Simone Weil is one of the most profound thinkers of the twentieth century. Her writings encompass an extraordinary breadth of subjects, including philosophy, religion, sociology, and politics. A political activist and resistance fighter, her accomplishments are even more astonishing in light of her death in 1943 at the age of thirty-four. Whilst Weil was concerned with deep philosophical questions - the nature of human thought and human faculties, the limits of language, and thought's contact with reality through mediation, science (...) and beauty - the full significance of her work has frequently been obscured by her categorization as a purely religious writer or Christian mystic. Simone Weil: Basic Writings is an expertly edited anthology of her most important writings, presenting Weil's philosophy as it relates to politics, the nature of work, human nature in its duality, necessity, beauty and goodness. D. K. Levy and Marina Barabas have translated all the extracts anew, including translations of important notes and references missing from existing English language editions of Weil's work. Following an extensive introduction by D. K. Levy which places Weil's life and thought in context, each section opens with a short introduction situating the chosen passages within Weil's oeuvre. Simone Weil: Basic Writings is an outstanding starting point for anyone seeking an introduction to Weil's philosophy, and also essential reading for students and scholars of Weil's thought in related disciplines. (shrink)

Kerngedachten uit de nagelaten manuscripten van deze jong gestorven schrijfster, doordrongen van een mystiek, die zich richt zowel op de schoonheid van de schepping als op de goddelijke volmaaktheid, en van medeleven met de lijdende mensheid.

I here defend microphysical manyism. According to microphysical manyism, each composite or higher-level object is a mere plurality of microphysical particles. After clarifying the commitments of the view, I offer two physicalist-friendly arguments in its favour. The first argument appeals to the Canberra Plan. Here I argue that microphysical particles acting in unison play the theoretical roles associated with composite objects - that they do everything that we think of composite objects as doing - and thus that composite objects are (...) to be identified with pluralities of microphysical particles. Along the way I rebut the objections that pluralities of particles don’t display the right emergent, ‘lingering’, or modal properties to be good candidates for identification with higher-level objects. In the second argument I claim that microphysical manyism is uniquely able to capture a compelling and widespread physicalist intuition concerning the intimate nature of the relationship between higher-level, composite objects and the microphysical world. (shrink)

This book takes Hollywood's disaster movies and their codified versions of natural disaster, post-apocalyptic survival, and extra-terrestrial threat as the starting point for an analytical trajectory toward new understandings of how cinema shapes and informs our conceptions of disaster and catastrophe. This book examines a range of films from distinct regional and industrial contexts: Hollywood, indie movies, different kinds of documentaries, and auteurist-realist cinema. Moving across and beyond critical and industrial categories that inform thinking about cinema, it contends that different (...) approaches to film style can push us to imagine disaster in distinct ways, with distinct ethical connotations. (shrink)

Et pourtant rien au monde ne peut empècher l'homme de se sentir né pour la liberté. Jamais, quoi qu'il advienne, il ne peut accepter la servitude; car il pense. S. WeilÉcrit en 1934, cet essai propose une réflexion dont la profondeur surprend et dont les conclusions restent d'une actualité criante, dans un contexte où la défense des libertés face aux diverses sources d'oppression nécessite une attention permanente.

This article aims to explore the meaning of the notion of the “uncanny” in Nietzsche’s Birth of tragedy. To read today this work is to encounter a text that has preserved intact the force of its philosophical message: man is such only in the alternance and coexistence of health and illness, Apollonian and Dionysian, art and life. The role of Socrates’ philosophy in Nietzsche’s The birth of tragedy, however, needs to be reconsidered. Socrates is also, according to this reading, an (...) “uncanny” figure. This article is dedicated to an analysis of the aesthetical leitmotif of Nietzsche’s philosophy and a comparison between The birth of tragedy and Hoffmann’s Der Sandmann. Topics are the complex relationship between health and illness and the difference between humankind and mechanical robots or automata. (shrink)

Philosophe politique et intellectuel engage dans la vie des idées aux Etats-Unis comme dans le monde, Michael Walzer est l'un des penseurs de la société parmi les plus stimulants a l'époque contemporaine. Son oeuvre défriche des pistes nouvelles de réflexion dans les domaines du politique, de la justice sociale, de la morale ou de l'identité culturelle. En même temps, Walzer, dont la pensée s'est forgée lors des luttes pour l'égalité des droits civiques aux USA et contre la guerre du Vietnam (...) dans les années 1960, poursuit une activité féconde d'animation du débat public à travers sa revue Dissent. Dans cet essai, Simon Wuhl a souhaité éclairer une autre dimension de la pensée de Michael Walzer : la relation étroite avec la pensée juive, dont les potentialités d'universalisation sont une référence majeure dans la plupart de ses écrits. Qu'elle s'exprime ouvertement comme dans son article emblématique sur " Les deux universalismes ", ou en arrière-fond comme dans son livre plus théorique sur les Sphères de justice, l'empreinte du judaïsme est toujours présente dans son oeuvre pour éclairer les grandes questions de société. Faisant par ailleurs retour, dans certains de ses travaux, sur les textes de base du judaïsme, Walzer mobilise les ressources méthodologiques des sciences humaines pour les soumettre à une relecture critique. (shrink)

Pierre Bourdieu is widely regarded as one of the most influential sociologists of his generation, and yet the reception of his work in different cultural contexts and academic disciplines has been varied and uneven. This volume maps out the legacy of Pierre Bourdieu in contemporary social and political thought from the standpoint of classical European sociology and from the broader perspective of transatlantic social science. It brings together contributions from prominent scholars in the field, providing a range of perspectives on (...) the continuing relevance of Bourdieu's oeuvre to substantive problems in social and political analysis. (shrink)

Chapitre 1. La constitution du sujet de la connaissance -- chapitre 2. Le grand renfermement néokantien -- chapitre 3. Les philosophies de la modernité réactionnaire.

This book offers an unprecedented account of recent and future developments in the sociology of intellectuals. It presents a critical exchange between two leading contemporary social theorists, Patrick Baert and Simon Susen, advancing debates at the cutting edge of scholarship on the changing role of intellectuals in the increasingly interconnected societies of the twenty-first century. The discussion centres on Baert's most recent contribution to this field of inquiry, The Existentialist Moment: The Rise of Sartre as a Public Intellectual (2015), demonstrating (...) that it has opened up hitherto barely explored avenues for the sociological study of intellectuals. The authors also provide an overview of various alternative approaches that are available for understanding the sociology of intellectuals, such as those of Pierre Bourdieu, Randall Collins and Neil Gross. In doing so, they grapple with the question of the extent to which intellectuals can play a positive and empowering role in shaping the current and future development of society. This insightful book will appeal to students and scholars of the humanities and social sciences, particularly to those interested in social theory and the history of intellectual thought. (shrink)

Eco-Rational Education proposes an educational response to climate change, environmental degradation, and desctructive human relations to ecology through the delivery of critical land-responsive environmental education. -/- The book argues that education is a powerful vehicle for both social change and cultural reproduction. It proposes that the prioritisation and integration of environmental education across the curriculum is essential to the development of ecologically rational citizens capable of responding to the environmental crisis and an increasingly changing world. Using philosophical analysis, particularly environmental (...) philosophy, pragmatism, and ecofeminism, the book develops an understanding of contemporary issues in education, especially inquiry-based learning as pedagogy, diversifying knowledge, environmental and epistemic justice, climate change education, and citizenship education. -/- Eco-Rational Education will be of interest to researchers and post-graduate students of social and political philosophy, educational philosophy, as well as environmental philosophy, ethics, and teacher education. (shrink)

La notion d'obligation prime celle de droit, qui lui est subordonnée et relative. Un droit n'est pas efficace par lui-même, mais seulement par l'obligation à laquelle il correspond; l'accomplissement effectif d'un droit provient non pas de celui qui le possède, mais des autres hommes qui se reconnaissent obligés à quelque chose envers lui. L'obligation est efficace dès qu'elle est reconnue. Une obligation ne serait-elle reconnue par personne, elle ne perd rien de la plénitude de son être. Un droit qui n'est (...) reconnu par personne n'est pas grand'chose... (shrink)

In this article, some issues related to learning difficulties are addressed based on the question: how does the field of psychopedagogy conceive learning difficulties and what strategies does it propose to reduce them? With the study, we sought to understand how the field of psychopedagogy can contribute to reducing the learning difficulties of children who attend the initial years of basic education. To this end, a qualitative and descriptive study was carried out, with a bibliographic review. It was made a (...) bibliographic review on this field’s current knowledge on several electronic platforms. The focus was on the productions found in the CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations and in the Journal of the Brazilian Psychopedagogy Association. Despite presenting relevant productions, it was not identified any text that answered the question raised, which made it necessary to expand the search for books in the area. Two works were then selected, which comprised the materiality of the research. From some selected excerpts, it was possible to understand and conceptualize what learning is and to identify the main difficulties faced by children in the early years. The most frequent ones are those related to reading and writing. Finally, we reflected on the feasibility of helping children in the learning process, through interventions aimed at children’s specific learning difficulties, providing them with better development both in school activities and beyond. (shrink)

L’objet principal de cette réflexion est d’examiner de manière approfondie la conception bourdieusienne de la « distinction sociale ». À partir d’une analyse détaillée de La distinction. Critique sociale du jugement (1979), cet essai passe au crible les forces et les faiblesses des explications élaborées par Pierre Bourdieu à propos des processus de différenciation symbolique et matérielle. L’analyse montre que La distinction contient dix tensions épistémiques significatives, dont l’étude critique permet de comprendre les contradictions fondamentales qui se trouvent au cœur (...) de la conception bourdieusienne de la « distinction sociale ». (shrink)

This collection of Weil's later writings captures her insightful philosophical explorations of the nature of value, moral thought, and the relation of faith and reason.

If critical momentum in European philosophy and theory has seemed to shift away from deconstruction over the past decade or so, nevertheless the indebtedness of contemporary key thinkers to Derrida's writing and the entire project of deconstruction is unquestionable, regardless of whether it is always fully acknowledged, and whether or not Derrida's influence manifests itself as a source of inspiration or the grounds of critical antagonism or opposition. Many of those who now reject deconstruction continue to write texts that engage (...) with Derrida's work, whether dismissively or not. In this context, how best to recall deconstruction as a continuing 'voice' across the various fields of the critical humanities, theory and philosophy? The starting point for this collection of essays is the idea that, rather than reduce deconstruction to an object of historical importance or memory, one might more fruitfully analyze its significance in terms of complex matrices of desire in which it continues to figure; ceaselessly provoked in this way, deconstruction may neither be dismissed as simply 'dead', nor unproblematically defended as still alive and well. Instead, it asks to be repositioned on the threshold of life-death (about which deconstruction has always had much to say), an intricate threshold which profoundly complicates its relationship to the 'present' field of critical thought. This is a field which-according to a highly complex set of desires-still struggles to memorialize, to inter, or indeed to cremate, reduce to ashes, the deconstructive corpus. This collection therefore brings together leading voices at the forefront of their critical fields, in order to address the question of the desires of deconstruction, in precisely these multiple senses. With contributions from Etienne Balibar, Catherine Malibou and Martin Hagglund, the volume includes key thinkers across various generations of scholarship: those whose careers took off in the 1960s, at the same time Derrida's importance was gaining acknowledgement; those who played their part in the Anglo-American reception and translation of Derrida in the subsequent two or three decades; those taught by him; and those who, without undue discipleship or hagiography, now seek to critically re-evaluate his work. (shrink)

This chapter contains sections titled: What if Tattooing is Immoral? Latent Criminals or Degenerate Aristocrats Loos and Amorality Tattooing is Like Murdering? Loos and the Crime of Ornamentation Tattooing and Personal Meaning Tattooing and Liberal Autonomy Attraction and Repulsion.

Why Arendt? -- Biography, theory, politics -- Thinking and society -- Acting -- Labour, work, modernism -- Judging : from Kant to Eichmann -- Anti-semitism -- Empire, racism, nation -- Totalitarianism -- Coda: Evil -- After Arendt.

Reflections on the right use of school studies -- The love of our neighbor -- Love of the order of the world -- Implicit and explicit love -- The one who fills the void [or gravity and grace] -- The love of God and affliction.

Family Letters is an English translation of philosopher Simone Weil's letters to her parents and brother, mathematician André Weil. The letters, pulled from the original French correspondence, provide a road map to Weil's life and an unparalleled view into Weil's work and her relationship with the three people who had the greatest impact on her.

Medical research saves lives--yet all too often, it is thwarted by a review system supposed to safeguard patients that instead creates needless delays and expense. Institutional Review Boards, which exist at every hospital and medical school that conducts medical research, have ended up imposing such complex, draconian conditions that research is frequently damaged, delayed, and distorted. This is why medical miracles like the COVID-19 vaccines, which were developed at warp speed, are far too rare. Instead, medical research in countless areas (...) is kept at a horse-and-buggy pace. The result: unnecessary suffering and avoidable deaths. From Oversight to Overkill vividly recounts the story behind this crisis, one that remains unknown to the general public. Family physician and ethicist Simon Whitney shows how the IRB system was launched in response to scandals like the notorious Tuskegee syphilis study--and how, in recent decades, this well-intentioned program has become increasingly bureaucratic, convoluted, and stifling. Readers will learn how vital breakthroughs in treating conditions from kidney stones to heart attacks and premature birth have been delayed by IRB red tape, forcing doctors and patients to settle for less-effective treatments. They'll see how ill-informed demands from Congressional leaders that regulators "get tough" on scientists have caused respected research institutions to be shut down-with no benefit to the public. And they'll learn about a balanced, common-sense approach to reforming the system that can free scientists from pointless wheel-spinning while still protecting the public from the risks of unethical or careless experimentation. Until now, the debate about the IRB system's failures has been confined to specialty journals in medicine, law, and ethics. From Oversight to Overkill will finally alert citizens about this little-known crisis with America's medical research system-and what can be done about it. (shrink)

What is the relevance of Luc Boltanski’s ‘pragmatic sociology of critique’ to central issues in contemporary social and political analysis? In seeking to respond to this question, this book contains critical commentaries from prominent social theorists attempting to map out the influence and broad scope of Boltanski’s oeuvre.

An NYRB Classics Original Simone Weil—philosopher, activist, mystic—is one of the most uncompromising of modern spiritual masters. In “On the Abolition of All Political Parties” she challenges the foundation of the modern liberal political order, making an argument that has particular resonance today, when the apathy and anger of the people and the self-serving partisanship of the political class present a threat to democracies all over the world. Dissecting the dynamic of power and propaganda caused by party spirit, the (...) increasing disregard for truth in favor of opinion, and the consequent corruption of education, journalism, and art, Weil forcefully makes the case that a true politics can only begin where party spirit ends. This volume also includes an admiring portrait of Weil by the great poet Czeslaw Milosz and an essay about Weil’s friendship with Albert Camus by the translator Simon Leys. (shrink)

"Sept lettres, pas une de plus, échangées par la philosophe Simone Weil et le poète Joë Bousquet entre avril et mai 1942. Elles font suite à une rencontre que l'urgence du départ attendu par Simone Weil vouait à rester sans lendemain. A la veille de cette rencontre provoquée par Jean Ballard, directeur des Cahiers du Sud, ils ne se connaissaient pas personnellement, si ce n'est par quelques-uns de leurs écrits respectifs. Chacun attendant beaucoup de l'autre, leur "conversation nocturne" (...) fut dense et riche. Ils firent l'un sur l'autre une impression profonde. Intellectuellement, beaucoup les opposait : l'une avait fait le choix, remontant à Platon, du réel contre le rêve ; pour l'autre, au contraire, la quête du réel passait par le rêve. Ce fut pourtant le poète qui amena la philosophe à l'aveu des états mystiques qu'elle connaissait. Délivrée en quelque sorte de son secret, Simone Weil put alors laisser libre cours au flot tumultueux et magnifique de ses grands textes mystiques qui, tous, précédèrent son départ pour les Etats-Unis. Ainsi, sans cette rencontre et les lettres qui suivirent, notre connaissance de Simone Weil et de son oeuvre demeurerait incomplète. L'intensité de l'amitié qui se noua entre ces deux êtres laissa pourtant intacte la singularité de chacun. C'est ce que sut résumer Joë Bousquet en une phrase lapidaire : "Ses pensées étaient les miennes mais elle se reposait dans les pensées qui m'ôtaient le repos.""--Page 4 de la couverture. (shrink)

Dieser Beitrag hinterfragt das weitläufige Verständnis von Polyamorie als eine Form der Liebe beziehungsweise Beziehungsform, die (1) notwendigerweise romantische Liebesbeziehungen in einem engen Verständnis beinhaltet, das heißt einschließlich Sex, und (2) Freundschaft ausschließt. Über eine Untersuchung und Zurückweisung der These, dass romantische Liebesbeziehungen ohne Sex nicht denkbar sind, kommt der Beitrag zu einer Analyse von romantischen Liebesbeziehungen und Freundschaften. Anhand einer vergleichenden Analyse der in romantischen Liebesbeziehungen wie auch in engen Freundschaften realisierten Beziehungsgüter kann gezeigt werden, dass sich diese kaum (...) in einem normativ relevanten Sinne unterscheiden. Letztendlich kann Polyamorie damit plausiblerweise nur auf einem weiten Verständnis romantischer Liebesbeziehungen aufbauen, was das Konzept inklusiver gestaltet und in polyamoren Beziehungskonstellationen Raum für Freundschaften und nicht-sexuelle romantische Beziehungen bietet. Dieser Artikel leistet damit nicht nur einen explikativen und präzisierenden Beitrag zur philosophischen Debatte rund um Polyamorie, sondern möchte den Begriff neu prägen. (shrink)