A moral doctrine on war, which establishes the moral conditions of making war, is something quite different from a moral doctrine on the international use of force, which condemns war as an inmoral action in itself. If our options are for the latter, we should be provided with a more efficient and equitable way to solve international conflicts than war, because the moral condemnation of war undermines the grounds on which the moral and legal doctrine on war has been traditionally (...) based. (shrink)

A moral doctrine on war, which establishes the moral conditions of making war, is something quite different from a moral doctrine on the international use of force, which condemns war as an inmoral action in itself. If our options are for the latter, we should be provided with a more efficient and equitable way to solve international conflicts than war, because the moral condemnation of war undermines the grounds on which the moral and legal doctrine on war has been traditionally (...) based. (shrink)

A critique of the modern concept of the autonomy of the social sphere with respect to the political, as well as the strict separation between society and the state is elaborated. On the basis of Millán-Puelles' work, the subsidiarity of the public and the socialness of the private is seen as the only escape from the conflict between collectivism and individualism and its feed-back mechanism.

The distinction between liberalism and republicanism lies basically on the way politics is conceived: as something instrumental or as something constitutive of the practical condition of the human being. This constitutive conception of politics is the very essence of republicanism. All other features of republicanism stem from this, receiving from it their specific republican meaning.

Learning self-regulation skills is essential for proper neurobiological and psychosocial development in childhood. In this study, we investigated the role of breathing, considered a fundamental resource for many meditation practices, as a tool to promote self-regulation in preschool-aged children. Respiratory modulation has been used as a technique in promoting psychophysiological regulation, due to its beneficial effect on the functioning of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), to its important role in the regulation of metabolism, and for promoting the entrainment of all (...) the oscillatory systems in the body. The study has the goals of reviewing the psychophysiological basis of respiration, its relation to cognitive and affective processing, and to evaluate the capacity of preschool children to learn a breathing technique for self-regulation, supporting the development of educational strategies and health intervention programs that adopt meditation practices as a method to promote psychophysiological self-regulation in children. (shrink)

The distinction between liberalism and republicanism lies basically on the way politics is conceived: as something instrumental or as something constitutive of the practical condition of the human being. This constitutive conception of politics is the very essence of republicanism. All other features of republicanism stem from this, receiving from it their specific republican meaning.

Este artigo está dividido em duas partes. Começo por oferecer algumas informações de fundo sobre as discussões e os debates que tiveram lugar na Europa no final da Idade Média e no início dos tempos modernos e que envolveram autoridades políticas e eclesiásticas. Não pretendo ser exaustivo nesta apresentação. Procuro apenas sugerir o contexto mais amplo das disputas entre o poder dos monarcas europeus e o da Igreja Católica durante os séculos XV, XVI e o início do século XVII. Na (...) segundaparte, trato especificamente da obra de Alonso de la Vera Cruz e utilizo a primeira parte como pano de fundo sobre o qual se pode compreender o pensamento de Frei Alonso. Buscarei sobretudo enfatizar o papel desempenhado pela Política de Aristóteles na concepção de Alonso sobre o casamento na Nova Espanha. (shrink)

This paper is motivated by a puzzling observation made when conducting a case study of ProCredit, a well-known social bank. The HR practices that this social enterprise adopted to cultivate mission identification were unfavorably impacting its retention rate. Building on prior research and our analysis of the case, we argue the need for SEs to embrace HRM systems that are both mission-identification proactive and employee-retention preemptive. It theorizes that these HRM systems should be attuned to the labor market conditions that (...) frame how SEs develop and sustain Person-Organization fit. Attuned HRM systems are adapted to labor market conditions and tuned to support SEs’ adeptness to operate against the grain of country and industry norms. (shrink)

La recepción europea de Gómez Dávila comenzó a desplegarse de manera más amplia a partir de la lectura y difusión realizada por Franco Volpi. Este artículo alude a la manera como dicha lectura concretó las interpretaciones del colombiano, principalmente a la luz de una filosofía práctica y una perspectiva crítica. De dichas posturas, el italiano destaca la vocación vital y el carácter provocador del pensamiento de Gómez Dávila.

Concern with elective-death decisions usually focuses on individuals' competence and understanding of their situations and prospects. If problematic influences on individuals are considered, they almost invariably have to do with matters such as depression and the effects of medication. Too little attention is paid to how individuals, as subjects, are products of both external cultural and social influences on them, and of internal efforts and needs that determine their subjectivity.

en este artículo la imaginación es el concepto clave para identificar la evolución epistemológica del hombre natural. A través de la primacía del sentimiento de placer se va a exponer, en tres momentos, el desarrollo de las facultades mentales en donde, primero, predomina una imaginación pictórica individual que refiere el placer a los objetos de la sensibilidad y utiliza la razón calculadora para asegurárselos de forma continua. Segundo, su paso hacia una imaginación pictórica mediada por un poder capaz de reunir (...) a los hombres e imponerse, que refiere el placer hacia una realidad de signos y comportamientos comunes. Por último, la inmediatez del sentimiento de placer de la imaginación pictórica es subordinada al placer derivado de la creación de símbolos significativos lingüísticos y se ciñe a ellos. (shrink)

The feeling of error (FOE) is the subjective experience that something went wrong during a reasoning or calculation task. The main goal of the present study was to assess the accuracy of the FOE in the context of mental mathematical calculation. We used the number bisection task (NBT) to evoke this metacognitive feeling and assessed it by asking participants if they felt they have committed an error after solving the task. In the NBT participants have to determine whether the number (...) presented in the middle of a triplet corresponds to the arithmetic mean of the two outer numbers (e.g., 07_16_25) with a Yes/No answer. Our results show that FOE reports were strongly correlated with arithmetic errors and numerical properties of the NBT, suggesting that the FOE accurately represents the error. This finding indicates that even very fast metacognitive feelings are reliable when it comes to evaluating one’s own mental performance. Moreover, our results suggest that the occurrence of FOEs is determined by the fluency with which each triplet was solved and the post-decision evaluation processes that occurred after the NBT was solved. Additionally, we asked participants to report their confidence in the given answer for the cases where they did not report FOEs. Participants reported less confidence for the (objectively) incorrect answers than for the (objectively) correct ones, suggesting that in cases where they did not have a conscious FOE they still were able to implicitly detect their errors. Remarkably, confidence was also determined by the fluency of the NBT. (shrink)

The Critique of Pure Reason—Kant’s First Critique—is one of the most studied texts in intellectual history, but as Alfredo Ferrarin points out in this radically original book, most of that study has focused only on very select parts. Likewise, Kant’s oeuvre as a whole has been compartmentalized, the three Critiques held in rigid isolation from one another. Working against the standard reading of Kant that such compartmentalization has produced, The Powers of Pure Reason explores forgotten parts of the First (...) Critique in order to find an exciting, new, and ultimately central set of concerns by which to read all of Kant’s works. Ferrarin blows the dust off of two egregiously overlooked sections of the First Critique—the Transcendental Dialectic and the Doctrine of Method. There he discovers what he argues is the Critique’s greatest achievement: a conception of the unity of reason and an exploration of the powers it has to reach beyond itself and legislate over the world. With this in mind, Ferrarin dismantles the common vision of Kant as a philosopher writing separately on epistemology, ethics, and aesthetics and natural teleology, showing that the three Critiques are united by this underlying theme: the autonomy and teleology of reason, its power and ends. The result is a refreshing new view of Kant, and of reason itself. (shrink)

This study examines how multinational corporations (MNCs) from the retail sector deal with four challenges they face when adopting Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policies: the challenge of developing well-performing CSR projects and programs, building competitive advantages based on CSR, responding to local stakeholder issues in the host countries and learning from different CSR experiences on a worldwide basis. Based on in-depth case studies of two globally leading retail MNCs (with strong operations in Latin America), the concept of Transverse CSR Management (...) emerged. Transverse CSR Management is defined as a distinctive form of organizational configuration that crosses different functional areas, country operations, and the boundaries of the firm. In particular, this article makes three main contributions: (1) we identify four central challenges faced by MNC managers when developing their CSR strategies; (2) we propose the concept of Transverse CSR Management to face these central challenges (together, at the same time) and identify its key elements (top management, external stakeholders, functional areas, and country subsidiaries); and (3) we propose four mechanisms (hierarchical, relational, cultural, and collaborative) through which the concept of Transverse CSR Management can be implemented by practicing managers. This study provides valuable insights for MNC managers in headquarters and subsidiaries on the issues they need to address in order to successfully deal with the four CSRrelated challenges. (shrink)