Combat sports and martial arts are often associated with aggressiveness among the general public, although data on judo and/or martial arts and aggressiveness seem to be unclear. This research aims to compare athletes who have trained judo for a prolonged time and athletes from various team sports, primarily regarding the manifestation of aggression, but also regarding personality traits, emotional intelligence, and self-efficacy. Also, the potential predictive value of personality traits, emotional intelligence, and self-efficacy for aggression within subsamples of judokas and (...) team athletes was tested. The research findings showed that professional judo athletes are characterized by a low degree of aggression, especially low indirect and physical manifestations of aggression. In addition, the personality traits Honesty-Humility and Openness to experience are well expressed, contrary to Emotionality and Extraversion, which are less pronounced. They are also characterized by moderate general self-efficacy. On the other hand, members of team sports produced the opposite results, as they are characterized by increased aggression, pronounced traits of Emotionality and Extraversion, somewhat less pronounced traits of Honesty-Humility, Openness to new experience, and less pronounced general self-efficacy. The percentage of explained variability of aggression is slightly higher in the subsample of team sports and constitutes 49.9% of the variability, while in the subsample of judokas it constitutes 47.8% of the variability of the criteria. Practical implications, limitations, and future research directions were discussed. (shrink)

The question posed by this text is: can we use Levinasian ethics in the field of literary studies? In order to provide the answer, Levinas?s attitude toward art will need to be analyzed. His work contains numerous scattered remarks about literature and other arts, but the most explicit statement on the relationship between art and ethics can be found in his essay?Reality and Its Shadow?. Since Levinas?s view on art in this essay is predominantly negative, it poses a significant problem (...) for the application of his theory in the field of literary studies. In order to overcome this difficulty, I use Blanchot?s reworking of Levinasian ethics, and open the possibility of a different relation between literature and ethics than the one originally suggested by Levinas. (shrink)

In this paper, the author aims to show how various implications of poststructuralist theories on the notion of subjectivity can be treated through the so-called “narrative method”. The said narrative method is profiled precisely through the poststructuralist theoretical framework that highlights the elusive character of subjectivity. This insight is used to draw attention to the realm of language, which is a crucial factor in the emergence of any utterance about the structure of our reality. This way of speaking is recognised (...) as essentially narrative, which means that the story must be used as the fundamental unit of language. The narrative method can also be used to intervene in the field that makes its existence possible in the first place. This paper will therefore first analyse texts by Gayatri Spivak, Roberto Calasso and Michel Foucault. These texts will be interpreted from the point of view of the philosophy of stories, which first emerged with the writings of Wilhelm Schapp. It will turn out that these stories bring language closer to its authentic understanding – namely, as a pure multiplicity of contingent stories. To achieve this, we need to apply our narrative method. (shrink)

The aim of this paper is to clarify specific aspects of the impact of the brain-machine interface on our understanding of subjectivity. The brain-machine interface is presented as a phase of cyborgization of humans. Some projects in the field of brain-machine interface are aimed at enabling consensual telepathy - communication without symbolic mediation. Consensual telepathy refers to one of potential ways of transmission of information within singularity. Therefore, consensual telepathy is an important aspect of singularity. Singularity or human-machine symbiosis shows (...) some similarities with child-mother unity. Therefore, the psychodynamic perspective might be considered useful in thinking about human-machine symbiosis. Knowledge from developmental psychodynamic psychology combined with insights by Slavoj Zizek and Jean Baudrillard provides an additional perspective looking at human-machine symbiosis. The paper claims that if consensual telepathy becomes another way of communication, it will have the potential to annihilate subjectivity making it schizophrenic. At the same time, we look at the possibility of an escape from our inner world through the prism of addictions. (shrink)

This particular roundtable falls at the end of a four-year networking project (COST Action IS1307 New Materialism: Networking European Scholarship on ‘How Matter Comes to Matter’) and reflects upon the genealogies of new materialism and how these flow into the individual working practices of participants. The texts below were contributed remotely via email by members of the group, following face-to-face meetings in Barcelona, Maribor, Warsaw, Liverpool, Paris and Utrecht. Authors were unaware of each other’s responses and in this way the (...) dialogue has unfolded a little like a game of Exquisite Corpse or Consequences, with questions acting like a trail of breadcrumbs to follow. Accordingly, the text is the product of a partially bounded experimental system ‘designed to give unknown answers to questions that the experimenters themselves are not yet able to clearly ask’ (Rheinberger 1997: 28). Thus, it both ruminates upon work to date and is intended to generate novel responses from authors and readers alike. (shrink)

Times of uncertainty and fear were brought on by Covid-19. The ongoing pandemic is a fruitful ground for fake news, as citizens try to find explanations that fit into their worldviews. This process polarizes society and creates echo chambers amplified by recommender systems. Our main goal is to detect anti-vaxxer echo chambers in Serbia by analyzing online reactions to the recent detention of prominent anti-vaxxer Dr. Jovana Stojkovic. A content analysis of online comments is deployed in anti-regime left-leaning, anti-regime right-leaning, (...) and pro-government media to explore attitudes towards a vaccination conspiracy theory, police action towards anti-vaxxers, and the government crisis response team. We clearly identify the anti-vaccine echo chamber among commentators of anti-regime right-leaning media (YouTube podcasts). Additionally, we describe attitudes expressed around issues related to vaccination. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed. (shrink)

U tekstu se razmatraju neki problemi sa kojima se suocava istrazivanje zivotne sredine. Osim pojmovne problematike, svojestvene srpskom jeziku, resavanje realnih problema okruzenja generalno treba da resi dihotomiju antropocentrizam - biocentrizam koja izvire iz suprotstavljajuce ljudske prirode a upravo se u ekologiji pokazuje neodrzivom. Izmedju ostalih tema preispituje se znacenje teze o ekologiji kao novoj velikoj prici, koja omogucava da nauka i demokratija nastave da napreduju i medjusobno se legitimizuju, sa stanovista univerzalnog vazenja. Takodje se preispituje delotvornost teorija iz kojih (...) se izvodi beznacajnost ljudske vrste za njeno oslobadjanje od antropocentrizma koji suzava perspektivu opstanka. PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007: Istrazivanje klimatskih promena i njihovih uticaja na zivotnu sredinu - uticaji, adaptacija i ublazavanje. (shrink)

Not so long ago, a well institutionalized predatory journal exposed itself by publishing a hoax article that blew the whistle for its devastating influence on the academic affairs of a small country. This paper puts that experiment in context, gives all the important details and analyzes the results. The experiment was inspired by well-known cases of scientific activism and is in line with recent efforts against predatory publishers. The paper presents the evidence in detail and uses it to analyze the (...) publishing practices of the offending journal, using established criteria for assessing predatory publications. That journal somehow acquired an impact factor and charged money to publish thousands of “scientific” papers without any peer review. Since the impact factor is the major official evaluation criteria for scientists in Serbia, these papers disturbed the whole academic evaluation process. Credentials acquired by those publications form a strong obstacle to institutionalized reasoned efforts against such practices. This case warns the whole community of the long lasting damage when journals with low publishing ethics are taken seriously. (shrink)

Kontekst globalnog stanja stvari ukazujuci na potrebu za razlikovanjem koncepta globalizacije kao opisa stanja i kao politickog projekta. Ovo razlikovanje predstavlja okvir ispitivanja fenomena globalizacije u kome treba da se uvidi njen uticaj na konkretne ljude u konkretnoj situaciji. U tekstu se takodje utvrdjuje znacaj koncepata u posvudasnjoj transformaciji ljudskih zivota. Tako se preko dominantnih koncepata odvija uticaj jedne kulture koja se simbolicki i normativno namece kao 'globalna' premda je 'lokalna' ne samo (i/ili ne vise) teritorijalno, vec po svom materijalistickom (...) pristupu vrednostima. Zato horizontalna komunikacija (globalno omogucena pojavom Interneta) moze da sluzi saopstavanju vrednosti kao uporisnih tacaka duha. Ona moze da doprinese, ne samo sirenju kulturnih krugova, nego i evoluciji svesti da uopstavanje vrednosti do univerzalnosti zahteva transcendiranje partikularnih interesa koji sprecavaju delotvornu konceptualizaciju globalnog antropoloskog smisla. (shrink)

Any deviation of speed in a traffic flow from a speed limit represents a potential risk of traffic accidents, so speed management appears as an imperative. However, an inadequately set speed limit often causes drivers’ noncompliance to it in the conditions of real traffic flow. By determining the value of exceeding the speed limit according to vehicle classes, it is possible to recommend a credible speeding value that can be considered credible up to a value above the speed limit. In (...) this paper, deterministic multistep mathematical models of speed deviation from the speed limit as a function of longitudinal gradient for the proposed vehicle classes were developed. A total of 11 measuring sections with different traffic flow types were analyzed. Based on a detailed analysis of speeding, models for the deviation of the 15th, 50th, and 85th percentiles were obtained, with the aim of adjusting the credible deviation to control measures. The results obtained in this study were compared with a survey of traffic flow speeding on two-lane roads conducted in Serbia. (shrink)

Nastojanje da se dokuci ono sto je vazno o coveku uopste, kroz razmatranje prividno lokalnih tema, ideal je kojem je prema samorazumevanju neprekidno tezio srpski filozof, eticar i drustveni teoreticar, dr Svetozar Stojanovic. Ideje koje je izneo u decenijama svoga stvaralastva izrazavale su jedno vreme sada sve vise iza nas. Uprkos tome, njegove ideje su ostale jedan moguci kljuc za razumevanje nase sadasnjosti. Sta vise, njihovo ponovno otkrivanje ima potencijal da pokrene na dalekosezno razmisljanje o principima preobrazaja identiteta, kako drustvenog (...) i politickog, tako i individualnog i opsteljudskog. (shrink)

Tekst bi trebalo da pokaze da je posebnost razlicitih kulturnih identiteta uklopiva sa opstoscu standarda - razlike mogu da budu organski ukljucene u celinu koja im omogucava smisao. Globalni smisao preobrazaja identiteta je u potrebi za slobodom kao i za realnom demokratijom, sto znaci prevazilazenje mehanizama instrumentalnog rezonovanja i uzurpacije moci. Proces kulturnog preobrazaja zahteva svesne izbore koji nam omogucavaju identitet i vrednost nasih ljudskih standarda.

U tekstu je rec o pokusaju da se pronadje odgovarajuci koncept za moguce rekonstruisanje i integrisanje razlicitih kulturnih identiteta koji su i unutar sebe razliciti i slojeviti. Pogled na problematiku identiteta koji je moguc iz Srbije - zemlje u 'tranziciji' kroz razlicita iskusenja u traganjima za odgovarajucim identitetom koji bi znacio mogucnost integriteta u procesima identitetskih preobrazaja - jeste specifican po tome sto moze da posmatra sebe i kao subjekt istorije, a ne samo kroz 'drugost' koju su joj drugi namenili.

U tekstu se razmatra paradoksalna priroda identiteta koja izvire iz: 1) samog pojma cija apstraktna opstost sazima razlicite, u stvarnosti cak suprotne osobine; 2) procesualne prirode stvarnosti koju je lakse uhvatiti u poetske metafore ili apstraktne principe nego u nedvosmislene pojmovne mreze; 3) odnosa suprotnosti bica i znanja, svesti i stvarnosti, subjekta i objekta, sopstva i licnosti. Zapetljano u lavirintu cije granice izmicu pri pokusaju pojmovnog odredjenja, moderno misljenje identiteta ide ka napustanju ideje?sopstva? u korist?ega? i pogresnom razumevanju identiteta kao (...) identicnosti. To odgovara?vremenu izgubljenog duha?, razapetom istovremenom potrebom za pronalazenjem identiteta i za odustajanjem od njega. (shrink)

U ovom clanku bice izlozena polemika o kalam kosmoloskom argumentu, koja je razvijena u srednjovekovnoj islamskoj teologiji i filozofiji. Glavni momenti ove polemike bili su izlozeni stolecima pre u Filoponovoj kritici Aristotelove teze da je svet vecan i da nije moguca aktuelna beskonacnost. Filopon prihvata tezu da je aktuelna beskonacnost nemoguca, ali on misli da, upravo zbog toga, svet ne moze biti vecan. Naime, prema Filoponu, nesto ne moze da nastane ako njegovo po?stojanje zahteva prethodno postojanje beskonacnog broja drugih stvari, (...) od kojih jedna dolazi posle druge. Filopon i njegovi sledbenici u srednjevekovnoj islamskoj teologiji, zvani kalam teolozi, ponudili su argumente protiv koncepcije temporalno beskonacnog univerzuma, koji bi bio shvacen kao sukcesivni kauzalni lanac. S druge strane, srednjovekovni islamski mislioci, zvani falasifah /filozofi/ ili aristotelijanci ponudili su argumente u prilog Aristotelove koncepcije vecnosti univerzuma. Odlucujuci problem u raspravi izmedju kalam i falsafa srednjovekovnih muslimanskih mislilaca bio je problem beskonacnosti. U ovom clanku bice prikazani neki od krucijalnih momenata tih argumenata. (shrink)

U tekstu se razmatraju razlicita filosofska stanovista, tumacenja ili pogledi na identitet. Dinamika tih tumacenja predstavlja okosnicu koncepta preobrazaja identiteta u globalnim procesima koji se ticu promena paradigmi koje se istorijski razvijaju u odnosu na probleme konstrukcije identiteta.

U ovom radu pokusacemo da ponudimo opstiji nacrt za razmatranje odnosa izmedju toga kako se na pitanje religijske tolerancije gleda u dva dokumenta koja hriscanska i islamska religijska tradicija priznaju i slave. Rec je o Milanskom ediktu i o Ustavu Medine. Ovi dokumenti su za svoje vreme bili revolucionarni. Medjutim, sami ovi dokumenti, kao i religijska ucenja, na kojima su oni zasnovani, ne mogu biti merilo za uredjivanje odnosa u nase vreme. Oni su izlozeni u pojmovnom okviru i u vrednosnom (...) sistemu koji je vladao u doba kada su ta ucenja i ti dokumenti nastali. Mnogi odnosi koji su tada postojali, danas ne postoje. Na primer, u Milanskom ediktu afirmise se opste pravo na religiju, a u Ustavu Medine uzajamna tolerancija avramovskih monoteistickih religija, dok se osobe koje danas nazivamo ateistima ili agnosticima uopste pominju. (shrink)

Serbia’s current identity transformation should make it possible to establish internal integrity which coexists with an external integration of European society. Which obstacles are on the way and how they could be surmounted? These are some of questions posed in this article with the aim to conceive more fundamental research of actual problems of the society in Serbia.

The reflection on the current period of transition in Serbian society indicates deep contradictions between the urge for European integration and the delay of institutional transformation that fuse with the indolence of a large part of the people. The crisis of values is conspicuous almost everywhere. Continuous changes have had hard consequences on Serbian society. During these changes moral patterns, values, spirituality were destroyed, rebuilt, and lost again. Hence, Serbian society now lies on the ruins of past 'traditions', general values, (...) collective identities, and a common purpose. In everyday life, it is noticeable very often as, for example, in the Belgrade 'park-scape' whose photos obviously illustrate these problems. Razmatranje tekuceg perioda tranzicije drustva u Srbiji otkriva duboku protivrecnost koja postoji izmedju imperativa integracije i upornog odlaganja institucionalnih promena povezanog s indolencijom velikog broja ljudi. Skoro svuda u drustvu primetna je kriza vrednosti. Stalne promene ideoloskih nacela ostavile su teske posledice na drustvo u Srbiji. U tim promenama ruseni su, iznova gradjeni, te opet gubljeni moralni uzori, vrednosti, duh tako da se drustvo u Srbiji sada nalazi na rusevinama proteklih tradicija opstih vrednosti, kolektivnog identiteta, zajednickog cilja. U svakodnevnom zivotu Srbije to je upadljivo veoma cesto, kao na primer, u jednom beogradskom parku cije fotografije i vizuelno ilustruju ove probleme. (shrink)

S obzirom da znacaj problema identiteta raste uprkos neminovnom izmicanju njegovih znacenja, to je rasvetljavanje problema identiteta i dalje predstavlja izazov za savremenog coveka. Usled nemogucnosti da se ostvari potpuna preglednost ove slozene problematike nuzno je pronaci reprezentativne niti cije je povezivanje oblik samosaznanja koje doprinosi razvoju samosvesti koja predstavlja osnovnu humanu vrednost i svrhu. U slicnom duhu treba shvatiti i globalne procese ciji razvoj vodi sve vecem osvescivanju potrebe za preobrazajem.

Die Reihe Monographien und Texte zur Nietzsche-Forschung (MTNF) setzt seit mehreren Jahrzehnten die Agenda in der sich stetig verändernden Nietzsche-Forschung. Die Bände sind interdisziplinär und international ausgerichtet und spiegeln das gesamte Spektrum der Nietzsche-Forschung wider, von der Philosophie über die Literaturwissenschaft bis zur politischen Theorie. Die Reihe veröffentlicht Monographien und Sammelbände, die einem strengen Peer-Review-Verfahren unterliegen. Die Buchreihe wird von einem internationalen Redaktionsteam geleitet.

Studies of the familial association of physical activity and sedentary behavior have increased in recent years. However, there is a lack of studies that have objectively examined the correlates between parents, grandparents, and childrens' PA. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure PA using accelerometers to determine the extent to which PA and SB correlate among parents, grandparents, and children. A sample of 169 children between 11 and 14 years, 225 parents, and 52 grandparents were recruited for the (...) current study. Accelerometers RM42 were used to determine PA levels of children, parents, and grandparents. Epoch length was 6 s. Mothers' moderate-to-vigorous PA was associated with children's MVPA of children's MVPA. In contrast, grandfathers' sedentary behavior was a significant predictor of children's sedentary behavior. The results of the current study suggest that parental involvement in PA, particularly by mothers, is important for children's PA and, accordingly, healthy outcomes. (shrink)

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way we conduct daily life, as well as sports training and sports competitions. Given the stress produced by COVID-19, and the “bubble” safety measures for the World Sambo Championship, held in Novi Sad, from the 6th to the 8th of November, 2020, athletes might have experienced more stress than athletes normally would in non-pandemic conditions. Therefore, the current study aimed to create a psychological profile of sambo athletes participating in the Sambo World Championship (...) and living in this condition.Methods: One-hundred-fifteen participants took part in the study, completing the Profile of Mood Scale, the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. A mediation model with Fear of COVID-19 predicting both stress level directly and stress level through mood disturbance was hypothesized. Gender differences were evaluated through t-test.Results: The results showed that the sample presented higher levels of stress but no problems in sleeping. In particular, data analysis confirmed an indirect effect of Fear of COVID on Perceived stress through mood disturbance, but did not have a significant impact on the direct effect. Gender differences emerged in the perceived stress level and daytime dysfunction where females scored higher than males for both aspects.Conclusion: The athletes participating to the World Sambo Championship experienced stress levels determined by the mood disturbance produced by the fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. Female athletes were more stressed and showed higher daytime dysfunction. The findings of the current study are useful to understand the psychological profile of the athletes competing in the “bubble” conditions during COVID-19 pandemic. (shrink)

Insight problems are likely to trigger an initial, inappropriate mental representation, which needs to be restructured in order to find the solution. Despite the widespread theoretical assumption t...

Insight problems are difficult because the initially activated knowledge hinders successful solving. The crucial information needed for a solution is often so far removed that gaining access to it through restructuring leads to the subjective experience of “Aha!”. Although this assumption is shared by most insight theories, there is little empirical evidence for the connection between the necessity of restructuring an incorrect problem representation and the Aha! experience. Here, we demonstrate a rare case where previous knowledge facilitates the solving of (...) insight problems but reduces the accompanying Aha! experience. Chess players were more successful than non‐chess players at solving the mutilated checkerboard insight problem, which requires retrieval of chess‐related information about the color of the squares. Their success came at a price, since they reported a diminished Aha! experience compared to controls. Chess players’ problem‐solving ability was confined to that particular problem, since they struggled to a similar degree to non‐chess players to solve another insight problem (the eight‐coin problem), which does not require chess‐related information for a solution. Here, chess players and non‐chess players experienced the same degree of insight. (shrink)

BackgroundPrevious studies suggest that engagement in any type of physical activity can be protective against mental health issues, whereas elite-level athletes can endure various mental health challenges. The aim of this study was to determine variations in the prevalence of psychological distress among elite sambo athletes and their recreational counterparts.MethodsA sample consisting of 245 athletes was chosen. Out of the total sample, 105 were elite-level athletes while 140 were recreational athletes. Participants were accessed via the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 to (...) determine their stress in various domains at a given time.ResultsData indicated that all tested differences between elite sambo athletes and recreational athletes were statistically significant; recreational athletes had a higher score on the depression scale, anxiety and stress, and a general distress score than sambo athletes. Although there are no gender differences in psychological distress in the total sample of athletes, elite sambo athletes achieve significantly lower scores in all tested variants than recreational ones. Women who engage in recreational activities have stood out as a vulnerable subsample in psychological stress.ConclusionFuture epidemiological and interventional studies should explore optimal strategies to identify mental health needs based on specific sport activity, especially in terms of gender. There is a need to place special emphasis on psychological distress in the context of combat sports. (shrink)