epistemology in this regard. (shrink)

Se pretende ofrecer una aproximación a la obra de Vicente Muñoz Delgado. Se muestran las distintas etapas en la génesis de su obra y pensamiento, así como también, los núcleos y las claves sobre las cuales se estructura.

Aprender de los griegos es posible, pero solo si partimos de dos bases necesarias: la primera, que nuestro mundo es profundamente distinto al suyo; la segunda, que el pensamiento libre requiere no quedar prisionero de ningún dogma. La forma primitiva de pensar de los griegos es una escuela que nos puede ayudar a desnudar la enorme cantidad de supuestos en los que se apoya la mentalidad contemporánea.

Reason and Nature investigates the norms of reason--the standards which contribute to determining whether beliefs, inferences, and actions are rational. Nine philosophers and two psychologists discuss what kinds of things these norms are, how they can be situated within the natural world, and what role they play in the psychological explanation of belief and action. Current work in the theory of rationality is subject to very diverse influences ranging from experimental and theoretical psychology, through philosophy of logic and language, to (...) metaethics and the theory of practical reasoning; this range is well represented here. (shrink)

El estudio analiza un curso Blended Learning para identificar patrones de interacción didáctica que favorecen la construcción del conocimiento y por ende, del aprendizaje. La investigación muestra en la transición hacia la virtualidad desde la presencialidad, una apropiación gradual del aprendizaje y una orientación hacia la autonomía. Las transiciones indican mayor elaboración de contenidos significativos en lo virtual, señalando una relación entre interacción virtual intensificada, aprendizaje y menor dependencia docente. El análisis de la práctica educativa en Blended Learning promueve autonomía, (...) logros y participación mediante colaboraciones entre pares y mayor interacción social, conduciendo a resultados notables. (shrink)

We study whether the probabilistic postulate could be derived from basic principles. Through the analysis of the Strong Law of Large Numbers and its formulation in quantum mechanics, we show, contrary to the claim of the many-worlds interpretation defenders and the arguments of some other authors, the impossibility of obtaining the probabilistic postulate by means of the frequency analysis of an ensemble of infinite copies of a single system. It is shown, though, how the standard form of the probability as (...) the square of the scalar product follows from Gleason's theorem. (shrink)

The aim of this paper is to focus on Wittgenstein's conception about Psychology as Science. For that purpose we analyse first Wittgenstein's approach to the psychological questions conected with his new theory of meaning. Then, we intend to concentrate on his idea of Psychology as Science, separating the scientist's from the philosopher's tasks. Finally, we intend to place wittgensteinian view about Psychology as Science in relation to the different views defending a methodological dualism connected with the methodological tension unity-diversity of (...) Science. (shrink)

El deporte como realización genuinamente humana, su evolución a través del tiempo y su configuración actual son algunas de las claves que plantea esta obra para tratar de aproximar al lector al complejo mundo de la realidad deportiva. A caballo entre el estudio científico y el ensayo, el libro resume a lo largo de sus cuatro capítulos todas las pautas y componentes que de alguna manera han podido influir en la historia pasada y presente; e incluso se nos muestran las (...) que pudieran intervenir en las futuras formas deportivas. Un estilo conciso y directo, junto a la brevedad de la exposición, constituyen alicientes añadidos para disfrutar de este trabajo. (shrink)

v. 1. Representation and mind -- v. 2 The organization of the mind -- v. 3. Special topics: language, thought, and belief -- v. 4. Special topics: consciousness, happiness, and free will.

La presente investigación con diseño metodológico experimental, de tipo cualitativa con un aprendizaje basado en método de observación a 15 estudiantes en cada grupo, como propuesta didáctica extracurricular, realizada dentro de la asignatura de Química General del tronco común en Ingeniería, implantada en tres semestres consecutivos 2018-1, 2018-2 y 2019-1, en el Laboratorio de Química, de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Campus Guadalupe Victoria del Valle de Mexicali, en Baja California, México. La materia de Química General, es de carácter (...) obligatorio y está ubicado en el segundo semestre del tronco común de las ciencias de la ingeniería. (shrink)

The COVID-19 disease has caused thousands of deaths worldwide and required the rapid and drastic adoption of various protective measures as main resources in the fight to reduce the spread of the disease. In the present study we aimed to identify socio cognitive factors that may influence adherence to protective measures toward COVID-19 in a Spanish sample. This longitudinal study analyzes the predictive value of perceived severity and vulnerability of infection, self-efficacy, direct exposure to the virus, and instrumental focused coping (...) style for adhering to infection protection behaviors during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also tests sex and age differences in these factors and changes over time. A two-wave longitudinal study was conducted in March and April 2020 starting the day after a strict national lockdown was decreed in Spain. A path analysis was used to test direct and indirect effects between vulnerability and the adherence to protective behaviors. Results suggest that individuals' perceived severity and vulnerability to COVID-19 and instrumental coping strategies are related to the use of more protective behaviors. This coping strategy mediates the effect of perceived vulnerability on engaging in protective behaviors, and this effect depends on direct exposure to COVID-19 and perceived self-efficacy moderators. Results suggest that recognizing one's own abilities to engage in instrumental actions may facilitate adherence to protective measures in people who had not been directly exposed to COVID-19. Therefore, adopting instrumental coping strategies to manage an individual's perceived vulnerability to infection may positively impact the adherence to protective behaviors, especially during the onset of an unexpected threat and when there is no prior direct experience with the situation. (shrink)

This paper proposes and analyzes the psychometric properties of the PREVI-A scale. It describes the process of item development, the factorial structure of the scale, reliability, evidence of validity and diagnostic performance with regard to recidivism risk in juvenile offenders. The sample was made up of 212 juvenile offenders held at detention centers run by the Madrid Agency for Reeducation and Reintegration of Juvenile Offenders, a regional government body. Statistical analyses were used to corroborate the theoretical factorial structure of the (...) PREVI-A, which consists of six risk/protection dimensions based on the Risk-Needs-Responsivity Model, and to obtain empirical support for the reliability and validity of PREVI-A as a tool to assess the risk of recidivism by juvenile offenders in Spain. (shrink)

Commitment has been perceived as a strategic topic in organizations due to its positive effect on retaining talent, increasing performance, or boosting employees’ innovative behavior. However there are many focis of commitment in the workplace, which has represented a challenge to human resources management, who need implement measures to improve the employee’s commitment. Recent research has suggested a need to conduct studies about commitment, namely antecedents and the relationship between different focis, to understand the dynamic and directionality between them. Hence, (...) the purpose of this work is to analyze how employees’ emotional awareness relates with two focis of commitment, also assessing the mediating role of affective commitment to the leader. The study uses structural equation modeling and Lisrel to test the hypotheses considering the multidimensionality of organizational commitment, employees emotional awareness, and the affective commitment to the leader, under the scope of Social Exchange Theory. The Mackinon’s Z Test was used to assess the mediation role of affective commitment to the leader. The sample is composed for 403 employees from two multinational companies. The results provide empirical evidence about the mediating role of affective commitment to the leader in the relationship between employees’ emotional awareness and organizational commitment, and the employees’ emotional awareness as an antecedent of commitment. The implications for theory and practice are discussed. (shrink)

This paper examines the flow of thoughts on ethics in finance both from academic experts and from published contributions that constitute an alternative view of the financial field from an ethical point of view. A Delphi method was used to achieve consensus about the perceptions and opinions academic experts hold about ethics in financial matters and in the research agenda. This approach permits the early detection of emerging lines, narrowing the research line and shortening subject selection time. An active research (...) map of researchers, countries and lines of investigation was drawn up, and recommendations made of areas that could be highlighted or moderated. (shrink)

La crisis multidimensional por la que atraviesa actualmente la humanidad coloca en primer plano la cuestión, más que de «la salida de la crisis», de la superación de los condicionamientos negativos que han conducido a ella. Más allá de las causas próximas reconocibles se hallan las apuestas paradigmáticas, la Weltanschauung dominante que inspira las conductas erróneas. En el artículo se sostiene que a la metafísica materialista —que el autor distingue del ateísmo—, en tanto que idea-guía principal de la modernidad, corresponde (...) gran parte de la responsabilidad por las patologías de la sociedad actual, a cuyo clímax estamos asistiendo. Se asume que el mundo ha experimentado tales transformaciones que ninguna de las concepciones metafísicas o criptometafísicas a las que estamos acostumbrados sirve para fundamentar una guía de actuación capaz de sacarnos del atolladero. Y se propone una idea de fondo que se estima que sí podría hacerlo: un noocentrismo, la consideración de la consciencia como la realidad fundamental y, por supuesto, referencial. Un neoespiritualismo, si se quiere, capaz de fundamentar una Ética universal, y orientado a la liberación individual y colectiva del ser humano, en armonía con una Naturaleza entendida como de igual importancia, y dejando atrás el espejismo pseudocientífico —y en realidad sojuzgador y bloqueante— del materialismo metafísico. (shrink)

Tres filósofos catalanes: Joaquín Xirau. Eduardo Nicol. José Ferrater Mora.--La herencia de Ortega y Gasset: José Gaos. Luis Recaséns Siches. Manuel Granell. Francisco Ayala. María Zambrano.--Dos filósofos independientes: Juan D. García Bacca. Eugenio Imaz.--Panorama general de la filosofía española en América.